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Tectonic And Environmental Reconstructions Perspectives From Geochemistry And Isotopes Of Sedimentary Rocks
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Book Synopsis Tectonic and Environmental Reconstructions: Perspectives from Geochemistry and Isotopes of Sedimentary Rocks by : Kai-Jun Zhang
Download or read book Tectonic and Environmental Reconstructions: Perspectives from Geochemistry and Isotopes of Sedimentary Rocks written by Kai-Jun Zhang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-06-02 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tectonics and Geochemistry of the Northeastern Caribbean by : Edward G. Lidiak
Download or read book Tectonics and Geochemistry of the Northeastern Caribbean written by Edward G. Lidiak and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tibetan Plateau Uplift and Environmental Impacts: New Progress and Perspectives by : Yibo Yang
Download or read book Tibetan Plateau Uplift and Environmental Impacts: New Progress and Perspectives written by Yibo Yang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-10-20 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Geochemistry and Geochronology of Paleozoic Sedimentary and Plutonic Rocks in the Eastern Tianshan by : Xiaoran Zhang
Download or read book Geochemistry and Geochronology of Paleozoic Sedimentary and Plutonic Rocks in the Eastern Tianshan written by Xiaoran Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Geochemistry and Geochronology of Paleozoic Sedimentary and Plutonic Rocks in the Eastern Tianshan: Implications for the Evolution of the Southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt" by Xiaoran, Zhang, 张晓冉, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: The Eastern Tianshan Belt (ETB) represents an important component of the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) between Eastern Europe-Siberia and Tarim-North China, and thus its evolution is of vital importance in understanding the evolution of the southern CAOB. Although extensive investigations were carried out on the ETB in the last decade, controversies still surround the accretionary and collisional processes operative during the development of one microcontinent (Central Tianshan; CTS) and two oceans (Junggar and South Tianshan). This Ph.D. research attempts to resolve the controversial issues by incorporating detrital zircon study with petrological, geochronological and geochemical investigations on Paleozoic sedimentary/magmatic rocks in the ETB. New detrital zircon studies on late Paleozoic (meta-)sedimentary rocks from the North (NTS) and South Tianshan (STS) indicate that the CTS was once part of the northern Tarim during Precambrian time because of their indistinguishable detrital zircon age profiles and Hf isotope compositions. Particularly, Ordovician-Silurian (475-440 Ma) detrital zircons with low negative εHf(t) values predominatein Paleozoic sediments in and surrounding the CTS (including northern Tarim), suggesting that coeval magmatic rocks constituted the main body of the CTS at that time. In combination with previous studies, the CTS most probably developed as a continental arc along the northern Tarim, facing the subduction of the Junggar oceanic plate in the early Paleozoic, with its crust progressively thickened in a compressional environment during subduction zone advance, which gave rise to the generation of thickened lower curst-derived adakitic rocks in the CTS at 450 Ma. Through applying zircon Hf isotope mapping of Paleozoic (500-380 Ma) magmatism from different tectonic units of the ETB, the incipient opening of the STS back-arc basin along the northern Tarim is restricted to have occurred in the Late Ordovician, which is consistent with the discovery of 450 Ma adakitic rocks in the CTS and is further substantiated by the fact that well-defined ophiolitic rocks in the STS are mostly younger than 445 Ma. The opening of the STS back-arc basin, accompanied with the separation of the CTS as a microcontinent, was probably triggered by the concurrent rollback of the Junggar oceanic plate, resulting in a regional tectonic switching from subduction zone advance (before 450 Ma) to retreat (since 450-440 Ma), as supported by the immediate change in detrital zircon εHf(t) values from dominantly negative to positive, the exhumation of high-pressure mafic granulites at the northern margin of the CTS at 430 Ma and the emergence of a series of Devonian-Carboniferous island arcs in the Junggar Ocean. The closure of the eastern segment of the STS Ocean between CTS and Beishan most likely took place in the Late Devonian, as evidenced by the occurrence of 380 Ma regional metamorphism in the southern CTS, whereas the Junggar Ocean was most probably closed in the latest Carboniferous, as evidenced by recognition of 300 Ma regional metamorphism in the northern CTS, consistent with 325-310 Ma mafic-felsic magmatism showing subduction-related signatures and 290 Ma mafic plutons exhibiting within-plate basalt affinities. Subjects:
Author :William F. Ruddiman Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :9780306456428 Total Pages :566 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (564 download)
Book Synopsis Tectonic Uplift and Climate Change by : William F. Ruddiman
Download or read book Tectonic Uplift and Climate Change written by William F. Ruddiman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-10-31 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Researchers in fields as diverse as geology, geophysics, atmospheric sciences, geochemistry, sedimentation/geomorphology, paleoceanography, and paleobotany present data and models that address and evaluate this premise.
