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Techniques In Microscopy For Biomedical Applications
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Book Synopsis Techniques In Microscopy For Biomedical Applications by : Terje Dokland
Download or read book Techniques In Microscopy For Biomedical Applications written by Terje Dokland and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2006-09-28 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second volume of the series Manuals in Biomedical Research, this book is aimed to be both a concise introduction to the diverse field of microscopy and a practical guide those who require the use of microscopic for methods in their research. It provides young as well as experienced scientists a state-of-the-art multidisciplinary overview of microscopic techniques, covering all the major microscopy fields in biomedical sciences and showing their application in evaluating samples ranging from molecules to cells and tissues.Microscopy has revolutionized our understanding of biological events. Within the last two decades, microscopic techniques have provided insights into the dynamics of biological processes that regulate such events. Biological discovery, to a large extent, depends on advances in imaging techniques and various microscopic techniques have emerged as central and indispensable tools in the biomedical sciences.The four authors bring with them extensive experiences spanning across disciplines such as Microbiology, Molecular and Cell Biology, Tissue Engineering, Biomedical and Regenerative Medicine and so forth, reinforcing the fact that microscopy has proven useful in countless investigations into the mysteries of life.
Book Synopsis Atomic Force Microscopy by : Pier Carlo Braga
Download or read book Atomic Force Microscopy written by Pier Carlo Braga and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-02 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The natural, biological, medical, and related sciences would not be what they are today without the microscope. After the introduction of the optical microscope, a second breakthrough in morphostructural surface analysis occurred in the 1940s with the development of the scanning electron microscope (SEM), which, instead of light (i. e. , photons) and glass lenses, uses electrons and electromagnetic lenses (magnetic coils). Optical and scanning (or transmission) electron microscopes are called “far-field microscopes” because of the long distance between the sample and the point at which the image is obtained in comparison with the wavelengths of the photons or electrons involved. In this case, the image is a diffraction pattern and its resolution is wavelength limited. In 1986, a completely new type of microscopy was proposed, which, without the use of lenses, photons, or electrons, directly explores the sample surface by means of mechanical scanning, thus opening up unexpected possibilities for the morphostructural and mechanical analysis of biological specimens. These new scanning probe microscopes are based on the concept of near-field microscopy, which overcomes the problem of the limited diffraction-related resolution inherent in conventional microscopes. Located in the immediate vicinity of the sample itself (usually within a few nanometers), the probe records the intensity, rather than the interference signal, thus significantly improving resolution. Since the most we- known microscopes of this type operate using atomic forces, they are frequently referred to as atomic force microscopes (AFMs).
Book Synopsis Optimizing Optical-sectioning Microscopy Techniques for Diverse Biomedical Applications by : Ye Chen
Download or read book Optimizing Optical-sectioning Microscopy Techniques for Diverse Biomedical Applications written by Ye Chen and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical-sectioning microscopes are powerful tools that can be used by biomedical scientists and clinicians to visualize and monitor subcellular features in thick tissues at relatively large depths (up to hundreds of microns). In clinical settings, such technologies could play a transformative role in detecting early-stage cancer and guiding the surgical resection of tumors. This dissertation focuses on optimizing optical-sectioning microscopes that utilize off-axis illumination and collection architectures to spatially filter out-of-focus and multiply-scattered photons. In particular, we will focus on overcoming certain challenges with using dual-axis confocal (DAC) microscopy and light-sheet microscopy to image biological specimens, such as mitigating resolution degradation caused by refractive heterogeneities within tissues and achieving rapid microscopic pathology of large clinical specimens. In the case of DAC microscopy, tissue-imaging performance is highly sensitive to the effects of refractive-index heterogeneities within biological specimens, which cause beam steering and distortion artifacts that lead to misalignment of the off-axis illumination and collection beam paths of a DAC microscope. Since the propagation-invariant and self-reconstructing features of Bessel beams have been shown to benefit microscopy of specimens with refractive heterogeneities, Bessel-beam illumination has been explored as a means to alleviate resolution degradation that occurs when performing tissue-imaging with DAC microscopy. Results indicate that DAC microscopy with Bessel illumination exhibits reduced resolution degradation from microscopic tissue heterogeneities compared to DAC microscopy with conventional Gaussian illumination. In the context of light-sheet microscopy, an open-top light-sheet (OTLS) microscope along with a novel fluorescent analog of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, has been developed and optimized for robust intraoperative pathology of lumpectomy margins. OTLS images of the surfaces of fresh breast samples were compared to gold-standard H&E histological images to showcase that the image quality of OTLS microscopy can approximate that of archival H&E histology of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. In addition, preliminary results suggest that OTLS microscopy is compatible with downstream archival H&E histology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses, which are currently relied upon for definitive clinical diagnoses. These results facilitate the clinical translation of OTLS microscopy for intraoperative guidance of breast conserving surgery as well as other surgical oncology procedures.
