The Case Against Sugar

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Publisher : Anchor
ISBN 13 : 0451493990
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (514 download)

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Book Synopsis The Case Against Sugar by : Gary Taubes

Download or read book The Case Against Sugar written by Gary Taubes and published by Anchor. This book was released on 2016-12-27 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the best-selling author of Why We Get Fat, a groundbreaking, eye-opening exposé that makes the convincing case that sugar is the tobacco of the new millennium: backed by powerful lobbies, entrenched in our lives, and making us very sick. Among Americans, diabetes is more prevalent today than ever; obesity is at epidemic proportions; nearly 10% of children are thought to have nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. And sugar is at the root of these, and other, critical society-wide, health-related problems. With his signature command of both science and straight talk, Gary Taubes delves into Americans' history with sugar: its uses as a preservative, as an additive in cigarettes, the contemporary overuse of high-fructose corn syrup. He explains what research has shown about our addiction to sweets. He clarifies the arguments against sugar, corrects misconceptions about the relationship between sugar and weight loss; and provides the perspective necessary to make informed decisions about sugar as individuals and as a society.

Sugar

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781536153965
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (539 download)

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Book Synopsis Sugar by : Fredrick Caras

Download or read book Sugar written by Fredrick Caras and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A variety of analytical techniques have been developed to determine the content of sugars in honey, such as spectroscopic, chromatographic, and electrochemical ones. In this collection, the authors present the cross-section of results on sugar composition, obtained by contemporary analytical methods used in honey authentication. The following chapter addresses how sago fronds can be used to produce sugar, which contains cellobiose and glucose as the main sugars at about 10 g/L and 5 g/L, respectively. SFS has been used as the complete fermentation medium for the production of L-lactic acid using L. lactis IO-1 without the need for further amendment. Next, the authors address the impact of processing on the physicochemical characteristics and elemental composition of brown sugar produced in Brazil. 15 brown sugar samples of 5 distinct brands in 3 different were evaluated, and the moisture contents of the samples were determined by Karl Fischer titration, and thermogravimetric analysis determined the melting point. The typical process of producing solid sugar from sugarcane and mapping by-products and residues that are generated at each stage is presented. By-products are characterized and the technologies prominent in energy reuse are addressed. Recent studies, applications, trends, challenges and constraints for the future use of sucrose and sucrochemistry derivatives are also discussed. This represents a diversification-promising productive concept of green organic chemistry, based on an accessible, low-priced, ecological and renewable source, which stands in the short and long terms as the best opportunity to compete economically with petrochemicals. In addition, several factors related to the sustainability production of sugar as a raw material, that include innovative production processes, natural and artificial substitute sweeteners, geopolitics, medical research and new end uses are discussed. The concluding work seeks to examine the changes in the properties of elastomeric compounds as a consequence of conventional additives such as zinc oxide and stearic acid by sugar cane bagasse, a green option for obtaining environmentally friendly elastomeric compounds.

The Complete Book on Sugarcane Processing and By-Products of Molasses (with Analysis of Sugar, Syrup and Molasses)

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Author :
Publisher : ASIA PACIFIC BUSINESS PRESS Inc.
ISBN 13 : 8178331446
Total Pages : 514 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (783 download)

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Book Synopsis The Complete Book on Sugarcane Processing and By-Products of Molasses (with Analysis of Sugar, Syrup and Molasses) by : H. Panda

