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The California Current
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Book Synopsis The California Current by : Stan Ulanski
Download or read book The California Current written by Stan Ulanski and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2016-02-13 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The California Current--part of the large, swirling North Pacific gyre--flows slowly southward along the west coast of North America, stretching nearly 2,000 miles from southern British Columbia to the tip of Baja California in Mexico. To a casual observer standing on the shore, the vast current betrays no discernible signs, yet life abounds just over the horizon. Stan Ulanski takes us into the water on a journey through this magnificent, unique marine ecosystem, illuminating the scientific and biological marvels and the astonishing array of flora and fauna streaming along our Pacific coast. The waters of the California Current yield a complex broth of planktonic organisms that form the base of an elaborate food web that many naturalists have compared to the species-rich Serengeti ecosystem of Africa. Every year, turtles, seals, fish, and seabirds travel great distances to feast in the current's distinct biological oases and feeding sites. Apex predators, such as the California gray whale, humpback whale, salmon shark, and bluefin tuna, undertake extensive north-south migrations within the current to find enough to eat. The California Current energizes us to celebrate and protect a marine ecosystem integral to the myriad fisheries, coastal communities, and cultures of the Pacific coast.
Book Synopsis Regional Fisheries Oceanography of the California Current System by : Sam McClatchie
Download or read book Regional Fisheries Oceanography of the California Current System written by Sam McClatchie and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-30 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The California Current System is one of the best studied ocean regions of the world, and the level of oceanographic information available is perhaps only surpassed by the northeast and northwest Atlantic. The current literature (later than 1993) offers no comprehensive, integrated review of the regional fisheries oceanography of the California Current System. This volume summarizes information of more than 60-year California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigation (CalCOFI). While providing a large bibliography, the intent was to extract themes relevant to current research rather than to prepare a compendious review of the literature. The work presents a useful review and reference point for multidisciplinary fisheries scientists and biological oceanographers new to working in the California Current System, and to specialists wishing to access information outside their core areas of expertise. In addition it aims to deliver an up to date reference to the current state of knowledge of fisheries oceanography in the California Current System.
Book Synopsis Upwelling Systems of the World by : Jochen Kämpf
Download or read book Upwelling Systems of the World written by Jochen Kämpf and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-29 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Upwelling systems are special places in the oceans where nutrient-enriched water is brought into the euphotic zone to fuel phytoplankton blooms that, via marine food-web interactions, create the world’s richest fish resources. This book introduces the reader to the interdisciplinary science of upwelling and provides a comprehensive overview of the world’s most productive marine ecosystems in the context of climate variability, climate change and human exploitation. This material presented is suitable for undergraduate and postgraduate study or just for anyone interested to learn about the creation of life in the oceans and how this is compromised by human activities.
Book Synopsis California Place Names by : Erwin G. Gudde
Download or read book California Place Names written by Erwin G. Gudde and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This anniversary edition concentrates on the origins of the names currently used for the cities, towns, settlements, mountains, and streams of California, with engrossing accounts of the history of their usage. The dictionary includes a glossary and a bibliography.
Book Synopsis Ecosystems of California by : Harold Mooney
Download or read book Ecosystems of California written by Harold Mooney and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2016-01-19 with total page 1008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This long-anticipated reference and sourcebook for CaliforniaÕs remarkable ecological abundance provides an integrated assessment of each major ecosystem typeÑits distribution, structure, function, and management. A comprehensive synthesis of our knowledge about this biologically diverse state, Ecosystems of California covers the state from oceans to mountaintops using multiple lenses: past and present, flora and fauna, aquatic and terrestrial, natural and managed. Each chapter evaluates natural processes for a specific ecosystem, describes drivers of change, and discusses how that ecosystem may be altered in the future. This book also explores the drivers of CaliforniaÕs ecological patterns and the history of the stateÕs various ecosystems, outlining how the challenges of climate change and invasive species and opportunities for regulation and stewardship could potentially affect the stateÕs ecosystems. The text explicitly incorporates both human impacts and conservation and restoration efforts and shows how ecosystems support human well-being. Edited by two esteemed ecosystem ecologists and with overviews by leading experts on each ecosystem, this definitive work will be indispensable for natural resource management and conservation professionals as well as for undergraduate or graduate students of CaliforniaÕs environment and curious naturalists.
