The Amaranth Genome

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The Amaranth Genome

Author : Dinesh Adhikary
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030723658
Total Pages : 181 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis The Amaranth Genome by : Dinesh Adhikary

Download or read book The Amaranth Genome written by Dinesh Adhikary and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-01 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the development of genetic resources in amaranths, with a major focus on genomics, reverse, and forward genetics tools and strategies that have been developed for crop improvement. Amaranth is an ancient crop native to the New World. Interest in amaranths is being renewed, due to their adaptability, stress tolerance, and nutritional value. There are about 65 species in the genus, including Amaranthus caudatus L., A. cruentus L., and A. hypochondriacus L., which are primarily grown as protein-rich grains or pseudocereals. The genus also includes major noxious weeds (e.g., A. palmeri). The amaranths are within the Caryophyllales order and thus many species (e.g., A. tricolor) produce red (betacyanin) or yellow (betaxanthin) betalain pigments, which are chemically distinct from the anthocyanins responsible for red pigmentation in other plants. A. hypochondriacus, which shows disomic inheritance (2n = 32; n= 466 Mb), has been sequenced and annotated with 23,059 protein-coding genes. Additional members of the genus are now also been sequenced including weedy amaranths, other grain amaranths, and their putative progenitors.

The Amaranth (amaranthus Hypochondriacus) Genome

Author : Jared William Clouse
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis The Amaranth (amaranthus Hypochondriacus) Genome by : Jared William Clouse

Download or read book The Amaranth (amaranthus Hypochondriacus) Genome written by Jared William Clouse and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amaranthus hypochondriacus is an emerging pseudo-cereal native to the New World which has garnered increased attention in recent years due to its nutritional quality, in particular its seed protein, and more specifically its high levels of the essential amino acid lysine. It belongs to the Amaranthaceae family, is an ancient paleotetraploid that shows amphidiploid inheritance (2n=32), and has an estimated genome size of 466 Mb. Here we present a high-quality draft 377 Mb in 3,518 scaffolds with an N50 of 371 kb. Repetitive element analysis predicted that 48% common classified retrotransposon. A transcriptome, consisting of 66,370 contigs, was assembled from eight different tissue and abiotic stress libraries. Annotation of the genome identified 23,059 genes that were supported by our de novo transcriptome assembly, the RefBeet 1.1 gene index and the Uniprot_sprot database. To describe the genetic diversity within the grain amaranths (A. hypochondriacus. A. caudatus, and A. cruentus) and their putative progenitor (A. hybridus) we re-sequenced seven accessions in the genus Amaranthus (four A. hypochondriacus, and one of each A. caudatus, A. cruentus, and A. hybridus), which identified 7,184,636 and 1,760,433 interspecific and intraspecific single nucleotide polymorphisms, respectively. A phylogeny analysis of the re-sequenced accessions substantiated the classification of A. hybridus hypochondriacus using the BioNano optical mapping platform. The physical map spanned 340 Mb and a hybrid assembly using the BioNano optical mapping platform. The physical map spanned 340 Mb and a hybrid assembly using the BioNano optical genome maps nearly doubled the N50 of the assembly to 697 kb. Moreover, we analyzed synteny between amaranth and Beta vulgaris (sugar beet) and estimated, using Ks analysis, the age of the most recent polyploidization event in amaranth.

Amaranthus: A Promising Crop of Future

Author : Saubhik Das
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811014698
Total Pages : 213 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Amaranthus: A Promising Crop of Future by : Saubhik Das

