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The Calculation Of Marginal Effective Tax Rates
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Book Synopsis The Encyclopedia of Taxation & Tax Policy by : Joseph J. Cordes
Download or read book The Encyclopedia of Taxation & Tax Policy written by Joseph J. Cordes and published by The Urban Insitute. This book was released on 2005 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "From adjusted gross income to zoning and property taxes, the second edition of The Encyclopedia of Taxation and Tax Policy offers the best and most complete guide to taxes and tax-related issues. More than 150 tax practitioners and administrators, policymakers, and academics have contributed. The result is a unique and authoritative reference that examines virtually all tax instruments used by governments (individual income, corporate income, sales and value-added, property, estate and gift, franchise, poll, and many variants of these taxes), as well as characteristics of a good tax system, budgetary issues, and many current federal, state, local, and international tax policy issues. The new edition has been completely revised, with 40 new topics and 200 articles reflecting six years of legislative changes. Each essay provides the generalist with a quick and reliable introduction to many topics but also gives tax specialists the benefit of other experts' best thinking, in a manner that makes the complex understandable. Reference lists point the reader to additional sources of information for each topic. The first edition of The Encyclopedia of Taxation and Tax Policy was selected as an Outstanding Academic Book of the Year (1999) by Choice magazine."--Publisher's website.
Book Synopsis The Calculation of Marginal Effective Tax Rates by : Mario Mansour
Download or read book The Calculation of Marginal Effective Tax Rates written by Mario Mansour and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this working paper is to describe the methodology used to undertake the marginal effective tax rate (METR) calculations contained in the final report issued by the Technical Committee on Business Taxation. The data underlying the computations are also described and presented, as are various illustrative calculations that supplement the cases covered by the effective tax rates presented in the Technical Committee's report. The model used to calculate the METRs updates, and expands on, earlier Canadian work. The main extensions to the model are: for METRs on tangible capital, incorporation of federal and provincial capital taxes, and provincial sales taxes on capital inputs, in addition to federal and provincial corporate income taxes; METRs on research and development (R&D), labour, and total production cost; METRs for non-tax-paying firms; and finally, METRs on tangible and intangible capital using industry-specific debt-asset ratios. These additions allow for an analysis of METRs on a broader range of production inputs and accounting for a larger variety of federal and provincial taxes. This has become more relevant for the study of the impact of taxation, given the increase in the relative importance of taxes that are not sensitive to profits (i.e. payroll and capital taxes). The METRs for the current Canadian corporate tax system vary across firm size, asset type and industries. Generally, small firms face lower METRs than large firms, regardless of the type of investment they make. Investments in machinery, R&D, and exploration and development (E&D) are subject to lower METRs than investment in structures, land and inventories, and METRs on labour are appreciably lower than METRs on capital (except R&D). Finally, a comparison of METRs across industries shows that, in general, service industries are treated less favourably than manufacturing and resource industries. Also provided, to allow international comparisons, is a calculation of METRs on tangible capital in the G-7 countries and Mexico. Canadian METRs on tangible capital are generally lower than those in Germany, Italy and Japan, but higher than those in the rest of the G-7 countries and Mexico. However, investment in manufacturing equipment is treated more favourably in Canada than in most of the other G-7 countries, including the United States, and investment in R&D is treated more favourably in Canada than in the United States. Finally, a simulation of the Technical Committee's policy package shows that the Committee's recommendations would result in little change in the overall level of METRs, but that the variation in METRs would be reduced substantially, especially those across industries.
Book Synopsis Analyzing Taxes on Business Income with the Marginal Effective Tax Rate Model by : David Dunn
Download or read book Analyzing Taxes on Business Income with the Marginal Effective Tax Rate Model written by David Dunn and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many countries tax business income. Often the statutory tax rate differs substantially from the effective tax rate because of the many features involved in calculating taxable income and the frequent use of credits and other taxes on investment. The marginal effective tax rate (METR) model was developed for calculating the effective tax rates implied by business tax systems in developing countries. METR reveals some interesting patterns for ordinary tax systems : 1) with zero inflation, the statutory tax rate closely approximates the effective tax rate for ordinary tax systems. But at moderate rates of inflation, this approximation deteriorates; 2) indexation restores the close relationship between the effective tax rate and the statutory rate; 3) investment incentives reduce the effective tax rates, but incentive strengths depend on some fine points in tax calculations; and 4) effective tax rates tend to fall when the initial investment is partially financed with debt. This paper's goal is to make METR more widely available to individuals responsible for analysis of taxes on business income. By working with the model while progressing through the paper, the reader should soon be able to design and perform his own studies using METR.
