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Symmetry In Syntax
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Book Synopsis Symmetry in Syntax by : Barbara Citko
Download or read book Symmetry in Syntax written by Barbara Citko and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-04-28 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While much has been written on asymmetric aspects of sentence structure, symmetric aspects have been largely ignored, or claimed to be non-existent. Does symmetry in syntax exist, and if it does, how do we account for it? In this book, Barbara Citko sets out to tackle these questions and offers a unified approach to a number of phenomena that have so far been studied only in isolation. Focusing on three core minimalist mechanisms: merge, move and labeling, she advances a new theory of these mechanisms, by showing that under certain well-defined circumstances merge can create symmetric structures, move can target either of two potentially moveable objects, and labels can be constructed symmetrically from the features of two objects. This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students interested in minimalist syntax, the structure of questions, relative clauses, coordination, double object constructions and copular sentences.
Book Synopsis Symmetry, Shared Labels and Movement in Syntax by : Andreas Blümel
Download or read book Symmetry, Shared Labels and Movement in Syntax written by Andreas Blümel and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-03-20 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the trigger for displacement phenomena in natural language syntax? And how can constraints on syntactic movement be derived from interface conditions and so-called Third Factor principles? Within the Minimalist Program a standard answer to the first question is that it is driven by morphosyntactic features. This monograph challenges that view and suggests that the role of features in driving syntactic computation has been overestimated. Instead it proposes that "labeling" -- the detection of a prominent element in sets formed by Merge -- plays a role in driving transformations, and labeling itself is understood to derive from an interplay of efficient computation and the need for a label at the Conceptual-Intentional systems. It explores this idea in four empirical domains: Long-distance dependencies, Criterial Freezing-phenomena, nested dependencies and ATB-movement. The languages considered include English, German and Hebrew.
Book Synopsis The Antisymmetry of Syntax by : Richard S. Kayne
Download or read book The Antisymmetry of Syntax written by Richard S. Kayne and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1994-12-14 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is standardly assumed that Universal Grammar (UG) allows a given hierarchical representation to be associated with more than one linear order. This book proposes a restrictive theory of word order and phrase structure that denies this assumption. According to this theory, phrase structure always completely determines linear order, so that if two phrases differ in linear order, they must also differ in hierarchical structure. It is standardly assumed that Universal Grammar (UG) allows a given hierarchical representation to be associated with more than one linear order. For example, English and Japanese phrases consisting of a verb and its complement are thought of as symmetrical to one another, differing only in linear order. The Antisymmetry of Syntax proposes a restrictive theory of word order and phrase structure that denies this assumption. According to this theory, phrase structure always completely determines linear order, so that if two phrases differ in linear order, they must also differ in hierarchical structure. More specifically, Richard Kayne shows that asymmetric c-command invariably maps into linear precedence. From this follows, with few further hypotheses, a highly specific theory of word order in UG: that complement positions must always follow their associated head, and that specifiers and adjoined elements must always precede the phrase that they are sister to. A further result is that standard X-bar theory is not a primitive component of UG. Rather, X-bar theory expresses a set of antisymmetric properties of phrase structure. This antisymmetry is inherited from the more basic antisymmetry of linear order. Linguistic Inquiry Monograph No. 25
Book Synopsis Symmetry: A Very Short Introduction by : Ian Stewart
Download or read book Symmetry: A Very Short Introduction written by Ian Stewart and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-05-30 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1800s mathematicians introduced a formal theory of symmetry: group theory. Now a branch of abstract algebra, this subject first arose in the theory of equations. Symmetry is an immensely important concept in mathematics and throughout the sciences, and its applications range across the entire subject. Symmetry governs the structure of crystals, innumerable types of pattern formation, how systems change their state as parameters vary; and fundamental physics is governed by symmetries in the laws of nature. It is highly visual, with applications that include animal markings, locomotion, evolutionary biology, elastic buckling, waves, the shape of the Earth, and the form of galaxies. In this Very Short Introduction, Ian Stewart demonstrates its deep implications, and shows how it plays a major role in the current search to unify relativity and quantum theory. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.
