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Study Of Quark Substructure Using Proton Proton Collisions
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Book Synopsis Study of Quark Substructure Using Proton-proton Collisions by : Daniel Miner
Download or read book Study of Quark Substructure Using Proton-proton Collisions written by Daniel Miner and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Two or more jets are frequently produced as a result of proton-proton collisions. The angular distribution of these jets can provide a wealth of information about the underlying interactions taking place as the protons collide. In this study, we use a simple observable called the dijet centrality ratio to examine this angular distribution, and search a 35.7 pb1 sample of data at [square root]s = 7 TeV from CERN's Large Hadron Collider for evidence of quark substructure. We expect to set a 95% confidence limit on the energy scale of such interactions of [lambda]
Book Synopsis Nuclear Physics by : National Research Council
Download or read book Nuclear Physics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-03-31 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dramatic progress has been made in all branches of physics since the National Research Council's 1986 decadal survey of the field. The Physics in a New Era series explores these advances and looks ahead to future goals. The series includes assessments of the major subfields and reports on several smaller subfields, and preparation has begun on an overview volume on the unity of physics, its relationships to other fields, and its contributions to national needs. Nuclear Physics is the latest volume of the series. The book describes current activity in understanding nuclear structure and symmetries, the behavior of matter at extreme densities, the role of nuclear physics in astrophysics and cosmology, and the instrumentation and facilities used by the field. It makes recommendations on the resources needed for experimental and theoretical advances in the coming decade.
Book Synopsis A Study of Highly-energetic Top Quarks Produced in Proton-proton Collisions Performed with the ATLAS Detector by : Kyle Cormier
Download or read book A Study of Highly-energetic Top Quarks Produced in Proton-proton Collisions Performed with the ATLAS Detector written by Kyle Cormier and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highly-energetic pairs of top quarks produced at the LHC are studied using the ATLAS detector. The analyzed data corresponds to 36.1 fb −1 of proton-proton collisions with a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, which were collected in 2015 and 2016. Measurements are made of differential cross-sections as a function of 13 kinematic variables describing the top quark system and compared to Standard Model predictions. The study focuses on tt̄ events where both the top and anti-top quark have large transverse momentum and decay into hadrons. Events are selected by requiring two large-radius jets in the detector. Jet substructure techniques are used to separate the signal from other hadronic final states, and the background is estimated using a data-driven technique. Results are corrected for detector effects and statistical comparisons are made with Standard Model calculations performed using Monte Carlo event generators. The results show general agreement between the data and predictions.
Book Synopsis Studying the Quark Structure of the Proton in High Energy Proton-Proton Collisions at RHIC by : Ruizhe Yang
Download or read book Studying the Quark Structure of the Proton in High Energy Proton-Proton Collisions at RHIC written by Ruizhe Yang and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents the first measurement of single spin asymmetries from inclusive di-hadron production in polarized proton-proton collisions at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. This measurement combines the transversity distribution function and a polarized di-hadron fragmentation function, therefore can be included in the global analysis as an independent measurement of quark transversity. Di-hadron single spin symmetries from currently available data sample are calculated for different ranges of invariant mass and transverse momentum of the pairs. Discussion of the results and projections of statistical uncertainties for future transverse running are presented.
