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The Cognition Of Sequences
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Book Synopsis The Cognition of Sequences by : Snehlata Jaswal
Download or read book The Cognition of Sequences written by Snehlata Jaswal and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-01-24 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is impossible to perceive the innumerable stimuli impinging on our senses, all at once. Out of the myriad stimuli, external and internal, a few are selected for further processing; and even among these, we try to put each in some sort of relation with the others, to be able to make some sense about them all. Time, of course, is an elementary dimension we use to organize our experiences. Thus, the perception of sequences is basic to human cognition. Nevertheless, research addressing sequences is rather sparse. Partly, this is due to difficulty in designing experiments in this area due to huge individual differences. Then, there is the assumption that temporal order has more to do with memory than perception. Another problem is that sequences seem endemic to the auditory world. So much so that some researchers have suggested that sound provides the ‘auditory scaffolding’ for sequencing behavior. Little wonder that research studies addressing sequences in modalities other than audition are extremely rare. This research topic aimed to gather a holistic picture of sequencing behaviour among humans by collecting snapshots of the current research on the topic of sequencing. We particularly sought contributions which addressed sequences beyond the auditory modality. The single unifying criteria for these diverse contributions was that they shed new light on previously unexplored empirical relationships and/or provoked new lines of research with incisive ideas regarding sequencing behavior. Seasoned researchers contributed their views on perception, memory, and production of sequences.
Download or read book The Cognition of Sequences written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is impossible to perceive the innumerable stimuli impinging on our senses, all at once. Out of the myriad stimuli, external and internal, a few are selected for further processing; and even among these, we try to put each in some sort of relation with the others, to be able to make some sense about them all. Time, of course, is an elementary dimension we use to organize our experiences. Thus, the perception of sequences is basic to human cognition. Nevertheless, research addressing sequences is rather sparse. Partly, this is due to difficulty in designing experiments in this area due to huge individual differences. Then, there is the assumption that temporal order has more to do with memory than perception. Another problem is that sequences seem endemic to the auditory world. So much so that some researchers have suggested that sound provides the 'auditory scaffolding' for sequencing behavior. Little wonder that research studies addressing sequences in modalities other than audition are extremely rare.This research topic aimed to gather a holistic picture of sequencing behaviour among humans by collecting snapshots of the current research on the topic of sequencing. We particularly sought contributions which addressed sequences beyond the auditory modality. The single unifying criteria for these diverse contributions was that they shed new light on previously unexplored empirical relationships and/or provoked new lines of research with incisive ideas regarding sequencing behavior. Seasoned researchers contributed their views on perception, memory, and production of sequences.
Download or read book Sequence Learning written by Ron Sun and published by . This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Cognition of Basic Musical Structures by : David Temperley
Download or read book The Cognition of Basic Musical Structures written by David Temperley and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004-08-20 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, David Temperley addresses a fundamental question about music cognition: how do we extract basic kinds of musical information, such as meter, phrase structure, counterpoint, pitch spelling, harmony, and key from music as we hear it? Taking a computational approach, Temperley develops models for generating these aspects of musical structure. The models he proposes are based on preference rules, which are criteria for evaluating a possible structural analysis of a piece of music. A preference rule system evaluates many possible interpretations and chooses the one that best satisfies the rules. After an introductory chapter, Temperley presents preference rule systems for generating six basic kinds of musical structure: meter, phrase structure, contrapuntal structure, harmony, and key, as well as pitch spelling (the labeling of pitch events with spellings such as A flat or G sharp). He suggests that preference rule systems not only show how musical structures are inferred, but also shed light on other aspects of music. He substantiates this claim with discussions of musical ambiguity, retrospective revision, expectation, and music outside the Western canon (rock and traditional African music). He proposes a framework for the description of musical styles based on preference rule systems and explores the relevance of preference rule systems to higher-level aspects of music, such as musical schemata, narrative and drama, and musical tension.