Book Synopsis Biomedical Optical Phase Microscopy and Nanoscopy by : Natan T. Shaked
Download or read book Biomedical Optical Phase Microscopy and Nanoscopy written by Natan T. Shaked and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-11-05 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by leading optical phase microscopy experts, this book is a comprehensive reference to phase microscopy and nanoscopy techniques for biomedical applications, including differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy, phase contrast microscopy, digital holographic microscopy, optical coherence tomography, tomographic phase microscopy, spectral-domain phase detection, and nanoparticle usage for phase nanoscopy The Editors show biomedical and optical engineers how to use phase microscopy for visualizing unstained specimens, and support the theoretical coverage with applied content and examples on designing systems and interpreting results in bio- and nanoscience applications. Provides a comprehensive overview of the principles and techniques of optical phase microscopy and nanoscopy with biomedical applications. Tips/advice on building systems and working with advanced imaging biomedical techniques, including interpretation of phase images, and techniques for quantitative analysis based on phase microscopy. Interdisciplinary approach that combines optical engineering, nanotechnology, biology and medical aspects of this topic. Each chapter includes practical implementations and worked examples.
Book Synopsis Development of Novel Imaging Tools for Selected Biomedical Applications by : Omar E. Olarte
Download or read book Development of Novel Imaging Tools for Selected Biomedical Applications written by Omar E. Olarte and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the quest for better and faster images of cellular and subcellular structures, biology-oriented optical microscopes have advanced significantly in the last few decades. Novel microscopy techniques such as non-linear microscopy (NLM), including two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) and second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy, and light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) are emerging as alternatives that overcome some the intrinsic limitations of standard microscopy systems. In this thesis I aimed to advance such techniques even more, and combine them with other photonic technologies to provide novel tools that would help to address complex biological questions. This thesis is organized in two main parts. The first part is dedicated to applications involving femtosecond lasers that are employed for precise microsurgery. For that, damage assessment methodologies based on NLM were developed and tested in relevant biomedical models. In the second part, wavefront engineering methods were employed to enhance the imaging capabilities of light-sheet microscopy systems. These novel methodologies were tested as well in relevant biological applications. This thesis is, therefore, organized as follows: In chapter 1, a brief and comprehensive review of the basic microscopy techniques employed in this thesis is presented, together with the challenges and achievements of this thesis in sequential order. In chapter 2, a multimodal imaging methodology for the assessment of laser induced collateral damage is presented. This was specifically developed for the control of the damage in femtosecond-laser dissection of single axons within a living Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Here, it is shown that collateral damages at the level of the myosin structure of the muscles adjacent to the axon, can be readily detected. In chapter 3, the optimized multimodal methodology developed in the chapter 2 was employed for minimally invasive dissection of axons of D-type motoneurons in C elegans. Here, a microfluidic chip for C elegans immobilization and a detailed protocol was employed to evaluate the axon regeneration of such neurons. The potential of such platform for testing drugs with regeneration-enhancing capabilities is also presented. In chapter 4, a novel use of TPEF microscopy is presented to characterize and fine tune the laser for photodisruption of excised human crystalline lens samples. In chapter 5, a thorough description of the implementation of a multimodal Digital Scanned Light-Sheet Microscope (DSLM) able to work in the linear and nonlinear regimes under either Gaussian or Bessel beam excitation schemes, is presented. The enhanced capabilities of the developed system is evaluated using in vivo C. elegans samples and multicellular tumor spheroids In chapter 6, the development of a completely new concept in light sheet-based imaging is presented. This is based on the extension of the depth-of-field of the lens in the emission path of the microscope by using wavefront coding (WFC) techniques. Furthermore, I demonstrate the application of the developed methodology for fast volumetric imaging of living biological specimens and 3D particle tracking.
