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Author : Jefferey Scott Kaufmann
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (281 download)
Download or read book Temperature and Phenotypic Plasticity in Lizards written by Jefferey Scott Kaufmann and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Nicole Valenzuela
Publisher : Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination in Vertebrates written by Nicole Valenzuela and published by Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by the world's foremost authorities on the subject, with essays by leading scholars in the field, this work shows how the sex of reptiles and many fish is determined not by the chromosomes they inherit but by the temperature at which incubation takes place.
Author : Andrew P. Hendry
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691204179
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)
Download or read book Eco-evolutionary Dynamics written by Andrew P. Hendry and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-09 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, scientists have realized that evolution can occur on timescales much shorter than the 'long lapse of ages' emphasized by Darwin - in fact, evolutionary change is occurring all around us all the time. This work provides an authoritative and accessible introduction to eco-evolutionary dynamics, a cutting-edge new field that seeks to unify evolution and ecology into a common conceptual framework focusing on rapid and dynamic environmental and evolutionary change.
Author : Michael W. Sears
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (244 download)
Download or read book Phenotypic Plasticity of Life History in the Sagebrush Lizard (sceloporus Graciosus) written by Michael W. Sears and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Denis Charles Deeming
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 1897676115
Total Pages : 349 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (976 download)
Download or read book Reptilian Incubation written by Denis Charles Deeming and published by . This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reptiles have been a topic for scientific study for many decades and remain widely studied around the world. In particular, their reproductive patterns and strategies have been extensively studied, proving useful in analysis of life-history strategies. A pivotal aspect of reptilian reproduction is incubation of eggs. Oviparity is found in all turtles, crocodilians and the tuatara and is prevalent in many lizards and snakes. Many aspects of the eggs, embryos and incubation conditions have been the subject of numerous scientific reports. This volume is dedicated to systematic analysis of reptilian incubation. The concept for the book is to look at reptilian eggs, development and incubation conditions in a functional way with particular emphasis on the natural incubation environment and, rather than concentrating on Family accounts, (e.g. incubation in crocodilians) the chapters review the topics in all reptile types allowing for the first time a systematic comparison of incubation between crocodilians, turtles and squamates. In addition to reviewing current information, the authors briefly look towards the future and outline areas where further research is needed.
Author : Rachel Madeline Goodman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (551 download)
Download or read book Geographic Variation and Phenotypic Plasticity of Body Size and Cell Size in the Lizard, Anolis Carolinensis written by Rachel Madeline Goodman and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Patterns of geographic variation in body size and cell size have long fascinated biologists, and climatic variables have often been considered to explain such patterns. Environmental temperature can profoundly influence the phenotype, including body size. of ectotherms, and reptiles in particular. This dissertation presents four studies that examine how temperature shapes morphology on developmental and evolutionary timescales in the green anole lizard, Anolis carolinensis. The first three studies examined variation in and phenotypic plasticity of cell size and body size through laboratory experiments using eggs and juveniles from wild-caught females in five populations of A. carolinensis. The fourth study examined geographic variation in body size and cell size in 19 wild populations across the species range. Temperature-induced plasticity in cell size but not initial hatching size was demonstrated. However, subsequent differences in growth rates among juveniles reared in a common laboratory environment indicated a latent effect of incubation temperature on body size. Sampling of body size and red blood cell size from four eastern populations in the range suggested a latitudinal trend in body size and cell size. Rearing of offspring in a common environment indicated differences among populations in juvenile and, potentially, embryonic growth rates contributing to divergence in adult body size. Extended sampling of body size and cell size from 19 populations throughout the range, however, showed that inclusion of Florida populations heavily skewed geographic patterns because of the smaller body and cell size of anoles in the peninsular state. Exclusion of these populations revealed a negative relationship between latitude and both body size and muscle cell size, and no geographic trends in red blood cell size.
Author : Michael J. Angilletta Jr.