Book Synopsis A Cognition Inspired Approach to Capturing Data Sequences by : Upuli Pushpika Gunasinghe
Download or read book A Cognition Inspired Approach to Capturing Data Sequences written by Upuli Pushpika Gunasinghe and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data in the form of sequences accumulate in many domains such as engineering, health, finance and marketing. Therefore, it is important that models and techniques are developed and utilised to effectively capture and analyse sequential information. Capturing sequences of variable length, capturing the substructure of sequences and extracting useful frequent sequential patterns are three main challenges in the domain of sequence analysis. Furthermore, it is important that the developed techniques can handle sequences with diverse characteristics. It can be observed that humans have the ability to effortlessly comprehend, capture and utilise sequential information in everyday cognitive tasks such as vision, language, motor control and problem solving. It has also been demonstrated in the literature that one of the key factors behind human intelligence is the ability to store and utilise sequences. The work undertaken and reported on in this thesis focuses on building learning models and techniques for sequence analysis through incorporating theories on human cognition. In addition, the application of the proposed techniques to effectively capture and analyse sequences in multiple and diverse application areas is also demonstrated.Addressing the problems of capturing frequent, variable length sequences and their substructure, the Adaptive Suffix Trie (ASTrie) algorithm is first introduced in the thesis. The ASTrie algorithm incorporates the biologically inspired Hebbian learning rule into the suffix trie data structure and transforms it into a flexible learning tool for capturing sequences. Next, the Adaptive Suffix Tree (ASTree) algorithm is introduced as a space efficient successor to the ASTrie. %Both algorithms can capture discrete, long/short, dense/sparse and single dimensional sequences. These are based on the suffix trie and suffix tree data structures which can capture variable length sequences and their substructure. However, these are static data structures which store all suffixes of a given sequence. For most data analysis and data mining tasks capturing all sequences are not required. Rather the focus is on capturing the interesting or frequent patterns of occurrences. Most sequences indexed by time, such as time series data, are continuous in nature. In addition, elements in sequences could consist of multiple dimensions or attributes. In order to analyse continuous, multidimensional sequences, the ASTrie and ASTree algorithms are extended and the Continuous ASTrie (CASTrie) and Continuous ASTree (CASTree) algorithms are proposed. This is carried out through integrating a discretisation layer composed of the Growing Self Organising Map (GSOM), an unsupervised clustering algorithm which can handle continuous and multidimensional elements, in the ASTrie and ASTree algorithms. One of the main practical problems in sequence analysis techniques is the high processing time requirement. This is due to the exponential increase in the number of sequences when the length of sequences increases. In order to increase the efficiency of sequence analysis techniques, a measure is introduced for evaluating the quality of sequences and extracting only a subset of high quality sequences for analysis.The thesis also reports on the application and the efficiency investigations of the proposed models and techniques in diverse domains. First, the proposed algorithms and the quality measure are utilised in the domain of bioinformatics, for improving the efficiency of alignment free sequence comparison methods. Next, a novel sequence based text clustering model is proposed and it is demonstrated that the proposed model improves both the accuracy and the efficiency of the text clustering process while capturing better semantics. The proposed techniques are also applied to the analysis of geometric datasets at multiple levels of granularity. Finally, all components proposed in the thesis are brought together into a single framework for an integrated sequence capture and analysis suite of tools which could be used in diverse domains.
Book Synopsis Fleeting Memories by : Veronika Coltheart
Download or read book Fleeting Memories written by Veronika Coltheart and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The investigation of what people understand and remember from rapidlypresented sequences of visual stimuli began in the late 1960s. In this book, prominent researchers approach the topic from psychological, neuropsychological, and electrophysiological perspectives. The investigation of what people understand and remember from rapidly presented sequences of visual stimuli began in the late 1960s. In this book prominent researchers approach the topic from psychological, neuropsychological, and electrophysiological perspectives. Specific issues include RSVP (rapid serial visual presentation), attentional blink, repetition blindness, and scene perception. The contributors review recent research on our ability to comprehend and remember pictures of objects and scenes, written words, and sentences when the visual stimuli are presented sequentially at rates of up to ten items per second. In short, the book is about our remarkably developed abilities to understand and remember the contents of very briefly presented material.ContributorsDaphne Bavelier, Veronika Coltheart, Helene Intraub, Nancy Kanwisher, Steven J. Luck, Nadine Martin, Mary C. Potter, Eleanor M. Saffran, Kimron L. Shapiro, Ewa Wojciulik, Jeremy M. Wolfe, Carol Yin
Book Synopsis Cognition and the Symbolic Processes by : Robert R. Hoffman
Download or read book Cognition and the Symbolic Processes written by Robert R. Hoffman and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a festschrift dedicated to James J. Jenkins, a pioneer in many areas of experimental psychology. It has three major goals: to provide a forum for debate on current theoretical issues in cognitive psychology, to capture the "state of the art" in reviews of research methods and results, and to generate ideas for new research directions and methodologies. Contributors -- including Jenkins' former students and present colleagues -- ponder fundamental questions such as: * How do people learn to read? * What happens during the processes of speech perception? * How do people acquire problem solving skills? * How do cognitive and motor skills develop and integrate with one another? Many chapters focus specifically on ecological and applied cognitive psychology. Specific topics covered include visual and speech perception, language, memory, motivation, child development, problem solving, and pedagogy.
