Surgical Pathology of the GI Tract, Liver, Biliary Tract, and Pancreas

Download Surgical Pathology of the GI Tract, Liver, Biliary Tract, and Pancreas PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 1416040595
Total Pages : 1387 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (16 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Surgical Pathology of the GI Tract, Liver, Biliary Tract, and Pancreas by : Robert D. Odze

Download or read book Surgical Pathology of the GI Tract, Liver, Biliary Tract, and Pancreas written by Robert D. Odze and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 1387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This one-of-a-kind reference provides a comprehensive and practical guide to help you interpret endoscopic biopsies and resection specimens of all organs related to the digestive system. Plus, thanks to Expert Consult, you'll be able to access the entire contents of this title online and download all images, from anywhere there's an internet connection. The more than 2250 high quality illustrations, 30% more than in the first edition, help you recognize and diagnose any tissue sample under the microscope. Five new chapters, additional expert authors, expanded tables, and coverage of the current clinical approach to management and treatment options, particularly screening and surveillance recommendations for preneoplastic disorders, round out this unique reference. Acts as a one-stop resource for the entire gastrointestinal system, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas. Incorporates over 2250 high quality color illustrations so you can recognize and diagnose any tissue sample under the microscope. Provides all the necessary tools to make a comprehensive diagnostic workup including data from ancillary techniques and molecular findings whenever appropriate. Simplifies complex topics and streamlines decision-making using extensive tables, graphs, and flowcharts. Helps you avoid diagnostic errors thanks to practical advice on pitfalls in differential diagnosis. Uses a new "road map" at the beginning of each chapter, as well as a new, more clinical focus to help you navigate through the book more quickly. Reflects the latest classification and staging systems available so you can provide the clinician with the most accurate and up-to-date diagnostic and prognostic indicators, including key molecular aspects of tumor pathology. Includes access to the entire contents online, from anywhere there's an internet connection. Adds five new chapters including "Screening and Surveillance of the GI Tract", "Congenital and Developmental Disorders of the GI Tract", "Pediatric Enteropathies of the GI Tract", "Vascular Disorders of the GI Tract", and "Fatty Liver Disease". Expands appropriate chapters with new coverage of the normal histology of the GI tract, liver, biliary tract and pancreas. Uses expanded tables to outline specific differential diagnostic points helpful for surgical pathologists. Discusses the key molecular aspects of tumor progression and risk assessment in all chapters that cover neoplastic disorders. Helps you evaluate diagnostically challenging cases using diagnostic algorithms. Increases the number of high quality photographs by at least 30% to include even more normal and abnormal tissue samples. Updates all chapters to include the latest references, concepts, data, and controversies. Incorporates expanded coverage of the pancreas and liver, eliminating the need for a separate text. Your purchase entitles you to access the web site until the next edition is published, or until the current edition is no longer offered for sale by Elsevier, whichever occurs first. If the next edition is published less than one year after your purchase, you will be entitled to online access for one year from your date of purchase. Elsevier reserves the right to offer a suitable replacement product (such as a downloadable or CD-ROM-based electronic version) should access to the web site be discontinued.

Pancreatic Pathology

Download Pancreatic Pathology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Pancreatic Pathology by : Günter Klöppel

Download or read book Pancreatic Pathology written by Günter Klöppel and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Multidisciplinary Teaching Atlas of the Pancreas

Download Multidisciplinary Teaching Atlas of the Pancreas PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3662467453
Total Pages : 1060 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (624 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Multidisciplinary Teaching Atlas of the Pancreas by : Javier Casillas

Download or read book Multidisciplinary Teaching Atlas of the Pancreas written by Javier Casillas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-28 with total page 1060 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This innovative teaching atlas provides the reader with a practical approach to the diagnosis and management of the common and uncommon diseases that may involve the pancreatic gland. Its perspective is multidisciplinary, the authors being radiologists, surgeons, pathologists, and gastroenterologists who have worked together for the past 25 years. Very concise descriptions of clinical presentation, pathology, imaging, and management are provided for a great variety of pathologic conditions, and a wealth of illustrative material displays intraoperative appearances, gross specimens, histology, and radiological findings. Pancreatic surgery, including transplantation, is also discussed, and the final chapter presents a gallery of challenging and diverse cases. Specialists and residents in a range of specialties will find this atlas to be an invaluable aid, and it will also serve as an excellent reference for medical students.