Book Synopsis The Quark Structure of Matter by : Maurice Jacob
Download or read book The Quark Structure of Matter written by Maurice Jacob and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1992-11-01 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the quark structure of matter has been one of the most important advances in contemporary physics. It has unravelled a new and deeper level of structure in matter, and physics at that level reveals a unity and aesthetic simplicity never before attained. All forces emerge from a unique invariance principle and each of the basic interactions results from a specific symmetry property. Quarks interact among themselves through their ?colour?, as now accurately described by quantum chromodynamics.This volume brings together eight major review articles by Maurice Jacob, a physicist at the forefront of research on the quark structure of matter. He has, in particular, been involved with two research topics in this field. The first is the study of hadronic jets, which one actually sees instead of quarks, because of the opacity of the vacuum to colour. The second is the search for quark matter, a new form of matter believed to exist at high temperatures, when the vacuum should become transparent to colour.The papers in this volume provide a comprehensive review of these phenomenological studies on the quark structure of matter, and also a fasinating insight into the pace of recent progress in these areas. The book comes complete with an original introduction by the author, and also contains a pedagogical review on what is a most engrossing and rewarding field of research in physics.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309478561 Total Pages :153 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-10-13 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding of protons and neutrons, or "nucleons"â€"the building blocks of atomic nucleiâ€"has advanced dramatically, both theoretically and experimentally, in the past half century. A central goal of modern nuclear physics is to understand the structure of the proton and neutron directly from the dynamics of their quarks and gluons governed by the theory of their interactions, quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and how nuclear interactions between protons and neutrons emerge from these dynamics. With deeper understanding of the quark-gluon structure of matter, scientists are poised to reach a deeper picture of these building blocks, and atomic nuclei themselves, as collective many-body systems with new emergent behavior. The development of a U.S. domestic electron-ion collider (EIC) facility has the potential to answer questions that are central to completing an understanding of atoms and integral to the agenda of nuclear physics today. This study assesses the merits and significance of the science that could be addressed by an EIC, and its importance to nuclear physics in particular and to the physical sciences in general. It evaluates the significance of the science that would be enabled by the construction of an EIC, its benefits to U.S. leadership in nuclear physics, and the benefits to other fields of science of a U.S.-based EIC.
Book Synopsis Data-driven Extraction of the Substructure of Quark and Gluon Jets in Proton-proton and Heavy-ion Collisions by : Yueyang Ying
Download or read book Data-driven Extraction of the Substructure of Quark and Gluon Jets in Proton-proton and Heavy-ion Collisions written by Yueyang Ying and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The modification of quark- and gluon-initiated jets in the quark-gluon plasma produced in heavy-ion collisions is a long-standing question that has not yet received a definitive answer from experiments. In particular, the size of the modifications differs between theoretical models. Therefore a fully data-driven technique is crucial for an unbiased extraction of the quark and gluon jet spectra and substructure. We demonstrate a fully data-driven method for separating quark and gluon contributions to jet observables using a statistical technique called topic modeling. We will also demonstrate that jet substructures, such as jet shapes and jet fragmentation function, could be extracted using this data-driven method. This proof-of-concept study is based on proton-proton and heavy-ion collision events from the PYQUEN generator with statistics accessible in Run 4 of the Large Hadron Collider. These results suggest the potential for an experimental determination of quark- and gluon-jet spectra and their substructures.
Book Synopsis Search for Quark Compositeness in 7 TeV Proton-proton Collisions with the ATLAS Detector at the Large Hadron Collider by : Frank Berghaus
Download or read book Search for Quark Compositeness in 7 TeV Proton-proton Collisions with the ATLAS Detector at the Large Hadron Collider written by Frank Berghaus and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quarks and leptons are assumed to be fundamental particles in the Standard Model of particle physics. The Large Hadron Collider provided 7 TeV proton-proton collisions in 2010. These collisions permit the search for quark substructure at a smaller length scale than was previously possible. This thesis is an investigation of the angular distribution of high dijet mass events in 36 pb^{-1} of data recorded by the ATLAS detector. Further contributions to technical aspects of the analysis are described in the appendices. This analysis excludes quark substructure at?
