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Author : Roy Harris
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Synonymy and Linguistic Analysis written by Roy Harris and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1973 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Roy Harris
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (49 download)
Download or read book Synonymy and Linguistic Analysis. Language and Style Series written by Roy Harris and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Julia Schubert
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656203792
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (562 download)
Download or read book Do We Find Absolute Synonymy in the English Language? - An Analysis of Internet-Texts Dealing with the 11th September 2001 written by Julia Schubert and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2012-06 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2002 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2+ (B), Martin Luther University (Institute for Anglistics/American Studies), course: Proseminar, 10 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: This term paper on synonymy has the aim to answer one certain question: Do we find absolute or strict synonymy in the English language? Unfortunately, there is not enough working time to have a look at the whole language or at least a large part of it. Therefore, I decided to choose several texts dealing with the same topic, which precisely is the 11th September 2001 (the terror attacks against the United States of America). This seems to be a good basis for finding a lot of synonyms or synonymous expressions. The working process is structured as follows: First, it is necessary to define the term "synonymy" because there are two different opinions about it. On the one hand, some linguists are convinced that there is no total synonymy at all and on the other hand, another group of linguists states that such a kind of synonymy exists but it occurs only rarely. A further look on those definitions will provide a clearer distinction. Then the main work has to be done. There are many texts available, which will serve to find a satisfying answer to the stated question. These texts, which I found in the Internet, are from daily American and British newspapers, speeches of politicians, eyewitness reports, TV reports, political magazines and private Internet discussions. Certainly, these texts and articles contain a lot of material to work with. Finally, the last part of the termpaper will represent the results of this process - the justification of total synonymy or its rejection. [...]
Author : Roy Harris
Publisher : Toronto: University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (42 download)
Download or read book Synonymy and Linguistic Analysis written by Roy Harris and published by Toronto: University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 1973 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Daniel Schroeder
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656844518
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (568 download)
Download or read book Corpus Study of Synonymy in English written by Daniel Schroeder and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2014-11-24 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2011 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,0, University of Rostock (Institut für Anglistik/Amerikanistik), course: English Lexicology, language: English, abstract: “Similarity of meaning is “the most important lexical relation” in the WordNet model, and, in philosophy, Quine has identified synonymy (along with analyticity) as “the primary business of the theory in meaning.” When writing a text about any topic, one does not want to use the same word every time. Imagine, the task is to write an article about young people. At first, they are called youth, but then the word adolescent is chosen. These two words are known to be synonyms, but it can be shown that words in English cannot have identical meaning and always are different in some way. The question in this example is, whether youth and adolescent are fully interchangeable. They are synonymous, because the OED, for example, defines synonyms as words that have the “same general sense[...]”, but they have “different shades of meaning or implications appropriate to different contexts[...]”. When thinking about the German erledigen, one finds a lot of words in English that should be considered in a translation, like to attend, to settle, to handle, to do, to finish, to dispatch etc. Some of them are used in different situations or have the same core meaning, but differ in “[...]minor ways, or in emotional and stylistic connotation.” This seminar paper will focus on the analysis of synonymous words and sentences. Based on the notion that identity means “oneness” , it must be understood that a perfectly identical meaning can therefore not exist between two or more synonymous words or sentences. This seminar paper does not aim to prove that words can have the same sense in some cases. It is rather based on the theory that they only have identical meaning, if it is similar in all contexts. This would be valid, if words like youth and adolescent differed only in form. The objective is to show, by using the British National Corpus (BNC) and other thesauruses, what distinctions random synonyms such as these may have and why they cannot be easily interchanged.