Download or read book The Complete Book on Sugarcane Processing and By-Products of Molasses (with Analysis of Sugar, Syrup and Molasses) written by H. Panda and published by ASIA PACIFIC BUSINESS PRESS Inc.. This book was released on 2011-10-01 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sugarcane grows in all tropical and subtropical countries. Sucrose as a commercial product is produced in many forms worldwide. Sugar was first manufactured from sugarcane in India, and its manufacture has spread from there throughout the world. The manufacture of sugar for human consumption has been characterized from time immemorial by the transformation of the collected juice of sugar bearing plants, after some kind of purification of the juice, to a concentrated solid or semi solid product that could be packed, kept in containers and which had a high degree of keep ability. The efficiency with which juice can be extracted from the cane is limited by the technology used. Sugarcane processing is focused on the production of cane sugar (sucrose) from sugarcane. The yield of sugar & Jaggery from sugar cane depends mostly on the quality of the cane and the efficiency of the extraction of juice. Other products of the processing include bagasse, molasses, and filter cake. Sugarcane is known to be a heavy consumer of synthetic fertilizers, irrigation water, micronutrients and organic carbon. Molasses is produced in two forms: inedible for humans (blackstrap) or as edible syrup. Blackstrap molasses is used primarily as an animal feed additive but also is used to produce ethanol, compressed yeast, citric acid, and rum. Edible molasses syrups are often blended with maple syrup, invert sugars, or corn syrup. Cleanliness is vital to the whole process of sugar manufacturing. The biological software is an important biotechnical input in sugarcane cultivation. The use of these products will encourage organic farming and sustainable agriculture. The book comprehensively deals with the manufacture of sugar from sugarcane and its by-products (Ethyl Alcohol, Ethyl Acetate, Acetic Anhydride, By Product of Alcohol, Press mud and Sugar Alcohols), together with the description of machinery, analysis of sugar syrup, molasses and many more. Some of the fundamentals of the book are improvement of sugar cane cultivation, manufacture of Gur (Jaggery), cane sugar refining: decolourization with absorbent, crystallization of juice, exhaustibility of molasses, colour of sugar cane juice, analysis of the syrup, massecuites and molasses bagasse and its uses, microprocessor based electronic instrumentation and control system for modernisation of the sugar industry, etc. Research scholars, professional students, scientists, new entrepreneurs, sugar technologists and present manufacturers will find valuable educational material and wider knowledge of the subject in this book. Comprehensive in scope, the book provides solutions that are directly applicable to the manufacturing technology of sugar from sugarcane plant. TAGS Acetic Anhydride from Molasses, Alcohol from Molasses, Analysis of Sugar, Bagasse and its Uses, Best small and cottage scale industries, Business guidance for sugarcane production, Business guidance to clients, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business plan for sugarcane production, Business start-up, By Products of Molasses, Composition of Sugar Cane and Juice, Ethyl Acetate from Molasses, Ethyl Alcohol from Molasses, Extraction of sucrose from sugarcane, Get started in small-scale sugar manufacturing, Great Opportunity for Startup, How Is Cane Sugar Processed, How is sugar made from sugarcane?, How Sugar Cane Is Made, How sugar is made, How to Make Sugar from Sugar Cane, How to make sugar from sugarcane, How to manufacture sugar from sugarcane, How to start a successful Sugarcane processing business, How to start a Sugar manufacturing business, How to Start a Sugar Production Business, How to Start a Sugarcane processing?, How to Start and Make Profit from Sugar-Cane, How to start process of making sugar from sugarcane, How to Start Sugar Cane Farming, How to start Sugar making Process from sugarcane, How to Start Sugar Manufacturing Process, How to start sugar production from Cane Sugar or Sugarcane, How to Start Sugarcane Processing Industry in India, Manufacture of gur, Manufacture of Jaggery, Modern small and cottage scale industries, Most Profitable Sugarcane Processing Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Sugarcane processing industry, Press mud and Sugar Alcohols, Process of Cane Sugar Refining, Products Sugar By-Products, Profitable small and cottage scale industries, Profitable Small Scale sugar Manufacturing, Project for startups, Setting up and opening your Sugarcane Business, Setting up of Sugarcane Processing Units, Small scale Commercial sugar making, Small scale Sugarcane by products production line, Small Scale Sugarcane Processing Projects, Small Start-up Business Project, Small-Scale Sugar-cane Juice Production, Start up India, Stand up India, Starting a Sugarcane Processing Business, Start-up Business Plan for Sugarcane by products, Startup ideas, Startup Project, Startup Project for Sugarcane processing, Startup project plan, Sugar cane and syrup, Sugar Cane -Business Plan, Sugar cane mill, Sugar cane processing, Sugar making machine factory, Sugar Making Small Business Manufacturing, Sugar manufacturing process from sugarcane, Sugar manufacturing process, Sugar mill process, Sugar production business plan, Sugar Production from Cane Sugar, Sugarcane and its by-products, Sugarcane Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Sugarcane Business Ideas & Opportunities, Sugarcane By-Products Based Industries in India, Sugarcane cultivation, Sugarcane manufacturing Process, Sugarcane Processing and By-Products of Molasses, Sugarcane Processing Based Profitable Projects, Sugarcane processing business list, Sugarcane processing Business, Sugarcane Processing Industry in India, Sugarcane Processing Projects, Sugarcane Processing, Syrup and Molasses, Utilization of sugar cane by-products, What are the products manufactured from sugar cane, Which products can be prepared or produced from sugarcane

Handbook of Sugar Refining

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Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780471183570
Total Pages : 778 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (835 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Sugar Refining by : Chung Chi Chou