Book Synopsis Wind Stress and Wind Stress Curl Over the California Current by : Craig S. Nelson
Download or read book Wind Stress and Wind Stress Curl Over the California Current written by Craig S. Nelson and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Numerical Study of Seasonal Wind Forcing Effects on the California Current System by : Ross P. Mitchell
Download or read book A Numerical Study of Seasonal Wind Forcing Effects on the California Current System written by Ross P. Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A high-resolution, multi-level, primitive equation ocean model is used to examine the response of an idealized, flat-bottomed, eastern boundary oceanic regime on a beta-plane to both steady and seasonally-varying climatological wind forcing. The focus of the study is the California Current System along the coastal region, from 35 deg N to 45 deg N, off the Western United States. With steady equatorward wind forcing, a surface equatorward current and poleward undercurrent develop. Eddies form around days 60 and 7 with initial development in the northern region of the domain. The strong meandering current continues to grow throughout the 360 days of model time and can produce eddies that have wavelengths up to 200 km and can propagate at least -200 km offshore. When the alongshore component of the temporally averaged seasonally varying climatological wind forcing is used, there is a weak poleward undercurrent and equatorward surface current. There is weak upwelling and very little eddy activity with the eddies only propagating to -100 km offshore. When alongshore component of the time-dependent wind forcing with spatial variability in latitude is used, a surface equatorward jet, poleward undercurrent and eddies are generated. The eddies form throughout the domain in this experiment due to a competition between the 0-plan effect and the continuous and stronger equatorward wind forcing in the southern portion of the domain. The eddies in this experiment propagate at least -150 km from shore.
Book Synopsis Lagrangian Measurements of Eddy Characteristics in the California Current System by : James Gary Sires
Download or read book Lagrangian Measurements of Eddy Characteristics in the California Current System written by James Gary Sires and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the Eastern Boundary Current program in 1993, 96 Argos-tracked surface drifters, drogued to 15 m depth, and satellite thermal imagery were used to provide a description of the mesoscale features in the California Current System off the northern California coast. The drifter movements and satellite images revealed a highly energetic series of filaments and eddies that dominated the summer flow field off the coast, similar to those noted in the earlier CODE, OPTOMA, and CTZ studies. Winter mesoscale activity in the region was less energetic, with the principle feature being the poleward-flowing Davidson Current. Translation rates for mesoscale eddies were deduced from drifter trajectories in the summer period. Translation rates, vorticity, divergence and eddy center positions were also estimated for a cyclone and anticylone sampled in July and September, respectively, by constraining observed drifter velocities to a linear Taylor expansion in the least square sense. Translation rates from this technique were similar to those observed from previous shipboard surveys and drifter motions. Using observations over 7 (12) days, the cyclonic (anticyclonic) eddy was determined to have a translation rate of 3.7 (4.2) cm/s to the southwest. The least square technique, applied to shorter time periods, however, provided unreliable estimates of eddy properties when drifters were not evenly distributed around the eddy.
Book Synopsis The Early Stages of Fishes in the California Current Region by : H. Geoffrey Moser
Download or read book The Early Stages of Fishes in the California Current Region written by H. Geoffrey Moser and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sustainable Water and Environmental Management in the California Bay-Delta by : National Research Council
Download or read book Sustainable Water and Environmental Management in the California Bay-Delta written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-10-01 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extensively modified over the last century and a half, California's San Francisco Bay Delta Estuary remains biologically diverse and functions as a central element in California's water supply system. Uncertainties about the future, actions taken under the federal Endangered Species Act (ESA) and companion California statues, and lawsuits have led to conflict concerning the timing and amount of water that can be diverted from the Delta for agriculture, municipal, and industrial purposes and concerning how much water is needed to protect the Delta ecosystem and its component species. Sustainable Water and Environmental Management in the California Bay-Delta focuses on scientific questions, assumptions, and conclusions underlying water-management alternatives and reviews the initial public draft of the Bay Delta Conservation Plan in terms of adequacy of its use of science and adaptive management. In addition, this report identifies the factors that may be contributing to the decline of federally listed species, recommend future water-supple and delivery options that reflect proper consideration of climate change and compatibility with objectives of maintaining a sustainable Bay-Delta ecosystem, advises what degree of restoration of the Delta system is likely to be attainable, and provides metrics that can be used by resource managers to measure progress toward restoration goals.
