Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Synthesis And Applications Of New Water Soluble Porphyrins And Explorations Of Synthetic Routes To Quadrone
Download Synthesis And Applications Of New Water Soluble Porphyrins And Explorations Of Synthetic Routes To Quadrone full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Synthesis And Applications Of New Water Soluble Porphyrins And Explorations Of Synthetic Routes To Quadrone ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Applications of New Water-soluble Porphyrins and Explorations of Synthetic Routes to Quadrone by : John Lewis Jacobsen
Download or read book Synthesis and Applications of New Water-soluble Porphyrins and Explorations of Synthetic Routes to Quadrone written by John Lewis Jacobsen and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Porphyrins are attractive building blocks for self-assembled functional nanomaterials because they can be modified with a wide range of substituents and they possess diverse photophysical and chemical properties that are potentially useful in applications such as solar energy conversion, molecular electronics, catalysis and sensors. Recently, ionic self-assembly of oppositely-charged porphyrin tectons has been shown to produce well-defined structures such as nanotubes and nanofiber bundles. The synthesis of a novel cationic porphyrin tecton, tin 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-piperidyl)porphyrin is described. This porphyrin can be self-assembled with porphyrins such as 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin that only ionize under neutral or basic conditions. The nanostructures and metalized nanocomposites obtained from the self-assembly reactions are characterized using electron microscopy and spectroscopic techniques. In addition the synthesis and characterization of zinc and tin complexes of T(N-EtOH-Py)P are described and the ionic self-assembly reactions of these compounds to produce cooperative binary ionic solids are discussed. Quadrone's complex tetracyclic skeletal structure has allowed it to serve as an excellent showcase molecule for total synthesis. Three distinct routes were developed and tested in hopes of achieving an elusive substituted 10-hydroxy-dec-8-ynoic acid. Route I explored the limits of 1,4-conjugate addition. We were able to reproduce work demonstrating the remarkable selectivity that organomanganese reagents show for 1,4-addition even when the beta-carbon bears germinal-dimethyl substitution. Unfortunately, the propargylic manganese reagent needed for addition could not be synthesized despite using a diverse set of conditions and reagents. The second route demonstrated that an 11-membered acetylenic lactone could be transesterified into the corresponding methyl ester. This methyl ester resisted hydrolysis in the most forcing conditions commonly used. In fact decomposition of the molecule was observed before hydrolysis was ever observed. Route III utilized the Ireland-Claisen rearrangement (ICR) to generate the highly hindered tertiary carbon alpha to the geminal dimethyl carbons. The early troubles encountered in route III were particularly surprising given the large amount of general literature precedence available for the ICR and test systems were synthesized to explore the reaction in more detail. We demonstrated that the alpha-carbon must be relatively unhindered for the reaction to proceed. When the alpha-carbon is hindered, like most of our systems were, the desired rearrengement does occur but in low yield, and unusual side reactions are observed. In the system designed for the synthesis we observe an elimination reaction that consumes the majority of the starting material. When we truncated the system to prevent elimination, a coupled product was isolated that does not appear to have been fully characterized in the literature. Our early explorations into the formation of this coupled product indicate that some reaction control exists. By not adding TMS-Cl to the reaction we have successfully prevented the ICR while still allowing the coupling reaction to occur. Additionally, it appears possible to control which isomer of the coupled product forms either through reaction time or equivalents of base present. Ultimately, further work exploring the ICR of substrates containing quaternary beta-carbons needs to be done. Our initial test systems lead one to believe that this coupling process is not unique and that more substrates have the potential to form this complex functional group.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Porphyrin Chemistry by : Penelope J. Brothers
Download or read book Fundamentals of Porphyrin Chemistry written by Penelope J. Brothers and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-06-15 with total page 887 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FUNDAMENTALS OF PORPHYRIN CHEMISTRY An indispensable and concise overview of the chemistry of porphyrins and related molecules In Fundamentals of Porphyrin Chemistry: A 21st Century Approach, a team of distinguished researchers delivers a compact and accessible introduction to the broad field of porphyrin chemistry. It discusses the basics of porphyrin synthesis and structure, as well as that of related molecules, and the current and future roles that porphyrins play in chemical transformations, materials design and synthesis, energy capture and transduction, human health, and the environment. This edited volume is a self-contained tutorial on concepts of critical importance to porphyrin chemistry and serves as the foundation for discussions about the applications of porphyrin-related compounds found in the second volume. This book contains: A thorough introduction to porphyrins, including their structure, nomenclature, naturally occurring porphyrins, synthetic porphyrins, and common families of porphyrin-related compounds Comprehensive explorations of chemical porphyrin synthesis, including how to synthesize porphyrins from simple, symmetric, and advanced ABCD-substituted porphyrins Practical discussions of the physical characteristics of porphyrins, including their structural features, electronic structure, spectroscopy, magnetism, electrochemistry, and electron transfer processes Perfect for experienced academic researchers in the field of porphyrin chemistry seeking a quick reference, Fundamentals of Porphyrin Chemistry: A 21st Century Approach is also an indispensable resource for researchers new to the field who need an overview directing them to literature in more focused areas.