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191547204
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)
Download or read book Thermal Adaptation written by Michael J. Angilletta Jr. and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-01-29 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temperature profoundly impacts both the phenotypes and distributions of organisms. These thermal effects exert strong selective pressures on behaviour, physiology and life history when environmental temperatures vary over space and time. Despite temperature's significance, progress toward a quantitative theory of thermal adaptation has lagged behind empirical descriptions of patterns and processes. In this book, the author draws on theory from the more general discipline of evolutionary ecology to establish a framework for interpreting empirical studies of thermal biology. This novel synthesis of theoretical and empirical work generates new insights about the process of thermal adaptation and points the way towards a more general theory. The threat of rapid climatic change on a global scale provides a stark reminder of the challenges that remain for thermal biologists and adds a sense of urgency to this book's mission. Thermal Adaptation will benefit anyone who seeks to understand the relationship between environmental variation and phenotypic evolution. The book focuses on quantitative evolutionary models at the individual, population and community levels, and successfully integrates this theory with modern empirical approaches. By providing a synthetic overview of evolutionary thermal biology, this accessible text will appeal to both graduate students and established researchers in the fields of comparative, ecological, and evolutionary physiology. It will also interest the broader audience of professional ecologists and evolutionary biologists who require a comprehensive review of this topic, as well as those researchers working on the applied problems of regional and global climate change.
Author : David W. Pfennig
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000387577
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)
Download or read book Phenotypic Plasticity & Evolution written by David W. Pfennig and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-05-31 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phenotypic plasticity – the ability of an individual organism to alter its features in direct response to a change in its environment – is ubiquitous. Understanding how and why this phenomenon exists is crucial because it unites all levels of biological inquiry. This book brings together researchers who approach plasticity from diverse perspectives to explore new ideas and recent findings about the causes and consequences of plasticity. Contributors also discuss such controversial topics as how plasticity shapes ecological and evolutionary processes; whether specific plastic responses can be passed to offspring; and whether plasticity has left an important imprint on the history of life. Importantly, each chapter highlights key questions for future research. Drawing on numerous studies of plasticity in natural populations of plants and animals, this book aims to foster greater appreciation for this important, but frequently misunderstood phenomenon. Key Features Written in an accessible style with numerous illustrations, including many in color Reviews the history of the study of plasticity, including Darwin’s views Most chapters conclude with recommendations for future research
Author : Claudia Amy Luke
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 540 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Color as a Phenotypically Plastic Character in the Side-blotched Lizard, Uta Stansburiana written by Claudia Amy Luke and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : F. C. Leone
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The Folded Normal Distribution written by F. C. Leone and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We consider first the folded normal probability density function, especially as it relates to the original normal population from which it came. We present some maximum likelihood estimates, followed by other estimating procedures which are simpler to handle...Finally, an example of real camber data is presented with the appropriate estimation of the theoretical distributions. Some remarks of the folded normal and other work being done on this conclude the paper.
Author : Madeline Michels-Boyce
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Cold-climate Adaptation in the Five-lined Skink: A Common-environment Experiment written by Madeline Michels-Boyce and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ectotherms in cold climates have unique obstacles, especially in winter. Reptiles at higher latitudes or elevations have differing strategies to survive harsher winters, but these differences (e.g. lowered metabolism and lower critical minimum temperatures) may be adaptations or the result of phenotypic plasticity that depends on environmental stimuli or an interactive effect of both. We collected five-lined skinks (Plestiodon fasciatus) from Texas and Minnesota to test for latitudinal differences in winter preparation in a common-environment experiment. We manipulated photoperiod and temperature to be either constant or decreasing, resulting in a 2x2 experiment. We asked three main questions: 1) Is there ecotypic variation between populations of lizards from different latitudes? 2) How do photoperiod and temperature independently or conjointly cue lizards to prepare for winter? 3) What variables can we measure to gauge whether lizards are preparing for winter? To determine how the lizards were preparing for winter, we measured several winter dependent variables. High-latitude lizards had greater oxygen consumption and smaller fat bodies. Lizards exposed to a decreasing photoperiod had greater oxygen consumption and lower blood glucose levels. Lizards exposed to a decreasing temperature had lower oxygen consumption, decreased food consumption, slower sprint speeds, lower critical minimum temperatures, and lower blood glucose levels. There was a significant interaction effect between photoperiod and latitude for oxygen consumption, meaning our high-latitude lizards responded more strongly to the photoperiod cue. This interaction is support for ecotypic variation between latitudes. More of our winter variables were influenced by temperature than photoperiod. Supercooling points and liver glycogen content were not affected by latitude, photoperiod, temperature, or sex. Our evidence of population differences in cold-climate traits could be proven adaptive in experiments that control for parental and developmental effects, but our data suggests adaptation in some variables.
