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Strengthening Existing Continuous Non Composite Steel Girder Bridges Using Post Installed Shear Connectors
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Book Synopsis Strengthening Existing Continuous Non-composite Steel Girder Bridges Using Post-installed Shear Connectors by : Kerry Kreitman
Download or read book Strengthening Existing Continuous Non-composite Steel Girder Bridges Using Post-installed Shear Connectors written by Kerry Kreitman and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Strengthening Continuous Steel Girder Bridges with Post-installed Shear Connectors and Inelastic Moment Redistribution by : Kerry Kreitman
Download or read book Strengthening Continuous Steel Girder Bridges with Post-installed Shear Connectors and Inelastic Moment Redistribution written by Kerry Kreitman and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many continuous steel bridges constructed prior to the 1970s have floor systems consisting of a non-composite concrete deck over steel beams with no shear connectors. While many of these bridges are still in good condition, the structures may not satisfy current load requirements and thus may need to be strengthened or replaced to avoid load-posting and to maintain structural safety. One potentially economical method of extending the service life of such bridges is to post-install adhesive anchor shear connectors to create composite action between the existing steel beams and concrete deck. This is efficient in regions dominated by positive flexural demands where the concrete deck is in compression. Inelastic moment redistribution away from the interior pier sections can be considered to address strength deficiencies in these regions, which are dominated by negative flexural demands. This dissertation explores this method of strengthening continuous non-composite steel girder bridges. Of particular interest is the “shakedown” behavior of partially composite strengthened girders under large repeated loads requiring moment redistribution. These concepts are commonly referred to as “autostress” design. After conducting preliminary studies on the feasibility of this strengthening method for typical bridges in the state of Texas, an extensive large-scale experimental program was conducted in conjunction with finite element modeling. The results of the testing and modeling are discussed in detail. Design recommendations and a design example are also provided.
Book Synopsis Strengthening Existing Non-composite Steel Bridge Girders Using Post-installed Shear Connectors by :
Download or read book Strengthening Existing Non-composite Steel Bridge Girders Using Post-installed Shear Connectors written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Strengthening of Noncomposite Steel Girder Bridges with Post-installed Shear Connectors by : Hemal Vinod Patel
Download or read book Strengthening of Noncomposite Steel Girder Bridges with Post-installed Shear Connectors written by Hemal Vinod Patel and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes part of the work associated with Project 0-6719 sponsored by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT). The primary objective of the project is to examine the feasibility of strengthening older continuous multi-span steel girder bridges through the use of post-installed shear connectors. Bridges potentially eligible for retrofit have noncomposite floor systems, where the concrete slab is not attached to the steel girders with shear connectors. Many of these bridges were designed in the 1950's and 1960's for loads smaller than the standard design loads used today. A secondary objective of the project, and the main focus of this thesis, is to examine the design of post-installed shear connectors for fatigue. Of particular interest in this study is the adhesive anchor, given its convenient installation procedure but relatively poor fatigue performance in previous tests. The objectives of this thesis were to quantify the fatigue strength of the adhesive anchor, as well as quantify the shear force and slip demands on adhesive anchors in realistic bridge conditions. In regards to the first objective, twenty-six direct shear fatigue tests were performed on adhesive anchors. Each test was conducted on a single adhesive anchor in order to capture its individual cyclic load-slip behavior. Results indicate that adhesive anchors have considerably higher fatigue strength than conventional welded shear studs, making partial composite design feasible in the strengthening of older steel bridges. In regards to the second objective, analytical and computational studies were conducted on composite beams with adhesive anchors. Results show that the shear force and slip demands are typically smaller than the endurance limits determined from direct-shear testing. This suggests that fatigue failure of adhesive anchors under service loads may not be a primary concern. Based on the results, preliminary recommendations for the design of adhesive anchors for fatigue are provided.