Download or read book Handbook of Sugar Refining written by Chung Chi Chou and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2000-08-14 with total page 778 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a reference work on the design and operation of cane sugar manufacturing facilities. It covers cane sugar decolorization, filtration, evaporation and crystallization, centrifugation, drying, and packaging,

Sugar Maple Research

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Sugar Maple Research by :

Download or read book Sugar Maple Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Proceedings of the ... Sugar Processing Research Conference

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the ... Sugar Processing Research Conference by :

Download or read book Proceedings of the ... Sugar Processing Research Conference written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Environmental Impacts of Sugar Production

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Author :
Publisher : Cabi
ISBN 13 : 9780851999814
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Impacts of Sugar Production by : Oliver Cheesman

Download or read book Environmental Impacts of Sugar Production written by Oliver Cheesman and published by Cabi. This book was released on 2004 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains 8 chapters on the environmental impact of the cultivation and processing of sugarcane and sugarbeet. The chapters are entitled: (1) background; (2) overview; (3) water consumption; (4) impacts on water quality and aquatic ecosystems; (5) impacts on terrestrial biodiversity; (6) impacts on soils; (7) atmospheric impacts; and (8) use and impacts of byproducts. This book will be of significant interest to policymakers, industry practitioners and researchers in sugar, crop, soil, water and environmental sciences.

Proceedings of the 1984 Sugar Processing Research Conference, October 16-18, 1984, New Orleans, Louisiana

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 1984 Sugar Processing Research Conference, October 16-18, 1984, New Orleans, Louisiana by : Mary An Godshall

Download or read book Proceedings of the 1984 Sugar Processing Research Conference, October 16-18, 1984, New Orleans, Louisiana written by Mary An Godshall and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

From King Cane to the Last Sugar Mill

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780824895761
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (957 download)

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Book Synopsis From King Cane to the Last Sugar Mill by : C. Allan Jones

Download or read book From King Cane to the Last Sugar Mill written by C. Allan Jones and published by . This book was released on 2023-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From King Cane to the Last Sugar Mill focuses on the technological and scientific advances that allowed Hawai'i's sugar industry to become a world leader and Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Company (HC&S) to survive into the twenty-first century. The authors, both agricultural scientists, offer a detailed history of the industry and its contributions, balanced with discussion of the enormous societal and environmental changes due to its aggressive search for labor, land, and water. Sugarcane cultivation in Hawai'i began with the arrival of Polynesian settlers, expanded into a commercial crop in the mid-1800s, and became a significant economic and political force by the end of the nineteenth century. Hawai'i's sugar industry entered the twentieth century heralding major improvements in sugarcane varieties, irrigation systems, fertilizer use, biological pest control, and the use of steam power for field and factory operations. By the 1920s, the industry was among the most technologically advanced in the world. Its expansion, however, was not without challenges. Hawai'i's annexation by the United States in 1898 invalidated the Kingdom's contract labor laws, reduced the plantations' hold on labor, and resulted in successful strikes by Japanese and Filipino workers. The industry survived the low sugar prices of the Great Depression and labor shortages of World War II by mechanizing to increase productivity. The 1950s and 1960s saw science-driven gains in output and profitability, but the following decades brought unprecedented economic pressures that reduced the number of plantations from twenty-seven in 1970 to only four in 2000. By 2011 only one plantation remained. Hawai'i's last surviving sugar mill, HC&S--with its large size, excellent water resources, and efficient irrigation and automated systems--remained generally profitable into the 2000s. Severe drought conditions, however, caused substantial operating losses in 2008 and 2009. Though profits rebounded, local interest groups have mounted legal challenges to HC&S's historic water rights and the public health effects of preharvest burning. While the company has experimented with alternative harvesting methods to lessen environmental impacts, HC&S has yet to find those to be economically viable. As a result, the future of the last sugar company in Hawai'i remains uncertain.

Chemistry and Processing of Sugarbeet and Sugarcane

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Publisher : Elsevier Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9780444430205
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemistry and Processing of Sugarbeet and Sugarcane by : Margaret A. Clarke

Download or read book Chemistry and Processing of Sugarbeet and Sugarcane written by Margaret A. Clarke and published by Elsevier Publishing Company. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world of sugar production has undergone massive changes in the last decade which have resulted in the emergence of many technological changes as technologists strive to develop more efficient and cheaper processes. This is the first book to be published for several years which describes the current state of sugar technology. It presents the recent developments in beet and cane sugar manufacturing; describes the chemistry of sugar processing and products; and considers trends and future possibilities in sugar production systems and products. The book comprises two sections: beet and cane. The overview of the crop and the production systems that begins each section serves as a framework for the papers that follow. Several papers, i.e. those on sucrose chemistry - are relevant to both sugarcane and sugarbeet. The authors of the papers are all invited speakers well known in their respective fields. The book should be on the shelf of all sugarcane and sugarbeet factories and refiners around the world as well as those companies who are sugar users or who supply goods and services to the sugar industry.