Book Synopsis Monsoon Evolution and Tectonics by : Peter D. Clift
Download or read book Monsoon Evolution and Tectonics written by Peter D. Clift and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2010 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Earth's climate varies through geological time as a result of external, orbital processes, as well as the positions of continents, growth of mountains and the opening and closure of oceanic gateways. Climate modelling suggests that the intensity of the Asian monsoon should correlate, at least in part, with the uplift history of the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalaya, as well as the evolution of gateways and the retreat of shallow seas in Central Asia. Long-term reconstructions of both mountain building and monsoon activity are key to testing the proposed links. This collection of papers presents a series of new studies documenting the variations of the Asian monsoon on orbital and tectonic timescales, together with the impact this has had on environmental conditions. The issue of which proxies are best suited to measuring monsoons is addressed, as is the effect that the monsoon has had on erosion and the formation of the stratigraphic record both on and offshore.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Environmental Isotope Geochemistry by : Mark Baskaran
Download or read book Handbook of Environmental Isotope Geochemistry written by Mark Baskaran and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-13 with total page 944 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applications of radioactive and stable isotopes have revolutionized our understanding of the Earth and near-earth surface processes. The utility of the isotopes are ever-increasing and our sole focus is to bring out the applications of these isotopes as tracers and chronometers to a wider audience so that they can be used as powerful tools to solve environmental problems. New developments in this field remain mostly in peer-reviewed journal articles and hence our goal is to synthesize these findings for easy reference for students, faculty, regulators in governmental and non-governmental agencies, and environmental companies. While this volume maintains its rigor in terms of its depth of knowledge and quantitative information, it contains the breadth needed for wide variety problems and applications in the environmental sciences. This volume presents all of the newer and older applications of isotopes pertaining to the environmental problems in one place that is readily accessible to readers. This book not only has the depth and rigor that is needed for academia, but it has the breadth and case studies to illustrate the utility of the isotopes in a wide variety of environments (atmosphere, oceans, lakes, rivers and streams, terrestrial environments, and sub-surface environments) and serves a large audience, from students and researchers, regulators in federal, state and local governments, and environmental companies.
Book Synopsis Sediment Provenance by : Rajat Mazumder
Download or read book Sediment Provenance written by Rajat Mazumder and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-10-08 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sediment Provenance: Influences on Compositional Change from Source to Sink provides a thorough and inclusive overview that features data-based case studies on a broad range of dynamic aspects in sedimentary rock structure and deposition. Provenance data plays a critical role in a number of aspects of sedimentary rocks, including the assessment of palaeogeographic reconstructions, the constraints of lateral displacements in orogens, the characterization of crust which is no longer exposed, the mapping of depositional systems, sub-surface correlation, and in predicting reservoir quality. The provenance of fine-grained sediments—on a global scale—has been used to monitor crustal evolution, and sediment transport is paramount in considering restoration techniques for both watershed and river restoration. Transport is responsible for erosion, bank undercutting, sandbar formation, aggradation, gullying, and plugging, as well as bed form migration and generation of primary sedimentary structures. Additionally, the quest for reservoir quality in contemporary hydrocarbon exploration and extraction necessitates a deliberate focus on diagenesis. This book addresses all of these challenges and arms geoscientists with an all-in-one reference to sedimentary rocks, from source to deposition. - Provides the latest data available on various aspects of sedimentary rocks from their source to deposition - Features case studies throughout that illustrate new data and critical analyses of published data by some of the world's most pre-eminent sedimentologists - Includes more than 150 illustrations, photos, figures, and diagrams that underscore key concepts
Book Synopsis Arid Zone Geomorphology by : David S. G. Thomas
Download or read book Arid Zone Geomorphology written by David S. G. Thomas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-02-08 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of Arid Zone Geomorphology aims to encapsulate the advances that have been made in recent years in the investigation and explanation of landforms and geomorphological processes in drylands. Building on the success of the previous two editions, the Third Edition has been completely revised and updated to reflect the latest developments in the field. Whilst this latest edition will remain a comprehensive reference to the subject, the book has been restructured to include regional case studies throughout to enhance student understanding and is clearly defined into five distinct sections; Firstly, the book introduces the reader to Large Scale Controls and Variability in Drylands and then moves on to consider Surface Processes and Characteristics; The Work of Water, The Work of the Wind. The book concludes with a section on Living with Dryland Geomorphology that includes a chapter on geomorphological hazards and the human impact on these environments. Once again, recognised world experts in the field have been invited to contribute chapters in order to present a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of current knowledge about the processes shaping the landscape of deserts and arid regions. In order to broaden the appeal of the Third Edition, the book has been reduced in extent by 100 pages and the Regional chapters have been omitted in favour of the inclusion of key regional case studies throughout the book. The Editor is also considering the inclusion of a supplementary website that could include further images, problems and case studies.
