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Author : Stanley R. Gemborys
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (631 download)
Download or read book Structure and Dynamics in a Virgin Northern Hardwood-spruce-fir Forest written by Stanley R. Gemborys and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Stanley R. Gemborys
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Structure and Dynamics in a Virgin Northern Hardwood-spruce-fir Forest written by Stanley R. Gemborys and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A phytosociological investigation was conducted in a virgin northern hardwood-spruce- fir forest in the lower elevations of the Bowl in the White Mountains of New Hampshire to determine the structure and dynamics of relatively small units of the forest. There is no evidence that the composition of the present forest has been influenced by human activity or fire, though portions of the present community demonstrate the effects of catastrophic damage caused by a severe hurricane in 1815. Forty-five 20- by 30-m plots ranging in elevation from 586 to 920 m were studied. Tree densities ranged from 685 to 3,851 stems/ha, basal areas from 22.0 to 60.5 m21ha, and shrub-seedling densities from 0.15 x 105 to 2.27 x 105 stems/ha. Bray and Curtis ordination was used to position the plots on the X and Y axes of a vegetational mosaic. The primary differentiating species were Picea rubens and Acer saccharum on the X axis and Betula alleghaniensis and Fagus grandifolia on the Y axis. The ordination was divided into seven subjectively defined plot clusters based primarily on the size-class distributions of four major tree species found in each plot. Cluster A represents a high-elevation, stable Picea abies unit. Cluster B represents a lower elevation, edaphically controlled Picea-Abies-Fagus grandifolia- Betula alleghaniensis unit which is projected to develop into a Picea-Abies-Fagus grandifolia unit. Clusters C to G represent stages in a successional sequence initiated by a catastrophic blowdown. The sequence is postulated to start with a Betula alleghaniansis Reproduction-Sapling unit, none of which was observed in the present forests of the Bowl. This stage develops into an All-Sized Immature Betula alleghaniensis unit (Cluster C) followed by a Mature Betula alleghaniensis/Sapling Acer saccharum-Fagus grandifolia unit (Cluster D). Then, depending on tree density, will follow a Mature Fagus grandifolia/Residual Decadent Betula alleghaniensis unit (Cluster E) or a Mixed Acer saccharum-Fagus grandifolia/Residual Decadent Betula alleghaniensis unit (Cluster F). Cluster F develops into a Decadent Acer saccharum-Fagus grandifolia unit (Cluster G). This and the unit represented by Cluster E could develop into a Hypothetical Decadent Fagus grandifolia/Acer saccharurn unit.
Author :
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Research Paper NE written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : William B. Leak
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 4 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Relationships of Tree Age to Diameter in Old-growth Northern Hardwoods and Spruce-fir written by William B. Leak and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Richard T. Busing
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (127 download)
Download or read book Gap and Stand Dynamics of a Southern Appalachian Spruce-fir Forest written by Richard T. Busing and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Paul Andrew Schwarz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book Spatial Patterns of Abundance of Northern Hardwood-conifer Tree Species in a Forested Valley in the White Mountains, New Hampshire, USA written by Paul Andrew Schwarz and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jordan T. Luff
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (141 download)
Download or read book Structural Characteristics and Recruitment Dynamics of Old-Growth Red Spruce-Northern Hardwoods Mixedwood Forests written by Jordan T. Luff and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mixedwoods forests occur in temperate forests around the world, providing unique ecological, economic, and cultural benefits, but there are key knowledge gaps on their natural dynamics and development pathways. In northeastern North America, records and studies show that red spruce was once a common component of northern hardwoods in this region; however, historic selective harvesting has greatly reduced the preponderance of these mixedwood ecosystems. Given the narrow regeneration niche of red spruce and the various anthropogenic and natural disturbances that have reduced this species, significant challenges exist to the restoration of red spruce-northern hardwoods mixedwoods. To address this challenge, our study characterized the structure and composition of two old-growth mixedwoods stands, Township 40 of Adirondack Park in New York and the Bowl Natural Area of White Mountain National Forest in New Hampshire.We used dendroecological data from large, stem-mapped plots to reconstruct the natural disturbance pathways of these forests to inform techniques for restoring and sustaining red spruce-northern hardwood forests into the future. At Township 40, red spruce was the second most abundant species, occupied 58.1% of the dominant and codominant crown classes, and had an importance value (IV) of 22.5%. At the Bowl, red spruce was the most abundant species, occupied 81.4% of the dominant and codominant crown classes, and had an IV of 37.3%. Large trees (stems [greater than or equal to]50 cm DBH) made up 30-33% of the basal area at each site and were predominantly comprised of yellow birch and red spruce. Red spruce dominated the sapling layer (stems 2.54-9.9 cm DBH) at both sites. Snags (standing dead trees) and coarse woody material (CWM) were also abundant, with Township 40 having 237 snags/ha and average CWM volume of 94.5 m3/ha and the Bowl containing 110 snags/ha and average CWM volume of 99.1 m3/ha. There was no evidence of stand-replacing disturbance at either site. The mean decadal rate of canopy loss at both sites was 6.3% with decadal canopy loss
Author : Christian Wirth
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540927069
Total Pages : 518 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (49 download)