Download or read book Amaranthus: A Promising Crop of Future written by Saubhik Das and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-25 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book serves the larger community of plant researchers working on the taxonomy, species delimitation, phylogeny, and biogeography of pseudo-cereals, with a special emphasis on amaranths. It also provides extensive information on the nutritive value of underutilized pseudo-cereals, the goal being to broaden the vegetable list. Amaranthus is a cosmopolitan genus of annual or short-lived perennial plants. Most of the species are summer annual weeds and are commonly referred to as pigweed. Only a few are cultivated as vitamin-rich vegetables and ornamentals. The protein-rich seeds of a handful of species, known as grain amaranths, are consumed as pseudo-cereals. Amaranthusmanifests considerable morphological diversity among and even within certain species, and there is no general agreement on the taxonomy or number of species. Currently the genus Amaranthus is believed to include three recognized subgenera and 70 species. Amatanthus is considered to potentially offer an alternative crop in temperate and tropical climate. The classification of amaranths is ambiguous due to the lack of discrete and quantitative species-defining characteristics and the wide range of phenotypic plasticity, as well as introgression and hybridization involving weedy and crop species. It is a known fact that both vegetable and grain amaranths have evolved from their respective weed progenitors. There are more than 180 different weed species that are herbicide-resistant, and amaranths are considered to be leading members of the resistant biotypes. Amaranth species provide ample scope for investigating herbicide resistance mechanisms. Amaranths also show variability in terms of their mating behavior and germplasm, adaptability to different growing conditions, and wide range of variability in sexual systems, from monoecy to dioecy. A solid grasp of these parameters is essential to the future utilization of amaranths as super crops. There are quite a few amaranth research center and germplasm collections all over the world that maintain and evaluate working germplasms. To date, the genetic improvement of amaranths has primarily involved the application of conventional selection methods. But advances in genomics and biotechnology have dramatically enriched the potential to manipulate the amaranth genome, especially improving the amount and availability of nutrients. In conclusion, the book covers all aspects of amaranths, including their food value, significance as vegetables and pseudo-cereals, taxonomy, phylogeny, germplasm variability, breeding behavior and strategies, cultivation practices, and variability in terms of their sexual systems. It offers a valuable resource for all students, researchers and experts working in the field of plant taxonomy and diversity.

Development and Characterization of Microsatellite Markers for the Grain Amaranths (Amaranthus Spp. L.)

Author : Melanie Ann Mallory
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 89 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (367 download)

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Book Synopsis Development and Characterization of Microsatellite Markers for the Grain Amaranths (Amaranthus Spp. L.) by : Melanie Ann Mallory

Download or read book Development and Characterization of Microsatellite Markers for the Grain Amaranths (Amaranthus Spp. L.) written by Melanie Ann Mallory and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The grain amaranths (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L., A. cruentus L., and A. caudatus L.) are important pseudocereals native to the Americas that have received increased attention for their nutritional content, specifically their balance of amino acids. The objective of this project was to produce and characterize a set of highly informative, reproducible microsatellite markers for the grain amaranths. A total of 1457 clones were sequenced from three genomic libraries enriched for the microsatellite motifs AAC, AAT and AC. Of these, 353 (24%) contained unique microsatellites. An additional 29 microsatellite loci were identified among 728 BAC-end sequences of a newly developed amaranth BAC library. Flanking primers were designed for 319 of the microsatellite loci and all were screened on a panel of diverse amaranths, including grain and weedy Amaranthus species. A total of 179 (56%) microsatellites were polymorphic across accessions from the three grain amaranths. Among these polymorphic microsatellite loci, a total of 731 alleles were identified with average of four alleles per locus. Heterozygosity values ranged from 0.14 to 0.83 with a mean value of 0.62. Thirty-seven (21%) of the markers were polymorphic between the parents of a segregating population and were shown to be inherited in a normal Mendelian fashion based on chi-squared analysis, demonstrating the utility of these markers for linkage mapping of the amaranth genome. Phylogenetic analysis using the marker data showed A. hybridus accessions in two of the three major grain amaranth clades, suggesting the polyphyletic evolution of the three cultivated species from different A. hybridus ancestors. The microsatellite markers reported here will be useful for further evaluating the relationships among the grain amaranths and their relatives and are an ideal resource for use in marker-assisted breeding programs, germplasm analysis and varietal identification. The transferability of these markers to A. hybridus, A. powellii, and A. retroflexus as reported here suggests that the markers may be useful to other species with the genus Amaranthus, including economically important weeds, vegetable amaranths, and ornamentals.

The Amaranth Chronicles

Author : Alexander Barnes
Publisher : Inkshares
ISBN 13 : 1947848011
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (478 download)

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Book Synopsis The Amaranth Chronicles by : Alexander Barnes

Download or read book The Amaranth Chronicles written by Alexander Barnes and published by Inkshares. This book was released on 2017-11-14 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Helix was meant to be a revolution, but even the most pure of intentions can spawn terrible evil, and the revolution of information and innovation they hoped for may not be the one they get.