Book Synopsis The Calculation of Marginal Effective Tax Rates [electronic Resource] by : Kenneth J. (Kenneth James) McKenzie
Download or read book The Calculation of Marginal Effective Tax Rates [electronic Resource] written by Kenneth J. (Kenneth James) McKenzie and published by The Committee. This book was released on 1998 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tax Reform and the Cost of Capital by : Dale Weldeau Jorgenson
Download or read book Tax Reform and the Cost of Capital written by Dale Weldeau Jorgenson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction -- Taxation of income from capital -- The U.S. tax system -- Effective tax rates -- Summary and conclusion.
Book Synopsis Average Marginal Tax Rates from Social Security and the Individual Income Tax by : Robert J. Barro
Download or read book Average Marginal Tax Rates from Social Security and the Individual Income Tax written by Robert J. Barro and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We extend previous estimates of the average marginal tax rate from the federal individual income tax to include social security "contributions." The social security tax is a flat-rate levy on labor earnings (and income from self-employment) up to a ceiling value of earnings. Our computations consider first, the tax rates on employers, employees and the self-employed; second the amounts of income that accrue to persons with earnings below the ceiling; and third, the effective deductibility of employer's social security contributions from workers' taxable income. We find that the net impact of social security on the average marginal tax rate is below .02 until 1966, but than rises to .03 in 1968, .04 in 1973, .05 in 1974,and .06 in 1979. Thus, since 1965, the overall average marginal tax rate rises more rapidly than that from the income tax alone. In 1980 this overall rate is 36%. We note that, in comparison with the income tax, the social security levy generates 3-4 times as much revenue per unit of contribution to the average marginal tax rate. The social security tax is relatively "efficient" because first, it is a flat-rate tax (rather than a graduated one) for earnings below the ceiling, and second, there is a zero marginal tax rate at the top. However, the last feature has become less important in recent years. The rapid increase in the ceiling on earnings raised the fraction of total salaries and wages accruing to persons with earnings below the ceiling from 29% in 1965 to 68% in 1982.
Book Synopsis The Taxation of Income from Capital by : Mervyn A. King
Download or read book The Taxation of Income from Capital written by Mervyn A. King and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-06-15 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taxation—both corporate and personal—has been held responsible for the low investment and productivity growth rates experienced in the West during the last decade. This book, a comparative study of the taxation of income from capital in the United States, the United Kingdom, Sweden, and West Germany, establishes for the first time a common framework for analysis that permits accurate comparison of tax systems.
Book Synopsis Issues in the Measurement and Interpretation of Effective Tax Rates by : David F. Bradford
Download or read book Issues in the Measurement and Interpretation of Effective Tax Rates written by David F. Bradford and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marginal effective tax rates on investment that are derived from the user cost of capital are nowadays widely used practically to assess the effects of capital taxation. In this paper, we examine several troublesome issues in the construction and use of marginal effective tax rates and user costs of capital. Our comments fall into two classes. In the first are concerns about the adequacy of the current generation of models of capital-market equilibrium, into which marginal effective tax rates (user costs) are incorporated. In the second are concerns about the appropriateness of the assumption, implicit and nearly universal in marginal effective tax rate calculations, that investors expect a given tax code to remain unchanged forever. We show that effects of current changes in the law on expectations about future changes may undo or even reverse the effects predicted by traditionally calculated effective tax rates.
Book Synopsis Mergers, Acquisitions, and Other Restructuring Activities by : Donald DePamphilis
Download or read book Mergers, Acquisitions, and Other Restructuring Activities written by Donald DePamphilis and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-08-22 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two strengths distinguish this textbook from others. One is its presentation of subjects in the contexts wherein they occur. The other is its use of current events. Other improvements have shortened and simplified chapters, increased the numbers and types of pedagogical supplements, and expanded the international appeal of examples.
