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Testing And Performance Of Steel Frame Wood Panel Shear Walls
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Book Synopsis Testing and Performance of Steel Frame Wood Panel Shear Walls by : Chang Yi Chen
Download or read book Testing and Performance of Steel Frame Wood Panel Shear Walls written by Chang Yi Chen and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This thesis has two main objectives. One is to investigate the performance characteristics of various configuration light gauge steel frame/wood panel shear walls under monotonic and reversed cyclic loading. The second is to recommend an effective analytical model, which relies on sheathing-to-framing connection test results and the mechanical properties of structural sheathing and steel frame members, to predict the resistance and deflection of shear walls subjected to lateral loads." --
Book Synopsis Testing and Analysis of Light Gauge Steel Frame /9 Mm OSB Wood Panel Shear Walls by : Caroline Blais
Download or read book Testing and Analysis of Light Gauge Steel Frame /9 Mm OSB Wood Panel Shear Walls written by Caroline Blais and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The use of light steel gauge framed walls in the residential and commercial sector is increasing in popularity. However, our knowledge of the performance and the behaviour of structures using such walls when subjected to lateral wind and seismic loads is limited. At present, no design method for light gauge steel shear walls is contained in Canadian codes or standards. For this reason a research project on steel frame/wood panel shear walls was undertaken." --
Book Synopsis Higher Capacity Cold-formed Steel Sheathed and Framed Shear Walls for Mid-rise Buildings by : Veronica Santos
Download or read book Higher Capacity Cold-formed Steel Sheathed and Framed Shear Walls for Mid-rise Buildings written by Veronica Santos and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The use of cold-formed steel (CFS) for seismic force-resisting systems (SFRS), including shear walls, has increased throughout the years. However, the design provisions for CFS sheathed and framed shear walls available in the North American CFS standards (AISI S400 and AISI S240) are limited by the shear walls' sheathing and framing thicknesses. Design guidelines for CFS sheathed and framed shear walls for the purpose of mid-rise construction (up to 5 storeys) are still absent from the standards. The main objective of this research program was to develop a design procedure for CFS sheathed and framed shear walls to achieve higher capacity and ductility to resist the higher forces experienced in mid-rise construction. The developed design procedure is proposed to be included in the provisions of the AISI S240 Standard and AISI S400 Standard.The design procedure was developed by determining the shear strength of full-scale shear wall specimens built and tested at McGill University under monotonic and cyclic loading protocols. A total of 31 specimens, with varying building parameters, were constructed using thicker sheathing and framing members than what is currently available for design. The specimens were built using two new shear wall configurations (double-sheathed and centre-sheathed) to address out-of-plane forces experienced by shear walls tested in previous research programs.The centre-sheathed shear wall configuration, with a confined and concentrically placed sheathing panel, reached a shear resistance four times higher than the design values tabulated in the current standards. The ductility of these CFS shear walls was also significantly improved. A preliminary equation-based nominal shear strength prediction method has been developed for the centre-sheathed shear walls; the method reflects the shear wall's different configuration and superior behaviour. Following the test data analysis, preliminary design parameters for Limit States Design (LSD) used in Canada and for Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) used in the USA and Mexico were determined, including the load resistance factor, f, and the factor of safety. In addition, capacity based design parameters were determined for seismic design in Canada. These parameters included the "test-based" seismic performance factors, Rd and Ro, which were found to be 2.8 and 1.5 respectively. The superior performance of the centre-sheathed configuration showed its promising potential as a new design option for higher capacity CFS shear walls. However, before a potential implementation into mid-rise construction, further research is needed in order for a complete design procedure to be developed. " --
Book Synopsis Advances in Engineering Structures, Mechanics & Construction by : M. Pandey
Download or read book Advances in Engineering Structures, Mechanics & Construction written by M. Pandey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-02-10 with total page 847 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings of an International Conference on Advances in Engineering Structures, Mechanics & Construction, held in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, May 14-17, 2006. The contents include contains the texts of all three plenary presentations and all seventy-three technical papers by more than 153 authors, presenting the latest advances in engineering structures, mechanics and construction research and practice.