Differential Diagnoses in Surgical Pathology: Pancreatic and Biliary Pathology

Download Differential Diagnoses in Surgical Pathology: Pancreatic and Biliary Pathology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 : 1975144759
Total Pages : 517 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (751 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Differential Diagnoses in Surgical Pathology: Pancreatic and Biliary Pathology by : Elizabeth Thompson

Download or read book Differential Diagnoses in Surgical Pathology: Pancreatic and Biliary Pathology written by Elizabeth Thompson and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2021-08-05 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New in the Differential Diagnosis in Surgical Pathology series, this abundantly illustrated title helps you systematically solve tough diagnostic challenges in pancreatic and biliary pathology. It uses select images of clinical and pathological findings, together with succinct, expert instructions and diagnostic pearls, to guide you through the decision-making process. By presenting material according to the way pathologists actually work, this user-friendly volume helps you quickly differentiate commonly confused entities that have overlapping morphologic features.

The Practice of Surgical Pathology

Download The Practice of Surgical Pathology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319592114
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Practice of Surgical Pathology by : Diana Weedman Molavi

Download or read book The Practice of Surgical Pathology written by Diana Weedman Molavi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-24 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In pathology education within North America, there exists a wide gap in the pedagogy between medical school and residency. As a result, the pathology intern often comes into residency unprepared. Completely illustrated in color, this book lays the foundation of practical pathology and provides a scaffold on which to build a knowledge base. It includes basic introductory material and progresses through each organ system. Within each chapter, there is a brief review of salient normal histology, a discussion of typical specimen types, a strategic approach to the specimen, and a discussion of how the multitude of different diagnoses relate to each other.

Diseases of the Abdomen and Pelvis 2018-2021

Download Diseases of the Abdomen and Pelvis 2018-2021 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319750194
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Diseases of the Abdomen and Pelvis 2018-2021 by : Juerg Hodler

Download or read book Diseases of the Abdomen and Pelvis 2018-2021 written by Juerg Hodler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-20 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book deals with imaging of the abdomen and pelvis, an area that has seen considerable advances over the past several years, driven by clinical as well as technological developments. The respective chapters, written by internationally respected experts in their fields, focus on imaging diagnosis and interventional therapies in abdominal and pelvic disease; they cover all relevant imaging modalities, including magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and positron emission tomography. As such, the book offers a comprehensive review of the state of the art in imaging of the abdomen and pelvis. It will be of interest to general radiologists, radiology residents, interventional radiologists, and clinicians from other specialties who want to update their knowledge in this area.

Differential Diagnosis in Surgical Pathology

Download Differential Diagnosis in Surgical Pathology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0323261973
Total Pages : 1087 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (232 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Differential Diagnosis in Surgical Pathology by : Vijaya B. Reddy

Download or read book Differential Diagnosis in Surgical Pathology written by Vijaya B. Reddy and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2014-10-20 with total page 1087 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Confidently sign out your most complex and challenging cases with the updated edition of Differential Diagnosis in Surgical Pathology. Widely used by residents and practicing pathologists alike, this comprehensive medical reference provides brief, bulleted descriptions of both common and rare disorders, integrating excellent illustrative examples of the pathology with selected references. It's the perfect go-to resource to have by your microscope! Quickly access essential information through concise, bulleted text; a consistent approach to diagnosis and interpretation; and a comprehensive yet manageable size. Formulate an accurate diagnosis with coverage of all of the relevant ancillary diagnostic techniques, and ensure every diagnostic possibility is explored with help from quick checklists throughout. Make informed decisions when delineating one disease from another with discussions covering all of the major organ systems. Understand what diagnostic criteria to consider or exclude with expert "pearls" and practical tips throughout. Take advantage of extensive updates on tumor classifications and diseases, as well as expanded coverage of medical renal pathology. Stay abreast of the latest developments in molecular testing, including diagnostics, biomarkers, and targeted therapies, for entities such as the breast, lung, gastrointestinal tract, and melanoma. View over 1,350 full-color macro and microphotographs that provide a realistic basis for comparison to what you see under the microscope. Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, references, and videos from the book on a variety of devices.