Author : Karen Sparck Jones
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Synonymy and Semantic Classification written by Karen Sparck Jones and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Volker Lorenz
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638068579
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (38 download)
Download or read book Corpus-based analysis of the partial synonyms "oppress, repress, suppress" with regard to their contextual usage written by Volker Lorenz and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-06-24 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2004 in the subject Didactics for the subject English - Pedagogy, Literature Studies, grade: 1,7, http://www.uni-jena.de/ (Institut für Anglistik/Amerikanistik), course: Seminar Collocations and meaning, language: English, abstract: The object of this analysis is the triplet of (ostensible) synonyms oppress, repress, and suppress, all of which express an action of subjection and therefore share at least a part of their meaning. Also, all three of them are (in most contexts) commonly translated into German as ‘unterdrücken’. The question is to what extent they may be called synonymous. In order to answer this question, the British National Corpus was taken as an empirical basis. Compiled corpora offer the advantage of an approach which is time-saving and potentially free of oversights or slips, as decisions are open to be checked at any time again. Data and methods thus allow for an empirical and replicable analysis of meaning.
Author : Dylan Glynn
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9027270333
Total Pages : 555 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)
Download or read book Corpus Methods for Semantics written by Dylan Glynn and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2014-11-06 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume seeks to advance and popularise the use of corpus-driven quantitative methods in the study of semantics. The first part presents state-of-the-art research in polysemy and synonymy from a Cognitive Linguistic perspective. The second part presents and explains in a didactic manner each of the statistical techniques used in the first part of the volume. A handbook both for linguists working with statistics in corpus research and for linguists in the fields of polysemy and synonymy.
Author : Franziska Hofmann
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3640431405
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (44 download)
Download or read book Synonyms. A Semantic Study of Appointment and Engagement written by Franziska Hofmann and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2009-09-22 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,7, University of Leipzig, language: English, abstract: (1) I ́m on my way to an engagement. (Merriam-Webster 1984: 289) (2) I ́m on my way to an appointment. (Merriam-Webster 1984: 290) In most of the existing languages we can find words, which sound different but have identical meanings. These words are called synonyms. The word synonym comes from Ancient Greek syn meaning ‘with’ and onoma meaning ‘name’. But can two words really have exactly the same meaning? Fromkin et al. does not agree with this definition, he states that no two words ever have exactly the same meaning even if they are synonyms (2003:181). Therefore synonyms are words carrying nearly similar meanings and whose usage is bound to the context. This means that one has to be careful in choosing a word; it might not carry the same meaning as the writer intended. Translation often causes irritation about which of the words fits better in a specific sentence. Especially the non-native speakers have a lot of problems in deciding which of the words is more suitable to use in a certain context and they have to face the question if any one of these words is suitable in any context. But also native speaker are not always sure about the correct use of two synonymous words. Appointment and engagement are two words with a similar sense to the common mind and share many semantic properties. In the thesaurus both words are said to be synonymous and when applying the definition above, we may agree with it. But do appointment and engagement really have exactly the same meaning? In this essay I want to work out the differences and similarities of the words appointment and engagement and if they can be considered synonymous anyway. Therefore I will have a closer look at their definition in different dictionaries and a questionnaire distributed to native speakers will be analyzed. Furthermore, a comparative analysis will be brought out, based on a corpus study of the two nouns. This analysis will be limited to their frequency and their collocates. Throughout the essay both words will be italicized and the complete results can be found in the appendix.
Author : Rudolf Carnap
Publisher : Read Books Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1446545563
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (465 download)
Download or read book Meaning and Necessity - A Study in Semantics and Modal Logic written by Rudolf Carnap and published by Read Books Ltd. This book was released on 2011-03-23 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main purpose of this book is the development of a new method for the semantical analysis of meaning, that is, a new method for analyzing and describing the meanings of linguistic expressions. This method, called the method of extension and intension, is developed by modifying and extending certain customary concepts, especially those of class and property. The method will be contrasted with various other semantical methods used in traditional philosophy or by contemporary authors. These other methods have one characteristic in common. They all regard an expression in a language as a name of a concrete or abstract entity. In contradistinction, the method here proposed takes an expression, not as naming anything, but as possessing an intension and an extension. Many of the earliest books, particularly those dating back to the 1900s and before, are now extremely scarce and increasingly expensive. We are republishing these classic works in affordable, high quality, modern editions, using the original text and artwork.