The Chemistry and Technology of Furfural and its Many By-Products

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080528996
Total Pages : 375 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis The Chemistry and Technology of Furfural and its Many By-Products by : K.J. Zeitsch

Download or read book The Chemistry and Technology of Furfural and its Many By-Products written by K.J. Zeitsch and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-02-09 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a "world first", since the furfural industry has been traditionally secretive to the point of appearing shrouded in clouds of mystery. Even renowned encyclopedic works have published but scant and often erroneous information on the subject. Striking a healthy balance between theory and practice, the book leads the reader from reaction mechanisms and kinetics to the technology of making furfural by various old and new processes, using conventional raw materials or sulfite waste liquor. Detailed discussions of means of increasing the yield are of great chemical and technological interest as well as of immense economic importance. From furfural proper, the treatise shifts to the fascinating field of wanted and unwanted by-products ranging from largely unutilized carboxylic acids to troublesome impurities such as 5-methyl furfural and 2-furyl methyl ketone, and then to extremely valuable serendipitous flavor compounds such as diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione. A wide variety of derivatives are discussed; considerable space is devoted to polytetrahydrofuran, an important building block of stretchable synthetic fibers, while furan resins from both furfural and furfuryl alcohol are given the attention commensurate with their industrial importance. Notable supplementary chapters cover the in-line measurement of furfural, the treatment of furfural waste water, and various aspects of corrosion. A chapter on the applications of furfural elaborates not only traditional uses in extracting petroleum and vegetable oils but also the sensational discovery that furfural is a highly effective "indirect nematocide". Without becoming toxic, it changes the microflora of the soil by stimulating bacteria antagonistic to nematodes, thereby reducing the nematode population to zero, at an unprecedented low price. It is believed that this application will be the principal outlet for furfural in the future. A comprehensive list of physical properties, some never published before, make the book an indispensable companion for producers, users and researchers alike.

Sweetness and Power

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Author :
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 1101666641
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Sweetness and Power by : Sidney W. Mintz

Download or read book Sweetness and Power written by Sidney W. Mintz and published by Penguin. This book was released on 1986-08-05 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fascinating persuasive history of how sugar has shaped the world, from European colonies to our modern diets In this eye-opening study, Sidney Mintz shows how Europeans and Americans transformed sugar from a rare foreign luxury to a commonplace necessity of modern life, and how it changed the history of capitalism and industry. He discusses the production and consumption of sugar, and reveals how closely interwoven are sugar's origins as a "slave" crop grown in Europe's tropical colonies with is use first as an extravagant luxury for the aristocracy, then as a staple of the diet of the new industrial proletariat. Finally, he considers how sugar has altered work patterns, eating habits, and our diet in modern times. "Like sugar, Mintz is persuasive, and his detailed history is a real treat." -San Francisco Chronicle

Sugarlandia Revisited

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Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 9781845453169
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (531 download)

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Book Synopsis Sugarlandia Revisited by : Ulbe Bosma

Download or read book Sugarlandia Revisited written by Ulbe Bosma and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2007 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sugar was the single most valuable bulk commodity traded internationally before oil became the world's prime resource. From the sixteenth to the eighteenth century, cane sugar production was pre-eminent in the Atlantic Islands, the Caribbean, and Brazil. Subsequently, cane sugar industries in the Americas were transformed by a fusion of new and old forces of production, as the international sugar economy incorporated production areas in Asia, the Pacific, and Africa. Sugar's global economic importance and its intimate relationship with colonialism offer an important context for probing the nature of colonial societies. This book questions some major assumptions about the nexus between sugar production and colonial societies in the Caribbean and Southeast Asia, especially in the second (post-1800) colonial era.

Sugar and Civilization

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Author :
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469622521
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis Sugar and Civilization by : April Merleaux

Download or read book Sugar and Civilization written by April Merleaux and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2015-07-13 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the weeks and months after the end of the Spanish-American War, Americans celebrated their nation's triumph by eating sugar. Each of the nation's new imperial possessions, from Puerto Rico to the Philippines, had the potential for vastly expanding sugar production. As victory parties and commemorations prominently featured candy and other sweets, Americans saw sugar as the reward for their global ambitions. April Merleaux demonstrates that trade policies and consumer cultures are as crucial to understanding U.S. empire as military or diplomatic interventions. As the nation's sweet tooth grew, people debated tariffs, immigration, and empire, all of which hastened the nation's rise as an international power. These dynamics played out in the bureaucracies of Washington, D.C., in the pages of local newspapers, and at local candy counters. Merleaux argues that ideas about race and civilization shaped sugar markets since government policies and business practices hinged on the racial characteristics of the people who worked the land and consumed its products. Connecting the history of sugar to its producers, consumers, and policy makers, Merleaux shows that the modern American sugar habit took shape in the shadow of a growing empire.