Book Synopsis Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Novel Water-soluble Pyridyl Porphyrins by : Suzanne M. Moeller Quintavalla
Download or read book Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Novel Water-soluble Pyridyl Porphyrins written by Suzanne M. Moeller Quintavalla and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chiral Water-soluble Pyridyl Porphyrins by : Ankona Datta
Download or read book Chiral Water-soluble Pyridyl Porphyrins written by Ankona Datta and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Organic Electrochemistry by : Ole Hammerich
Download or read book Organic Electrochemistry written by Ole Hammerich and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-09-22 with total page 1706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Praise for the Fourth Edition"Outstanding praise for previous editions.the single best general reference for the organic chemist."-Journal of the Electrochemical Society"The cast of editors and authors is excellent, the text is, in general, easily readable and understandable, well documented, and well indexed those who purchase the book will be sa
Book Synopsis Electrochemistry of Immobilized Particles and Droplets by : Fritz Scholz
Download or read book Electrochemistry of Immobilized Particles and Droplets written by Fritz Scholz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-06 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immobilizing particles or droplets on electrodes is a novel and most powerful technique for studying the electrochemical reactions of three-phase systems. It gives access to a wealth of information, ranging from quantitative and phase analysis to thermodynamic and kinetic data of electrode processes. Three-phase electrodes with immobilized droplets provide information on the electrochemistry of redox liquids and of compounds dissolved in inert organic liquids. Such measurements allow the determination of the Gibbs energies of the transfer of cations and anions between immiscible solvents, and thus make it possible to assess the hydrophobicity of ions – a property that is of great importance for pharmaceutical applications, biological studies, and for many fields of chemistry. The monograph gives, for the first time, a comprehensive overview of the results published in more than 300 papers over the last 15 years. The experiments are explained in detail, applications from many different fields are presented, and the theoretical basis of the systems is outlined.
Download or read book Maelstrom written by Peter Watts and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2009-01-06 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Second in the Rifters Trilogy, Hugo Award-winning author Peter Watts' Maelstrom is a terrifying explosion of cyberpunk noir. This is the way the world ends: A nuclear strike on a deep sea vent. The target was an ancient microbe—voracious enough to drive the whole biosphere to extinction—and a handful of amphibious humans called rifters who'd inadvertently released it from three billion years of solitary confinement. The resulting tsunami killed millions. It's not as through there was a choice: saving the world excuses almost any degree of collateral damage. Unless, of course, you miss the target. Now North America's west coast lies in ruins. Millions of refugees rally around a mythical figure mysteriously risen from the deep sea. A world already wobbling towards collapse barely notices the spread of one more blight along its shores. And buried in the seething fast-forward jungle that use to be called Internet, something vast and inhuman reaches out to a woman with empty white eyes and machinery in her chest. A woman driven by rage, and incubating Armageddon. Her name is Lenie Clarke. She's a rifter. She's not nearly as dead as everyone thinks. And the whole damn world is collateral damage as far as she's concerned. . . . At the Publisher's request, this title is being sold without Digital Rights Management Software (DRM) applied.
