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Author : Gregory Lester Florant
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Temperature Regulation in Euthermic and Hibernating Marmots written by Gregory Lester Florant and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Earl I. Kusnierz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (482 download)
Download or read book The Role of Body Temperature in Determining Acid-base Balance in Euthermic and Hibernating Woodchucks written by Earl I. Kusnierz and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Francis Gano Benedict
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Hibernation and Marmot Physiology written by Francis Gano Benedict and published by . This book was released on 1938 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gerhard Heldmaier
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662041626
Total Pages : 534 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)
Download or read book Life in the Cold written by Gerhard Heldmaier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the proceedings of the 11 'h international symposium dedicated to the understanding of animal "Life in the Cold", held at Jungholz (Austria), August 13-18, 2000. In 55 chapters contributed by researchers from 16 countries the current state of knowledge is reviewed, and the most recent developments and discussions in this field are highlighted. The first symposium on hibernation and life in the cold was held in 1959, and from then on they continued to occur every 3-5 years. The regular occurrence of these meetings became almost a tradition. A tradition which is entirely based on the enthusiasm of participants, and was nourished by scientific progress in this area during the past decades. The first symposium in 1959 was organised by Charles P. Lyman and Albert R. Dawe and was almost entirely dedicated to hibernation and torpor. This has been a backbone topic of the following symposia, although other aspects of animal energetics, thermal physiology and biochemistry were included in later meetings.
Author : Charles P Lyman
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323138241
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)
Download or read book Hibernation and Torpor in Mammals and Birds written by Charles P Lyman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-07-10 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hibernation and Torpor in Mammals and Birds explores the physiological factors that control hibernation and torpor in birds and mammals. This text covers topics ranging from metabolism in hibernation to the role of endocrines, respiration and acid-base state in hibernation, and theories of hibernation. This book is comprised of 14 chapters and begins with an overview of some clear-cut definitions and why mammals and birds hibernate. The reader is then introduced to the variations from euthermia that have been observed among birds and mammals. To give some structure to this listing, the approach is phylogenetic, starting with the birds and proceeding through the primitive to the more advanced mammals. Subsequent chapters explains the process of entering hibernation and the hibernating state, itself; capability of a species in natural hibernation to arouse from that state using self-generated heat; physiological changes at the start of a spontaneous arousal; and physiological mechanisms underlying the ability of hibernators to rewarm. Consideration is also given to intermediary metabolism in hibernation, cold adaptation of metabolism in hibernators, and the response of hibernators to various extrinsic influences such as neoplastic growth, radiation injury, and parasitism and symbionts. This book will be of interest to students and researchers in fields ranging from zoology to physiology and biophysics.
Author : Trixie Nicole Lee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (798 download)
Download or read book Expression and Mechanisms of Hibernation in the Arctic written by Trixie Nicole Lee and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arctic is home to animals that have taken adaptations to overwintering to extremes. In this dissertation, I have investigated one of these adaptations, hibernation, in two species from the Arctic, the Alaska marmot (Marmota broweri) and the arctic ground squirrel (Urocitellus parryii). The expression of hibernation under natural conditions in these species was compared by collecting body temperature records of free-living individuals. The Alaska marmot, a highly social species, demonstrated extreme synchrony in body temperature patterns among a family group, indicating a strong reliance on social thermoregulation. In contrast, the arctic ground squirrel was confirmed to be a solitary hibernator that reduces body temperature below freezing during torpor. Both species must produce heat when soil temperatures are significantly below freezing for most of the winter. At these subfreezing ambient temperatures, the arctic ground squirrel has shown an increasing reliance on nonlipid fuel during torpor, driving a loss of lean mass during hibernation of ~20%. I calibrated deuterium dilution to repeatedly estimate body composition in this species, which dramatically changes adiposity through its annual cycle, and used this technique to quantify lean mass loss throughout hibernation in a study of tissue metabolism. I also developed and applied the natural abundance of nitrogen and carbon stable isotopes as tools for monitoring differential tissue metabolism and differentiating mixed metabolic fuel use in the arctic ground squirrel. These data clarified the mechanism of change in nitrogen stable isotopes andd, indicated that hibernating ground squirrels rebuild organ tissues while breaking down muscle tissue to meet energetic demands. Furthermore, I corroborated a shift in metabolic fuel use toward nonlipid sources during torpor at low ambient temperatures by using the carbon isotope ratio in exhaled breath in combination with respiratory quotient. This dissertation combines studies of hibernation patterns in free-living animals with experimental data on the tissues and fuels being catabolized at very low temperatures to broaden our understanding of how small mammals successfully hibernate in severe winter conditions. It also presents the development and use of stable isotope ratios as physiological tools in hibernating species.
