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Terrain Feature Canopy Modeling
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Book Synopsis Terrain Feature Canopy Modeling by : D. S. Kimes
Download or read book Terrain Feature Canopy Modeling written by D. S. Kimes and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thermal canopy signature model (TCSM) was developed to approximate the thermal behavior of a vegetation canopy by a mathematical abstraction of three horizontal layers of vegetation. Canopy geometry within each layer is quantitatively described by the foliage and branch orientation distributions. Canopy geometry, solar irradiance, air temperature, horizontal wind velocity, relative humidity, and ground temperature are used to calculate the energy budgets of average leaves within each layer. The resulting system of conservation equations is solved for the average layer temperature. This information, together with the angular distributions of radiating elements, is then used to calculate the thermal exitance as a function of view angle above the canopy. Optical diffraction techniques were developed and employed to measure canopy geometry. Solar radiation absorption with the vegetation terrain elements is calculated using a modification of a Monte Carlo model (SRVC) developed for the reflective energy regime. The models were applied to a lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) canopy and the results for a diurnal cycle are validated with radiometric measurements. Simulated versus measured radiometric average temperatures of Layer 2 correspond approximately within two degrees centigrade. Simulated results suggest that canopy geometry can significantly influence the effective radiant temperature recorded by a sensor above the canopy as a function of view angle. (Author).
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book Research in Progress written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 834 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Earth Resources written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Climate of Alaska by : Martha Shulski
Download or read book The Climate of Alaska written by Martha Shulski and published by University of Alaska Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the climate of Alaska and its diversity through narrative and maps, tables, and charts. Focuses on climatological features such as temperature, humidity, precipitation, and atmospheric pressure.--(Source of description unspecified.)
Download or read book Technical Abstract Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 1048 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Research in Progress Between ... and by : United States. Army Research Office
Download or read book Research in Progress Between ... and written by United States. Army Research Office and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mesoscale Modelling for Meteorological and Air Pollution Applications by : Ranjeet S. Sokhi
Download or read book Mesoscale Modelling for Meteorological and Air Pollution Applications written by Ranjeet S. Sokhi and published by Anthem Press. This book was released on 2018-11-15 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ‘Mesoscale Modelling for Meteorological and Air Pollution Applications’ combines the fundamental and practical aspects of mesoscale air pollution and meteorological modelling. Providing an overview of the fundamental concepts of air pollution and meteorological modelling, including parameterization of key atmospheric processes, the book also considers equally important aspects such as model integration, evaluation concepts, performance evaluation, policy relevance and user training.
Book Synopsis Laser Scanning for the Environmental Sciences by : George Heritage
Download or read book Laser Scanning for the Environmental Sciences written by George Heritage and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-05-06 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 3D surface representation has long been a source of information describing surface character and facilitating an understanding of system dynamics from micro-scale (e.g. sand transport) to macro-scale (e.g. drainage channel network evolution). Data collection has been achieved through field mapping techniques and the use of remotely sensed data. Advances in this latter field have been considerable in recent years with new rapid-acquisition methods being developed centered around laser based technology. The advent of airborne and field based laser scanning instruments has allowed researchers to collect high density accurate data sets and these are revealing a wealth of new information and generating important new ideas concerning terrain characterisation and landform dynamics. The proposed book collates a series of invited peer revieved papers presented at the a conference on geoinformatics and LIDAR to be held at the National Centre for Geocomputation based in the National University of Ireland, Maynooth. Current constraints in field survey and DEM construction are reviewed together with technical and applied issues around the new technology. The utility of the data in process modelling is also covered. The book will be of great value to researchers in the field of geomorphology, geostatistics, remote sensing and GIS and will prove extremely useful to students and practitioners concerned with terrain analysis. The proposed work will: Highlight major technological breakthrough in 3D data collection. Feature examples of application across a wide range of environmental areas. Critically evaluate the role of laser based techniques in the environment. Detail theory and application of laser techniques in the natural environment.