Silverberg's Principles and Practice of Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology 4 Volume Set with Online Access

Download Silverberg's Principles and Practice of Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology 4 Volume Set with Online Access PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9781107022836
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (228 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Silverberg's Principles and Practice of Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology 4 Volume Set with Online Access by : Mark R. Wick

Download or read book Silverberg's Principles and Practice of Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology 4 Volume Set with Online Access written by Mark R. Wick and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-03-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silverberg's Principles and Practice of Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology is one of the most durable reference texts in pathology. Thoroughly revised and updated, this state-of-the-art new edition encompasses the entire fields of surgical pathology and cytopathology in a single source. Its practice-oriented format uniquely integrates these disciplines to present all the relevant features of a particular lesion, side by side. Over 4000 color images depict clinical features, morphological attributes, histochemical and immunohistochemical findings, and molecular characteristics of all lesions included. This edition features new highly experienced and academically accomplished editors, while chapters are written by the leading experts in the field (several new to this edition, bringing a fresh approach). Dr Steven Silverberg's practical approach to problem solving has been carefully preserved. The print book is packaged with access to a secure, electronic copy of the book, providing quick and easy access to its wealth of text and images.

The Pancreas

Download The Pancreas PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119188393
Total Pages : 1218 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Pancreas by : Hans G. Beger

Download or read book The Pancreas written by Hans G. Beger and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-04-23 with total page 1218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This brand new updated edition of the most comprehensive reference book on pancreatic disease details the very latest knowledge on genetics and molecular biological background in terms of anatomy, physiology, pathology, and pathophysiology for all known disorders. Included for the first time, are two brand new sections on the key areas of Autoimmune Pancreatitis and Benign Cystic Neoplasms. In addition, this edition is filled with over 500 high-quality illustrations, line drawings, and radiographs that provide a step-by-step approach to all endoscopic techniques and surgical procedures. Each of these images can be downloaded via an online image bank for use in scientific presentations. Every existing chapter in The Pancreas: An Integrated Textbook of Basic Science, Medicine and Surgery, 3rd Edition has been thoroughly revised and updated to include the many changes in clinical practice since publication of the current edition. The book includes new guidelines for non-surgical and surgical treatment; new molecular biologic pathways to support clinical decision making in targeted treatment of pancreatic cancer; new minimally invasive surgical approaches for pancreatic diseases; and the latest knowledge of neuroendocrine tumors and periampullary tumors. The most encyclopedic book on the pancreas—providing outstanding and clear guidance for the practicing clinician Covers every known pancreatic disorder in detail including its anatomy, physiology, pathology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management Completely updated with brand new chapters Over 500 downloadable illustrations An editor and author team of high international repute who present global best-practice The Pancreas: An Integrated Textbook of Basic Science, Medicine and Surgery, 3rd Edition is an important book for gastroenterologists and gastrointestinal surgeons worldwide.

Pathology of the Pancreas, Gallbladder, Extrahepatic Biliary Tract, and Ampullary Region

Download Pathology of the Pancreas, Gallbladder, Extrahepatic Biliary Tract, and Ampullary Region PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780195133929
Total Pages : 586 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (339 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Pathology of the Pancreas, Gallbladder, Extrahepatic Biliary Tract, and Ampullary Region by : Ernest E. Lack