Book Synopsis Symmetrical Voice and Linking in Western Austronesian Languages by : Sonja Riesberg
Download or read book Symmetrical Voice and Linking in Western Austronesian Languages written by Sonja Riesberg and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2014-08-19 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an in-depth study of the voice systems of Totoli, Balinese, Indonesian, and Tagalog, which shows that the symmetrical nature of these systems poses a problem to current linking theories. It provides an analysis of symmetrical linking within two grammatical theories (LFG & RRG) and develops a modified LFG linking mechanism that sheds light on the differences as well as the similarities of symmetrical and asymmetrical voice systems.
Book Synopsis Symmetrizing Syntax by : Hiroki Narita
Download or read book Symmetrizing Syntax written by Hiroki Narita and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-30 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Symmetrizing Syntax seeks to establish a minimal and natural characterization of the structure of human language (syntax), simplifying many facets of it that have been redundantly or asymmetrically formulated. Virtually all past theories of natural language syntax, from the traditional X-bar theory to the contemporary system of Merge and labeling, stipulate that every phrase structure is "asymmetrically" organized, so that one of its elements is always marked as primary/dominant over the others, or each and every phrase is labeled by a designated lexical element. The two authors call this traditional stipulation into question and hypothesize, instead, that linguistic derivations are essentially driven by the need to reduce asymmetry and generate symmetric structures. Various linguistic notions such as Merge, cyclic derivation by phase, feature-checking, morphological agreement, labeling, movement, and criterial freezing, as well as parametric differences among languages like English and Japanese, and so on, are all shown to follow from a particular notion of structural symmetry. These results constitute novel support for the contemporary thesis that human language is essentially an instance of a physical/biological object, and its design is governed by the laws of nature, at the core of which lies the fundamental principle of symmetry. Providing insights into new technical concepts in syntax, the volume is written for academics in linguistics but will also be accessible to linguistics students seeking an introduction to syntax.
Book Synopsis Symmetry Breaking in Syntax by : Hubert Haider
Download or read book Symmetry Breaking in Syntax written by Hubert Haider and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new theory of grammar which explores the old distinction between OV and VO languages and their underlying basic asymmetry.
Author :Szymon J. Napierała Publisher :Studies in Philosophy of Language and Linguistics ISBN 13 :9783631673874 Total Pages :0 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (738 download)
Book Synopsis Symmetry Breaking and Symmetry Restoration by : Szymon J. Napierała
Download or read book Symmetry Breaking and Symmetry Restoration written by Szymon J. Napierała and published by Studies in Philosophy of Language and Linguistics. This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book treats the faculty of language as part of the Universe subject to physical laws. It presents phenomena from syntax and semantics in the interdisciplinary context. The author analyses the origin of syntax and semantics as autonomous modules (asymmetry), even though they display parallelisms (symmetry). He presents linguistic phenomena in the interdisciplinary context where spontaneous symmetry breaking has a central explanatory role, as it is the case in the physical world.
Download or read book Nominal Sets written by Andrew M. Pitts and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-05-30 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nominal sets provide a promising new mathematical analysis of names in formal languages based upon symmetry, with many applications to the syntax and semantics of programming language constructs that involve binding, or localising names. Part I provides an introduction to the basic theory of nominal sets. In Part II, the author surveys some of the applications that have developed in programming language semantics (both operational and denotational), functional programming and logic programming. As the first book to give a detailed account of the theory of nominal sets, it will be welcomed by researchers and graduate students in theoretical computer science.