Manufacture and Refining of Raw Cane Sugar

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Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483274969
Total Pages : 470 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Manufacture and Refining of Raw Cane Sugar by : V. E. Baikow

Download or read book Manufacture and Refining of Raw Cane Sugar written by V. E. Baikow and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-03 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manufacture and Refining of Raw Cane Sugar provides an operating manual to the workers in cane raw sugar factories and refineries. While there are many excellent reference and text books written by prominent authors, there is none that tell briefly to the superintendent of fabrication the best and simplest procedures in sugar production. This book is not meant to replace existing books treating sugar production, but rather to supplement them. All that is written in this book, each chapter of which deals with a separate station in a raw sugar factory and refinery, is also based on material already published and known to many in the sugar industry. The book is organized into two parts. Part I covers raw sugar and includes chapters on the harvesting and transportation of sugar cane to the factory; washing of sugar cane and juice extraction; weighing of cane juice; boiling of raw sugar massecuites; and storing and shipping bulk sugar. Part II on refining deals with processes such as clarification and treatment of refinery melt; filtration; and drying, cooling, conditioning, and bulk handling of refined sugar.

Assessment and Control of Operational Loss of Sugar During Sugar Cane Processing

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Author :
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3346157555
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (461 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessment and Control of Operational Loss of Sugar During Sugar Cane Processing by : Paul Chacha

Download or read book Assessment and Control of Operational Loss of Sugar During Sugar Cane Processing written by Paul Chacha and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2020-04-29 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Case Study from the year 2020 in the subject Agrarian Studies, , language: English, abstract: This paper concentrated on assessing and controlling the operational loss of sugar in various sugar byproducts during cane processing in cane sugar factory. In the study, factors associated with operational loss were discussed and Kagera Sugar Limited (KSL) was taken as a case study. Operational sucrose loss is divided into two major categories namely, determined losses and undetermined losses. Determined losses are those which can be easily quantified through lab analysis, such as loss in molasses, filter cake and bagasse. Unlike determined losses, undetermined losses are difficult to estimate directly but rather by factory material balance. Undetermined loss is further classified into chemical loss, mechanical loss and administrative loss. In both losses, the loss through molasses is by far the largest of total loss encountered during cane processing. Objective of this paper was to develop means of increasing sucrose recovery by monitoring sugar loss. After analyzing data collected from KSL production reports, for crushing seasons 2015/16 and 2016/17 the operational loss was 2.83 and 2.87 pol % cane crushed in respective seasons. This means KSL loses significant amount of sucrose as compared to 2.20 pol% cane crushed for plants installed after 1994 as reported by. Sugar loss in molasses and bagasse was high than others, it was concluded that, the use of three laws of sucrose loss in molasses coupled with optimization of boiling house operations would result in minimized loss of sucrose in molasses. Also, improving extraction would result in minimum sucrose loss in bagasse.

Sugar Water

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Author :
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
ISBN 13 : 0824864506
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (248 download)

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Book Synopsis Sugar Water by : Carol Wilcox

Download or read book Sugar Water written by Carol Wilcox and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 1997-10-01 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hawaii's sugar industry enjoyed great success for most of the 20th century, and its influence was felt across a broad spectrum: economics, politics, the environment, and society. This success was made possible, in part, through the liberal use of Hawaii's natural resources. Chief among these was water, which was needed in enormous quantities to grow and process sugarcane. Between 1856 and 1920, sugar planters built miles of ditches, diverting water from almost every watershed in Hawaii. "Ditch" is a humble term for these great waterways. By 1920, ditches, tunnels, and flumes were diverting over 800 million gallons a day from streams and mountains to the canefields and their mills. Sugar Water chronicles the building of Hawaii's ditches, the men who conceived, engineered, and constructed them, and the sugar plantations and water companies that ran them. It explains how traditional Hawaiian water rights and practices were affected by Western ways and how sugar economics transformed Hawaii from an insular, agrarian, and debt-ridden society into one of the most cosmopolitan and prosperous in the Pacific.