Book Synopsis The White Coat Investor by : James M. Dahle
Download or read book The White Coat Investor written by James M. Dahle and published by White Coat Investor LLC the. This book was released on 2014-01 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a practicing emergency physician, The White Coat Investor is a high-yield manual that specifically deals with the financial issues facing medical students, residents, physicians, dentists, and similar high-income professionals. Doctors are highly-educated and extensively trained at making difficult diagnoses and performing life saving procedures. However, they receive little to no training in business, personal finance, investing, insurance, taxes, estate planning, and asset protection. This book fills in the gaps and will teach you to use your high income to escape from your student loans, provide for your family, build wealth, and stop getting ripped off by unscrupulous financial professionals. Straight talk and clear explanations allow the book to be easily digested by a novice to the subject matter yet the book also contains advanced concepts specific to physicians you won't find in other financial books. This book will teach you how to: Graduate from medical school with as little debt as possible Escape from student loans within two to five years of residency graduation Purchase the right types and amounts of insurance Decide when to buy a house and how much to spend on it Learn to invest in a sensible, low-cost and effective manner with or without the assistance of an advisor Avoid investments which are designed to be sold, not bought Select advisors who give great service and advice at a fair price Become a millionaire within five to ten years of residency graduation Use a "Backdoor Roth IRA" and "Stealth IRA" to boost your retirement funds and decrease your taxes Protect your hard-won assets from professional and personal lawsuits Avoid estate taxes, avoid probate, and ensure your children and your money go where you want when you die Minimize your tax burden, keeping more of your hard-earned money Decide between an employee job and an independent contractor job Choose between sole proprietorship, Limited Liability Company, S Corporation, and C Corporation Take a look at the first pages of the book by clicking on the Look Inside feature Praise For The White Coat Investor "Much of my financial planning practice is helping doctors to correct mistakes that reading this book would have avoided in the first place." - Allan S. Roth, MBA, CPA, CFP(R), Author of How a Second Grader Beats Wall Street "Jim Dahle has done a lot of thinking about the peculiar financial problems facing physicians, and you, lucky reader, are about to reap the bounty of both his experience and his research." - William J. Bernstein, MD, Author of The Investor's Manifesto and seven other investing books "This book should be in every career counselor's office and delivered with every medical degree." - Rick Van Ness, Author of Common Sense Investing "The White Coat Investor provides an expert consult for your finances. I now feel confident I can be a millionaire at 40 without feeling like a jerk." - Joe Jones, DO "Jim Dahle has done for physician financial illiteracy what penicillin did for neurosyphilis." - Dennis Bethel, MD "An excellent practical personal finance guide for physicians in training and in practice from a non biased source we can actually trust." - Greg E Wilde, M.D Scroll up, click the buy button, and get started today!
Book Synopsis Measuring the Tax Burden on Capital and Labor by : Peter Birch Sørensen
Download or read book Measuring the Tax Burden on Capital and Labor written by Peter Birch Sørensen and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The highly complicated nature of modern tax codes mean economists and policy makers need simplified summary measures to understand how taxes affect the economy. Studies of what is known as the effective tax rate - that is, a measurement of the net amount of tax levied on certain economic activities - provide this sort of descriptive summary. With these estimates of effective tax rates, economists can look for evidence of how taxes affect economic behaviour and policy makers can evaluate whether the net outcome of all the different tax laws is in accord with their intentions. Globalisation, with its accompanying international mobility of capital and labor, has created a new use for estimates of the effective tax rate as policy makers seek to compare tax burdens in one country with those in another.
Book Synopsis Financial Management for Small Businesses by : Steven D. Hanson
Download or read book Financial Management for Small Businesses written by Steven D. Hanson and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Computing Effective Tax Rates on Factor Incomes and Consumption by : Enrique G. Mendoza
Download or read book Computing Effective Tax Rates on Factor Incomes and Consumption written by Enrique G. Mendoza and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Firm Lower Bound: Characteristics and Impact of Corporate Minimum Taxation by : Aqib Aslam
Download or read book A Firm Lower Bound: Characteristics and Impact of Corporate Minimum Taxation written by Aqib Aslam and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the role of minimum taxes and attempts to quantify their impact on economic activity. Minimum taxes can be effective at shoring up the corporate tax base and enhancing the perceived equity of the tax system, potentially motivating broader taxpayer compliance. Where political and administrative constraints prevent reforms to the standard corporate income tax, a minimum tax can help mitigate base erosion from excessive tax incentives and avoidance. Using a new panel dataset that catalogues changes in minimum tax regimes over time around the world, firm-level analysis suggests that the introduction or reform of a minimum tax is associated with an increase in the average effective tax rate of just over 1.5 percentage points with respect to turnover and of around 10 percent with respect to operating income. Minimum taxes based on modified corporate income lead to the largest increases in effective tax rates, followed by those based on assets and turnover.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Computable General Equilibrium Modeling by : Peter B. Dixon
Download or read book Handbook of Computable General Equilibrium Modeling written by Peter B. Dixon and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-11-14 with total page 1143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this collection of 17 articles, top scholars synthesize and analyze scholarship on this widely used tool of policy analysis, setting forth its accomplishments, difficulties, and means of implementation. Though CGE modeling does not play a prominent role in top US graduate schools, it is employed universally in the development of economic policy. This collection is particularly important because it presents a history of modeling applications and examines competing points of view. Presents coherent summaries of CGE theories that inform major model types Covers the construction of CGE databases, model solving, and computer-assisted interpretation of results Shows how CGE modeling has made a contribution to economic policy
Download or read book Taxing Wages 2020 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2020-04-30 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This annual publication provides details of taxes paid on wages in OECD countries. It covers personal income taxes and social security contributions paid by employees, social security contributions and payroll taxes paid by employers, and cash benefits received by workers.
Book Synopsis Oregon Blue Book by : Oregon. Office of the Secretary of State
Download or read book Oregon Blue Book written by Oregon. Office of the Secretary of State and published by . This book was released on 1895 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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