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Substitution Over Time
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Book Synopsis Substitution Over Time by : Casey B. Mulligan
Download or read book Substitution Over Time written by Casey B. Mulligan and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most studies of the intertemporal substitution of work use life cycle data and, from those studies, many have concluded that intertemporal labor substitution is unimportant for macroeconomics. This paper takes another look at life cycle data and argues that a consideration of measurement errors, taxes, on-the-job training the margins' composing aggregate labor supply over the life cycle suggests that substitution over time may be very important for macro fluctuations. The life cycle data used includes fairly standard male cross-section and panel data samples as well as a sample of women experiencing the termination of AFDC benefits as their youngest child turns 18 years old
Book Synopsis Substitution over time in work and consumption by : Robert E. Hall
Download or read book Substitution over time in work and consumption written by Robert E. Hall and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Substitution Over Time in Work and Consumption by : Robert Ernest Hall
Download or read book Substitution Over Time in Work and Consumption written by Robert Ernest Hall and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Intertemporal Substitution in Macroeconomics by : N. Gregory Mankiw
Download or read book Intertemporal Substitution in Macroeconomics written by N. Gregory Mankiw and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern neoclassical theories of the business cycle posit that aggregate fluctuations in consumption and employment are the consequence of dynamic optimizing behavior by economic agents who face no quantity constraint. In this paper, we estimate an explicit model :f this type. In particular, we assume that the observed fluctuations correspond to the decisions of an optimizing representative individual. This individual has a stable utility function which is additively separable over time but not necessarily additively separable in consumption and leisure. We estimate three first order conditions which represent three margins on which the individual is optimizing. He can trade off present consumption for future consumption, present leisure for future leisure and present consumption for present leisure. Our results show that the aggregate U.S. data are extremely reluctant to be characterized by a model of this type. Not only are the overidentifying restrictions statistically rejected but, in addition, the estimated utility function is often not concave. Even when it is concave the estimates imply that either consumption or leisure is an inferior good.
Book Synopsis Mathematics for economists by : Malcolm Pemberton
Download or read book Mathematics for economists written by Malcolm Pemberton and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2023-11-10 with total page 1118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a self-contained treatment of all the mathematics needed by undergraduate and masters-level students of economics, econometrics and finance. Building up gently from a very low level, the authors provide a clear, systematic coverage of calculus and matrix algebra. The second half of the book gives a thorough account of probability, dynamics and static and dynamic optimisation. The last four chapters are an accessible introduction to the rigorous mathematical analysis used in graduate-level economics. The emphasis throughout is on intuitive argument and problem-solving. All methods are illustrated by examples, exercises and problems selected from central areas of modern economic analysis. The book's careful arrangement in short chapters enables it to be used in a variety of course formats for students with or without prior knowledge of calculus, for reference and for self-study. The preface to the new edition and full table of contents are available from https://www.manchesterhive.com/page/mathematics-for-economists-supplementary-materials
Book Synopsis Material Substitution by : John E. Tilton
Download or read book Material Substitution written by John E. Tilton and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-09-25 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Substitution has long been a common remedy for materials shortages. This study, originally published in 1983, uses tin to examine how and why substitution takes place. To provide insights into the tin industry and the practice of substitution, the case studies in this title examine three tin-using industries—beverage containers, solder, and tin chemical stabilisers. Overall, the contributors to this volume raise fundamental questions concerning the techniques for both short- and long-term forecasts of materials requirements in the industrial sector. This title will be of particular interest to students of Environmental Science.
Book Synopsis Substitution Over Time in Work and Consumption by :
Download or read book Substitution Over Time in Work and Consumption written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Allocation of Time and Goods Over the Life Cycle by : Gilbert R. Ghez
Download or read book The Allocation of Time and Goods Over the Life Cycle written by Gilbert R. Ghez and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1975 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a belief now that family behavior over the life cycle can be analyzed by economic methods. This study deals with allocation of resources by families over time.
Book Synopsis Technological Substitution in Asia by : Ewa Lechman
Download or read book Technological Substitution in Asia written by Ewa Lechman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-14 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over last few decades, the world has witnessed, the process of rapid diffusion of new information and communication technologies (ICT) that enforced remarkable changes and structural shifts going far beyond economic sphere of life. ICT become fast available widespread and rapidly growing access to and use of ICT, additionally enhances the process of technological substitution, which consists in switching from the ‘old’ to ‘new’ technological solutions. The on-going digital revolution, undeniably, pervasively impacts and reshapes societies and economies, hence deserves special attention and interest. This book provides extensive evidence on information and communication technologies development diffusion patterns, unveils specific ‘network effects’ that enhance rapid spread of ICT, and detect major macroeconomic determinants of this process, across 36 Asian economies over the period 1980-2015. Moreover, this research traces country-specific patterns of the unique process. We consider two types of technological substitution, namely: ‘fixed-to-mobile’ type technological substitution process encompasses switching from fixed telephony (‘old technology’) to mobile telephony (‘new technology’); while the ‘fixed-to-wireless’ type technological substitution – switching from fixed (narrowband and/or broadband) fixed Internet networks (‘old technologies’) to wireless (mainly broadband) Internet networks (‘new technologies’). Moreover, this study empirically identifies the potential effect of selected macroeconomic factors, which may potentially enhance dynamic spread of ICT.