Author : Thomas Ruf
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 364228678X
Total Pages : 549 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)
Download or read book Living in a Seasonal World written by Thomas Ruf and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-23 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarises the newest information on seasonal adaptation in animals. Topics include animal hibernation, daily torpor, thermoregulation, heat production, metabolic depression, biochemical adaptations, neurophysiology and energy balance. The contributors to this book present interdisciplinary research at multiple levels ranging from the molecular to the ecophysiological, as well as evolutionary approaches. The chapters of this book provide original data not published elsewhere, which makes it the most up-to-date, comprehensive source of information on these fields. The book’s subchapters correspond to presentations given at the 14th International Hibernation Symposium in August 2012 in Austria. This is a very successful series of symposia (held every four years since 1959) that attracts leading researchers in the field. Like the past symposia, this meeting – and consequently the book – is aimed not only at hibernation but at covering the full range of animal adaptations to seasonal environments. For the next four years, this book will serve as the cutting-edge reference work for graduate students and scientists active in this field of physiology and ecology. .
Author : Lawrence C.H. Wang
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323141684
Total Pages : 730 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)
Download or read book Strategies in Cold written by Lawrence C.H. Wang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Strategies in Cold: Natural Torpidity and Thermogenesis is a collection of review papers presented at the Fifth International Symposium on Mammalian Hibernation, held at Jasper Park Lodge, Alberta, Canada on October 3-8, 1977. The book is organized into four sections encompassing 20 chapters that cover the advances made since the 1971 symposium in the areas of molecular, biochemical, and cellular adaptations of natural torpidity and the role of the central nervous system in regulation of natural torpidity. The opening section discusses the possible ways of generating circannual cycle in constant condition and the historical progress in understanding the mechanism of shallow, daily torpor and its distribution in various families predominantly from the marsupial, insectivore, and rodent orders. The application of simple economic models to biological systems to illustrate the principles of torpor in non-mammalian organisms and temperature regulation is also described in this text. Section II examines the central nervous structures involved in thermoregulation in hibernators and compares these data with the results of corresponding experiments in non-hibernators. Topics on the influence of serotonergic pathways in the brain on hypothalamic hormonal factor release and the maintenance and regulation of hibernation through a parasympathetic response are discussed in this section. Section III deals with the cellular and biochemical adaptations in natural torpidity, with an emphasis on the metabolic and endocrine changes in hibernation. Section IV tackles postulated mechanisms for nonshivering thermogenesis and the neurohumoral factors regulating these mechanisms in mammals exposed to short-term as well as to prolonged periods of cold. A discussion on significance and possible central mechanisms of thermoregulatory threshold deviations in the course of thermal adaptation is also provided.