Book Synopsis Biomedical Applications of Microprobe Analysis by : Peter Ingram
Download or read book Biomedical Applications of Microprobe Analysis written by Peter Ingram and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1999-10-29 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomedical Applications of Microprobe Analysis is a combination reference/laboratory manual for the use of microprobe analysis in both clinical diagnostic and research settings. Also called microchemical microscopy, microprobe analysis uses high-energy bombardment of cells and tissue, in combination with high resolution EM or confocal microscopy to provide a profile of the ion, metal, and mineral concentrations present in a sample. This allows insight into the physiology and pathophysiology of a wide variety of cells and tissues.This book describes methods for obtaining detailed information about the identity and composition of particles too small to be seen with the naked eye and describes how this information can be useful in diagnostic and biomedical research. Up-to-date review of electron microprobe analysis Detailed descriptions of sample preparation techniques Recent technologies including confocal microscopy, infrared microspectroscopy, and laser raman spectroscopy Over 100 illustrations with numerous specific applications Contributions by world-renowned experts in the field Brief summary of highlights precedes each chapter
Book Synopsis Handbook of Biomedical Nonlinear Optical Microscopy by : Barry R. Masters
Download or read book Handbook of Biomedical Nonlinear Optical Microscopy written by Barry R. Masters and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-05-19 with total page 895 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ideal for cell biologists, life scientists, biomedical engineers, and clinicians, this handbook provides comprehensive treatment of the theories, techniques, and biomedical applications of nonlinear optics and microscopy.
Book Synopsis Nonlinear Microscopy Techniques: Principles and Biomedical Applications by : Javier Adur
Download or read book Nonlinear Microscopy Techniques: Principles and Biomedical Applications written by Javier Adur and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonlinear optical microscopy techniques have emerged as a set of successful tools within the biomedical research field. These techniques have been successfully used to study autofluorescence signals in living tissues, structural protein arrays, and to reveal the presence of lipid bodies inside the tissular volume. In the first section, the nonlinear contrast technique foundations is described, and also, a practical approach about how to build and combine this setup on a single confocal system platform shall be provided. In the next section, examples of the usefulness of these approaches to detect early changes associated with the progression of different epithelial and connective tissular diseases are presented.
