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Telecommunications And Universal Service
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Book Synopsis Making Universal Service Policy by : Barbara A. Cherry
Download or read book Making Universal Service Policy written by Barbara A. Cherry and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1999-08-01 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the outgrowth of shared interests between the editors and the contributing authors to provide a multidisciplinary perspective in evaluating universal service policy and recommending policy changes to accommodate a more competitive telecommunications environment. The book is interdisciplinary in nature to reflect the extremely complex context in which universal service policy is formed. The chapter authors represent a broad cross-section of disciplinary training, professional positions, and relationships in the telecommunications industry. Academic disciplines represented include law, economics, anthropology, communication, and business. This book's purpose is to significantly enhance the development of effective telecommunications universal service policy among policymakers, industry members, and stakeholders in the United States. Universal service policy has been, and will continue to be, both enabled and constrained by the simultaneous interaction of social, political, technological, and economic forces in the environment in which it is formed. A more effective process for policy design is to seek agreement on how entitlements embedded in universal service policy should be modified as circumstances invariably change over time. Therefore, the volume reflects recent significant developments in U.S. universal service policy--the implementation of which continues to unfold.
Book Synopsis Universal Service by : Milton Mueller
Download or read book Universal Service written by Milton Mueller and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 1997 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effective June 1, 1998, The MIT Press no longer distributes titles for the AEI Press. Orders for this book should be placed with: AEI Press c/o Publishers Resources, Inc. 1224 Heil Quaker Blvd. P.O. Box 7001 La Vergne, TN 37086-7001
Book Synopsis Universal Service in a Competitive Local Exchange Telecommunications Environment by : Donald Gale
Download or read book Universal Service in a Competitive Local Exchange Telecommunications Environment written by Donald Gale and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2006-05-22 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The telecommunications industry has evolved into a very competitive industry since 1980. Aggressive competition is the norm in the long distance, equipment, operator services and many other segments of the industry. The remaining segment of the market without widespread meaningful competition is the "last-mile" wireline service to the customer premise. Incumbent local exchange carriers enjoy a monopoly to serve nearly all residences and most business customers, collecting over 99% of all local exchange service revenues. Using their monopoly status, incumbents have developed a cross-subsidy system which uses the rates paid by some customers to lower the rates paid by others to support a policy known as "universal service." This policy has resulted in telephone service reaching 94% of America's households. Carriers claim that this policy cost them $20 billion annually, potential entrants claim the true cost is as low as $4 billion and the rest is profit. In the Telecommunications Act of 1996, Congress ordered the end of the local exchange monopoly and opened the local markets to competition. Congress also specified the continuation of universal service, specified that telephone penetration should be increased and specified that the universal service concept will be applied to America's schools, libraries and rural health centers. Congress also specified that, unlike today, all carriers will contribute fairly and equitably fairly to the universal service fund and that all carriers providing local service, including new competitors, will be eligible to receive support from the fund. The cost to meet these requirements in a competitive environment totals $7.2 billion, or 5.1% of net carrier revenue. This thesis addresses the definition of universal service and the services that should be eligible for support, the new competitive environment, how to collect the universal service support fund, and how to best distribute the funds to customers targeted to receive support from the system: those in high-cost areas, low-income consumers, and schools and libraries for advanced communications services.
Book Synopsis New Issues in Universal Service Obligation by : Cristina Murroni
Download or read book New Issues in Universal Service Obligation written by Cristina Murroni and published by Institute for Public Policy Research. This book was released on 1995 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Telecommunications and the Internet Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :164 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Universal Service by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Telecommunications and the Internet
Download or read book Universal Service written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Telecommunications and the Internet and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Balancing Competition and Universal Service by : Phyllis Bernt
Download or read book Balancing Competition and Universal Service written by Phyllis Bernt and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Telecommunications and the Internet Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :134 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis The Future of Universal Service by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Telecommunications and the Internet
Download or read book The Future of Universal Service written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Telecommunications and the Internet and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Telecommunications and Universal Service by : Seán Ó Siochrú
Download or read book Telecommunications and Universal Service written by Seán Ó Siochrú and published by IDRC. This book was released on 1996 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Telecommunications and Universal Service: International experience in the context of South African policy reform
Book Synopsis Regulating Telecommunications in South Africa by : Charley Lewis
Download or read book Regulating Telecommunications in South Africa written by Charley Lewis and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2021-06-25 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the first full account of the 20-year story of universal access and service in South Africa’s ICT sector. From 1994 the country’s first democratic government set out to redress the deep digital divide afflicting the overwhelming majority of its citizens, already poor and disenfranchised, but likewise marginalised in access to telephone infrastructure and services. By this time, an incipient global policy regime was driving reforms in the telecomms sector, and also developing good practice models for universal service. Policy diffusion thus led South Africa to adopt, adapt and implement a slew of these interventions. In particular, roll-out obligations were imposed on licensees, and a universal service fund was established. But an agency with a universal service mandate was also created; and licences in under-serviced areas were awarded. The book goes on to identify and analyse the policy success and failure of each of these interventions, and suggests some lessons to be learned.