Book Synopsis Lake Records of Environmental and Climate Change on the Tibetan Plateau by : Zhang Chengjun
Download or read book Lake Records of Environmental and Climate Change on the Tibetan Plateau written by Zhang Chengjun and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-11-07 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Meso - and Neoarchean Tectonic Evolution of the Northwestern Superior Province by : Jennifer E. Parks
Download or read book Meso - and Neoarchean Tectonic Evolution of the Northwestern Superior Province written by Jennifer E. Parks and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What tectonic processes were operating in the Archean, and whether they were similar to the "modern-style" plate tectonics seen operating today, is a fundamental question about Archean geology. The Superior Province is the largest piece of preserved Archean crust on Earth. As such it provides an excellent opportunity to study Archean tectonic processes. Much work has been completed in the southern part of the Superior Province. A well-documented series of discrete, southward younging orogenies related to a series of northward dipping subduction zones, has been proposed for amalgamating this part of the Superior Province. The tectonic evolution in the northwestern Superior Province is much less constrained, and it is unclear if it is related to the series of subduction zones in the southern part of the Superior Province, or if it is related to an entirely different process. Such ideas need to be tested in order to develop a concise model for the Meso - and Neoarchean tectonic evolution of the northwestern Superior Province. To this end, a field mapping, U-Pb geochronology, Nd isotope, and lithogeochemistry study was undertaken in the Island Lake greenstone belt. This granite-greenstone belt is part of the northern margin of the North Caribou terrane, a larger reworked Mesoarchean crustal block located in the northwestern Superior Province. U-Pb TIMS zircon geochronology data shows that the Island Lake greenstone belt experienced a long and complex geological history that included the deposition of three distinct volcanic assemblages at ca. 2897 Ma, 2852 Ma, and 2744 Ma, as well as a younger clastic sedimentary group, the Island Lake group. All of these volcanic assemblages include felsic and mafic volcanic rocks, as well as a suite of contemporaneous plutonic rocks. The U-Pb data set shows that the Savage Island shear zone, a regional fault structure that transects the Island Lake greenstone belt, is not a terrane-bounding feature as correlative supracrustal assemblages are observed on both sides of it. The Nd isotope data shows that the volcanic assemblages and contemporaneous plutons have been variably contaminated by an older ca. 3.0 Ga crustal source. The mafic volcanic rocks in the assemblages have two distinct geochemical signatures, and show a pattern of decreasing crustal contamination with decreasing age. Together these data suggests that the Meso - and Neoarchean volcanic assemblages are part of an intact primary volcanic stratigraphy that were built on the same ca. 3.0 Ga basement and have autochthonous relationships with each other. This basement is the North Caribou terrane. The youngest sedimentary group in the belt, the Island Lake group, was deposited between 2712 Ma and 2699 Ma. It consists of "Timiskaming-type" sedimentary rocks, and is the youngest clastic sedimentary package in the belt. A detailed study of detrital zircons in units from the stratigraphic bottom to the top of the sedimentary group indicates an age pattern of detrital zircons that is most consistent with a scenario in which sediments were deposited in inter-diapiric basins created by diapirism and sagduction (i.e., vertical tectonic) processes. During the diapiric ascent of the felsic material, inter-diapiric basins were formed in the synclines between adjacent domes, into which sediments were deposited. U-Pb zircon TIMS geochronology identified two ages of deformation in the Island Lake greenstone belt. Two dykes that crosscut an older, D1 foliation place a minimum age of ca. 2723 Ma on the D1 deformation, and two syn-kinematic dykes date movement along two transpressional shear zones to 2700 Ma. Together all these data indicate that the tectonic evolution in the Island Lake greenstone belt and in the northwestern Superior Province took place in three main stages. The first two stages involved the generation of Meso - and Neoarchean volcanic assemblages and contemporaneous plutonic rocks due to southward dipping subduction under the North Caribou micro-continent. The third stage involved the deposition of late "Timiskaming-type" sediments during vertical tectonic processes in conjunction with horizontal tectonic movement along late transpressional shear zones at ca. 2.70 Ga. At the end of this process the North Superior superterrane was terminally docked to the North Caribou terrane along the North Kenyon fault. This study shows that while a version of horizontal or "modern" style plate tectonics were operating in the Archean, vertical tectonic processes were also occurring and that these processes operated synchronously in the Neoarchean.