Amaranth Biology, Chemistry, and Technology

Author : Octavio Paredes-Lopez
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351086502
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Amaranth Biology, Chemistry, and Technology by : Octavio Paredes-Lopez

Download or read book Amaranth Biology, Chemistry, and Technology written by Octavio Paredes-Lopez and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-10 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to amaranth, a plant to which 45 species are indigenous to the Mesoamerican region and 10 others originated in Africa, Asia, and Europe. Amaranth was the foundation of the extensive North and South American ancient civilizations and is still important in the agriculture of more recent Indian cultures. However, this plant nearly disappeared after the Spanish conquest. In view of the outstanding agronomic performance of the plant and the high nutritional value of the grain, it is now becoming an important crop in various regions of the world. Progress in the utilization of amaranth is directly related to scientific and technical information on its biological, physical, and chemical properties. Amaranth: Biology, Chemistry, and Technology begins with a chapter on the use of tissue culture, molecular biology, and genetic engineering techniques for crop improvement. The next few chapters deal with classical genetics, traditional plant breeding, and plant physiology. Following chapters review the properties of storage and leaf proteins, carbohydrates (especially starch), and seed oil. The potential of amaranth for new food products and popping is discussed, and commercialization and marketing of amaranth and its products are described. The book also emphasizes the outstanding nutritional properties of amaranth.

Lost Crops of Africa

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309164540
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Lost Crops of Africa by : National Research Council

Download or read book Lost Crops of Africa written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-10-27 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report is the second in a series of three evaluating underexploited African plant resources that could help broaden and secure Africa's food supply. The volume describes the characteristics of 18 little-known indigenous African vegetables (including tubers and legumes) that have potential as food- and cash-crops but are typically overlooked by scientists and policymakers and in the world at large. The book assesses the potential of each vegetable to help overcome malnutrition, boost food security, foster rural development, and create sustainable landcare in Africa. Each species is described in a separate chapter, based on information gathered from and verified by a pool of experts throughout the world. Volume I describes African grains and Volume III African fruits.

Abiotic and Biotic Stress in Plants

Author : Arun Shanker
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535122509
Total Pages : 770 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Abiotic and Biotic Stress in Plants by : Arun Shanker

Download or read book Abiotic and Biotic Stress in Plants written by Arun Shanker and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-02-17 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of global climate change on crop production has emerged as a major research priority during the past decade. Understanding abiotic stress factors such as temperature and drought tolerance and biotic stress tolerance traits such as insect pest and pathogen resistance in combination with high yield in plants is of paramount importance to counter climate change related adverse effects on the productivity of crops. In this multi-authored book, we present synthesis of information for developing strategies to combat plant stress. Our effort here is to present a judicious mixture of basic as well as applied research outlooks so as to interest workers in all areas of plant science. We trust that the information covered in this book would bridge the much-researched area of stress in plants with the much-needed information for evolving climate-ready crop cultivars to ensure food security in the future.

Characterisation of the Amaranth Genetic Resources in the Czech Gene Bank

Author : Dagmar Janovská
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Characterisation of the Amaranth Genetic Resources in the Czech Gene Bank by : Dagmar Janovská

Download or read book Characterisation of the Amaranth Genetic Resources in the Czech Gene Bank written by Dagmar Janovská and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Characterisation of the Amaranth Genetic Resources in the Czech Gene Bank.

Gene Drives on the Horizon

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309437873
Total Pages : 231 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Gene Drives on the Horizon by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Gene Drives on the Horizon written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-08-28 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on gene drive systems is rapidly advancing. Many proposed applications of gene drive research aim to solve environmental and public health challenges, including the reduction of poverty and the burden of vector-borne diseases, such as malaria and dengue, which disproportionately impact low and middle income countries. However, due to their intrinsic qualities of rapid spread and irreversibility, gene drive systems raise many questions with respect to their safety relative to public and environmental health. Because gene drive systems are designed to alter the environments we share in ways that will be hard to anticipate and impossible to completely roll back, questions about the ethics surrounding use of this research are complex and will require very careful exploration. Gene Drives on the Horizon outlines the state of knowledge relative to the science, ethics, public engagement, and risk assessment as they pertain to research directions of gene drive systems and governance of the research process. This report offers principles for responsible practices of gene drive research and related applications for use by investigators, their institutions, the research funders, and regulators.

