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Surface Variations Affecting Human Dental Enamel Studied Using Nanomechanical And Chemical Analysis
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Book Synopsis Surface Variations Affecting Human Dental Enamel Studied Using Nanomechanical and Chemical Analysis by : Michelle Emma Dickinson
Download or read book Surface Variations Affecting Human Dental Enamel Studied Using Nanomechanical and Chemical Analysis written by Michelle Emma Dickinson and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 946 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Surface Reactivity of Tooth Enamel with Dyes, Oxidizing Agents and Magnesium Ions and Its Effect on Tooth Color by : Mohamed Nur Abdallah
Download or read book Surface Reactivity of Tooth Enamel with Dyes, Oxidizing Agents and Magnesium Ions and Its Effect on Tooth Color written by Mohamed Nur Abdallah and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Enamel, the outer protective layer of human teeth, is constantly interacting with its surrounding harsh environment. These interactions play a major role in many mechanisms that affect the dental health such as tooth caries, tooth discoloration and plaque formation. Accordingly, most treatments used to maintain and/or restore dental health focus first on the enamel surface. Even though most of the enamel structure has been thoroughly studied, many of the enamel surface features, and the chemical reaction that occur on it, are not well understood. Extrinsic tooth discoloration poses a major problem to many patients and dentists. Most causes of extrinsic tooth staining have been well identified and are usually treated with hydrogen peroxide. However, the mechanism of extrinsic tooth discoloration and tooth bleaching using peroxide oxidizers are not fully understood. It is unknown why certain staining molecules attach to the enamel surface, whether peroxide radicals make teeth whiter by removing these stains, and why sometimes hydrogen peroxide does not work. Also, treating darkened teeth with peroxide agents has its limitations and disadvantages. This has pushed us to look for better and less harmful whitening agents. Recent studies have revealed that there is a correlation between crystallographic characteristics of enamel and its physical properties, such as tooth shade and microhardness. This discovery predicts that tooth properties can be changed by modifying its crystallographic structure. Since magnesium ions are known to react with synthetic hydroxyapatite and affect its crystallographic properties, it is possible that magnesium ions could react with dental enamel and induce changes in dental enamel crystallographic, optical and mechanical properties. Several significant conclusions and achievements are presented in this thesis. We demonstrated the presence of a carbon rich layer on the surface of enamel that contains relatively high amounts of calcium. This layer might explain the high staining ability of certain types of anionic staining agents that are among the most common causes of external tooth discoloration. Moreover, we showed that hydrogen peroxide does not induce significant changes in tooth enamel organic and inorganic relative contents, and it whitens teeth just by oxidizing their organic matrix. This finding is of great clinical significance since it explains the mechanism of tooth bleaching and the reasons behind the limited predictability of the treatment outcomes. Finally, we showed for the first time that magnesium ions can react with tooth enamel and induce a reduction in the size of enamel hydroxyapatite nanocrystals. This change in crystallography affected the enamel optical and mechanical properties; making the enamel harder and whiter. This is a new method that can be exploited to whiten teeth without using peroxide-based bleaching agents. We concluded that crystallographic ultrastructure plays a key role in defining the tooth enamel properties which can be tailored through ionic substitution for improvement of optical and mechanical properties without causing the possible negative effects of peroxide agents." --
Book Synopsis Tooth Enamel: Frontiers in Mineral Chemistry and Biochemistry, Integrative Cell Biology and Genetics by : Steven Joseph Brookes
Download or read book Tooth Enamel: Frontiers in Mineral Chemistry and Biochemistry, Integrative Cell Biology and Genetics written by Steven Joseph Brookes and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-03-20 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Tooth Enamel: Frontiers in Mineral Chemistry and Biochemistry, Integrative Cell Biology and Genetics" incorporates the proceedings of the 9th International Enamel Symposium (Enamel 9) hosted in the UK and chaired by Professor Jennifer Kirkham and Professor Ariane Berdal. The topic covers cellular and molecular aspects of the development, pathology, evolution and repair or regeneration of dental enamel. The original research papers and reviews will be of interest to all enamel and biomineralization researchers. Clinicians will find up-to-date thinking and opinion on the aetiology of enamel pathologies and their potential future treatment via novel strategies for preventing, repairing and regenerating enamel.
Book Synopsis Dental Enamel by : Derek J. Chadwick
Download or read book Dental Enamel written by Derek J. Chadwick and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-30 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The molecular mechanisms and protein species associated with the mineralization of mature dental enamel are active areas of research. This book focuses on specific areas of research including the structural chemistry, protein biochemistry and genetics of enamel development.
