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Synthesis Characterization And Catalytic Evaluation Of Tio2 Based Sol Gel Made Catalysts Supported V2o5 For The Removal Of Nox In The Presence Of Benzene
Download Synthesis Characterization And Catalytic Evaluation Of Tio2 Based Sol Gel Made Catalysts Supported V2o5 For The Removal Of Nox In The Presence Of Benzene full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Synthesis Characterization And Catalytic Evaluation Of Tio2 Based Sol Gel Made Catalysts Supported V2o5 For The Removal Of Nox In The Presence Of Benzene ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Evaluation of TiO2-based Sol/gel-made Catalysts Supported V2O5 for the Removal of NOx in the Presence of Benzene by : Nicolaos Economidis
Download or read book Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Evaluation of TiO2-based Sol/gel-made Catalysts Supported V2O5 for the Removal of NOx in the Presence of Benzene written by Nicolaos Economidis and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synthesis, Characterization, and Activity of Al2O3/SiO2/TiO2 Loaded with V2O5 Catalysts for the De-NOx Reaction with Ammonia by : Robert F. Coil
Download or read book Synthesis, Characterization, and Activity of Al2O3/SiO2/TiO2 Loaded with V2O5 Catalysts for the De-NOx Reaction with Ammonia written by Robert F. Coil and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synthesis, Physicochemical Characterization, and Catalytic Evaluation of Three-dimensionally Ordered Macroporous Metal Oxide Catalysts and Photocatalysts by : Mohammed Abdulmajeed Al-Daous
Download or read book Synthesis, Physicochemical Characterization, and Catalytic Evaluation of Three-dimensionally Ordered Macroporous Metal Oxide Catalysts and Photocatalysts written by Mohammed Abdulmajeed Al-Daous and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sol-Gel Synthesis Strategies for Tailored Catalytic Materials by : Serena Esposito
Download or read book Sol-Gel Synthesis Strategies for Tailored Catalytic Materials written by Serena Esposito and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-30 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the synthesis of catalytic materials with improved and tailored functionalities via the sol-gel method. Beginning with a general outline of traditional sol-gel chemistry, the book gradually explores surrounding topics, such as the formation of porous structures, while guiding the overall discussion toward the synthesis of heterogeneous catalysts and focusing throughout on the structure-activity relationship in catalytic materials. Featuring several case studies covering major current industrial applications, the book is an ideal guide for researchers looking to tailor catalytic materials for a specific catalytic process and thus exploiting the versatility of the “traditional” sol-gel method.
Book Synopsis Sol-gel Synthesis, Characterization and Activity of Alumina Supported Nanoparticle CuO-NiO-CeO2 Catalysts for Water-gas-shift (WGS) Reaction by : Ramakrishna S. Garudadri
Download or read book Sol-gel Synthesis, Characterization and Activity of Alumina Supported Nanoparticle CuO-NiO-CeO2 Catalysts for Water-gas-shift (WGS) Reaction written by Ramakrishna S. Garudadri and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Influence of Catalyst Synthesis Method on Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) of NO by NH3 with V2O5-WO3/TiO2 Catalysts by :
Download or read book Influence of Catalyst Synthesis Method on Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) of NO by NH3 with V2O5-WO3/TiO2 Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We compared the molecular structures, surface acidity and catalytic activity for NO/NH3/O2 SCR of V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalysts for two different synthesis methods: co-precipitation of aqueous vanadium and tungsten oxide precursors with TiO(OH)2 and by incipient wetness impregnation of the aqueous precursors on a reference crystalline TiO2 support (P25; primarily anatase phase). Bulk analysis by XRD showed that co-precipitation results in small and/or poorly ordered TiO2(anatase) particles and that VOx and WOx do not form solid solutions with the bulk titania lattice. Surface analysis of the co-precipitated catalyst by High Sensitivity-Low Energy Ion Scattering (HS-LEIS) confirms that the VOx and WOx are surface segregated for the co-precipitated catalysts. In situ Raman and IR spectroscopy revealed that the vanadium and tungsten oxide components are present as surface mono-oxo O = VO3 and O = WO4 sites on the TiO2 supports. Co-precipitation was shown for the first time to also form new mono-oxo surface VO4 and WO4 sites that appear to be anchored at surface defects of the TiO2 support. IR analysis of chemisorbed ammonia showed the presence of both surface NH3* on Lewis acid sites and surface NH4+* on Brønsted acid sites. TPSR spectroscopy demonstrated that the specific SCR kinetics was controlled by the redox surface VO4 species and that the surface kinetics was independent of TiO2 synthesis method or presence of surface WO5 sites. SCR reaction studies revealed that the surface WO5 sites possess minimal activity below ~325 °C and their primary function is to increase the adsorption capacity of ammonia. A relationship between the SCR activity and surface acidity was not found. The SCR reaction is controlled by the surface VO4 sites that initiate the reaction at ~200 °C. The co-precipitated catalysts were always more active than the corresponding impregnated catalysts. Finally, we ascribe the higher activity of the co-precipitated catalysts to the presence of the new surface WOx sites associated surface defects on the TiO2 support that increase the ammonia adsorption capacity.