Book Synopsis Spatial Structures of Optical Parameters in the California Current as Measured with the Nimbus-7 Coastal Zone Color Scanner by : John T. McMurtrie
Download or read book Spatial Structures of Optical Parameters in the California Current as Measured with the Nimbus-7 Coastal Zone Color Scanner written by John T. McMurtrie and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ocean Modeling in an Eddying Regime by : Matthew W. Hecht
Download or read book Ocean Modeling in an Eddying Regime written by Matthew W. Hecht and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-30 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 177. This monograph is the first to survey progress in realistic simulation in a strongly eddying regime made possible by recent increases in computational capability. Its contributors comprise the leading researchers in this important and constantly evolving field. Divided into three parts Oceanographic Processes and Regimes: Fundamental Questions Ocean Dynamics and State: From Regional to Global Scale, and Modeling at the Mesoscale: State of the Art and Future Directions The volume details important advances in physical oceanography based on eddy resolving ocean modeling. It captures the state of the art and discusses issues that ocean modelers must consider in order to effectively contribute to advancing current knowledge, from subtleties of the underlying fluid dynamical equations to meaningful comparison with oceanographic observations and leading-edge model development. It summarizes many of the important results which have emerged from ocean modeling in an eddying regime, for those interested broadly in the physical science. More technical topics are intended to address the concerns of those actively working in the field.
Book Synopsis High Frequency Subsurface Langrangian Measurements in the California Current with Rafos Floats by : Kirk R. Benson
Download or read book High Frequency Subsurface Langrangian Measurements in the California Current with Rafos Floats written by Kirk R. Benson and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study presents float observations from four RAFOS floats that were deployed off central California for a twenty-three day period as part of a Tomography Demonstration Experiment. These floats, which sampled hourly, were used to investigate float characteristics and the navigational accuracy of current processing techniques. An ordinary mean least square method is proposed to mathematically estimate values for random and systematic errors, producing navigational trajectories which compliment previous methods when determining the most probable solution of the float trajectory. Potential sources of error in the navigational solution are examined, as well as the importance of float/ source geometry on position accuracy. It was determined that these floats supported previous studies of the California Current System, and proposes that the California Undercurrent may in fact be wider and deeper that previously suspected. (AN).