Compendium of Crop Genome Designing for Nutraceuticals

Author : Chittaranjan Kole
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811941696
Total Pages : 1630 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis Compendium of Crop Genome Designing for Nutraceuticals by : Chittaranjan Kole

Download or read book Compendium of Crop Genome Designing for Nutraceuticals written by Chittaranjan Kole and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-01-15 with total page 1630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The crop plants cater not only to our basic F5 (food, feed, fiber, fuel, and furniture) needs but also provide a number of nutraceuticals with potential nutritional, safety and therapeutic properties. Many crop plants provide an array of minerals, vitamins, and antioxidant-rich bioactive phytochemicals. Increasing incidences of chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes and HIV, and malnutrition necessitate global attention to health and nutrition security with equal emphasis to food security. This compendium compiles results of researches on biochemical, physiological and genetic mechanisms underlying biosynthesis of the health and nutrition related nutraceuticals. It also explores the precise breeding strategies for augmentation of their content and amelioration of their quality in crop plants under all commodity categories including cereals and millets, oilseeds, pulses, fruits and nuts, and vegetables. The compendium comprise 5 sections dedicated to these 5 commodity groups and presents enumeration on the concepts, strategies, tools and techniques of nutraceutomics. These sections include 50 chapters devoted to even number of major crop plants. These chapters present deliberations on the biochemistry and medicinal properties of the nutracuticals contained; genetic variation in their contents; classical genetics and breeding for their quantitative and qualitative improvement; tissue culture and genetic engineering for augmentation of productivity and quality; and sources of genes underlying their biosynthesis. They also include comprehensive enumeration on genetic mapping of the genes and QTLs controlling the contents and profile of the nutraceuticals and molecular breeding for their further improvement through marker assisted selection and backcross breeding tools. Prospects of post-genomic precise breeding strategies including genome-wide association mapping, genomic selection, allele mining, and genome editing are also discussed. This compendium fills the gap in academia, and research and development wings of the private sector industries interested in an array of subjects including genetics, genomics, tissue culture, genetic engineering, molecular breeding, genomics-assisted breeding, bioinformatics, biochemistry, physiology, pathology, entomology, pharmacognosy, IPR, etc., and will also facilitate understanding of the policy making agencies and people in the socio-economic domain and research sponsoring agencies.

Nutritional Value of Amaranth

Author : Viduranga Yashasvi Waisundara
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1838800832
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (388 download)

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Book Synopsis Nutritional Value of Amaranth by : Viduranga Yashasvi Waisundara

Download or read book Nutritional Value of Amaranth written by Viduranga Yashasvi Waisundara and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-03-18 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pseudocereals, belonging to the genus Amaranthus, have been cultivated for their grains for 8,000 years or more. The grain was a staple food of the Aztecs and was also considered an integral part of Aztec religious ceremonies. The book primarily focuses on the nutrient properties of amaranth and expresses its viewpoint in considering this crop as a remedy for many nutrient deficiencies and curbing food insecurity. The functional properties of the grain are immense and it is clear that the crop would be a valuable agricultural product around the world.

Genomic Designing for Biotic Stress Resistant Vegetable Crops

Author : Chittaranjan Kole
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030977854
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Genomic Designing for Biotic Stress Resistant Vegetable Crops by : Chittaranjan Kole

