Taxonomy, Morphology, Masticatory Function and Phylogeny of Heterodontosaurid Dinosaurs

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Publisher : PenSoft Publishers LTD
ISBN 13 : 9546426520
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (464 download)

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Book Synopsis Taxonomy, Morphology, Masticatory Function and Phylogeny of Heterodontosaurid Dinosaurs by : Paul C. Sereno

Download or read book Taxonomy, Morphology, Masticatory Function and Phylogeny of Heterodontosaurid Dinosaurs written by Paul C. Sereno and published by PenSoft Publishers LTD. This book was released on 2012-10-03 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This major study on heterodontosaurid dinosaurs is the first to review the taxonomy, morphology, functional anatomy, and phylogeny of this important early radiation of small-bodied herbivores. Heterodontosaurids persisted for approximately 100 My, from Late Triassic to Early Cretaceous time, during which they evolved some of the most sophisticated dentitions for processing plant materials. Some species required reevaluation to establish unequivocally their status as heterodontosaurids, such as Echinodon from rocks in southern England, one of the first and smallest dinosaurs ever described. Tianyulong from northern China is described in more detail in the study and is shown to have unusual skeletal proportions, including a relatively large skull and very short forelimb. A new taxon, Pegomastax africanus gen. n. sp. n., is described from southern Africa with a short parrot-shaped bill. Tooth replacement and tooth-to-tooth wear is more common than previously thought among heterodontosaurids, which the author argues are herbivores despite their prominent caniniform teeth. Heterodontosaurds appear to have split early in their history into a northern group with primitive, subtriangular crowns and a southern group with deeper crown proportions.

The Rise of Reptiles

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Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 1421428687
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (214 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rise of Reptiles by : Hans-Dieter Sues

Download or read book The Rise of Reptiles written by Hans-Dieter Sues and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2019-08-06 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The defining masterwork on the evolution of reptiles. Over 300 million years ago, an early land vertebrate developed an egg that contained the embryo in an amnion, allowing it to be deposited on land. This moment marked the first step in the fascinating and complex evolutionary journey of the reptiles. In The Rise of Reptiles, paleontologist Hans-Dieter Sues explores the diversity of reptilian lineages, discussing the relationships among turtles, crocodylians, lizards and snakes, and many extinct groups. Reflecting the tremendous advances in the study of reptilian diversity and phylogeny over recent decades, this book is the first detailed, contemporary synthesis of the evolutionary history of these remarkable animals. Reptiles have always confused taxonomists, who have endlessly debated and rewritten their classifications. In this book, Sues adopts an explicitly phylogenetic framework to sift through the evidence and discuss the origin and diversification of Reptilia in a way no one has before. He also examines the genealogical link between dinosaurs and birds and sheds new light on the Age of Reptiles, a period that saw the rise and fall of most dinosaurs. With this single meticulously researched volume, Sues paints a complete portrait of reptilian evolution. Numerous photographs of key specimens from around the world introduce readers to the reptilian fossil record, and color images of present-day reptiles illustrate their diversity. The extensive bibliography provides an invaluable guide for readers who are interested in exploring individual topics more deeply. Accurate, synthetic, and sweeping, The Rise of Reptiles is the definitive work on the subject.

Vertebrate Palaeontology

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1394195087
Total Pages : 692 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (941 download)

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Book Synopsis Vertebrate Palaeontology by : Michael J. Benton