Download or read book Old-Growth Forests written by Christian Wirth and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-07 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many terms often used to describe old-growth forests imply that these forests are less vigorous, less productive and less stable than younger forests. But research in the last two decades has yielded results that challenge the view of old-growth forests being in decline. Given the importance of forests in battling climate change and the fact that old-growth forests are shrinking at a rate of 0.5% per year, these new results have come not a moment too soon. This book is the first ever to focus on the ecosystem functioning of old-growth forests. It is an exhaustive compendium of information that contains original work conducted by the authors. In addition, it is truly global in scope as it studies boreal forests in Canada, temperate old-growth forests in Europe and the Americas, and global tropical forests. Written in part to affect future policy, this eminently readable book is as useful for the scientist and student as it is for the politician and politically-interested layman.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 530 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book General Technical Report NC. written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mary B. Adams
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461229065
Total Pages : 427 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)
Download or read book Ecology and Decline of Red Spruce in the Eastern United States written by Mary B. Adams and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early 1980s there were several published reports of recent, unexplained increases in mortality of red spruce in the Adirondack Mountains and the northern Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States. These reports coincided with documentation of reductions in radial growth of several species of pine in the southeastern United States, and with the severe, rapid, and widespread decline of Norway spruce, silver fir, and some hardwoods in central Europe. In all of these instances, atmospheric deposition was hypothesized as the cause of the decline. (Throughout this volume, we use the term "decline" to refer to a loosely synchronized regional-scale deterioration of tree health which is brought about by a combination of stress factors. These may be biotic or abiotic in nature, and the combinations may differ from site to site. ) Heated public debate about the causes and possible cures for these forest declines ensued. Through the course of this debate, it became clear that information about forest health and air pollution effects on forests was inadequate to meet policymakers' needs. Ecology and Decline of Red Spruce in the Eastern United States addresses that gap for eastern spruce fir forests and represents the culmination of a great deal of research conducted in recent years. The focus is on red spruce because the decline of red spruce was both dramatic and inexplicable and because of the great amount of information gathered on red spruce.
Author : C. Wayne Martin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Distribution of tree species in an undisturbed northern hardwood-spruce fir forest, The Bowl, N.H. written by C. Wayne Martin and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 940 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)
Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 940 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1732 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 1732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : John Alden
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1489916008
Total Pages : 565 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)
Download or read book Forest Development in Cold Climates written by John Alden and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As forests decline in temperate and tropical climates, highly-developed countries and those striving for greater economic and social benefits are beginning to utilize marginal forests of high-latitude and mountainous regions for resources to satisfy human needs. The benefits of marginal forests range from purely aesthetic to providing resources for producing many goods and services demanded by a growing world population. Increased demands for forest resources and amenities and recent warming of high latitude climates have generated interest in reforestation and afforestation of marginal habitats in cold regions. Afforestation of treeless landscapes improves the environment for human habitation and provides for land use and economic prosperity. Trees are frequently planted in cold climates to rehabilitate denuded sites, for the amenity of homes and villages, and for wind shelter, recreation, agroforestry, and industrial uses. In addition, forests in cold climates reduce the albedo of the earth's surface in winter, and in summer they are small but significant long-lived sinks for atmospheric carbon dioxide. Finally, growth and reproductive success of forests at their geographic limits are sensitive indices of climatic change. As efforts to adapt forests to cold climates increase, however, new afforestation problems arise and old ones intensify. Austral, northern, and altitudinal tree limits are determined by many different factors. Current hypotheses for high-latitude tree limits are based on low growing-season temperatures that inhibit plant development and reproduction.
Author :
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 498 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (4 download)
Download or read book Research Paper NC. written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Julia LeMense
Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
ISBN 13 : 1409496406
Total Pages : 577 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (94 download)
Download or read book Mountain Resorts written by Julia LeMense and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2013-02-28 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mountain Resorts analyzes whether the law protects the ecological systems of mountains from the adverse impacts associated with resorts, examining how it might better recognize the value of the mountain ecosystem.
Author : D.C. Glenn-Lewin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780412269004
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (69 download)
Download or read book Plant Succession written by D.C. Glenn-Lewin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1992-11-30 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Succession' is the term used to describe the phenomenon of changes in vegetational types in both time and space. The subject of the colonization and exploitation of 'new' areas by plants is a key one in ecology and this book summarizes the theoretical arguments currently raging about the topic.