Book Synopsis Abstract Mathematical Cognition by : Wolfgang Grodd
Download or read book Abstract Mathematical Cognition written by Wolfgang Grodd and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-08-09 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the importance of mathematics in our educational systems little is known about how abstract mathematical thinking emerges. Under the uniting thread of mathematical development, we hope to connect researchers from various backgrounds to provide an integrated view of abstract mathematical cognition. Much progress has been made in the last 20 years on how numeracy is acquired. Experimental psychology has brought to light the fact that numerical cognition stems from spatial cognition. The findings from neuroimaging and single cell recording experiments converge to show that numerical representations take place in the intraparietal sulcus. Further research has demonstrated that supplementary neural networks might be recruited to carry out subtasks; for example, the retrieval of arithmetic facts is done by the angular gyrus. Now that the neural networks in charge of basic mathematical cognition are identified, we can move onto the stage where we seek to understand how these basics skills are used to support the acquisition and use of abstract mathematical concepts.
Book Synopsis Cognitive Models of Memory by : Martin A. Conway
Download or read book Cognitive Models of Memory written by Martin A. Conway and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chapters of this volume evaluate models of the short-term retention of knowledge, conceptual knowledge, autobiographical knowledge, transitory mental representations, the neurobiological basis of memory, and age-related changes in human memory.
Book Synopsis The Handbook of Mathematical Cognition by : Jamie I.D. Campbell
Download or read book The Handbook of Mathematical Cognition written by Jamie I.D. Campbell and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2005-08-15 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does the brain represent number and make mathematical calculations? What underlies the development of numerical and mathematical abilities? What factors affect the learning of numerical concepts and skills? What are the biological bases of number knowledge? Do humans and other animals share similar numerical representations and processes? What underlies numerical and mathematical disabilities and disorders, and what is the prognosis for rehabilitation? These questions are the domain of mathematical cognition, the field of research concerned with the cognitive and neurological processes that underlie numerical and mathematical abilities. The Handbook of Mathematical Cognition is a collection of 27 essays by leading researchers that provides a comprehensive review of this important research field.
Book Synopsis The Cognitive Psychology of Knowledge by : G. Strube
Download or read book The Cognitive Psychology of Knowledge written by G. Strube and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1993-10-01 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book is a result of a seven-year (1986-1992) national research program in cognitive science in Germany, presumably the first large scale cognitive science program there. Anchored in psychology, and therefore christened Wissenpsychologie (psychology of knowledge), it has found interdisciplinary resonance, especially in artificial intelligence and education. The research program brought together cognitive scientists from over twenty German universities and more than thirty single projects were funded. The program was initiated by Heinz Mandl and Hans Spada, the main goals of which were to investigate the acquisition of knowledge, the access to knowledge, and the modification and application of knowledge from a psychological perspective. Emphasis was placed on formalisms of knowledge representation and on the processes involved. In many of the projects this was combined with computer simulations. A final but equally important goal was the development of experimental paradigms and methods for data analysis that are especially suited to investigate knowledge based processes. The research program has had a major impact on cognitive psychology in Germany. Research groups were established at many universities and research equipment was provided. It also inspired a considerable number of young scientists to carry out cognitive research, employ modeling techniques from artificial intelligence for psychological theorizing, and construct intelligent tutoring systems for education. Close contacts with cognitive scientists in the U.S. have helped to firmly integrate the program with international research endeavours. Each year, one or two workshops were held. The present volume is the result of the final workshop which was held in September 1992. Selected results from seventeen projects are presented in this book. The volume is enriched by three guest scholars who agreed to participate in the final workshop and to comment on the chapters of the book.
Book Synopsis Exploring Implicit Cognition: Learning, Memory, and Social Cognitive Processes by : Jin, Zheng
Download or read book Exploring Implicit Cognition: Learning, Memory, and Social Cognitive Processes written by Jin, Zheng and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2014-10-31 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While widely studied, the capacity of the human mind remains largely unexplored. As such, researchers are continually seeking ways to understand the brain, its function, and its impact on human behavior. Exploring Implicit Cognition: Learning, Memory, and Social Cognitive Processes explores research surrounding the ways in which an individuals unconscious is able to influence and impact that persons behavior without their awareness. Focusing on topics pertaining to social cognition and the unconscious process, this title is ideal for use by students, researchers, psychologists, and academicians interested in the latest insights into implicit cognition.