Book Synopsis The Quark Structure of Hadrons by : Claude Amsler
Download or read book The Quark Structure of Hadrons written by Claude Amsler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-30 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Novel forms of matter, such as states made of gluons (glueballs), multiquark mesons or baryons and hybrid mesons are predicted by low energy QCD, for which several candidates have recently been identified. Searching for such exotic states of matter and studying their production and decay properties in detail has become a flourishing field at the experimental facilities now available or being built - e.g. BESIII in Beijing, BELLE II at SuperKEKB, GlueX at Jefferson Lab, PANDA at FAIR, J-PARC and in the upgraded LHC experiments, in particular LHCb. A modern primer in the field is required so as to both revive and update the teaching of a new generation of researchers in the field of QCD. These lectures on hadron spectroscopy are intended for Master and PhD students and have been originally developed for a course delivered at the Stefan Meyer Institute of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. They are phenomenologically oriented and intended as complementary material for basic courses in particle and nuclear physics. The book describes the spectra of light and heavy mesons and baryons, and introduces the fundamental properties based on symmetries. Further, it derives multiplet structures, mixing angle, decay coupling constants, magnetic moments of baryons, and predictions for multiquark states and compares these with suitable experimental data. Basic methods of calculating decay angular distributions and determining masses and widths of resonances are also presented. The appendices provide students and newcomers to the field with the necessary background information, and include a set of problems and solutions.
Book Synopsis Physics in Collision by : Per Carlson
Download or read book Physics in Collision written by Per Carlson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of particle physics is developing very rapidly. During this past year, physicists added a new instrument to their arsenal for the study of quark-quark, quark-lepton, and lepton lepton interactions. This machine, the PROTON-ANTIPROTON COLLIDER, achieved the highest energy in the world. With its five detectors, it is beginning to explore hitherto inaccessible regions for new physics (Section I). Lepton-Iepto~ machines with detectors at full efficiency are producing copious data of the very highest precision. The possibility of glueballs and the detailing of the properties of the upsilon family have been of major importance this year (Section II). The particle jets which are believed to be direct manifesta tions of the quark structure of matter continue to provide valuable data against which we can test the ideas of QCD (Section III). With the advent of more and better data it is now possible to study in detail the formation evolution of hadronic states. Especially interesting are the properties of heavy quark states (Section IV). A far-seeing look into the future development of any fecund scienti fic field is rarely accurate, but is always stimulating (Section V). It is against this background of participating in the clarifi cation of the Physics in Collision that we continue this series.
Book Synopsis Quark Model and High Energy Collisions by : Vladimir Vladislavovich Anisovich
Download or read book Quark Model and High Energy Collisions written by Vladimir Vladislavovich Anisovich and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2004 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an updated version of the book published in 1985. QCD-motivated, it gives a detailed description of hadron structure and soft interactions in the additive quark model, where hadrons are regarded as composite systems of dressed quarks.In the past decade it has become clear that nonperturbative QCD, responsible for soft hadronic processes, may differ rather drastically from perturbative QCD. The understanding of nonperturbative QCD requires a detailed investigation of the experiments and the theoretical approaches. Bearing this in mind, the book has been rewritten paying special attention to the interplay of soft hadronic collisions and the quark model. It is at the crossroads of these domains that peculiar features of strong QCD reveal themselves.The book discusses constituent quarks, diquarks, the massive effective gluons and the problem of scalar isoscalar mesons. The quark-gluonium classification of meson states is also given. Experimentally observed properties of hadrons are presented together with the corresponding theoretical interpretation in the framework of the composite hadron structure.The text includes a large theoretical part, which shows how to treat composite systems (including relativistic ones) with a technique based on spectral integration. This technique provides the possibility of handling hadrons as weakly bound systems of quarks and, at the same time, takes into account confinement.Attention is focused on the composite structure revealing itself in high energy hadron collisions. Fields of applicability of the additive quark model are discussed, as is colour screening in hadronic collisions at high and superhigh energies. Along with a detailed presentation of hadron-hadron collisions, a description of hadron-nucleus collisions is given.
Book Synopsis An Introduction to Quarks and Partons by : F. E. Close
Download or read book An Introduction to Quarks and Partons written by F. E. Close and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Identification of High Transverse Momentum Top Quarks in Pp Collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} by :
Download or read book Identification of High Transverse Momentum Top Quarks in Pp Collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study presents studies of the performance of several jet-substructure techniques, which are used to identify hadronically decaying top quarks with high transverse momentum contained in large-radius jets. The efficiency of identifying top quarks is measured using a sample of top-quark pairs and the rate of wrongly identifying jets from other quarks or gluons as top quarks is measured using multijet events collected with the ATLAS experiment in 20.3 fb-1 of 8 TeV proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. Predictions from Monte Carlo simulations are found to provide an accurate description of the performance. The techniques are compared in terms of signal efficiency and background rejection using simulations, covering a larger range in jet transverse momenta than accessible in the dataset. Finally and additionally, a novel technique is developed that is optimized to reconstruct top quarks in events with many jets.