Book Synopsis The Syntax of Chichewa by : Sam Mchombo
Download or read book The Syntax of Chichewa written by Sam Mchombo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-10-14 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive book provides a detailed description of the major syntactic structures of Chichewa. Assuming no prior knowledge of current theory, it covers topics such as relative clause and question formation, interactions between tone and syntactic structure, aspects of clause structure such as complementation, and phonetics and phonology. It also provides a detailed account of argument structure, in which the role of verbal suffixation is examined. Sam Mchombo's description is supplemented by observations about how the study of African languages, specifically Bantu languages, has contributed to progress in grammatical theory, including the debates that have raged within linguistic theory about the relationship between syntax and the lexicon, and the contributions of African linguistic structure to the evaluation of competing grammatical theories. Clearly organised and accessible, The Syntax of Chichewa will be an invaluable resource for students interested in linguistic theory and how it can be applied to a specific language.
Download or read book Phase Theory written by Barbara Citko and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-17 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This research survey combines an introduction to Phase Theory with an assessment of the state of the art in Phase Theory. The term Phase Theory refers to a set of theoretical innovations in post-2000 minimalism (Chomsky 2000RFA-087, 2001RFA-088, 2004RFA-089, 2005RFA-090, 2008RFA-092). One of the core ideas in minimalism is the idea that the language faculty is an optimal solution to the constraints imposed on it by the two cognitive systems with which it interacts:"--
Author :Barbara B.H. Partee Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :9789027722454 Total Pages :692 pages Book Rating :4.7/5 (224 download)
Book Synopsis Mathematical Methods in Linguistics by : Barbara B.H. Partee
Download or read book Mathematical Methods in Linguistics written by Barbara B.H. Partee and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1990-04-30 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elementary set theory accustoms the students to mathematical abstraction, includes the standard constructions of relations, functions, and orderings, and leads to a discussion of the various orders of infinity. The material on logic covers not only the standard statement logic and first-order predicate logic but includes an introduction to formal systems, axiomatization, and model theory. The section on algebra is presented with an emphasis on lattices as well as Boolean and Heyting algebras. Background for recent research in natural language semantics includes sections on lambda-abstraction and generalized quantifiers. Chapters on automata theory and formal languages contain a discussion of languages between context-free and context-sensitive and form the background for much current work in syntactic theory and computational linguistics. The many exercises not only reinforce basic skills but offer an entry to linguistic applications of mathematical concepts. For upper-level undergraduate students and graduate students in theoretical linguistics, computer-science students with interests in computational linguistics, logic programming and artificial intelligence, mathematicians and logicians with interests in linguistics and the semantics of natural language.
Book Synopsis Symmetry Breaking in Syntax and the Lexicon by : Leah S. Bauke
Download or read book Symmetry Breaking in Syntax and the Lexicon written by Leah S. Bauke and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2014-07-15 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a research monograph that explores the implications of the strongest minimalist thesis from an antisymmetric perspective. Three empirical domains are investigated: nominal root compounds in German and English, nominal gerunds in English and their German counterparts, and small clauses in Russian and English. A point of symmetry that has the potential of stalling the derivation emerges in the derivation of all of these constructions. Building on certain assumptions on how Merge works, this book shows that the points of symmetry can all be resolved in the same way; despite the fact that the three empirical domains under investigation are standardly derived from distinct structural configurations, such as head-head merger in the case of root compounds, head-phrase merger as it arises from standard complementation/predication structures for nominal gerunds, and phrase-phrase merger in small clauses. This book is of interest to all researchers working on syntax and its interfaces.
Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Generative Syntax by : Marcel den Dikken
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Generative Syntax written by Marcel den Dikken and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-07-25 with total page 1412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Syntax – the study of sentence structure – has been at the centre of generative linguistics from its inception and has developed rapidly and in various directions. The Cambridge Handbook of Generative Syntax provides a historical context for what is happening in the field of generative syntax today, a survey of the various generative approaches to syntactic structure available in the literature and an overview of the state of the art in the principal modules of the theory and the interfaces with semantics, phonology, information structure and sentence processing, as well as linguistic variation and language acquisition. This indispensable resource for advanced students, professional linguists (generative and non-generative alike) and scholars in related fields of inquiry presents a comprehensive survey of the field of generative syntactic research in all its variety, written by leading experts and providing a proper sense of the range of syntactic theories calling themselves generative.