Download or read book Geographical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 1374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of Himalayan Ecosystems and Sustainability, Volume 1 by : Bikash Ranjan Parida
Download or read book Handbook of Himalayan Ecosystems and Sustainability, Volume 1 written by Bikash Ranjan Parida and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-11-22 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 1: Spatio-Temporal Monitoring of Forests and Climate is aimed to describe the recent progress and developments of geospatial technologies (remote sensing and GIS) for assessing, monitoring and managing fragile Himalayan ecosystems and their sustainability under climate change. It is a collective research contribution from renowned researchers and academicians working in the Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) mountain range. The Himalayas ecosystems have been facing substantial transformation due to severe environmental conditions, land transformation, forest degradation and fragmentation. The authors utilized satellite datasets and algorithms to discuss the intricacy of land use/land cover change, forest and agricultural ecosystems, canopy height estimation, above-ground biomass, wildfires, carbon sequestration, and landscape restoration. Furthermore, the potential impacts of climate change on ecosystems, biodiversity and future food and nutritional security are also addressed including the impact on the livelihood of people of the Himalayas. This comprehensive Handbook explains the advanced geospatial technologies for mapping and management of natural resources of the Himalayas. Key Features Explains multiple aspects of geospatial technologies for studying fragile Himalayan ecosystems and sustainability Focuses on the utility of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) modeling for canopy height Explain how remote sensing techniques are useful for deriving the above-ground biomass, gross primary productivity (GPP), and carbon fluxes Addresses how geospatial technologies are valuable for understanding vegetation dynamics, composition and landscape restoration due to shifts in timberline and forest fires Includes contributions from global professionals working in the HKH mountain range Readership The Handbook serves as a valuable reference for students, researchers, scientists, ecologists, agricultural scientists, meteorologists, decision makers and all others who wish to advance their knowledge on vegetation remote sensing considering climate change in the HKH region.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 1980 Army Science Conference by :
Download or read book Proceedings of the 1980 Army Science Conference written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Validation of a Surface-layer Windflow Model Using Climatology and Meteorological Tower Data from Vandenberg AFB, California by : John M. Lanicci
Download or read book Validation of a Surface-layer Windflow Model Using Climatology and Meteorological Tower Data from Vandenberg AFB, California written by John M. Lanicci and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes the 2nd phase of a study involving a surface-layer windflow model. The model produces a two-dimensional (x-y plane) variational analysis of windflow by employing Gauss' principle of least constraints to adjust an initial windfield to effects of topography, stability, momentum advection, and mass conservation. It used detailed terrain data (100 to 200 m horizontal resolution) to compensate for sparse meteorological data available over the small areas for which the model is run (25 to 250 sq km). The first phase involved testing of the model to effects of stability and vegetation using terrain, vegetation, and climate for Ft. Polk, LA. The 2nd phase involves further model development, including changes in meteorological data input as well as changes in wind and stability initializations. Model experiments using artificially-produced terrain were conducted to test these changes. A two-part model validation was then performed using climate data and archived meteorological tower data from Vandenberg AFB, California. The area of interest is 11 x 12 km, and covers the South Vandenberg Launch Complex.
Book Synopsis Forest-Water Interactions by : Delphis F. Levia
Download or read book Forest-Water Interactions written by Delphis F. Levia and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-05 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United Nations has declared 2018-2028 as the International Decade for Action on Water for Sustainable Development. This is a timely designation. In an increasingly thirsty world, the subject of forest-water interactions is of critical importance to the achievement of sustainability goals. The central underlying tenet of this book is that the hydrologic community can conduct better science and make a more meaningful impact to the world’s water crisis if scientists are: (1) better equipped to utilize new methods and harness big data from either or both high-frequency sensors and long-term research watersheds; and (2) aware of new developments in our process-based understanding of the hydrological cycle in both natural and urban settings. Accordingly, this forward-looking book delves into forest-water interactions from multiple methodological, statistical, and process-based perspectives (with some chapters featuring data sets and open-source R code), concluding with a chapter on future forest hydrology under global change. Thus, this book describes the opportunities of convergence in high-frequency sensing, big data, and open source software to catalyze more comprehensive understanding of forest-water interactions. The book will be of interest to researchers, graduate students, and advanced undergraduates in an array of disciplines, including hydrology, forestry, ecology, botany, and environmental engineering.
Book Synopsis Canopy Photosynthesis: From Basics to Applications by : Kouki Hikosaka
Download or read book Canopy Photosynthesis: From Basics to Applications written by Kouki Hikosaka and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-17 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last 30 years has seen the development of increasingly sophisticated models that quantify canopy carbon exchange. These models are now essential parts of larger models for prediction and simulation of crop production, climate change, and regional and global carbon dynamics. There is thus an urgent need for increasing expertise in developing, use and understanding of these models. This in turn calls for an advanced, yet easily accessible textbook that summarizes the “canopy science” and introduces the present and the future scientists to the theoretical background of the current canopy models. This book presents current knowledge of functioning of plant canopies, models and strategies employed to simulate canopy function, and the significance of canopy architecture, physiology and dynamics in ecosystems, landscape and biosphere.
Book Synopsis Wildland Fire, Forest Dynamics, and Their Interactions by : Marc-André Parisien
Download or read book Wildland Fire, Forest Dynamics, and Their Interactions written by Marc-André Parisien and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-08-15 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Wildland Fire, Forest Dynamics, and Their Interactions" that was published in Forests
Book Synopsis Government Reports Annual Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 1178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