Book Synopsis Memory and Cognition in Its Social Context by : Robert S. Wyer, Jr.
Download or read book Memory and Cognition in Its Social Context written by Robert S. Wyer, Jr. and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-02-04 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive theoretical formulation of the way people use information they receive about their social environments to make judgments and behavioral decisions, this volume focuses on the cognitive processes that underlie the use of social information. These include initial interpretation, the representations used to make inferences, and the transformation of these subjective inferences into overt judgment and behavior. In addition, it specifies the role of affect and emotion in information processing, and the role of self-knowledge at different stages of processing. The theoretical model presented here is the first to provide a conceptual integration of existing theory and research in all phases of social information processing. It not only accounts for the major portion of existing research findings, but permits several hypotheses to be generated concerning phenomena that have not yet been empirically investigated. Although focused here on the processing of information about people and events, the formulation proposed has implications for other domains such as personnel appraisal, political decision making, and consumer behavior.
Book Synopsis Biology of Cognition and Linguistic Analysis by : Aleksandr Vladimirovich Kravchenko
Download or read book Biology of Cognition and Linguistic Analysis written by Aleksandr Vladimirovich Kravchenko and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2008 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an attempt to re-evaluate some basic assumptions about language, communication, and cognition in the light of the new epistemology of autopoiesis as the theory of the living. Starting with a critique of common myths about language and communication, the author goes on to argue for a new understanding of language and cognition as functional adaptive activities in a consensual domain of interactions. He shows that such understanding is, in fact, what marks a variety of theoretical and empirical frameworks in contemporary non-Cartesian cognitive science; thus, cognitive science is in the process of working out new epistemological foundations for the study of language and cognition. In Part Two, the traditional concept of grammar is reassessed from the vantage point of autopoietic epistemology, and an analysis of specific grammatical phenomena in English and Russian is undertaken, revealing common cognitive mechanisms at work in linguistic categories.
Book Synopsis Altruistic Emotion, Cognition, and Behavior (PLE: Emotion) by : Nancy Eisenberg
Download or read book Altruistic Emotion, Cognition, and Behavior (PLE: Emotion) written by Nancy Eisenberg and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-11-20 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1986, this book was an effort to integrate thinking and research concerning the role of emotion and cognition in altruistic behaviour. Prior to publication there was a vast body of research and theorizing concerning the development and maintenance of prosocial (including altruistic) behaviour. This book focusses primarily on a specific set of intrapsychic factors involved in prosocial responding, especially emotions and cognitions believed to play a major role in altruistic behaviour. In the final chapters these intrapsychic factors are also discussed in relation to a variety of other relevant factors including socialization and situational influences on altruism.
Book Synopsis Children’s Logical and Mathematical Cognition by : C.J. Brainerd
Download or read book Children’s Logical and Mathematical Cognition written by C.J. Brainerd and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For some time now, the study of cognitive development has been far and away the most active discipline within developmental psychology. Although there would be much disagreement as to the exact proportion of papers published in developmen tal journals that could be considered cognitive, 50% seems like a conservative estimate. Hence, a series of scholarly books to be devoted to work in cognitive development is especially appropriate at this time. The Springer Series in Cognitive Development contains two basic types of books, namely, edited collections of original chapters by several authors, and original volumes written by one author or a small group of authors. The flagship for the Springer Series will be a serial publication of the "advances" type, carrying the subtitle Progress in Cognitive Development Research. Each volume in the Progress sequence will be strongly thematic, in that it will be limited to some well-defined domain of cognitive-developmental research (e. g. , logical and mathematical de velopment, semantic development). All Progress volumes will be edited collec tions. Editors of such collections, upon consultation with the Series Editor, may elect to have their books published either as contributions to the Progress sequence or as separate volumes. All books written by one author or a small group of authors will be published as separate volumes within the series. A fairly broad definition of cognitive development is being used in the selection of books for this series.
Book Synopsis The Vaiśeṣika Sûtras of Kaṇāda by : Kaṇāda
Download or read book The Vaiśeṣika Sûtras of Kaṇāda written by Kaṇāda and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