Author : M. Lynne Murphy
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139437453
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)
Download or read book Semantic Relations and the Lexicon written by M. Lynne Murphy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-10-02 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semantic Relations and the Lexicon explores the many paradigmatic semantic relations between words, such as synonymy, antonymy and hyponymy, and their relevance to the mental organization of our vocabularies. Drawing on a century's research in linguistics, psychology, philosophy, anthropology and computer science, M. Lynne Murphy proposes a pragmatic approach to these relations. Whereas traditional approaches have claimed that paradigmatic relations are part of our lexical knowledge, Dr Murphy argues that they constitute metalinguistic knowledge, which can be derived through a single relational principle, and may also be stored as part of our extra-lexical, conceptual representations of a word. Part I shows how this approach can account for the properties of lexical relations in ways that traditional approaches cannot, and Part II examines particular relations in detail. This book will serve as an informative handbook for all linguists and cognitive scientists interested in the mental representation of vocabulary.
Author : M.A.K. Halliday
Publisher : A&C Black
ISBN 13 : 0826448623
Total Pages : 191 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (264 download)
Download or read book Lexicology and Corpus Linguistics written by M.A.K. Halliday and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2004-06-22 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perspectives in Lexicology and Corpus Linguistics offers an introduction to words and corpus linguistics. From this foundation it explores the much wider issues that are inevitably raised but somehow marginalized in lexicology (the study of words) and corpus linguistics: how are individual words integrated into language? What are the real benefits of studying the large quantities of text now available in corpora? How do we best conceptualize meaning itself?>
Author : Daniel Daimler
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638309282
Total Pages : 107 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (383 download)
Download or read book Near-synonyms in the oral and written mode written by Daniel Daimler and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2004-09-24 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thesis (M.A.) from the year 2004 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, University of Marburg, language: English, abstract: The attempt to analyse the phenomenon of near-synonymy in the oral and written mode implicitely pronounces the expectation of finding a tendentious or even a significant variation among the lexical realisations of a given underlying semantic concept in diverse contexts of linguistic performance. However, this task requires a specific determination of the kind of variation we hope to uncover in the course of analysis. One option would be to inquire how often the lexical items under discussion are used in speech and writing, respectively, and to determine that an item, or target, t1 is used twice as often in written language than in spoken, while, conversely, we face the opposite fact for target t2. But such an observation would merely scratch the surface of the actual problem, namely the assessment of the variations among the items concerning their paradigmatic relations to each other in both modes of communication. Asked more articulately, presupposing that speech and writing show a considerable difference concerning dimensions exceeding the mere distinction of being produced in the oral or written mode, does this difference also affect the paradigmatic relations between particular lexical items in a significant way? The answer to this question would ultimately give rise to a more dynamic understanding of how the items are used in language in general. However, this consideration still leaves us with the problem of how to operationalise the items’ paradigmatic relations to each other in such a way, that we are able to measure them in different situations of linguistic performance. In the present thesis, we will meet this challenge by pursuing the following argumentation: an inherent part of a lexical item’s meaning is constituted by its collocational potential, this is, its syntagmatic readiness concerning a given set of locally co-occurring lexical context and, consequently, nearsynonyms share a certain, measurable amount of this potential with each other, assuming that if they are semantically similar, they may also be so in respect of their syntagmatic readiness. This is, if we consider a set of near-synonyms with respect to their collocational patterns in diverse situational contexts of linguistic performance, are we able to assert a significant difference concerning their similarity among each context? If we are able to observe such a difference, what are the proper dimensions and determinants of this variation? [...]
Author : Qi Su
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9813292407
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (132 download)
Download or read book From Minimal Contrast to Meaning Construct written by Qi Su and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-25 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers new perspectives on the study of Chinese lexical semantics, as well as discourse analysis and cognitive pragmatics based on lexical semantics. The first part focuses on fundamental issues in lexical semantic research, while the second features articles highlighting various aspects of the lexical category systems in Chinese. The third part discusses application-oriented research on lexical semantics. Presenting the latest research in the field, the book is a valuable resource for specialists in Chinese lexical semantics, as well as for researchers and students interested in grammar, theory of lexical semantics, and word/meaning processing.