Book Synopsis Microscopy Techniques by : Jens Rietdorf
Download or read book Microscopy Techniques written by Jens Rietdorf and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-06-23 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions by numerous experts
Book Synopsis Biomedical Optical Phase Microscopy and Nanoscopy by : Natan T. Shaked
Download or read book Biomedical Optical Phase Microscopy and Nanoscopy written by Natan T. Shaked and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-31 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by leading optical phase microscopy experts, this book is a comprehensive reference to phase microscopy and nanoscopy techniques for biomedical applications, including differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy, phase contrast microscopy, digital holographic microscopy, optical coherence tomography, tomographic phase microscopy, spectral-domain phase detection, and nanoparticle usage for phase nanoscopy The Editors show biomedical and optical engineers how to use phase microscopy for visualizing unstained specimens, and support the theoretical coverage with applied content and examples on designing systems and interpreting results in bio- and nanoscience applications. Provides a comprehensive overview of the principles and techniques of optical phase microscopy and nanoscopy with biomedical applications Tips/advice on building systems and working with advanced imaging biomedical techniques, including interpretation of phase images, and techniques for quantitative analysis based on phase microscopy Interdisciplinary approach that combines optical engineering, nanotechnology, biology and medical aspects of this topic. Each chapter includes practical implementations and worked examples
Book Synopsis Biomedical Electron Microscopy by : Arvid B. Maunsbach
Download or read book Biomedical Electron Microscopy written by Arvid B. Maunsbach and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1998-11-03 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference illustrates optimal preparation methods in biological electron microscopy compared with common methodological problems. Not only will the basic methodologies of transmission electron microscopy like fixation, microtomy, and microscopy be presented, but the authors also endeavor to illustrate more specialized techniques such as negative staining, autoradiography, cytochemistry, immunoelectron microscopy, and computer-assisted image analysis. Authored by the key leaders in the biological electron microscopy field Illustrates both optimal and suboptimal or artifactual results in a variety of electron microscopy disciplines Introduces students on how to read and interpret electron micrographs
Book Synopsis Microscopy Applied to Biophotonics by : F.S. Pavone
Download or read book Microscopy Applied to Biophotonics written by F.S. Pavone and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2014-07-16 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biophotonics and microscopy are highly inter-related fields in terms of both technological development and biomedical applications. Recent advances in microscopy have been paralleled by new opportunities for biophotonics, including the investigation and manipulation of biological phenomena using light and its application to biomedicine. This book contains papers from the Enrico Fermi International School of Physics on Microscopy Applied to Biophotonics, held in Varenna, Italy, in July 2011. The lectures spanned the basic science of imaging, through advanced microscopy techniques, to the state-of-the-art in biomedical imaging, and were complemented by seminars from world leaders in biophotonics. Subjects covered include: an overview of biophotonics; fundamentals of microscopy and an introduction to nonlinear microscopy; fluorescence; lasers for biophotonics; and an introduction to ultra-microscopy.
Book Synopsis Methods of Preparation for Electron Microscopy by : David G. Robinson
Download or read book Methods of Preparation for Electron Microscopy written by David G. Robinson and published by Springer. This book was released on 1987 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1939, when the electron optics laboratory of Siemens & Halske Inc. began to manufacture the first electron microscopes, the biological and medical profes sions had an unexpected instrument at their disposal which exceeded the reso lution of the light microscope by more than a hundredfold. The immediate and broad application of this new tool was complicated by the overwhelming prob lems inherent in specimen preparation for the investigation of cellular struc tures. The microtechniques applied in light microscopy were no longer appli cable, since even the thinnest paraffin layers could not be penetrated by electrons. Many competent biological and medical research workers expressed their anxiety that objects in high vacuum would be modified due to complete dehydration and the absorbed electron energy would eventually cause degrada tion to rudimentary carbon backbones. It also seemed questionable as to whether it would be possible to prepare thin sections of approximately 0. 5 11m from heterogeneous biological specimens. Thus one was suddenly in posses sion of a completely unique instrument which, when compared with the light microscope, allowed a 10-100-fold higher resolution, yet a suitable preparation methodology was lacking. This sceptical attitude towards the application of electron microscopy in bi ology and medicine was supported simultaneously by the general opinion of colloid chemists, who postulated that in the submicroscopic region of living structures no stable building blocks existed which could be revealed with this apparatus.
Book Synopsis Biomedical Light Microscopy by : J. James
Download or read book Biomedical Light Microscopy written by J. James and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New interest in light microscopy of the last few years has not been backed up by adequate general literature. This book intends to fill the gap between specialized texts on detailed topics and general introductory booklets, mostly dealing with the use of the conventional light microscope only. In this short textbook both new developments in microscopy and basic facts of image formation will be treated, including often neglected topics such as axial resolving power, lens construction, photomicrography and correct use of phase-en interference contrast systems. Theoretical background will be dealt with as far as necessary for a well-considered application of these techniques enabling a deliberate choice for the approach of a certain problem. Over 150 illustrations (photomicrographs and diagrams) complete the information on microscopy of the nineties in the biomedical field, intended for scientists, doctors, technicians and research students. Many drawings have been contributed by the illustrator R. Kreuger; the photographic work has been executed by J. Peeterse. Secretarial assistance in preparing the manuscript was given by Ms T. M. S. Pierik. Dr M. J. Pearson has corrected the English of the final text.