Download or read book Genomic Designing for Biotic Stress Resistant Vegetable Crops written by Chittaranjan Kole and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-02 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biotic stresses cause yield loss of 31-42% in crops in addition to 6-20% during post-harvest stage. Understanding interaction of crop plants to the biotic stresses caused by insects, bacteria, fungi, viruses, and oomycetes, etc. is important to develop resistant crop varieties. Knowledge on the advanced genetic and genomic crop improvement strategies including molecular breeding, transgenics, genomics-assisted breeding and the recently emerging genome editing for developing resistant varieties in vegetable crops is imperative for addressing FPNEE (food, health, nutrition. energy and environment) security. Whole genome sequencing of these crops followed by genotyping-by-sequencing have facilitated precise information about the genes conferring resistance useful for gene discovery, allele mining and shuttle breeding which in turn opened up the scope for 'designing' crop genomes with resistance to biotic stresses. The nine chapters each dedicated to a vegetable crop or crop-group in this volume will deliberate on different types of biotic stress agents and their effects on and interaction with crop plants; will enumerate on the available genetic diversity with regard to biotic stress resistance among available cultivars; illuminate on the potential gene pools for utilization in interspecific gene transfer; will brief on the classical genetics of stress resistance and traditional breeding for transferring them to their cultivated counterparts; will enunciate the success stories of genetic engineering for developing biotic stress resistant varieties; will discuss on molecular mapping of genes and QTLs underlying biotic stress resistance and their marker-assisted introgression into elite varieties; will enunciate on different emerging genomics-aided techniques including genomic selection, allele mining, gene discovery and gene pyramiding for developing resistant crop varieties with higher quantity and better quality; and will also elaborate some case studies on genome editing focusing on specific genes for generating disease and insect resistant crops.

Molecular Genetics of Glyphosate Resistance in Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri L.)

Author : Todd A. Gaines
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Molecular Genetics of Glyphosate Resistance in Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri L.) by : Todd A. Gaines

Download or read book Molecular Genetics of Glyphosate Resistance in Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri L.) written by Todd A. Gaines and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Amaranth

Author :
Publisher : National Academies
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (429 download)

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Book Synopsis Amaranth by :

Download or read book Amaranth written by and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1984 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amaranthaceae

Genomic Designing for Abiotic Stress Resistant Vegetable Crops

Author : Chittaranjan Kole
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031039645
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Genomic Designing for Abiotic Stress Resistant Vegetable Crops by : Chittaranjan Kole

Download or read book Genomic Designing for Abiotic Stress Resistant Vegetable Crops written by Chittaranjan Kole and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-21 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents deliberations on molecular and genomic mechanisms underlying the interactions of crop plants to the abiotic stresses caused by heat, cold, drought, flooding, submergence, salinity, acidity, etc., important to develop resistant crop varieties. Knowledge on the advanced genetic and genomic crop improvement strategies including molecular breeding, transgenics, genomic-assisted breeding, and the recently emerging genome editing for developing resistant varieties in vegetable crops is imperative for addressing FHNEE (food, health, nutrition, energy, and environment) security. Whole genome sequencing of these crops followed by genotyping-by-sequencing has provided precise information regarding the genes conferring resistance useful for gene discovery, allele mining, and shuttle breeding which in turn opened up the scope for 'designing' crop genomes with resistance to abiotic stresses. The nine chapters each dedicated to a vegetable crop or crop group in this volume elucidate on different types of abiotic stresses and their effects on and interaction with the crop; enumerate on the available genetic diversity with regard to abiotic stress resistance among available cultivars; illuminate on the potential gene pools for utilization in interspecific gene transfer; present brief on classical genetics of stress resistance and traditional breeding for transferring them to their cultivated counterparts; depict the success stories of genetic engineering for developing abiotic stress-resistant crop varieties; discuss on molecular mapping of genes and QTLs underlying stress resistance and their marker-assisted introgression into elite varieties; enunciate on different genomics-aided techniques including genomic selection, allele mining, gene discovery, and gene pyramiding for developing adaptive crop varieties with higher quantity and quality of yields, and also elaborate some case studies on genome editing focusing on specific genes for generating abiotic stress-resistant crops

Association Mapping in Plants

Author : Nnadozie C. Oraguzie
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387360115
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (873 download)

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Book Synopsis Association Mapping in Plants by : Nnadozie C. Oraguzie

Download or read book Association Mapping in Plants written by Nnadozie C. Oraguzie and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-06 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides both basic and advanced understanding of association mapping and an awareness of population genomics tools to facilitate mapping and identification of the underlying causes of quantitative trait variation in plants. It acts as a useful review of the marker technology, the statistical methodology, and the progress to date. It also offers guides to the use of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in association studies.