Author : Trixie Nicole Lee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (124 download)
Download or read book Expression and Mechanisms of Hibernation in the Artic written by Trixie Nicole Lee and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Artic is home to animals that have taken adaptations to overwintering to extremes. In this dissertation, I have investigated one of these adaptations, hibernation, in two species from the Artic, the Alaska marmot (Marmota broweri) and the artic ground squirrel (Urocitellus parryii). The expression of hibernation under natural conditions in these species was compared by collecting body temperature records of free-living individuals. The Alaska marmot, a highly social species, demonstrated extreme synchrony in body temperature patterns among a family group, indicating a strong reliance on social thermoregulation. In contrast, the artic ground squirrel was confirmed to be a solitary hibernator that reduces body temperature below freezing during torpor. Both species must produce heat when soil temperatures are significantly below freezing for most of the winter. At these subfreezing ambient temperatures, the artic ground squirrel has shown an increasing reliance on nonlipid fuel during torpor, driving a loss of lean mass during hibernation of ~20%. I calibrated deuterium dilation to repeatedly estimate body composition in this species, which dramatically changes adiposity through its annual cycle, and used this technique to quantify lean mass loss throughout hibernation in a study of tissue metabolism. I also developed and applied the natural abundance of nitrogen and carbon stable isotopes as tools for monitoring differential tissue metabolism and differentiating mixed metabolic fuel use in the artic ground squirrel. These data clarified the mechanism of change in nitrogen stable isotopes and indicated that hibernating ground squirrels rebuild organ tissues while breaking down muscle tissue to meet energetic demands. Furthermore, I corroborated a shift in metabolic fuel use toward nonlipid sources during torpor at low ambient temperatures by using the carbon isotope ratio in exhaled breath in combination with respiratory quotient. This dissertation combines studies of hibernation patterns in free-living animals with experimental data on the tissues and fuels being catabolized at very low temperatures to broaden our understanding of how small mammals successfully hibernate in severe weather conditions. It also presents the development and use of stable isotope ratios as physiological tools in hibernating species.
Author : C. Carey
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461304253
Total Pages : 557 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)
Download or read book Avian Energetics and Nutritional Ecology written by C. Carey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A symposium held in 1973 chaired and organized by William R. Dawson was the first major attempt to summarize and synthesize the existing information in the then emerging field of avian energetics. The symposium featured papers by James R. King, William A. Calder III, Vance A. Tucker, and Robert E. Ricklefs and com mentaries by George A. Bartholomew, S. Charles Kendeigh, and Eugene P. Odum. The proceedings of the symposium, Avian Energetics (Paynter 1974), played a critical role in stimulating interest and research in the field of avian energetics. Some twenty-odd years later, we are making another attempt to summarize the information in the field of avian energetics. Some obvious differences exist be tween its predecessor and this volume. Numerous improvements in methodology, such as the use of doubly labeled water to estimate metabolism in free-living birds, now allow researchers to ask questions that could not be addressed previ ously. Second, consideration of nutrition is now inseparable from that of energet ics. This merger is necessary not only because food intake is the source of both en ergy and nutrients but also because one or more nutrients, rather than energy, can be limiting for a given species in a particular instance. Finally, the study of ener getics and nutritional ecology, particularly in birds and mammals, has grown so dramatically that a single volume can now only partially cover the range of possi ble topics and can catalogue only a sampling of all the studies on the subject.
Author : Knut Schmidt-Nielsen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521228473
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (284 download)
Download or read book Comparative Physiology: Primitive Mammals written by Knut Schmidt-Nielsen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1980-08-31 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book attempts to dispel the widely held notion that 'primitive' animals are less advanced or less complex than the 'non-primitive'.