Book Synopsis Parallel Substitution Algorithm by : S Achasova
Download or read book Parallel Substitution Algorithm written by S Achasova and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1994-08-31 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parallel Substitution Algorithm (PSA) is a new model for distributed (cellular) computations. It provides a concise mapping of distributed computation processes into cellular arrays. A PSA is specified by a set of parallel substitutions operating over a cellular array.Two concepts make PSA a powerful tool for modelling cellular computations: 1) naming functions which allow the specification of any type of interactions in the computation space, 2) a context which serves to represent control of a computational process in time.The foundation of PSA theory comprises validity conditions of computations in the synchronous and asynchronous modes, space-time, space-space (2D ⇒ 3D) and global-local equivalent transformations of PSAs, composition and decomposition of PSAs and interpretation of PSAs with automata nets.On the basis of the PSA theory, a variety of tools and techniques is developed for designing algorithmic-oriented cellular VLSI and optical architectures.
Book Synopsis Intertemporal Substitution in Macroeconomics (Classic Reprint) by : N. Gregory Mankiw
Download or read book Intertemporal Substitution in Macroeconomics (Classic Reprint) written by N. Gregory Mankiw and published by . This book was released on 2015-08-05 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Intertemporal Substitution in Macroeconomics Modern neoclassical theories of the business cycle posit that aggregate fluctuations in consumption and employment are the consequence of dynamic optimizing behavior by economic agents who face no quantity constraint. In this paper, we estimate an explicit model of this type. In particular, we assume that the observed fluctuations correspond to the decisions of an optimizing representative individual. This individual has a stable utility function which is additively separable over time but not necessarily additively separable in consumption and leisure. We estimate three first order conditions which represent three margins on which the individual is optimizing. He can trade off present consumption for future consumption, present leisure for future leisure and present consumption for present leisure. Our results show that the aggregate U.S. data are extremely reluctant to be characterized by a model of this type. Not only are the overidentifying restrictions statistically rejected but, In addition, the estimated utility function is often not concave. Even when it is concave the estimates imply that either consumption or leisure is an inferior good. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Book Synopsis Intertemporal Substitution in Labour Supply by : Tony S. Wirjanto
Download or read book Intertemporal Substitution in Labour Supply written by Tony S. Wirjanto and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Representation and Substitution in the Atonement Theologies of Dorothee Sölle, John Macquarrie, and Karl Barth by : Jeannine Michele Graham
Download or read book Representation and Substitution in the Atonement Theologies of Dorothee Sölle, John Macquarrie, and Karl Barth written by Jeannine Michele Graham and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2005 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does what happened 2000 years ago in the life, death, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus Christ radically alter the human nature and life situation of men and women in every generation up to the present day? Pursuit of this question provided the initial impetus for this book, a study of two vital themes pertaining to the doctrine of atonement - representation and substitution. The author explores their meaning and role within the theologies of three significantly diverse contemporary theologians - Dorothee Sölle, John Macquarrie, and Karl Barth - concluding with a comparative analysis of all three perspectives in relation to each other.
Book Synopsis Some Systems of Substitution Correlations in Modern American English by : Ruth Crymes
Download or read book Some Systems of Substitution Correlations in Modern American English written by Ruth Crymes and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-03 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No detailed description available for "Some Systems of Substitution Correlations in Modern American English".
Download or read book Solvent Substitution written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Instant Payments: Regulatory Innovation and Payment Substitution Across Countries by : Mr. Tanai Khiaonarong
Download or read book Instant Payments: Regulatory Innovation and Payment Substitution Across Countries written by Mr. Tanai Khiaonarong and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-11-18 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Instant, or fast, payments are credit transfers completed and settled within seconds or minutes. They have low costs, reduce payment risk, and have significantly replaced the use of cash, cards, or check and direct debit payments. We note the role played by regulators in promoting instant payments and identify instances of significant payment instrument substitution across 12 advanced and emerging market economies. This substitution reflects the realized demand for attributes offered by instant payments. As these attributes are quite similar to those for CBDC, the demand for retail CBDC (if issued) may be less compelling.
Book Synopsis Intertemporal Substitution in Consumption by : Robert E. Hall
Download or read book Intertemporal Substitution in Consumption written by Robert E. Hall and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does a higher real interest rate induce significant postponement of consumption? According to the theory developed here, this question can be answered by studying the relation between the rate of growth of consumption and expected real interest rates. In postwar data for the United States, expected real returns have declined over time in the stock market and for savings accounts. Over the same period, the rate of growth of consumption has been almost steady. The paper concludes that intertemporal substitution is weak, for if it were strong, the growth rate of consumption would have declined