Download or read book Pathology of the Pancreas, Gallbladder, Extrahepatic Biliary Tract, and Ampullary Region written by Ernest E. Lack and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2003 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a single comprehensive reference source and full-color atlas, this book covers a wide range of pathology. Normal anatomy as well as developmental abnormalities are detailed. A variety of non-neoplastic conditions are covered, including transplant pathology, diabetes mellitus and pancreatitis. Neoplasms are emphasized. The difficulties encountered with frozen section diagnosis, cytopathology, and tumor classification systems are addressed. Common and rare conditions of pancreas, gallbladder, extrahepatic biliary tract and ampullary regions are all extensively reviewed. Special attention is paid to clinical features, prognostic factors, biologic behavior and survival. With almost 1,300 color images and over 5,300 references, this treatise is a major contribution to field.

Textbook of Pancreatic Cancer

Download Textbook of Pancreatic Cancer PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030537862
Total Pages : 1320 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Textbook of Pancreatic Cancer by : Kjetil Søreide

Download or read book Textbook of Pancreatic Cancer written by Kjetil Søreide and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-04 with total page 1320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides a practically applicable resource for understanding the surgical oncology management of pancreatic cancer. It discusses relevant aspects of anatomy and pathophysiology along with the latest diagnostic techniques. Insightful descriptions are then provided detailing how to perform critical surgical procedures when treating these patients. Relevant perioperative management strategies and emerging themes in cancer biology critical to understanding and treating the disease are also described. The need for cross-discipline collaboration to facilitate and enhance innovation within the discipline is reinforced throughout the text. Each chapter presents the relevant current clinical standards along with areas of controversy in both research and clinical practice within “pearls and pitfalls” sections. Textbook of Pancreatic Cancer: Principles and Practice of Surgical Oncology is a detailed work covering the basic material important to trainees as well as advanced curriculum for established specialists in the field from a multi-disciplinary perspective. Therefore, it is crucial resource for all practicing and trainee professionals who encounter these patients in their day-to-day clinical practice.

Surgical Pathology of the Pancreas, An Issue of Surgical Pathology Clinics

Download Surgical Pathology of the Pancreas, An Issue of Surgical Pathology Clinics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 1455709271
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (557 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Surgical Pathology of the Pancreas, An Issue of Surgical Pathology Clinics by : Volkan Adsay

Download or read book Surgical Pathology of the Pancreas, An Issue of Surgical Pathology Clinics written by Volkan Adsay and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2011-06-28 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exocrine pancreatic tumors of non-ductal origin: Acinar carcinoma, pancreatoblastoma and solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm; Pancreatic cystic tumors of mucinous type; Pancreatic cystic lesions of non-mucinous type; Pancreatic endocrine tumors; Inflammatory lesions and pseudotumors of the pancreas; Ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas; PanINs; Cytology of the Pancreas.

Pancreatic Cytopathology

Download Pancreatic Cytopathology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387689478
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (876 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Pancreatic Cytopathology by : David C. Chhieng

Download or read book Pancreatic Cytopathology written by David C. Chhieng and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-05-05 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed to be concise and easy to use, this volume focuses on pancreas cytopathology. It is the ideal companion for practitioners on the move. It is published in the Essentials in Cytopathology book series and fulfills the need for an easy-to-use and authoritative synopsis of site specific topics in cytopathology. These guide books fit into the lab coat pocket, ideal for portability and quick reference. Each volume is heavily illustrated with a full color art program, while the text follows a user-friendly outline format.

Clinical Pancreatology for Practising Gastroenterologists and Surgeons

Download Clinical Pancreatology for Practising Gastroenterologists and Surgeons PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111957014X
Total Pages : 752 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (195 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Clinical Pancreatology for Practising Gastroenterologists and Surgeons by : Juan Enrique Dominguez-Munoz