Book Synopsis The Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sound Speed in the California Current System Off Monterey, California by : John George Hughes
Download or read book The Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sound Speed in the California Current System Off Monterey, California written by John George Hughes and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Distribution and Abundance of Sardine and Anchovy Larvae in the California Current Region Off California and Baja, California, 1951-64 by : Elbert H. Ahlstrom
Download or read book Distribution and Abundance of Sardine and Anchovy Larvae in the California Current Region Off California and Baja, California, 1951-64 written by Elbert H. Ahlstrom and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Historical and Oceanographic Influences on Phylogeography in the California Current Ecosystem and Applications to Management of Marine Species by : Alison Jane Haupt
Download or read book Historical and Oceanographic Influences on Phylogeography in the California Current Ecosystem and Applications to Management of Marine Species written by Alison Jane Haupt and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overarching theme of my thesis is to explore patterns of larval dispersal as they relate to management of fished marine species. I employed a case study of two species: Megastraea undosa and Parastichopus parvimensis to investigate patterns of phylogeography and assess relative scales of dispersal for these two species which are fished in both California, USA and Baja California, MEX. To examine how some generalities for many species can be made for a specific geographic area, I reviewed all existing phylogeographic studies around Cape Mendocino, CA. Dispersal at a snail's pace: Strong genetic structure in the fisheries gastropod Megastaea undosa. Information about larval dispersal is necessary for effective management of fisheries. Population genetics are often employed to assess dispersal, but these data also carry artifacts from the evolutionary history of a species. I assessed historical and modern demography of the wavy top snail, Megastraea undosa, a marine snail that is fished in California, USA and Baja California, Mexico. Genetic structure at the COI mtDNA locus is strikingly high, with large shifts in haplotype frequencies between southern Baja and southern California. Coalescent-based modeling of genetic data suggests that the population has limited dispersal throughout the range and underwent a northward range expansion after the last glacial maximum. I conclude that both historical and contemporary processes affect observed patterns of phylogeography in M. undosa. Consideration of the evolutionary history of target species allows for a more accurate interpretation of genetic data for management. iv Subtle genetic structure in the commercially fished warty sea cucumber, Parastichopus parvimensis. The warty sea cucumber, P. parvimensis, is fished commercially in both California, USA and Baja California, Mexico but little is known about the status of the fisheries or if separate stocks exist. P. parvimensis has a long pelagic larval duration of 50-90 days, which may translate to high connectivity throughout the species range (Monterey, CA, USA to Bahía Asuncion, BCS, Mexico). I examined phylogeographic patterns at the COI mtDNA locus and five microsatellite loci throughout the range of P. parvimensis and was particularly interested in patterns associated with the potential phylogeographic barriers of Point Conception, CA, USA and Punta Eugenia, BCS, MEX. I found no structure associated with Point Conception, but subtle genetic structure at both types of loci for Punta Eugenia, which may be mechanistically explained by oceanographic patterns. These data have important implications for management of the sea cucumber fishery and indicate that populations south of Punta Eugenia likely do not receive biologically meaningful input of larvae from northern populations to supplement the local fishery. Concordant phylogeographic patterns associated with the major headland of Cape Mendocino in northern California. Most coastlines are non-linear and headlands such as Cape Mendocino may interact with oceanographic processes to create barriers to dispersal. Though Cape Mendocino is a prominent headland, it has been largely ignored in the phylogeographic literature, which focuses instead on Point Conception in southern California. I reviewed and synthesized phylogeographic studies that include sampling sites north and south of Cape Mendocino and discuss the v oceanography and topography of the cape as potential mechanistic drivers of larval dispersal patterns. Slightly more than half (24 out of 46) of the surveyed species that showed significant genetic structure around this headland, which suggests that this headland may be an important barrier to dispersal and may limit connectivity between northern and central California. If populations north of Cape Mendocino have higher connectivity with populations in Oregon than with those in central California, marine spatial planning must occur at a multi-state scale to reach marine conservation goals.
Download or read book Ocean Currents written by Robert Marsh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-06-30 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean Currents: Physical Drivers in a Changing World opens with a general introduction to the character, measurement, and simulation of ocean currents, leading to a physical and dynamical framework for understanding the wide variety of flows encountered in the oceans. The book comprises chapters covering distinct aspects of contrasting ocean currents: broad and slow, deep and shallow, narrow and swift, large scale and small scale, low latitudes and high latitudes, and moving in horizontal and vertical planes. Through this approach the authors cover a wide range of applications, from local to global, with considerable geographical context. Provides analyses of ocean observations and numerical model simulations, highlighting the pathways and drift associated with ocean currents, around the World Ocean, linked to online exercises for instructors and students that extend this perspective Presents applications to natural phenomena, showing how ocean currents shape marine ecosystems, helping researchers understand the distribution and adaptation of life in the oceans Addresses societal challenges, specifically how ocean currents disperse pollutants (e.g. plastic) from coastal sources and how the global ocean circulation is central to our changing climate, helping students and researchers develop an interdisciplinary approach to global environmental change