Download or read book Vertebrate Palaeontology written by Michael J. Benton and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-10-07 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All-new edition of the world’s leading vertebrate palaeontology textbook, now addressing key evolutionary transitions and ecological drivers for vertebrate evolution Richly illustrated with colour illustrations of the key species and cladograms of all major vertebrate taxa, Vertebrate Palaeontology provides a complete account of the evolution of vertebrates, including macroevolutionary trends and drivers that have shaped their organs and body plans, key transitions such as terrestrialization, endothermy, flight and impacts of mass extinctions on biodiversity and ecological drivers behind the origin of chordates and vertebrates, their limbs, jaws, feathers, and hairs. This revised and updated fifth edition features numerous recent examples of breakthrough discoveries in line with the current macroevolutionary approach in palaeontology research, such as the evolutionary drivers that have shaped vertebrate development. Didactical features have been enhanced and include new functional and developmental feature spreads, key questions, and extensive references to useful websites. Written by a leading academic in the field, Vertebrate Palaeontology discusses topics such as: Palaeozoic fishes, including Cambrian vertebrates, placoderms (‘armour-plated monsters’), Pan-Chondrichthyes such as sharks and rays, and Osteichthyes (‘bony fishes’) The first tetrapods, covering problems of life on land, diversity of Carboniferous tetrapods and temnospondyls and reptiliomorphs following the Carboniferous Mesozoic reptiles, such as Testudinata (turtles), Crocodylomorpha, Pterosauria, Dinosauria, great sea dragons and Lepidosauria (lizards and snakes) Mammals of the southern and northern hemispheres, covering Xenarthra (sloths, anteaters), Afrotheria (African mammals), Laurasiatheria (bats, ungulates, carnivores), and Euarchontoglires (rodents, primates) A highly comprehensive and completely up-to-date reference on vertebrate evolution, Vertebrate Palaeontology is an ideal learning aid for palaeontology courses in biology and geology departments. The text is also highly valuable to enthusiasts who want to experience the flavour of how modern research in the field is conducted.

The Story of the Dinosaurs in 25 Discoveries

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Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231546467
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis The Story of the Dinosaurs in 25 Discoveries by : Donald R. Prothero

Download or read book The Story of the Dinosaurs in 25 Discoveries written by Donald R. Prothero and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-16 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, any kid can rattle off the names of dozens of dinosaurs. But it took centuries of scientific effort—and a lot of luck—to discover and establish the diversity of dinosaur species we now know. How did we learn that Triceratops had three horns? Why don’t many paleontologists consider Brontosaurus a valid species? What convinced scientists that modern birds are relatives of ancient Velociraptor? In The Story of the Dinosaurs in 25 Discoveries, Donald R. Prothero tells the fascinating stories behind the most important fossil finds and the intrepid researchers who unearthed them. In twenty-five vivid vignettes, he weaves together dramatic tales of dinosaur discoveries with what modern science now knows about the species to which they belong. Prothero takes us from eighteenth-century sightings of colossal bones taken for biblical giants through recent discoveries of enormous predators even larger than Tyrannosaurus. He recounts the escapades of the larger-than-life personalities who made modern paleontology, including scientific rivalries like the nineteenth-century “Bone Wars.” Prothero also details how to draw the boundaries between species and explores debates such as whether dinosaurs had feathers, explaining the findings that settled them or keep them going. Throughout, he offers a clear and rigorous look at what paleontologists consider sound interpretation of evidence. An essential read for any dinosaur lover, this book teaches us to see an ancient world ruled by giant majestic creatures anew.

General Biology, Archosauria, Chelonia

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Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110385953
Total Pages : 612 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis General Biology, Archosauria, Chelonia by : Ulrich Joger

Download or read book General Biology, Archosauria, Chelonia written by Ulrich Joger and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2024-08-05 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With more than 10,000 known species, recent reptiles (excluding birds) are the most specious tetrapod class. Their diversity is high, and many of them are frequently used as model organisms in phylogeographic and ecological studies. On the other hand, unique aspects of their biology are still being studied and important contributions to their understanding have just been issued. These aspects include the evolution of viviparity and of venom glands, metabolic regulation in poikilotherms, their ecophysiological tolerance and neurobiological and sensorial capacities such as infrared imaging and chemosensitivity. Genetic and developmental phenomena such as parthenogenesis and temperature-dependent sex determination are also special to reptiles. They are generally important for understanding evolutionary processes in vertebrates. The latest results of worldwide research on dinosaurs and other fossil reptiles, crocodiles and turtles conclude this first volume of Reptilia in the Handbook of Zoology.

Ruling Reptiles

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Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 0253066476
Total Pages : 693 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis Ruling Reptiles by : Holly N. Woodward

Download or read book Ruling Reptiles written by Holly N. Woodward and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2023-09-05 with total page 693 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern crocodylians—crocodiles, alligators, caiman (Central and South America), and gharials (India)—have evolved over 250 million years from a fully terrestrial, bipedal ancestor. Along with birds, crocodylians are the only living members of Archosauria, the group including nonavian dinosaurs. Ruling Reptiles features contributions on a broad range of topics surrounding crocodylian evolution and biology including osteology, osteohistology, developmental biology, myology, odontology, functional morphology, allometry, body size estimation, taphonomy, parasitology, ecology, thermophysiology, and ichnology. It demonstrates how the wide variety of these studies can also provide crucial insights into dinosaurian biology and evolution. Featuring the latest findings and interpretations, Ruling Reptiles: Crocodylian Biology and Archosaur Paleobiology is an essential resource for zoologists, biologists, and paleontologists.