Book Synopsis Looking Inside Jets by : Simone Marzani
Download or read book Looking Inside Jets written by Simone Marzani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-11 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise primer reviews the latest developments in the field of jets. Jets are collinear sprays of hadrons produced in very high-energy collisions, e.g. at the LHC or at a future hadron collider. They are essential to and ubiquitous in experimental analyses, making their study crucial. At present LHC energies and beyond, massive particles around the electroweak scale are frequently produced with transverse momenta that are much larger than their mass, i.e., boosted. The decay products of such boosted massive objects tend to occupy only a relatively small and confined area of the detector and are observed as a single jet. Jets hence arise from many different sources and it is important to be able to distinguish the rare events with boosted resonances from the large backgrounds originating from Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). This requires familiarity with the internal properties of jets, such as their different radiation patterns, a field broadly known as jet substructure. This set of notes begins by providing a phenomenological motivation, explaining why the study of jets and their substructure is of particular importance for the current and future program of the LHC, followed by a brief but insightful introduction to QCD and to hadron-collider phenomenology. The next section introduces jets as complex objects constructed from a sequential recombination algorithm. In this context some experimental aspects are also reviewed. Since jet substructure calculations are multi-scale problems that call for all-order treatments (resummations), the bases of such calculations are discussed for simple jet quantities. With these QCD and jet physics ingredients in hand, readers can then dig into jet substructure itself. Accordingly, these notes first highlight the main concepts behind substructure techniques and introduce a list of the main jet substructure tools that have been used over the past decade. Analytic calculations are then provided for several families of tools, the goal being to identify their key characteristics. In closing, the book provides an overview of LHC searches and measurements where jet substructure techniques are used, reviews the main take-home messages, and outlines future perspectives.
Book Synopsis Search for Pair-produced Vector-like B Quarks in Proton-proton Collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ by :
Download or read book Search for Pair-produced Vector-like B Quarks in Proton-proton Collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A search for the production of a heavy B quark, having electric charge -1/3 and vector couplings to W, Z, and H bosons, is carried out using proton-proton collision data recorded at the CERN LHC by the CMS experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb-1 . The B quark is assumed to be pair-produced and to decay in one of three ways: to tW, bZ, or bH. The search is carried out in final states with one, two, and more than two charged leptons, as well as in fully hadronic final states. Each of the channels in the exclusive final-state topologies is designed to be sensitive to specific combinations of the B quark-antiquark pair decays. The observed event yields are found to be consistent with the standard model expectations in all the fi- nal states studied. Our statistical combination of these results was performed and upper limits were set on the cross section of the strongly produced B quark-antiquark pairs as a function of the B quark mass. Additionally, lower limits on the B quark mass between 740 and 900 GeV are set at a 95% confidence level, depending on the values of the branching fractions of the B quark to tW, bZ, and bH. Overall, these limits are the most stringent to date.
Book Synopsis Dynamics of Quarks and Gluons in Extremely Inelastic Proton- Proton Collisions Studied at the CERN-ISR by : Hans Henrik Thodberg
Download or read book Dynamics of Quarks and Gluons in Extremely Inelastic Proton- Proton Collisions Studied at the CERN-ISR written by Hans Henrik Thodberg and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dynamics of quarks and gluons in extremely inelestic proton-proton collisions studied at the CERN-ISR. by : H.H. Thodberg
Download or read book Dynamics of quarks and gluons in extremely inelestic proton-proton collisions studied at the CERN-ISR. written by H.H. Thodberg and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