Book Synopsis Noun Phrase in the Generative Perspective by : Artemis Alexiadou
Download or read book Noun Phrase in the Generative Perspective written by Artemis Alexiadou and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2008-09-25 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this book is twofold. On the one hand we want to offer a discussion of some of the more important properties of the nominal projection, on the other hand we want to provide the reader with tools for syntactic analysis which apply to the structure of DP but which are also relevant for other domains of syntax. In order to achieve this dual goal we will discuss phenomena which are related to the nominal projection in relation to other syntactic phenomena (e.g. pro drop will be related to N-ellipsis, the classification of pronouns will be applied to the syntax of possessive pronouns, N-movement will be compared to V-movement, the syntax of the genitive construction will be related to that of predicate inversion etc.). In the various chapters we will show how recent theoretical proposals (distributed morphology, anti-symmetry, checking theory) can cast light on aspects of the syntax of the NP. When necessary, we will provide a brief introduction of these theoretical proposals. We will also indicate problems with these analyses, whether they be inherent to the theories as such (e.g. what is the trigger for movement in antisymmetric approaches) or to the particular instantiations. The book cannot and will not provide the definitive analysis of the syntax of noun phrases. We consider that this would not be possible, given the current flux in generative syntax, with many new theoretical proposals being developed and explored, but the book aims at giving the reader the tools with which to conduct research and to evaluate proposals in the literature. In the discussion of various issues, we will apply the framework that is most adequate to deal with problems at hand. We will therefore not necessarily use the same approach throughout the discussion. Though proposals in the literature will be referred to when relevant, we cannot attempt to provide a critical survey of the literature. We feel that such a survey would be guided too strongly by theoretical choices, which would not be compatible with the pedagogical purposes this book has. The book is comparative in its approach, and data from different languages will be examined, including English, German, Dutch (West-Flemish), Greek, Romance, Semitic, Slavic, Albanian, Hungarian, Gungbe.
Book Synopsis Asymmetric Events by : Barbara Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk
Download or read book Asymmetric Events written by Barbara Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2008 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book introduces the concept of asymmetric events, an important concept in language and cognition, which, for the first time in linguistic literature, is identified in a more systematic way and analyzed in a number of different languages, including typologically or genetically unrelated ones. Asymmetric events are two or more events of unequal status in an utterance and papers in the volume present ways in which a linguistic description of main events in a sentence is different (morphologically, syntactically, discursively) from a description of backgrounded events. The prototypical asymmetries involving perception, cognition, and language are identified in subordination, nominalization and modification of various kinds but they extend to coordinate structures, serial verbs, spatial language and viewing arrangement, as well as part - whole relations. The perspective is broadly cognitive and functional, the authors use different though complementing methodologies, some include corpus data, and the asymmetries are shown to have a variety of stylistic and ideological implications.An in-depth analysis of manifold asymmetries in structure and function of diverse languages makes this volume of interest to linguists of different persuasion, philosophers, cognitive researchers, discourse analysts and students of language and cognition.
Book Synopsis The Syntactic Nature of Inner Aspect by : Jonathan E. MacDonald
Download or read book The Syntactic Nature of Inner Aspect written by Jonathan E. MacDonald and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2008 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the syntactic nature of inner aspect from a minimalist perspective. It begins with the new observation that there are two independent properties at play in English inner aspect: the object-to-event mapping and event structure. From a discussion of English statives and Russian, it is concluded that the former property is variant and the latter universal; a minimalist conception of language variation arises naturally in this context. Additionally, an exploration of a lexical derivational approach to achievements leads to the expectation that there are no accomplishments in the lexicon. A detailed look at idioms suggests that this expectation is met. These results support the division of labor between an operative lexicon and narrow syntax in aspectual composition; this naturally poses a problem for (neo-)constructional approaches to inner aspect. Finally, one conclusion reached about the syntactic nature of inner aspect regards the object-to-event mapping: it is a purely syntactic phenomenon.