Book Synopsis Atomic Force Microscopy in Biomedical Research by : Pier Carlo Braga
Download or read book Atomic Force Microscopy in Biomedical Research written by Pier Carlo Braga and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2011-08-25 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With its ability to explore the surface of the sample by means of a local scanning probe and its use of dedicated software allows to be visualize results, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has revolutionized the study of the smallest aspects of life. Atomic Force Microscopy in Biomedical Research: Methods and Protocols proves that this technology is no longer simply just another form of microscopy but has given rise to a completely new way of using microscopy that fulfils the dreams of all microscopists: being able to touch, move, and interact with the sample while it is being examined, thus making it possible to discover not only morphological but also chemical and physical structural information. Covering such topics as molecule imaging, nanoscale surface analysis and cellular imaging, force-spectroscopy, investigating drug action, and AFM as a nanotool, this volume features the most up-to-date techniques currently in use. Written in the Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and expert tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Atomic Force Microscopy in Biomedical Research: Methods and Protocols brings together different types of applications in order to provide examples from diverse fields in the hope of inspiring researchers to apply their ingenuity in their own specialization and add significant originality to their varying studies.
Book Synopsis Label-Free Super-Resolution Microscopy by : Vasily Astratov
Download or read book Label-Free Super-Resolution Microscopy written by Vasily Astratov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-08-31 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the advances in super-resolution microscopy in physics and biomedical optics for nanoscale imaging. In the last decade, super-resolved fluorescence imaging has opened new horizons in improving the resolution of optical microscopes far beyond the classical diffraction limit, leading to the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2014. This book represents the first comprehensive review of a different type of super-resolved microscopy, which does not rely on using fluorescent markers. Such label-free super-resolution microscopy enables potentially even broader applications in life sciences and nanoscale imaging, but is much more challenging and it is based on different physical concepts and approaches. A unique feature of this book is that it combines insights into mechanisms of label-free super-resolution with a vast range of applications from fast imaging of living cells to inorganic nanostructures. This book can be used by researchers in biological and medical physics. Due to its logically organizational structure, it can be also used as a teaching tool in graduate and upper-division undergraduate-level courses devoted to super-resolved microscopy, nanoscale imaging, microscopy instrumentation, and biomedical imaging.
Book Synopsis Methods in Cellular Imaging by : Ammasi Periasamy
Download or read book Methods in Cellular Imaging written by Ammasi Periasamy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-05-27 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in technology have revolutionized the development of light microscopy techniques in biomedical research, thus improving visualization of the microstructure of cells and tissues under physiological conditions. Fluorescence microscopy methods are non-contact and non-invasive and provide high spatial and temporal resolution that other laboratory techniques cannot. This well-illustrated book targets graduate students and scientists who are new to the state-of-the-art fluorescence microscopy techniques used in biological and clinical imaging. It explains basic concepts and imaging procedures for wide-field, confocal, multiphoton excitation, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), lifetime imaging (FLIM), spectral imaging, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), optical tweezers, total internal reflection, high spatial resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM), and bioluminescence imaging for gene expression. The usage of these techniques in various biological applications, including calcium, pH, membrane potential, mitochondrial signaling, protein-protein interactions under various physiological conditions, and deep tissue imaging, is clearly presented. The authors describe the approaches to selecting epifluorescence microscopy, the detectors, and the image acquisition and processing software for different biological applications. Step-by-step directions on preparing different digital formats for light microscopy images on websites are also provided.