Book Synopsis New Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey by :
Download or read book New Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis New Publications of the Geological Survey by : Geological Survey (U.S.)
Download or read book New Publications of the Geological Survey written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geochemistry written by Miloš René and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-03-10 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geochemistry includes new contributions to the field of granite rocks geochemistry, mineralogy, petrology and microstructure studies, geochemistry of radioactive isotopes, and geochronology. It contains detailed geochemical, mineralogical, petrological, sedimentological and geostructural studies from Europa, Asia, Africa, South America and Australia Chapters present geochemical exploration methods, isotopic studies, and macro- and microstructural analyses.
Download or read book Geochemistry written by William M. White and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-01-22 with total page 1218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the field of geochemistry. The book first lays out the ‘geochemical toolbox’: the basic principles and techniques of modern geochemistry, beginning with a review of thermodynamics and kinetics as they apply to the Earth and its environs. These basic concepts are then applied to understanding processes in aqueous systems and the behavior of trace elements in magmatic systems. Subsequent chapters introduce radiogenic and stable isotope geochemistry and illustrate their application to such diverse topics as determining geologic time, ancient climates, and the diets of prehistoric peoples. The focus then broadens to the formation of the solar system, the Earth, and the elements themselves. Then the composition of the Earth itself becomes the topic, examining the composition of the core, the mantle, and the crust and exploring how this structure originated. A final chapter covers organic chemistry, including the origin of fossil fuels and the carbon cycle’s role in controlling Earth’s climate, both in the geologic past and the rapidly changing present. Geochemistry is essential reading for all earth science students, as well as for researchers and applied scientists who require an introduction to the essential theory of geochemistry, and a survey of its applications in the earth and environmental sciences. Additional resources can be found at: www.wiley.com/go/white/geochemistry
Book Synopsis Geochemical Signals in Dynamic Sedimentary Systems Along Continental Margins by : Natascha Riedinger
Download or read book Geochemical Signals in Dynamic Sedimentary Systems Along Continental Margins written by Natascha Riedinger and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-05-04 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Circum-Arctic Lithosphere Evolution by : V. Pease
Download or read book Circum-Arctic Lithosphere Evolution written by V. Pease and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2018-01-03 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 5-year Circum-Arctic Lithosphere Evolution (CALE) program developed new constraints on the tectonic history of the central Amerasia basin of the Arctic Ocean. This volume is the final synthesis of the CALE program, which brought together an international team of scientists to develop integrated, multi-disciplinary understanding of the region. This approach, based on the integration of much new geological and geophysical data from onshore and offshore , is necessary to advance our understanding of this basin. Regional onshore-to-offshore transects are central to the 18 papers in this volume. The diverse science supporting these crust-to-mantle regional transects includes structural, geochronological, isotopic, potential fields, and seismic reflection and refraction data. Four chapters present circum-Arctic investigations by the regional CALE teams. The final chapter addresses pan-Arctic themes. This unique collaboration, relying on new data and new syntheses of existing data sheds new light on the history of the Arctic Ocean.