Author : Daniela Vranovská
Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783838362458
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (624 download)
Download or read book On Cognitive Synonymy written by Daniela Vranovská and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010-07 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this thesis is to compare the meanings of two adjectives (soft and mild) that are usually recognized as synonymous. The semantic relation of synonymy is essential for the whole thesis and it is, therefore, dealt on in both the theoretical and the practical part. Special attention is paid to the notion of cognitive synonymy. In the practical part (i.e., the actual analysis), I analyze the corpora data with the intention to determine whether soft and mild function as cognitive synonyms in certain contexts. The theoretical part follows modern linguistic theories and concepts with special emphasis put on two linguistic phenomena: the semantic relation of synonymy and collocations. Modern linguistics has been collecting data from large databases of written texts that are commonly known as text corpora. In this work, I work with two of them: British National Corpus (BNC) and Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). Special attention is paid to noun phrases in attributive position.
Author : Kisno
Publisher : LLC Publishing
ISBN 13 : 6029126350
Total Pages : 106 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (291 download)
Download or read book Semantics: A View to Logic of Language written by Kisno and published by LLC Publishing. This book was released on with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I see semantics as one branch of linguistics, which is the study of language: as an area of study parallel to, and interacting with, those syntax and phonology, which deal respectively with the formal patterns of language, and the way in which these are translated into sounds. While syntax and phonology study the structure of expressive possibilities in language, semantics study the meanings that can be expressed. It may convincingly be claimed that viewing semantics as a component discipline of linguistics is the most fruitful and exciting point of departure at the present time. The book of this kind cannot attempt an overall survey of the field of semantics or at least, if it does, it will end up as a superficial compendium of what others have thought about meaning. The only sensible course is to give evidence that linguistics does exist in our life and it is hypocritical not to acknowledge that linguistics is difficult to understand due to its scientificity. Semantics is a non-fiction science through its unique approach to find the meaning of language not by guessing or judging something subjectively. The strength of the integrated view is that it makes possible a transfer to semantics of techniques of analysis which have proved successful with other aspects of language. It has to be conceded that the primary appeal of semantics is an intellectual one, similar in some respects to that of mathematics or any pure science. Only after seeking understanding for understanding’s sake can one acquire the wisdom which consists in using that understanding for good ends.
Author : Hassan Fartousi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (957 download)
Download or read book An Analysis of Interchangeability and Synonymy of Selected Discourse Markers in the English Language written by Hassan Fartousi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The commonsense notion that words have synonyms or might be used interchangeably is the most difficult to substantiate objectively so much so that many philosophers have despaired the task and declared synonymy an impossibility except in the most highly formalized languages where a rigorous definition of the notion of identity could be given. Two hypotheses, synonymy and non-synonymy are presented for each of the two studies comprising the thesis. An attempt has been made to substantiate or reject the principled points of the hypotheses. The research tries to offer real life responses to the research questions. In doing so, the primary methodological rationale for this research is to exemplify and advocate the use of real ' performance' data called from a large corpus of written language representing actual native use English language. This research deals with the delicate category of synonymy and interchangeability of selected troublesome discourse markers from the point of view of the concepts of ' invariant meaning' and 'markedness theory'. The theoretical and methodological foundations underlying this investigation are invariant meaning, markedness and distinctive feature theory, survey, and discourse analysis. Two reliable dictionaries, American Heritage Dictionary and Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English have been employed in this research. In addition, two survey questionnaires have been designed and administered to grade 9 and 10 students of the International Islamic School Malaysia. This thesis serves as an endeavour to contribute to ESL and advocate the use of discourse analysis in Semantic and Semiotic disciplines where not many studies have been carried out. This research exploration intends to drive researchers towards targeting school youngsters as informants and to ponder over the challenges that school-aged youths are faced with, in regards to the accurate use of the English language.