Book Synopsis Telecommunications by : Peter F. Guerrero
Download or read book Telecommunications written by Peter F. Guerrero and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2002-06 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an overview of current federal and state universal service support programs and discusses the potential impact of emerging Internet-based voice communications on how these programs are funded. The long-standing goal of universal service -- affordable residential telephone service for all Americans -- has resulted in a variety of federal and state support programs. Over the years, these programs have evolved as the telephone industry's structure changed and universal service benefits were extended to new groups, such as schools and libraries. Charts and tables.
Book Synopsis Telecommunications by : Lorelei St. James
Download or read book Telecommunications written by Lorelei St. James and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011-05 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The FCC¿s Low-Income Program, administered by the Universal Service Administrative Co. and supported by the Universal Service Fund, provides low-income households with discounts on installation costs for new telephone service and monthly charges for basic telephone service. This report examined: (1) how program participation and support payments have changed over the last 5 years (2005-2009), and factors that may have affected participation; (2) the extent to which goals and measures are used to manage the program; and (3) the extent to which mechanisms are in place to evaluate program risks and monitor controls over compliance with program rules. Includes recommendations. Charts and tables. A print on demand report.
Book Synopsis Who Pays for Universal Service? by : Robert W. Crandall
Download or read book Who Pays for Universal Service? written by Robert W. Crandall and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In virtually every country, the price of residential access to the telephone network is kept low and cross-subsidized by business services, long distance calling, and various other telephone services. This pricing practice is widely defended as necessary to promote "universal service," but Crandall and Waverman show that it has little effect on telephone subscriptions while it has major harmful effects on the value of all telephone service. The higher prices for long distance calls reduce calling, shift the burden of paying for the network to those whose social networks are widely dispersed. Therefore, many poor and rural households--the intended beneficiaries of the pricing strategy--are forced to pay far more for telephone service than they would if prices reflected the cost of service. Despite these burdens, Congress has extended the subsidies to advanced services for schools, libraries, and rural health facilities. Crandall and Waverman show that other regulated utilities are not burdened with similarly inefficient cross-subsidy schemes, yet universality of water, natural gas, and electricity service is achieved. As local telephone service competition develops in the wake of the 1996 Telecommunications Act, the universal-service subsidy system will have to change. Subsidies will have to be paid from taxes on telecom services and paid directly to carriers or subscribers. Crandall and Waverman show that an intrastate tax designed to pay for each state's subsidized subscriptions is far less costly to the economy than an interstate tax. Robert W. Crandall is a senior fellow in Economic Studies at the Brookings Institution. Leonard Waverman is a visiting professor at the London Business School, on leave from the University of Toronto. They are coauthors of Talk Is Cheap: The Promise of Regulatory Reform in North American Telecommunications (Brookings, 1995).
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Telecommunications and the Internet Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :160 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (8 download)
Book Synopsis Universal Service: The high-cost fund by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Telecommunications and the Internet
Download or read book Universal Service: The high-cost fund written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Telecommunications and the Internet and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Telecommunications Act by : Charles B. Goldfarb
Download or read book Telecommunications Act written by Charles B. Goldfarb and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2006 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1996, Congress enacted comprehensive reform of the nation's statutory and regulatory framework for telecommunications by passing the Telecommunications Act, which substantially amended the 1934 Communications Act. The general objective of the 1996 Act was to open up markets to competition by removing unnecessary regulatory barriers to entry. At that time, the industry was characterised by service-specific networks that did not compete with one another: circuit-switched networks provided telephone service and coaxial cable networks provided cable service. The act created distinct regulatory regimes for these service-specific telephone networks and cable networks that included provisions intended to foster competition from new entrants that used network architectures and technologies similar to those of the incumbents. This intramodal competition has proved very limited. But the deployment of digital technologies in these previously distinct networks has led to market convergence and intermodal competition, as telephone, cable, and even wireless networks increasingly are able to offer voice, data, and video services over a single broadband platform. the current market environment, but not on how to modify it. The debate focuses on how to foster investment, innovation, and competition in both the physical broadband network and in the applications that ride over that network while also meeting the many non-economic objectives of U.S. telecommunications policy: universal service, homeland security, public safety, diversity of voices, localism, consumer protection, etc. This book explores these issues and includes the act in its entirety.
Book Synopsis Competition in Telecommunications by : Jean-Jacques Laffont
Download or read book Competition in Telecommunications written by Jean-Jacques Laffont and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors analyze regulatory reform and the emergence of competitionin network industries using the state-of-the-art theoretical tools ofindustrial organization, political economy, and the economics ofincentives.
Book Synopsis Telecommunications: Federal and State Universal Service Programs and Challenges to Funding by :
Download or read book Telecommunications: Federal and State Universal Service Programs and Challenges to Funding written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Title 1 of the Communications Act of 1934 sets forth the nation's telecommunications policy, including making communication services available so far as possible, to all the people of the United States. Early efforts by FCC, state regulators, and industry to promote universal service generally began in the 1950s. At that time, increasing amounts of the costs associated with providing local telephone service were recovered from rates for long distance services. This had the effect of lowering local telephone rates and raising long distance rates, which was intended to make basic local telephone service more affordable. Because American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T)provided both nationwide long distance service and local telephone service to approximately 80 percent of the nation's telephone subscribers, universal service was largely promoted by shifting costs between different customers and services.
Book Synopsis Crs Report for Congress by : Congressional Research Service: The Libr
Download or read book Crs Report for Congress written by Congressional Research Service: The Libr and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-11 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