An Illustrated Guide to Dinosaur Feeding Biology

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Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 1421445875
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (214 download)

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Book Synopsis An Illustrated Guide to Dinosaur Feeding Biology by : Ali Nabavizadeh

Download or read book An Illustrated Guide to Dinosaur Feeding Biology written by Ali Nabavizadeh and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2023-06-13 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This beautifully illustrated exploration of the diversity, anatomy, and evolution of dinosaur feeding adaptations is the first and only in-depth look at this crucial aspect of paleoecology. In An Illustrated Guide to Dinosaur Feeding Biology, experts Ali Nabavizadeh and David B. Weishampel bring dinosaurs to life on the page by exploring and illustrating their feeding adaptations. Whether dinosaurs were carnivorous, herbivorous, or omnivorous, their evolution produced a multitude of specialized adaptations that helped shape their ecologies. Dinosaur skulls show a variety of bone and joint specializations ideal for withstanding stresses and strains induced by high bite forces with strong jaw musculature. The bladed, steak-knife dentition of many carnivorous dinosaurs was well-suited for slicing meat and crushing bones, while the leaf-shaped, sometimes tightly packed dentition of many herbivorous dinosaurs was ideal for grinding up a variety of plant material. The first book of its kind, An Illustrated Guide to Dinosaur Feeding Biology is a synthesis of over a century of dinosaur feeding biology research, from the earliest hypotheses in the 1800s to today's studies using advanced techniques. Intended for both researchers and dinosaur enthusiasts alike, this book discusses functional morphological studies highlighting comparative anatomy, tooth wear, muscle reconstruction, and biomechanical analysis using modeling techniques like finite element analysis and multibody dynamics analysis. In addition to the feeding apparatus, Nabavizadeh and Weishampel explore postcranial adaptations and discuss the evolution of dinosaurs and their paleoecology more broadly. Integrating these various factors improves our understanding of dinosaurs as the living beings they were in their ecosystems millions of years ago and ultimately expands our knowledge and perspective of today's ecosystems by framing them in a broader evolutionary context.

The Tales Teeth Tell

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262348934
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis The Tales Teeth Tell by : Tanya M. Smith

Download or read book The Tales Teeth Tell written by Tanya M. Smith and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2018-10-23 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What human teeth can tell us about our evolution, development, and behavior . . . This fascinating, accessible study will “put a smile on your face with its weird facts about primate dentistry and the shrinking grins of modern-day humans” (Washington Post). Our teeth have intriguing stories to tell. These sophisticated time machines record growth, diet, and evolutionary history as clearly as tree rings map a redwood's lifespan. Each day of childhood is etched into tooth crowns and roots—capturing birth, nursing history, environmental clues, and illnesses. The study of ancient, fossilized teeth sheds light on how our ancestors grew up, how we evolved, and how prehistoric cultural transitions continue to affect humans today. In The Tales Teeth Tell, biological anthropologist Tanya Smith offers an engaging and surprising look at what teeth tell us about the evolution of primates—including our own uniqueness. Humans’ impressive set of varied teeth provides a multipurpose toolkit honed by the diet choices of our mammalian ancestors. Fossil teeth, highly resilient because of their substantial mineral content, are all that is left of some long-extinct species. Smith explains how researchers employ painstaking techniques to coax microscopic secrets from these enigmatic remains. Counting tiny daily lines provides a way to estimate age that is more powerful than any other forensic technique. Dental plaque—so carefully removed by dental hygienists today—records our ancestors' behavior and health in the form of fossilized food particles and bacteria, including their DNA. Smith also traces the grisly origins of dentistry, reveals that the urge to pick one’s teeth is not unique to humans, and illuminates the age-old pursuit of “dental art.” The book is generously illustrated with original photographs, many in color.

Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030497534
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics by : Guntupalli V.R. Prasad

Download or read book Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics written by Guntupalli V.R. Prasad and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-23 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book recognizes and celebrates the contributions of Professor Ashok Sahni to the field of paleontology. Prof. Sahni established a School of Vertebrate Palaeontology at Panjab University, Chandigarh, India, where he trained many of today’s vertebrate paleontologists of India. The book covers topics on evolutionary patterns, macroevolutionary events, origination and radiation events, changes in physical environments & climate and their implications for biodiversity dynamics, intercontinental affinities and biogeographic connections in a plate tectonic framework. The book begins by exploring India in the age of the dinosaurs, discussing new fossil remains from the Jurassic Era, then moves through the Cretaceous and Eocene to provide a picture on faunal and floral changes in Gondwanaland in the context of plate tectonics. Furthermore, the book explores the evolutionary patterns and biotic dispersals that resulted from the northward drift of Indian plate during the Cretaceous and its collision with Asia in the Eocene. The respective chapters reveal the role of plate tectonics and climate in shaping the geographical distribution of plants and animals in Gondwana, specifically in India, as well as the post-India/Asia collision implications for biodiversity changes and biogeography in the region’s continental environments. Given its scope, the book will appeal to vertebrate paleontologists, evolutionary biologists, and paleobiogeographers.

Noah's Ravens

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Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 0253037166
Total Pages : 656 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis Noah's Ravens by : James O. Farlow

Download or read book Noah's Ravens written by James O. Farlow and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can the tracks of dinosaurs best be interpreted and used to reconstruct them? In many Mesozoic sedimentary rock formations, fossilized footprints of bipedal, three-toed (tridactyl) dinosaurs are preserved in huge numbers, often with few or no skeletons. Such tracks sometimes provide the only clues to the former presence of dinosaurs, but their interpretation can be challenging: How different in size and shape can footprints be and yet have been made by the same kind of dinosaur? How similar can they be and yet have been made by different kinds of dinosaurs? To what extent can tridactyl dinosaur footprints serve as proxies for the biodiversity of their makers? Profusely illustrated and meticulously researched, Noah's Ravens quantitatively explores a variety of approaches to interpreting the tracks, carefully examining within-species and across-species variability in foot and footprint shape in nonavian dinosaurs and their close living relatives. The results help decipher one of the world's most important assemblages of fossil dinosaur tracks, found in sedimentary rocks deposited in ancient rift valleys of eastern North America. Those often beautifully preserved tracks were among the first studied by paleontologists, and they were initially interpreted as having been made by big birds—one of which was jokingly identified as Noah's legendary raven.

The Evolution of Feathers

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030272230
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of Feathers by : Christian Foth

Download or read book The Evolution of Feathers written by Christian Foth and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-11 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feathers are one of the most unique characteristics of modern birds and represent the most complex and colourful type of skin derivate within vertebrates, while also fulfilling various biological roles, including flight, thermal insulation, display, and sensory function. For years it was generally assumed that the origin of flight was the main driving force for the evolution of feathers. However, various discoveries of dinosaur species with filamentous body coverings, made over the past 20 years, have fundamentally challenged this idea and produced new evolutionary scenarios for the origin of feathers. This book is devoted to the origin and evolution of feathers, and highlights the impact of palaeontology on this research field by reviewing a number of spectacular fossil discoveries that document the increasing morphological complexity along the evolutionary path to modern birds. Also featuring chapters on fossil feather colours, feather development and its genetic control, the book offers a timely and comprehensive overview of this popular research topic.

Phylonyms

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429821204
Total Pages : 1030 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (298 download)

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Book Synopsis Phylonyms by : Kevin de Queiroz

Download or read book Phylonyms written by Kevin de Queiroz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-04-30 with total page 1030 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phylonyms is an implementation of PhyloCode, which is a set of principles, rules, and recommendations governing phylogenetic nomenclature. Nearly 300 clades - lineages of organisms - are defined by reference to hypotheses of phylogenetic history rather than by taxonomic ranks and types. This volume will document the Real World uses of PhyloCode and will govern and apply to the names of clades, while species names will still be governed by traditional codes. Key Features Provides clear regulations for implementing new guidelines for naming lineages of organisms incorporates expressly evolutionary and phylogenetic principles Works with existing codes of nomenclature Eliminates the reliance on rank-based classification in favor of phylogenetic relationships Related Titles: Rieppel, O. Phylogenetic Systematics: Haeckel to Hennig (ISBN 978-1-4987-5488-0) Cantino, P. D. and de Queiroz, K. International Code of Phylogenetic Nomenclature (PhyloCode) (ISBN 978-1-138-33282-9).