Download or read book Organic Azides written by Stefan Bräse and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-23 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most current state-of-the-art overview of this important class of compounds, encompassing many new and emerging applications The number of articles on organic azides continues to increase tremendously; on average, there are more than 1000 new publications a year Covers basic chemistry as well as state-of-the-art applications in life science and materials science World-ranked authors describe their own research in the wider context of azide chemistry Includes a chapter on safe synthesis and handling (azides can decompose explosively)
Book Synopsis Biodiversity and Chemotaxonomy by : Kishan Gopal Ramawat
Download or read book Biodiversity and Chemotaxonomy written by Kishan Gopal Ramawat and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-10 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant classifications are based on morphological characters and it is difficult, particularly in small plants and grasses, to identify these below generic level on the basis of these characters using a dissecting microscope. Plant species have intra- and inter-specific variation in secondary metabolites which can be utilized as marker compounds for identification and classification of plants. Secondary metabolites are produced as a result of primary metabolism and the production of these compounds not only involves several genes but also it is an energy dependent process. Hence these products cannot be considered as insignificant for the plant and the environment. Modern tools of molecular biology and secondary metabolites present in them can definitively decide about classification of plants. Absence of correct identification of plant is associated to many problems of resource utilization. Due to wide availability of these tools, interest has revived in systematics and correct classification of plants based on these parameters for their sustainable utilization and resource management. The purpose of this book is to assess the potential of phytochemical and molecular tools in the systematic and classification of plants. The topics covered include species concept, barcoding and phylogenetic analysis, chemotaxonomy use of polyketides, carotenes, cuticular wax, volatile oils, biodiversity of corals, metazoans, Ruta and Echinocereus. It provides comprehensive and broad subject-based reviews, useful for students, teachers, researchers, and all others interested in the field. The field has been kept wide and general to accommodate the wide-ranging topics. This book will be useful to agriculturists, chemists, botanists, industrialists, and those involved in planning of crop plants.
Download or read book Photobiology written by Lars Olof Björn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photobiology - the science of light and life - begins with basic principles and the physics of light and continues with general photobiological research methods, such as generation of light, measurement of light, and action spectroscopy. In an interdisciplinary way, it then treats how organisms tune their pigments and structures to the wavelength components of light, and how light is registered by organisms. Then follow various examples of photobiological phenomena: the design of the compound eye in relation to the properties of light, phototoxicity, photobiology of the human skin and of vitamin D, photomorphogenesis, photoperiodism, the setting of the biological clock by light, and bioluminescence. A final chapter is devoted to teaching experiments and demonstrations in photobiology. This book encompasses topics from a diverse array of traditional disciplines: physics, biochemistry, medicine, zoology, botany, microbiology, etc., and makes different aspects of photobiology accessible to experts in all these areas as well as to the novice.
Book Synopsis Advances in Plant Ecophysiology Techniques by : Adela M. Sánchez-Moreiras
Download or read book Advances in Plant Ecophysiology Techniques written by Adela M. Sánchez-Moreiras and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-17 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook covers the most commonly used techniques for measuring plant response to biotic and abiotic stressing factors, including: in vitro and in vivo bioassays; the study of root morphology, photosynthesis (pigment content, net photosynthesis, respiration, fluorescence and thermoluminiscence) and water status; thermal imaging; the measurement of oxidative stress markers; flow cytometry for measuring cell cycle and other physiological parameters; the use of microscope techniques for studying plant microtubules; programmed-cell-death; last-generation techniques (metabolomics, proteomics, SAR/QSAR); hybridization methods; isotope techniques for plant and soil studies; and the measurement of detoxification pathways, volatiles, soil microorganisms, and computational biology.
Book Synopsis Modern Rhodium-Catalyzed Organic Reactions by : P. Andrew Evans
Download or read book Modern Rhodium-Catalyzed Organic Reactions written by P. Andrew Evans and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rhodium has proven to be an extremely useful metal due to its ability to catalyze an array of synthetic transformations, with quite often-unique selectivity. Hydrogenation, C-H activation, allylic substitution, and numerous other reactions are catalyzed by this metal, which presumably accounts for the dramatic increase in the number of articles that have recently emerged on the topic. P. Andrew Evans, the editor of this much-needed book, has assembled an internationally renowned team to present the first comprehensive coverage of this important area. The book features contributions from leaders in the field of rhodium-catalyzed reactions, and thereby provides a detailed account of the most current developments, including: Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation (Zhang) Rhodium-Catalyzed Hydroborations and Related Reactions (Brown) Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Addition of Organometallic Reagents to Electron Deficient Olefins (Hayashi) Recent Advances in Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Olefin Isomerization and Hydroacylation Reactions (Fu) Stereoselective Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Hydroformylation and Silylformylation Reactions and Their Application to Organic Synthesis (Leighton) Carbon-Carbon Bond-Forming Reactions Starting from Rh-H or Rh-Si Species (Matsuda) Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization and Cyclotrimerization Reactions (Ojima) The Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Alder-ene Reaction (Brummond) Rhodium-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Ring Cleaving Reactions of Allylic Ethers and Amines (Fagnou) Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Allylic Substitution Reactions and their Applications to Target Directed Synthesis (Evans) Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed [2+2+1] and [4+1] Carbocyclization Reactions (Jeong) Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed [4+2] and [4+2+2] Carbocyclizations (Robinson) Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed [5+2], [6+2], and [5+2+1] Cycloadditions: New Reactions for Organic Synthesis (Wender) Rhodium(II)-Stabilized Carbenoids Containing both Donor and Acceptor Substituents (Davies) Chiral Dirhodium(II)Carboxamidates for Asymmetric Cyclopropanation and Carbon-Hydrogen Insertion Reactions (Doyle) Cyclopentane Construction by Rhodium(II)-Mediated Intramolecular C-H Insertion (Taber) Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Oxidative Amination (DuBois) Rearrangement Processes of Oxonium and Ammonium Ylides Formed by Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Carbene-Transfer (West) Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions (Austin) "Modern Rhodium-Catalyzed Organic Reactions" is an essential reference text for researchers at all levels in the general area of organic chemistry. This book provides an invaluable overview of the most significant developments in this important area of research, and will no doubt be an essential text for researchers at academic institutions and professionals at pharmaceutical/agrochemical companies.