Book Synopsis Tooth Enamel: Its Composition, Properties, and Fundamental Structure by : Ronald W. Fearnhead
Download or read book Tooth Enamel: Its Composition, Properties, and Fundamental Structure written by Ronald W. Fearnhead and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Morphologic Investigation of Certain Variations in the Structure and Mineralization of Human Dental Enamel by : Anna-Greta Gustafson
Download or read book A Morphologic Investigation of Certain Variations in the Structure and Mineralization of Human Dental Enamel written by Anna-Greta Gustafson and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ultra-Structural Aspects of Human Enamel Surface Pretreatments by : Jiajun Zhu
Download or read book Ultra-Structural Aspects of Human Enamel Surface Pretreatments written by Jiajun Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Ultra-structural Aspects of Human Enamel Surface Pretreatments" by Jiajun, Zhu, 朱嘉珺, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Enamel acid etching has been studied for almost 60 years, i.e., since successful enamel adhesion was first achieved. It was proposed to be due to the micro-mechanical interlocking based on the use of phosphoric acid to etch the so-called ideal etching pattern etching, at certain conditions. According to the systematically screened 2500 non-duplicated publications, with the inclusion of 175 laboratory studies and 18 clinical trials, phosphoric acid etching was found and is still considered to produce promising bonding on intact enamel surfaces. However, other etching agents, such as poly(acrylic acid), self-etching primers (SEP), non-rinse conditioners and other acids could also contribute to satisfactory bond strengths without creating too high surface roughness, etching depth and/or morphological alteration. Thus, an ideal etching pattern might not be necessary in enamel adhesion. An unduly use of ideal etching pattern in literature to assess the enamel adhesion seems more prone to the flaw observations and vague conclusions. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of enamel adhesion is vital. In this thesis, an ultra-structural investigation based on chemical composition, crystallography, micro-roughness, morphology, micro-hardness and surface tension, on intact human mature enamel with various pretreatment methods were studied, with an ethical approval (HKWC-HKU Cluster REC/IRB document No.: UW13-262). The current study found that phosphoric acid etching by liquids and gels could remove the superficial aprismatic enamel layer. The acid etching could also generate a rougher, softer and porous enamel surface, whilst commercial SEPs that contain 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) and 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phosphates (HEMA-phosphates) left excess amounts of phosphates onto enamel surfaces and showed a minor demineralization effect. Furthermore, mono-HEMA-phosphate solutions could demonstrate both mild etching and a chemically reactive effect on the intact enamel, particularly when at 40 v/v%. All the pretreatment methods used in this study could effectively increase enamel surface free energy, i.e. physical adsorption deemed to be the critical factor rather than micro-mechanical adhesion in enamel adhesion. Apparently, the measurement of surface free energy was probably more appropriate than morphological examination to evaluate the enamel surface pretreatment method. In addition, due to the insignificant etching effect, the definition of "self-etching" might need to be re-considered. To conclude, the current ultra-structural investigation on various intact human enamel pretreatment methods may offer new insights about the basics and fundamental theory for enamel adhesion. This may yet lead to a better development of primers to serve and enhance clinical dentistry. DOI: 10.5353/th_b5387962 Subjects: Dental enamel - Ultrastructure
Book Synopsis Changes in the Surface Chemistry of Enamel Exposed to Acid by : Anthoula Karagianni
Download or read book Changes in the Surface Chemistry of Enamel Exposed to Acid written by Anthoula Karagianni and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Near-surface Structural Examination of Human Tooth Enamel Subject to in Vitro Demineralization and Remineralization by : Carmen Veronica Gaines
Download or read book Near-surface Structural Examination of Human Tooth Enamel Subject to in Vitro Demineralization and Remineralization written by Carmen Veronica Gaines and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collective results suggest that mineral dissolution characteristics evident on the micron scale may not be fully translated to the nanoscale in assessing the integrity of chemically-modified tooth enamel. While an intuitive decrease in enamel crystallinity was observed with buffered lactic acid-treated samples, demineralization was too slow to adequately quantify the enamel property changes seen. MI Paste treatment of EDTA-demineralized enamel showed preferential growth along the a-axis direction. Calcifying solution treatments of both demineralized sample types appeared to have negligible effects on enamel crystallinity. Both remineralizing agents provided an increase in resiliency within the enamel surface layers. Findings from this study may prove useful in identifying more effective methods to prevent enamel demineralization and to promote and/or enhance remineralization for the treatment of tooth decay. Careful consideration of the nanoscale properties of treated surface enamel may lead to an understanding of how to truly regenerate decomposed enamel mineral from the inside out.