Author : Laurie J. Vitt
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400863945
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)
Download or read book Lizard Ecology written by Laurie J. Vitt and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a collection rich in implications for all fields of ecology, leading lizard ecologists demonstrate the utility of the phylogenetic approach in understanding the evolution of morphology, physiology, behavior, and life histories. Lizards, which are valued for their amenability to field experiments, have been the subject of reciprocal transplant experiments and of manipulations of resource availability, habitat structure, population density, and entire sections of food webs. Such experiments are rapidly rebuilding ecological theories as they apply to all organisms. As a demonstration of state-of-the-art historical and experimental research and as a call for philosophical engagement, this volume will join its predecessors--Lizard Ecology: A Symposium (Missouri, 1967) and Lizard Ecology: Studies of a Model Organism (Harvard, 1983)--in directing ecological research for years to come. Lizard Ecology contains essays on reproductive ecology (Arthur E. Dunham, Lin Schwarzkopf, Peter H. Niewiarowski, Karen Overall, and Barry Sinervo), behavioral ecology (A. Stanley Rand, William E. Cooper, Jr., Emülia P. Martins, Craig Guyer, and C. Michael Bull), evolutionary ecology (Raymond B. Huey, Jean Clobert et al., Donald B. Miles, and Theodore Garland, Jr.), and population and community ecology (Ted Case, Robin M. Andrews and S. Joseph Wright, Craig D. James, and Jonathan B. Losos). Originally published in 1994. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Author : Adam A. Rosso
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 53 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)
Download or read book Plasticity and the Impact of Increasing Temperature on a Tropical Ectotherm written by Adam A. Rosso and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Author's abstract: Organisms may respond to climate change through behavior, genetic adaptation, and/or phenotypic plasticity. Tropical ectotherms are thought to be especially vulnerable to climate change because most have a narrow range of thermal tolerance while living close to their upper thermal tolerance limits. Additionally, many tropical species live in closed-canopy forests, which provide homogenous thermal landscapes that prevent behavioral compensation for stressfully warm temperatures. Finally, tropical ectotherms are thought to have decreased capacity for phenotypic plasticity because they have evolved in thermally stable environments. We tested gene expression patterns and phenotypic plasticity in the Panamanian slender anole by a) measuring changes in gene expression in response to, short-term temperature change (two hours) and b) using a mesocosm experiment to measure phenotypic plasticity in response to longer-term thermal stress (one month). In response to short-term exposure, we found the brain, liver, and muscle differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that coded for heat shock proteins. Interestingly, all three tissues displayed a greater gene expression response to warm conditions relative to cool conditions. During longer-term exposure (mesocosm experiment), we found that lizards exposed to heat treatment had increased VTmax and had limited plasticity of thermoregulatory behavior. Our results provide evidence that tropical forest lizards can use gene expression and phenotypic plasticity to respond to shifting environmental temperatures, despite having evolved under thermally stable conditions. This work suggests that genomic regions that regulate pathways of heat shock response will likely be under selection in response to global climate change. Gene expression and phenotypic plasticity are processes that should be considered when predicting the future of tropical ectotherms under a changing climate.
Author : Andrew Cossins
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400931271
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Temperature Biology of Animals written by Andrew Cossins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temperature is one facet in the mosaic of physical and biotic factors that describes the niche of an animal. Ofthe physical factors it is ecologically the most important. for it is a factor that is all-pervasive and one that. in most environments. lacks spatial or temporal constancy. Evolution has produced a wide variety of adaptive strategies and tactics to exploit or deal with this variable environmental factor. The ease with which temperature can be measured. and controlled experimentally. together with its widespread influence on the affairs of animals. has understandably led to a large. dispersed literature. In spite of this no recent book provides a comprehensive treatment of the biology of animals in relation to temperature. Our intention in writing this book was to fill that gap. We hope we have provided a modern statement with a critical synthesis of this diverse field. which will be suitable and stimulating for both advanced undergraduate and post graduate students of biology. This book is emphatically not intended as a monographical review. as thermal biology is such a diverse. developed discipline that it could not be encompassed within the confines of a book of this size.
Author : Erin Lea Marnocha
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Evolutionary Change in Human-altered Habitats written by Erin Lea Marnocha and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Francesco de Bello
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108472915
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Trait-Based Ecology written by Francesco de Bello and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-03-11 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trait-based ecology is rapidly expanding. This comprehensive and accessible guide covers the main concepts and tools in functional ecology.
Author : Peter M. Kareiva
Publisher : Sinauer Associates, Incorporated
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 582 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Biotic Interactions and Global Change written by Peter M. Kareiva and published by Sinauer Associates, Incorporated. This book was released on 1992 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on papers presented at a workshop held at Friday Harbor Laboratories, San Juan Island, Washington, on Sept. 20-23, 1991.