Book Synopsis Neuro-Fuzzy Architectures and Hybrid Learning by : Danuta Rutkowska
Download or read book Neuro-Fuzzy Architectures and Hybrid Learning written by Danuta Rutkowska and published by Physica. This book was released on 2012-11-13 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advent of the computer age has set in motion a profound shift in our perception of science -its structure, its aims and its evolution. Traditionally, the principal domains of science were, and are, considered to be mathe matics, physics, chemistry, biology, astronomy and related disciplines. But today, and to an increasing extent, scientific progress is being driven by a quest for machine intelligence - for systems which possess a high MIQ (Machine IQ) and can perform a wide variety of physical and mental tasks with minimal human intervention. The role model for intelligent systems is the human mind. The influ ence of the human mind as a role model is clearly visible in the methodolo gies which have emerged, mainly during the past two decades, for the con ception, design and utilization of intelligent systems. At the center of these methodologies are fuzzy logic (FL); neurocomputing (NC); evolutionary computing (EC); probabilistic computing (PC); chaotic computing (CC); and machine learning (ML). Collectively, these methodologies constitute what is called soft computing (SC). In this perspective, soft computing is basically a coalition of methodologies which collectively provide a body of concepts and techniques for automation of reasoning and decision-making in an environment of imprecision, uncertainty and partial truth.
Book Synopsis Airmobile Operations by : United States. Department of the Army
Download or read book Airmobile Operations written by United States. Department of the Army and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Amino Group Chemistry by : Alfredo Ricci
Download or read book Amino Group Chemistry written by Alfredo Ricci and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-06-25 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here, probably the most important functional group in organic chemistry is discussed in one handy volume. The monograph covers its application -- from natural products to synthetic pharmaceuticals -- detailing complex syntheses using the amino group as templates and modern techniques focussing on the introduction of the amino group. A definitive must-have for every chemist.
Book Synopsis Reviews of Reactive Intermediate Chemistry by : Matthew S. Platz
Download or read book Reviews of Reactive Intermediate Chemistry written by Matthew S. Platz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-04-20 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chemistry of reactive intermediates is central to a modern mechanistic and quantitative understanding of organic chemistry. Moreover, it underlies a significant portion of modern synthetic chemistry and is integral to a molecular view of biological chemistry. Reviews in Reactive Intermediate Chemistry presents an up-to-date, authoritative guide to this fundamental topic. Although it follows Reactive Intermediate Chemistry by the same authors, it serves as a free-standing resource for the entire chemical and biochemical community. The book includes: Relevant, practical applications Coverage of such topics as mass spectrometry methods, reactive intermediates in interstellar medium, quantum mechanical tunnelling, solvent effects, reactive intermediates in biochemical processes, and excited state surfaces Discussions of emerging areas, particularly those involving dynamics and theories Concluding sections identifying key directions for future research are provided at the end of each chapter
Book Synopsis Synthesis of Solid Catalysts by : Krijn P. de Jong
Download or read book Synthesis of Solid Catalysts written by Krijn P. de Jong and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-06-22 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practical book combines recent progress with a discussion of the general aspects of catalyst preparation. The first part deals with the basic principles of solid catalyst preparation, explaining the main aspects of sol-gel chemistry and interfacial chemistry, followed by such techniques as co-precipitation and immobilization. New tools for catalyst preparation research, including microspectroscopy and high-throughput experimentation, are also taken into account. The second part heightens the practical relevance by providing six case studies on such topics as the preparation of zeolites, hydrotreating catalysts, methanol catalysts and gold catalysts