Book Synopsis ASCE Standard, ASCE/SEI, 41-17, Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings by : American Society of Civil Engineers
Download or read book ASCE Standard, ASCE/SEI, 41-17, Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings written by American Society of Civil Engineers and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Standard ASCE/SEI 41-17 describes deficiency-based and systematic procedures that use performance-based principles to evaluate and retrofit existing buildings to withstand the effects of earthquakes.
Book Synopsis Fourth International Conference on Advances in Steel Structures by : Z Y Shen
Download or read book Fourth International Conference on Advances in Steel Structures written by Z Y Shen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-06-07 with total page 963 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two volume proceedings contains 11 invited keynote papers, 33 invited papers, and 225 contributed papers presented at the Fourth International Conference on Advances in Steel Structures (ICASS '05) held on 13-15 June 2005 in Shanghai, China. ICASS provides a forum for discussion and dissemination by researchers and designers of recent advances in the analysis, behaviour, design and construction of steel structures. Contributions to the papers came from 22 countries around the world and cover a wide spectrum of topics including: Constructional Steel, Hybrid Structures, Nonferrous Metals, Analysis of Beams and Columns, Computations, Frames, Design, Space Structures, Fabrication, along with a variety of other key subjects presented at the conference.
Book Synopsis Full Scale Testing and Development of Wood-steel Composite Shear Walls by : Kyle Gere Conrad
Download or read book Full Scale Testing and Development of Wood-steel Composite Shear Walls written by Kyle Gere Conrad and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Performance of Centre-sheathed Cold-formed Steel Framed Shear Walls Phase 2 by : Jia Cheng Wu
Download or read book Performance of Centre-sheathed Cold-formed Steel Framed Shear Walls Phase 2 written by Jia Cheng Wu and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "To enter into the construction market for mid-rise buildings, e.g. 5 to 8 storeys, the cold-formed steel (CFS) industry requires a solution to address the need to resist higher seismic shear forces. The proven performance of steel-sheathed shear walls is required to compete with hot-rolled steel lateral framing shear wall systems; i.e. all-steel shear wall configurations capable of carrying lateral loads in excess of 60 kN/m (4170 lb/ft). The American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) developed a design standard for cold-formed steel lateral framing systems, i.e. the AISI S400-15. This standard contains design information for shear walls with shear resistance values up to 30 kN/m (2085 lb/ft). Various solutions exist to increase the shear resistance of a CFS framed shear wall to a level appropriate for mid-rise buildings. For example, in shear walls with sheathing placed on both sides of the wall, torsional loading on the framing members was avoided, and hence the shear resistance was significantly increased. However, the ductility of the walls was not improved compared to previously run tests due to the sheathing pulling over the screw fasteners.A configuration in which the sheathing is placed at the mid-line of the framing, denoted the “centre-sheathed” shear wall, was recently developed through a laboratory test program. These walls were configured to centrally confine the sheathing within the framing, which resulted in the removal of torsional forces on the chord studs and provided for a substantial increase in both shear resistance and ductility in comparison with walls having external sheathing on both sides. The initial test walls proved to have higher shear resistance, i.e. over four times that currently found in the AISI S400-15, and could maintain this resistance to drifts exceeding 6%. However, the high shear forces posed difficulties in designing the perimeter framing members and attachments to the foundation given that the structure is composed of CFS with a maximum thickness of 2.5 mm. This second laboratory-based study was conducted to configure centre-sheathed walls to attain intermediate shear resistances but maintain the ability to carry load at high drift levels. In addition, tests were carried out on the bare frame structure to identify the added shear capacity provided by the specially detailed CFS perimeter frame. Further, connection tests were completed to address the need to develop bearing design equations for the double shear 3-ply screw connections that connect the sheathing to the frame, which is not currently addressed in any design standard on cold-formed steel"--
Book Synopsis Seismic Design of Lateral Resisting Cold-formed Steel Framed (CFS) Structures by : Iman Shamim