Author : Fritz Geiser
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030755258
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)
Download or read book Ecological Physiology of Daily Torpor and Hibernation written by Fritz Geiser and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-23 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an in-depth overview on the functional ecology of daily torpor and hibernation in endothermic mammals and birds. The reader is well introduced to the physiology and thermal energetics of endothermy and underlying different types of torpor. Furthermore, evolution of endothermy as well as reproduction and survival strategies of heterothermic animals in a changing environment are discussed. Endothermic mammals and birds can use internal heat production fueled by ingested food to maintain a high body temperature. As food in the wild is not always available, many birds and mammals periodically abandon energetically costly homeothermic thermoregulation and enter an energy-conserving state of torpor, which is the topic of this book. Daily torpor and hibernation (multiday torpor) in these heterothermic endotherms are the most effective means for energy conservation available to endotherms and are characterized by pronounced temporal and controlled reductions in body temperature, energy expenditure, water loss, and other physiological functions. Hibernators express multiday torpor predominately throughout winter, which substantially enhances winter survival. In contrast, daily heterotherms use daily torpor lasting for several hours usually during the rest phase, some throughout the year. Although torpor is still widely considered to be a specific adaptation of a few cold-climate species, it is used by many animals from all climate zones, including the tropics, and is highly diverse with about 25-50% of all mammals, but fewer birds, estimated to use it. While energy conservation during adverse conditions is an important function of torpor, it is also employed to permit or facilitate energy-demanding processes such as reproduction and growth, especially when food supply is limited. Even migrating birds enter torpor to conserve energy for the next stage of migration, whereas bats may use it to deal with heat. Even though many heterothermic species will be challenged by anthropogenic influences such as habitat destruction, introduced species, novel pathogens and specifically global warming, not all are likely to be affected in the same way. In fact it appears that opportunistic heterotherms because of their highly flexible energy requirements, ability to limit foraging and reduce the risk of predation, and often pronounced longevity, may be better equipped to deal with anthropogenic challenges than homeotherms. In contrast strongly seasonal hibernators, especially those restricted to mountain tops, and those that have to deal with new diseases that are difficult to combat at low body temperatures, are likely to be adversely affected. This book addresses researchers and advanced students in Zoology, Ecology and Veterinary Sciences.
Author : The Open University
Publisher : The Open University
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Animals at the extremes: Hibernation and torpor written by The Open University and published by The Open University. This book was released on with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 14-hour free course examined the differences between animal hibernation and torpor, such as the triggers for each condition and their physiology.
Author : Kenneth B. Armitage
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107053943
Total Pages : 421 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Marmot Biology written by Kenneth B. Armitage and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-24 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Marmot Biology Sociality, Individual Fitness and Population Dynamics"--
Author : Hermann Rahn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400950047
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Acid-Base Regulation and Body Temperature written by Hermann Rahn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last 20 years two groups of investigators have concerned themselves with the problem of acid-base regulation at various body temperatures. Each group, in professional isolation, pursued a separate path. Surgeons and anesthe tists developed techniques and tools for hypothermic cardio-pulmonary by-pass operations and based their rationale for acid-base management on in vitro models of blood behavior. Physiologists and biochemists, on the other hand, endeavored to understand acid-base regulation in living organisms naturally subjected to changes in body temperature. Only in the last decade has there been an increasing awareness that each group could benefit from the other's experiences. With this goal in mind members of both groups were invited to present their views and observations in the hope of arriving at a better understanding of acid-base management during hypothermia and gaining a greater insight into the factors which control acid-base regulation during normothermia. This led to the presen tation of the present volume with the aim of providing the clinician with a survey of present theories and the resulting strategies for management of the hypother mic patient. Acknowledgment The editors express their great appreciation to Miss Augusta Dustan for her dedicated effort in the preparation and editing of the manuscripts. Contributors Heinz Becker, M. D. Department of Surgery, University of California Medical Center, Los An geles, Los Angeles, CA 90024, U. S. A. Gerald D. Buckberg, M. D. Department of Surgery, University of California Medical Center, Los An geles, CA 90024, U. S. A.
Author : U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 826 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Wildlife Abstracts written by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 826 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Cynthia Carey
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429715714
Total Pages : 539 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (297 download)
Download or read book Life In The Cold written by Cynthia Carey and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-03-13 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributors present the newest information on ecological, physiological, neurological, cellular and biochemical mechanisms by which vertebrates deal with seasonal cold.