Book Synopsis Studies on the Distribution and Ultrastructure of the Main Components in Human Dental Enamel by : Birgit Angmar-Månsson
Download or read book Studies on the Distribution and Ultrastructure of the Main Components in Human Dental Enamel written by Birgit Angmar-Månsson and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterizing dental enamel’s mechanical properties from milli- to nanometer length scales by : Siang Fung Ang
Download or read book Characterizing dental enamel’s mechanical properties from milli- to nanometer length scales written by Siang Fung Ang and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2012-07-24 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the structure-property relationship of enamel is a basis to improve restorative and preventive dentistry. The structure-mechanical properties relationship of dental enamel (made of apatite fibers and a small amount of organics and water) was studied. Enamel’s elastic moduli, elastic/inelastic transition were quantified and the toughening mechanisms were identified for different hierarchical levels. During creep, the interrod regions are able to dissipate higher irreversible energy compared to the enamel rod regions. For enamel fracture, the crack tip toughness, the cohesive stresses and size of the cohesive zone at the crack-tip were quantified.
Book Synopsis Tooth Enamel Ultrastructure by : Hazem Eimar
Download or read book Tooth Enamel Ultrastructure written by Hazem Eimar and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tooth enamel is one of the hardest materials found in the animal kingdom. Accordingly, understanding its unique characteristics is of special interest for the interpretation of distinct tooth physical properties and for the development of new synthetic materials. Enamel is a composite material that comprises an inorganic matrix composed of hierarchically organized carbonated hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals, and an organic matrix mainly composed of the protein amelogenin. This study was designed to investigate how variations in enamel ultrastructure and chemical composition (organic and inorganic) may affect tooth mechanical and optical properties.One hundred extracted sound teeth were collected from adult patients attending McGill Undergraduate Dental Clinic. Vickers microindentation, Shade spectrophotometry, FTIR, SEM-EDS and XRD were used to asses enamel microhardness, tooth shade (registered in universal shade parameters: lightness, chroma and hue), chemical ....
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Biomaterials II by : Kevin Healy
Download or read book Comprehensive Biomaterials II written by Kevin Healy and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-05-18 with total page 4865 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive Biomaterials II, Second Edition, Seven Volume Set brings together the myriad facets of biomaterials into one expertly-written series of edited volumes. Articles address the current status of nearly all biomaterials in the field, their strengths and weaknesses, their future prospects, appropriate analytical methods and testing, device applications and performance, emerging candidate materials as competitors and disruptive technologies, research and development, regulatory management, commercial aspects, and applications, including medical applications. Detailed coverage is given to both new and emerging areas and the latest research in more traditional areas of the field. Particular attention is given to those areas in which major recent developments have taken place. This new edition, with 75% new or updated articles, will provide biomedical scientists in industry, government, academia, and research organizations with an accurate perspective on the field in a manner that is both accessible and thorough. Reviews the current status of nearly all biomaterials in the field by analyzing their strengths and weaknesses, performance, and future prospects Covers all significant emerging technologies in areas such as 3D printing of tissues, organs and scaffolds, cell encapsulation; multimodal delivery, cancer/vaccine - biomaterial applications, neural interface understanding, materials used for in situ imaging, and infection prevention and treatment Effectively describes the many modern aspects of biomaterials from basic science, to clinical applications
Book Synopsis Calcium Orthophosphates by : Sergey V. Dorozhkin
Download or read book Calcium Orthophosphates written by Sergey V. Dorozhkin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-06-04 with total page 863 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to a great chemical similarity with the biological calcified tissues, many calcium orthophosphates possess remarkable biocompatibility and bioactivity. Materials scientists use this property extensively to construct artificial bone grafts that are either entirely made of or only surface-coated with the biologically relevant calcium orthophospha
Book Synopsis Studies of Surface Enamel Reactivity of Human Teeth by : Oscar Guillermo Sierra
Download or read book Studies of Surface Enamel Reactivity of Human Teeth written by Oscar Guillermo Sierra and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Vibrational Spectroscopy in Diagnosis and Screening by : Feride Severcan
Download or read book Vibrational Spectroscopy in Diagnosis and Screening written by Feride Severcan and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years there has been a tremendous growth in the use of vibrational spectroscopic methods for diagnosis and screening. These applications range from diagnosis of disease states in humans, such as cancer, to rapid identification and screening of microorganisms. The growth in such types of studies has been possible thanks to advances in instrumentation and associated computational and mathematical tools for data processing and analysis. This volume of Advances in Biomedical Spectroscopy contains chapters from leading experts who discuss the latest advances in the application of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Near infrared (NIR), Terahertz and Raman spectroscopy for diagnosis and screening in fields ranging from medicine, dentistry, forensics and aquatic science. Many of the chapters provide information on sample preparation, data acquisition and data interpretation that would be particularly valuable for new users of these techniques including established scientists and graduate students in both academia and industry.