Download or read book Seismic Design of Lateral Resisting Cold-formed Steel Framed (CFS) Structures written by Iman Shamim and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Seismic design provisions for wood sheathed / cold-formed steel (CFS) framed shear walls and CFS strap braced walls are available in the AISI S213-07 Standard. However, the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC), as well as the CSA S136 and the AISI S213 Standards, at present, do not address the seismic design of steel sheathed / CFS framed shear walls for use in Canada. The existing design guidelines for CFS framed shear walls are based on data obtained from static tests carried out under both monotonic and reversed cyclic loading protocols. The objective of this research was to develop seismic design provisions for the CFS framed shear walls forming part of the seismic force resisting system of a building, with the intent to recommend that they be included in the NBCC and AISI S213. The approach involved shake table testing of single- and double-storey CFS framed steel and wood sheathed shear walls, numerical modeling of the tested shear walls, and, lastly, non-linear time history dynamic analyses of building archetypes following the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) P695 methodology. Overall, seven wood sheathed and ten steel sheathed CFS framed shear walls were tested on the Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal structural laboratory shake table. The wall specimens were full-scale single- and double-storey walls and, most, were constructed with the blocking in the CFS frame. A wood sheathed shear wall was tested with a gypsum panel on one side of the specimen in order to investigate the effects of non-structural components. The dynamic test program included impact tests, harmonic forced vibration tests, and ground motion tests representative of the seismic hazard in Quebec and Vancouver, Canada. The seismic performance of the dynamically tested shear walls, i.e. force vs. displacement hysteretic behaviour and failure modes, was primarily similar to the static tests. Inclusion of the blocking increased the shear strength of the tested shear walls by almost 50%. OpenSees software was used for the numerical modelling of the dynamically tested walls. The inelastic behaviour of the shear walls was replicated by using the Pinching04 material; additional zerolength spring elements were included in the model to represent frame stiffness, anchor rod stiffness and the CFS framing. The wall models were calibrated based on the results of the dynamic tests, as well as data obtained from the calibration of previously performed static tests. Moreover, to provide experimental data to complete the model calibration procedure a series of static tests was conducted on blocked CFS bare frames and stud-to-track connections. The archetype buildings (twelve in total) were two, four and five storey office and residential buildings located in Halifax, Montreal and Vancouver, Canada. The buildings designed with Rd = 2.0 and Ro = 1.3 satisfied the FEMA P695 collapse capacity requirements. Inclusion of gypsum panel in two of the archetype buildings increased the collapse margin ratio by 20% on average." --
Book Synopsis Performance of Wood Frame Wall with Thin Shell ECC Shear Panel by : Michael C. Lewis
Download or read book Performance of Wood Frame Wall with Thin Shell ECC Shear Panel written by Michael C. Lewis and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall goal of this study was to evaluate an alternative to traditional wood framed shear wall construction. This study introduced the innovative idea of using a water and seismic damage resistant, wood-concrete- composite (WCC) construction instead of an all-wood design. The WCC design consisted of a thin shell of engineered cementitious composite (ECC) cast in composite with a traditional wood frame. The WCC wall was evaluated with regards to structural performance during lateral loading, cost and damage sustained during lateral loading. The WCC test results were compared to a traditional wood frame wall with OSB sheathing. Data from the monotonic tests of the WCC walls show that the average maximum load was 47.5 kN (10700 lb), average elastic shear stiffness was 1.78 kN/mm (10200 lb/in) and the average energy absorbed was 4810 J (42600 lb-in). Overall, the test results indicate that the WCC is comparable with or superior to the OSB wall in regards to shear strength, shear stiffness, energy absorption and ductility. During lateral loading tests the WCC wall appeared to sustain less damage than the OSB wall. Panelized construction of the WCC system may increase overall project cost but could provide many additional benefits such as decreased construction time and greater durability. The WCC design appears to be a viable shear wall system that should be refined and fully tested for building code compliance.
Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation of Long Term and Lateral Load Behavior of CLT Shear Walls for Mid-rise Wood Buildings by : Md Kobir Hossain
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Long Term and Lateral Load Behavior of CLT Shear Walls for Mid-rise Wood Buildings written by Md Kobir Hossain and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a recognized need for tall building (8-20 story) construction in the United States due to growing population in the urban areas. In addition, there is a significant emphasis placed by the communities on sustainability. Wood is a sustainable construction material with a negative carbon footprint in comparison to steel and concrete, which are the traditional building materials used predominantly in tall buildings. Traditional Light Wood Frame Shear Wall system used in residential building construction in the U.S. cannot be used to construction tall building as it fails to provide necessary strength and stiffness. Mass timber panel such as Cross-Laminated Timber has been recognized as a promising building construction material in recent times and has been used in hundreds of building mostly in low seismic regions. However, to realize an all wood tall building in high seismic areas, lateral load resisting system (LLRS) using CLT needs to be developed and characterized before its implementation into building construction. This research focusses on addressing some of the issues in developing a robust LLRS using unbonded post-tensioned rocking CLT wall system for high seismic application. The parameters that affect the behavior of this system such as the compression, moisture diffusion and creep behavior of CLT material were studied by conducting laboratory testing. The performance of CLT rocking wall system was investigated through laboratory testing of four full scale specimens using different wall dimensions and detailing to gain a thorough understanding of this system behavior under reverse cyclic loading. The results show that this system can provide full recentering up to 3% drift with limited sustained damage at the rocking toes and limited energy dissipation capability. The rocking wall system can be designed as a robust LLRS but can be further improved by incorporating external energy dissipating elements into the system. To improve the system performance by including damping in the rocking wall system, o-connector and LiFS are used to connect two rocking walls. The coupled walls still provide the recentering while reduces the seismic displacement demand resulting from higher damping. Tests and finite element analysis of o-connectors were carried to understand its force-displacement behavior and energy dissipating capacity under reverse cyclic load. Design equations based on the test and FEA results are proposed. Laboratory tests were conducted on two CLT-LiFS hybrid walls in addition to component level tests on LiFS and CLT-LiFS connection. A load transfer mechanism in CLT-LiFS hybrid wall is proposed and used with a simplified calculation procedure to predict the force-displacement behavior of hybrid wall. The study shows that the analysis procedure predicts force capacity within 20% of the test results and can be conservatively used for practice. The test results show that the hybrid wall system has improved energy dissipation capacity while providing almost full recentering at 4% drift. The CLT building performance can be improved and the cost associated with LLRS may be reduced by taking into account the beneficial effect of non-rectangular shear walls (such as T-wall, I-wall). Non-rectangular walls can be achieved by connecting them at web-to-flange interface with high stiffness connections. Also, a high stiffness wall-to-foundation connection which can transfer the high base shear to foundation needs to be developed. Two connections, one for web-to-flange interface and another for wall-to-foundation interface, is developed by using grouted shear key incorporating ultra-high performance concrete and self-tapping screw. Laboratory tests on these two connection show that the connections have very high stiffness (4 times) compared to traditional bracket type ones and they have high strength as high as 3 to 4 times.