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Support-modified Nanoparticle-based Catalysts and Mixed Oxide Catalysts for Low Temperature CO Oxidation by : Andrew Justin Binder
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Support-modified Nanoparticle-based Catalysts and Mixed Oxide Catalysts for Low Temperature CO Oxidation written by Andrew Justin Binder and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heterogeneous catalysts are responsible for billions of dollars of industrial output and have a profound, if often understated, effect on our everyday lives. New catalyst technologies and methods to enhance existing catalysts are essential to meeting consumer demands and overcoming environmental concerns. This dissertation focuses on the development of catalysts for low temperature carbon monoxide oxidation. CO [carbon monoxide] oxidation is often used as a probe reaction to test overall oxidation activity of a given catalyst and is an important reaction in the elimination of toxic pollutants from automotive exhaust streams. The work included here presents three new heterogeneous catalysts developed over the last 4 years in our group. The first type Au/SiO2 [gold/silica] catalyst synthesized using a new method for the deposition of Au nanoparticles onto SiO2 via a nitrogen-containing polymer, C3N4 [carbon nitride]. C3N4-modification of SiO2 allows us to ignore unfavorable electrostatic effects that hinder standard Au deposition onto this support. While removal of the C3N4 is necessary for good CO oxidation, this new method is an improvement over the standard deposition-precipitation procedure for supports with low isoelectric point that enables the successful deposition of Au nanoparticles onto SiO2. The second type includes precious metal catalysts deposited on an “inert” silica support but promoted by the addition of an “active” metal oxide. Here we present a Au/FeOx̳/SiO2 [gold/iron oxide/silica] and a Pd/ZrO2/SiO2 [palladium/zirconia/silica] catalyst which show increased activity and stability effects due to the presence of the metal oxide promoter. They are synthesized by a C3N4-deposition and sol-gel methods, respectively. These catalysts were also tested in simulated automotive exhaust streams. The results show that inhibition effects play a major role in the activity of these catalysts. The third type of catalyst is a mixed oxide catalyst, CuO-Co3O4-CeO2 [copper oxide-cobalt oxide-cerium oxide], developed with the goal of overcoming the inhibition effects seen in the previous precious metal catalysts. The catalyst was synthesized by co-precipitation method and shows exceptional activity for CO oxidation under simulated exhaust conditions. Also noteworthy is the observation that this catalyst also shows a lack of inhibition by a common exhaust component, propene.
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development and Characterization of Mixed Oxide Catalysts for the Selective Catlytic Reduction of Nitric Oxide from Stationary Sources Using Amonnia by :
Download or read book Development and Characterization of Mixed Oxide Catalysts for the Selective Catlytic Reduction of Nitric Oxide from Stationary Sources Using Amonnia written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seven first row transition metals were deposited on various commercial TiO2, SiO2, and Al2 O3 supports to create mono- and bimetallic catalysts that were compared in the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide using ammonia at low temperatures ranging from 373-523 K. The catalyst with the highest activity both in the absence and presence of water in the feed was 20 wt.% Mn/Hombikat TiO2 synthesized from a nitrate precursor and calcined below 673 K. Under those conditions, it was capable of achieving 100% NO conversion at 393 K. Numerous surface characterization techniques were used to identify the surface properties that result in highly active and selective low temperature SCR catalysts. The deposition of manganese as MnO2, the ease of reducibility of the metal oxide, and the symmetric deformation of ammonia coordinated to Lewis acid sites at 1167 cm−1, were all found to be important for good catalytic performance. No synergistic effects were observed from combinations of the three most active transition metals. However, MnO x -NiO/TiO2 had an extended lifetime relative to MnO x /TiO2 in feeds containing SO2 . The extensive data collected from in-situ FTIR experiments in the presence of NO and NH 3 were used to propose a reaction mechanism for MnO x /TiO2 that begins with the coordination of NH3 over Mn4 species and proceeds through the formation of bridged nitrates. A combination of potentiometric titrations and UV/Vis spectroscopy were used to quantify the reduction of V5 to V4 after the addition of oxalic acid as the solution is aged. After approximately four hours, the aging vanadium oxalate solution reaches steady state, and the final distribution of the vanadium present is 89% V+4 and 11% V+5 . TiO2 supported monolayer catalysts synthesized from the aged (V+4) vanadium oxalate solution consistently outperformed catalysts made from freshly prepared (V+5) vanadium oxalate solutions. Surface characterization revealed that surface acid sites increase in strength and vanadia reduces more easily in catalysts synthesized from aged vanadium oxalate solutions, which enhances reaction mechanism depends upon acid sites and redox operation.