Dinosaur Paleobiology

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470656581
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis Dinosaur Paleobiology by : Stephen L. Brusatte

Download or read book Dinosaur Paleobiology written by Stephen L. Brusatte and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-04-30 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of dinosaurs has been experiencing a remarkable renaissance over the past few decades. Scientific understanding of dinosaur anatomy, biology, and evolution has advanced to such a degree that paleontologists often know more about 100-million-year-old dinosaurs than many species of living organisms. This book provides a contemporary review of dinosaur science intended for students, researchers, and dinosaur enthusiasts. It reviews the latest knowledge on dinosaur anatomy and phylogeny, how dinosaurs functioned as living animals, and the grand narrative of dinosaur evolution across the Mesozoic. A particular focus is on the fossil evidence and explicit methods that allow paleontologists to study dinosaurs in rigorous detail. Scientific knowledge of dinosaur biology and evolution is shifting fast, and this book aims to summarize current understanding of dinosaur science in a technical, but accessible, style, supplemented with vivid photographs and illustrations. The Topics in Paleobiology Series is published in collaboration with the Palaeontological Association, and is edited by Professor Mike Benton, University of Bristol. Books in the series provide a summary of the current state of knowledge, a trusted route into the primary literature, and will act as pointers for future directions for research. As well as volumes on individual groups, the series will also deal with topics that have a cross-cutting relevance, such as the evolution of significant ecosystems, particular key times and events in the history of life, climate change, and the application of a new techniques such as molecular palaeontology. The books are written by leading international experts and will be pitched at a level suitable for advanced undergraduates, postgraduates, and researchers in both the paleontological and biological sciences. Additional resources for this book can be found at: http://www.wiley.com/go/brusatte/dinosaurpaleobiology.

Dinosaurs and Other Reptiles from the Mesozoic of Mexico

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Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 0253012716
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis Dinosaurs and Other Reptiles from the Mesozoic of Mexico by : Héctor E. Rivera-Sylva

Download or read book Dinosaurs and Other Reptiles from the Mesozoic of Mexico written by Héctor E. Rivera-Sylva and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-15 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This overview of dinosaur discoveries in Mexico synthesizes current information about the geography and environment of the region during the Mesozoic when it was the western margin of the ancient continent of Pangea. The book summarizes research on various groups, including turtles, lepidosauromorphs, plesiosaurs, crocodyliforms, pterosaurs, and last but not least, dinosaurs. In addition, chapters focus on trackways and other trace fossils and on K/P boundary (the Chicxulub crater, beneath the Gulf of Mexico, has been hypothesized as the site of the boloid impact that killed off the dinosaurs). Dinosaurs and Other Reptiles from the Mesozoic of Mexico is an up-to-date, informative volume on an area that has not been comprehensively described until now.

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 864 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology by :

Download or read book Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Constructional Morphology and Evolution

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642761569
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)

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Book Synopsis Constructional Morphology and Evolution by : Norbert Schmidt-Kittler

Download or read book Constructional Morphology and Evolution written by Norbert Schmidt-Kittler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Constructional morphology explains features of organisms from a constructional and functional point of view. By means of physical analysis it explains the operational aspects of organic structures - how they can perform the activities organisms are expected to fulfil in order to survive in their environment. Constructional morphology also explains options and constraints during the evolution determined by internal constructional needs, ontogenetic demands, inherited organizational preconditions and environmental clues.

The Sauropods

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Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520932331
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis The Sauropods by : Kristina Curry Rogers

Download or read book The Sauropods written by Kristina Curry Rogers and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2005-12-16 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sauropod dinosaurs were the largest animals ever to walk the earth, and they represent a substantial portion of vertebrate biomass and biodiversity during the Mesozoic Era. The story of sauropod evolution is told in an extensive fossil record of skeletons and footprints that span the globe and 150 million years of earth history. This generously illustrated volume is the first comprehensive scientific summary of sauropod evolution and paleobiology. The contributors explore sauropod anatomy, detail its variations, and question the myth that life at large size led to evolutionary stagnation and eventual replacement by more "advanced" herbivorous dinosaurs. Chapters address topics such as the evolutionary history and diversity of sauropods; methods for creating three-dimensional reconstructions of their skeletons; questions of sauropod herbivory, tracks, gigantism, locomotion, reproduction, growth rates, and more. This book, together with the recent surge in sauropod discoveries around the world and taxonomic revisions of fragmentary genera, will shed new light on "nature's greatest extravagances."