Book Synopsis Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas by : Federico Mazzolani
Download or read book Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas written by Federico Mazzolani and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-01-31 with total page 1147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas is a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of seismic resistant steel structures. It comprises a collection of papers presented at the seventh International Specialty Conference STESSA 2012 (Santiago, Chile, 9-11 January 2012), and includes the state-of-the-art in both theore
Book Synopsis STESSA 2003 - Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas by : Federico Mazzolani
Download or read book STESSA 2003 - Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas written by Federico Mazzolani and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-03-29 with total page 869 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of seismic resistant steel structures, this volume reports upon the latest progress in theoretical and experimental research into the area, and groups findings in the following key sections: · performance-based design of structures · structural integrity under exceptional loading · material and member behaviour · connections · global behaviour · moment resisting frames · passive and active control · strengthening and repairing · codification · design and application
Book Synopsis Impact of Gravity Loads on the Lateral Performance of Cold- Formed Steel Frame/ Steel Sheathed Shear Walls by : Jamin DaBreo
Download or read book Impact of Gravity Loads on the Lateral Performance of Cold- Formed Steel Frame/ Steel Sheathed Shear Walls written by Jamin DaBreo and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Canadian seismic design provisions for cold-formed steel framed/steel sheathed shear walls have been developed from previous research at McGill University with the intent of being incorporated into the Canadian section of the North American Lateral Design Standard for Cold-Formed Steel Framing (AISI S213), and ultimately to provide guidelines for design of these systems in the National Building Code of Canada and CSA-S136 Specification.In this previous research, a limited number of shear walls displayed unfavourable damage due to twisting deformations of the chord-studs and by local buckling. Also, the shear walls tested in previous research were only laterally loaded. The objective of the current research program was to address this unfavourable failure mode by evaluating the performance of cold-formed steel framed/steel sheathed shear walls, constructed with blocked stud members, which were tested under combined gravity and lateral loading. In total, fourteen single-storey shear walls (8 configurations) were subjected to monotonic and CUREE reversed cyclic lateral loading protocols. The Equivalent Energy Elastic-Plastic (EEEP) approach was used to analyse the test data and determine nominal shear resistance values. Relevant design parameters were determined: a resistance factor, phi, of 0.7, an overstrength value of 1.4, and ductility and overstrength seismic force modification factors (Rd = 2.0 and Ro = 1.3). Dynamic analysis of a two storey representative building model was carried out to validate the 'test-based' R-values following a methodology adopted from FEMA P695 to evaluate the seismic performance of a building system.The research program indicated that the blocking reinforcement detail had adequately resolved chord-stud twisting deformations and that the chord-studs, once designed to carry the combined gravity and lateral forces following a capacity based approach, would not fail thereby preventing any detrimental collapse of the framing system." --
Book Synopsis Performance-based Plastic Design by : Subhash Chandra Goel
Download or read book Performance-based Plastic Design written by Subhash Chandra Goel and published by . This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Racking Performance of Light-frame Walls Sheathed on Two Sides by : Marcia Patton-Mallory
Download or read book Racking Performance of Light-frame Walls Sheathed on Two Sides written by Marcia Patton-Mallory and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Combined Gravity and Lateral Loading of Light Gauge Steel Frame/wood Panel Shear Walls by : Katherine Hikita
Download or read book Combined Gravity and Lateral Loading of Light Gauge Steel Frame/wood Panel Shear Walls written by Katherine Hikita and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Methods for the design of steel frame/wood panel shear walls used as a seismic force resisting system have been developed. These methods, which can be used in conjunction with the 2005 NBCC, were based on the results of shear wall tests carried out using lateral loads alone. The research program was extended to determine the influence of gravity loads on the lateral performance of the shear wall. An initial series of stud column tests was completed to determine an appropriate predication method for the axial capacity of the principal vertical load carrying members. Recommendations for appropriate effective length factors and buckling lengths were derived from the results of 40 tests. A subsequent series of five single-storey shear wall configurations were designed using capacity based methods. These shear walls were tested under monotonic and cyclic lateral loading, where two of three shear walls were also subjected to a constant gravity load. In total, 32 steel frame/wood panel shear walls composed of 1.09--1.37 mm thick steel studs sheathed with DFP, CSP or OSB panels were tested and analyzed. The equivalent energy elastic-plastic analysis approach was used to determine design values for stiffness, strength, ductility and overstrength. The data from this most recent series of tests indicates that the additional gravity loads do not have a detrimental influence on the lateral behaviour of a steel frame/wood panel shear wall if the chord studs are designed to carry the combined lateral and gravity forces following a capacity based approach. A resistance factor of 0.7 was found to be in agreement with previous tests that did not include gravity loads. The calculated seismic force modification factors also agreed with the previous test results, which suggest that Rd = 2.5 and Ro = 1.7." --