Book Synopsis TiO2 Photocatalysts Prepared Via a Sol-gel Route Assisted by P- and F- Containing Additives by : Yige Yan
Download or read book TiO2 Photocatalysts Prepared Via a Sol-gel Route Assisted by P- and F- Containing Additives written by Yige Yan and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this work consists in synthesizing TiO2 nanomaterials designed for the degradation of VOCs and for the elimination of bacteria on surface. Firstly, based on a synthesis of a BmimPF6-ionic liquid-derived TiO2 material through a modified sol-gel route, the roles of two constituent elements of BmimPF6 (P and F) have been investigated by replacing BmimPF6 with P- and F- contained additives. Comparing to the reference P25 and additive-free-derived TiO2 materials, P-derived TiO2 showed already well crystallized anatase phase before calcination and a high surface area along with a small mean crystal size even after calcinations. Those properties were similar to that synthesized with the presence of BmimPF6; while F-derived TiO2 crystals showed anisotropic shape during the aging step of the synthesis. Evaluation of the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalysts has been performed then. Compared to additive-free derived TiO2 and the TiO2 P25, P- and F- derived TiO2 materials with low P and F content (“PANaF”) showed higher activity under UVA in terms of gas-phase degradation of a model VOC, Methl Ethyl Ketone (MEK). The same material also showed higher surface anti-bacterial activity under UVA in liquid against several strains of different bacterial species over that of P25. A correlation between the high photocatalytic performances with the material properties for “PANaF” TiO2 materials was finally proposed. The influences of the presence of bulk or surface PO43-, dissolved O2 concentration and surface topology on photocatalytic activity were also discussed. The cheap replacement additives used and the resulted high activity of “PANaF” TiO2 nanomaterials presents interest for industrial elaboration.
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Pt/TiO2/C Composite Catalysts for Fuel Cells Prepared Using a Glucose Modifier by : Christopher Odetola
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Pt/TiO2/C Composite Catalysts for Fuel Cells Prepared Using a Glucose Modifier written by Christopher Odetola and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalysts in the electrodes of polymer exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) serve a critical function in reactions which can be used to generate electrical energy from chemical fuels. Pt nanoparticles are commonly dispersed on a conductive support and used as electrode materials in these devices because of their exceptional catalytic activity and electrochemical active surface area. The performance and stability of these electrodes strongly depend on the characteristics of the support. Catalysts supported on high surface area carbon black are widely used in low-temperature fuel cells. In PEMFCs, these catalyst materials can be exposed to high potential and low pH values, resulting in irreversible loss of activity that will limit the useful lifetime of the cell, ultimately leading to its failure. Pt is a noble metal which has good intrinsic stability, but carbon is not thermodynamically stable resulting in the corrosion of the catalyst support under these conditions. The design of more resilient platinum catalyst supports to carry out the successful reaction in a fuel cell's catalyst layer is required to extend the lifetime of PEMFCs degradation. In this thesis, two approaches were used to synthesize robust catalyst support materials for fuel cell applications. In the first case, carbon surfaces were functionalised to enhance their interactions with the catalyst and secondly, stable metal oxide was combined with modified carbon substrates, to maximise contacts within the composite electrocatalysts and to prevent carbon corrosion of a single phase carbon support catalyst. TiO2 NPs, were first chemically bonded to the surfaces of Vulcan carbon to help anchor the Pt catalyst nanoparticles through strong metal-support interactions. Validation of a dual phase catalyst support is an important goal of this research. Each material phase offers a unique advantage that can only be recognized by the preparation of a composite electrocatalyst. Pristine Vulcan (PV) was functionalised with glucose hydroxyl functional groups that react with the base titanium metal alkoxide in a sol-gel reaction and then calcined to form a more chemically crystalline surface. This is followed by impregnation reduction process to deposit the nanostructured Pt catalyst. Material characterization data of synthesized materials were used to correlate the effects of support structure and composition on resilient performance. Advantages from the TiO2/C supports toward performance and durability were contrasted against a set of control samples and demonstrated ex situ. The prepared composite catalysts showed substantial enhancements toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) as well as improved stability of the Pt-TiO2 heterogeneous interface formed between catalyst and support. The enhanced performance and durability of these composite catalysts is improved by applying the science of materials and interfaces to the synthesis of composite supports, thus serving as an example for further progress and optimization. Irradiation of these composite catalysts with UV-visible light also showed ~ 171 % photo enhanced activity for MOR, which clearly demonstrates a synergistic effect between the photo- and electrocatalysts. The comparison between the prepared catalysts indicates that there is an appropriate ratio of carbon and TiO2 to obtain the best performance of these photoelectroactive materials. These results demonstrate that methanol oxidation is achieved by electro- and photoelectrocatalysis using a simple and affordable method. This procedure can be conveniently exploited to enhance the response of direct methanol fuel cell electrodes.