Download or read book Clinical Pancreatology for Practising Gastroenterologists and Surgeons written by Juan Enrique Dominguez-Munoz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-03-17 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clinical Pancreatology Since the book Clinical Pancreatology for Practising Gastroenterologists and Surgeons was first published sixteen years ago, the knowledge and clinical management of pancreatic diseases have developed markedly. Thanks to the development of the translational research and the from bench to bedside concept, much progress from the lab has been applied to clinical practice. In addition, several highly relevant clinical trials published over the last years have resulted in the update and optimisation of clinical guidelines. A new and validated classification of severity and complications of acute pancreatitis is firmly rooted in clinical practice and has been the basis for the development of minimally invasive approaches to pancreatic necrosis. The etiopathogenic knowledge of chronic pancreatitis and other pancreatopaties, like that associated with diabetes mellitus, has developed significantly. Especially important has been the development of the field of cystic pancreatic tumours, which has been reflected in the publication of several guidelines and consensus reports over the last few years. Most research efforts have focused on pancreatic cancer, which have led and will further lead to a significant increase in the therapeutic armamentarium against this devastating disease. Finally, many newly published studies have changed the concept, causes, clinical relevance, diagnosis and treatment of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. This new edition of Clinical Pancreatology for Practising Gastroenterologists and Surgeons has enjoyed the collaboration of the world’s leading experts in each of the areas of clinical pancreatology with the aim of facilitating gastroenterologists, surgeons, oncologists, internists, nutritionists, diabetologists, paediatricians, radiologists, pathologists and other specialists in their decision making when facing patients with pancreatic diseases in their daily clinical practice. All in all, this book supplies an indispensable update of the relevant aspects of clinical pancreatology.

Oncological Surgical Pathology

Download Oncological Surgical Pathology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3319966812
Total Pages : 2209 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Oncological Surgical Pathology by : Cesar A. Moran

Download or read book Oncological Surgical Pathology written by Cesar A. Moran and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 2209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides the necessary tools and up-to-date information on the morphological approach and most current use of ancillary techniques in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. The work is divided by sub specialty areas so that the reader can easily obtain the information desired. Features of histopathological lesions are presented in each area, as well as an up-to-date use of the different immunohistochemical stains and molecular biology features, when applicable, which are commonly used to determine treatment modalities. All sub specialty sections are written by sub specialty pathologists with experience in tumor pathology and who work in a cancer center. Each chapter is richly illustrated and properly referenced. Oncological Surgical Pathology will be of use not only for pathologists (including pathology residents and fellows), but also for oncological surgeons, oncologists and interventional radiologists.

Atlas of Surgical Pathology Grossing

Download Atlas of Surgical Pathology Grossing PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030208397
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Atlas of Surgical Pathology Grossing by : Monica B. Lemos

Download or read book Atlas of Surgical Pathology Grossing written by Monica B. Lemos and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-03 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a unique surgical pathology grossing atlas, comprised of a collection of photos of various anatomic specimens frequently encountered in routine and frozen surgical pathology practice, including various organ systems. The photos in this atlas have been collected over many years of practicing surgical pathology in one of the largest medical centers in the world, and include emphasis on important anatomic landmarks and explanations on how to properly orient, section and sample anatomic specimens. The use of actual gross images allows readers to more readily apply the grossing tips to actual specimens that they encounter at the grossing bench. Each chapter is arranged by organ system and includes essential tips for grossing each specimen and sample dictations with all the essential elements that must be addressed for proper assessment of each organ specimen. Written by expert pathologists, Atlas of Surgical Pathology Grossing is an excellent resource for pathologists, medical and pathology assistant students, residents, both in surgery and pathology, and pathology assistants.

Pancreatic Cancer

Download Pancreatic Cancer PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387951857
Total Pages : 413 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (879 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Pancreatic Cancer by : Douglas B. Evans

Download or read book Pancreatic Cancer written by Douglas B. Evans and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The MD Anderson Solid Tumor Oncology series presents cutting-edge surgical treatment and medical therapy for specific sites. This volume, Pancreatic Cancer, addresses epidemiology and molecular biology, inherited syndromes, staging, surgical techniques, multimodality therapy, and emerging therapies. The individual chapters focus on narrow, specific topics to produce a reference work of value to those interested in pancreatic cancer from a clinical and translational research perspective. A must-have for surgical oncologists and general surgeons.