Book Synopsis Sol-gel Synthesized Cerium Promoted TiO2 as Cobalt Catalyst Support for Fischer-tropsch Synthesis by : Anwaraporn Niltharach
Download or read book Sol-gel Synthesized Cerium Promoted TiO2 as Cobalt Catalyst Support for Fischer-tropsch Synthesis written by Anwaraporn Niltharach and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx Over V2O5-WO3/TiO2 Catalysts at Elevated Pressure by : Thomas Rammelt
Download or read book Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx Over V2O5-WO3/TiO2 Catalysts at Elevated Pressure written by Thomas Rammelt and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx by : Oliver Kröcher
Download or read book Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx written by Oliver Kröcher and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-12-14 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx" that was published in Catalysts
Book Synopsis Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nox̳ Under Oxidizing Conditions Over Sol-gel Derived Alumina Catalysts by : John V. Cavataio
Download or read book Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nox̳ Under Oxidizing Conditions Over Sol-gel Derived Alumina Catalysts written by John V. Cavataio and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 and TiO2 Based Quaternary Mixed Metal Oxides Supported on Carbon and Fly Ash Based Materials by : Lerato Hlekelele
Download or read book Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 and TiO2 Based Quaternary Mixed Metal Oxides Supported on Carbon and Fly Ash Based Materials written by Lerato Hlekelele and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sol-Gel Synthesis and Characterisation of Novel Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Photocatalytic Applications by :
Download or read book Sol-Gel Synthesis and Characterisation of Novel Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Photocatalytic Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents a study of the effect of chemical modifiers and dopants on both the anatase to rutile transformation and also the photocatalytic efficiency of semiconductor nanomaterials. The main focus of the work is based on the crystallisation and phase transformation of the widely investigated semiconductor metal oxide, titanium dioxide (TiO2) Of the three polymorphs associated with titanium dioxide, anatase is widely regarded as the most effective photocatalyst. Typically anatase will transform to rutile in the temperature range 600 - 700 °C however, modification of a titanium precursor with a chelating agent can result in extended transformation temperature. The effect of employing various concentrations of formic acid and water on phase transition is systematically studied by XRD, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy (Chapter 3). Retention of anatase (41%) at increased temperatures (800 °C) and 10% at 900 °C is achieved at optimum conditions. On comparison, a control sample prepared without modification with formic acid show rutile formation at 600 °C. FTIR and Raman studies indicate that a bridging titanium-formate structure is formed upon addition of titanium isopropoxide to formic acid. It is proposed that under different reaction conditions, a syn-syn or synanti bridging structure is favoured. It is concluded that the syn-anti bridging structure hinders cross linking of the metal oxide oligomer network, resulting in a weakened structure, facilitating low temperature rutile formation when compared with the syn-syn binding mode which forms a more ordered network, stabilising anatase at increased temperatures. Using the optimum formic acid, titanium isopropoxide molar ratios (TTIP:FA:H2O, 1:4:4) obtained in chapter 3, silver (1, 3 and 5 mol %) was added to the system and the effects are reported (chapter 4). Through XRD it is shown that silver lowers the anatase to rutile transformation temperature. Samples calcined at 700 °C show that 5 mol % Ag-TiO2 contains b.