Book Synopsis Strengthening Existing Steel Bridge Girders by the Use of Post-installed Shear Connectors by : Gun Up Kwon
Download or read book Strengthening Existing Steel Bridge Girders by the Use of Post-installed Shear Connectors written by Gun Up Kwon and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A number of older bridges built before the 1970's were constructed with floor systems consisting of a non-composite concrete slab over steel girders. Many of these bridges do not satisfy current load requirements and may require replacement or strengthening. A potentially economical means of strengthening these floor systems is to connect the existing concrete slab and steel girders to permit the development of composite action. This dissertation describes a research program investigating methods to develop composite action in existing non-composite floor systems by the use of postinstalled shear connectors. Three types of post-installed shear connection methods were investigated. These methods are referred to as the double-nut bolt, the high tension friction grip bolt, and the adhesive anchor. These post-installed shear connectors were tested under static and fatigue loading, and design equations for ultimate strength and fatigue strength were developed. These post-installed shear connectors showed significantly higher fatigue strength than conventional welded shear studs widely used for new construction. The superior fatigue strength of these post-installed shear connectors enables strengthening of existing bridge girders using partial composite design, thereby requiring significantly fewer shear connectors than possible with conventional welded shear studs. Five full-scale non-composite beams were constructed and four of these were retrofitted with post-installed shear connectors and tested under static load. The retrofitted composite beams were designed as partially composite with a 30-percent shear connection ratio. A non-composite beam was also tested as a baseline specimen. Test results of the full-scale composite beams showed that the strength and stiffness of existing non-composite bridge girders can be increased significantly. Further, excellent ductility of the strengthened partially composite girders was achieved by placing the postinstalled shear connectors near zero moment regions to reduce slip at the steel-concrete interface. Parametric studies using the finite element program ABAQUS were also conducted to investigate the effects of beam depth, span length, and shear connection ratio on the system behavior of strengthened partially composite beams. The studies showed that current simplified design approaches commonly used for partially composite beams in buildings provide good predictions of the strength and stiffness of partially composite bridge girders constructed using post-installed shear connectors.
Book Synopsis Fatigue Behavior of Post-installed Shear Connectors Used to Strengthen Continuous Non-composite Steel Bridge Girders by : Amir Reza Ghiami Azad
Download or read book Fatigue Behavior of Post-installed Shear Connectors Used to Strengthen Continuous Non-composite Steel Bridge Girders written by Amir Reza Ghiami Azad and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many older bridges in Texas are constructed with floor systems consisting of a concrete slab over steel girders. A potentially economical means of strengthening these floor systems is to connect the existing concrete slab and steel girders using post-installed shear connectors to change the behavior of the beam from non-composite to partially-composite. Since fatigue is one of the main concerns in designing bridges, investigating the fatigue properties of these post-installed shear connectors becomes crucial. Results from direct-shear testing show that post-installed shear connectors have a better fatigue life compared to conventional welded shear studs. However, based on currently available data from direct-shear tests, fatigue life of post-installed shear connectors is still inadequate for economical retrofit in some cases. Furthermore, it is unclear if direct-shear tests provide an appropriate means of evaluating fatigue performance. The objective of this dissertation is to develop new and more accurate approaches for evaluating the fatigue characteristics of post-installed shear connectors. This objective is addressed through large-scale beam fatigue tests and computational studies. The focus of the work is on evaluating fatigue life of shear connectors based on both slip and stress demands.
Book Synopsis 0-6719: Strengthening Continuous Steel Girders with Post-installed Shear Connectors by : Michael D. Engelhardt
Download or read book 0-6719: Strengthening Continuous Steel Girders with Post-installed Shear Connectors written by Michael D. Engelhardt and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Strengthening a Continuous Steel Girder Bridge in Lakeport, Texas with Post-installed Shear Connectors by : Kerry Kreitman
Download or read book Strengthening a Continuous Steel Girder Bridge in Lakeport, Texas with Post-installed Shear Connectors written by Kerry Kreitman and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Materials Science: Properties and Technologies II by : Jong Wan Hu
Download or read book Materials Science: Properties and Technologies II written by Jong Wan Hu and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2020-09-09 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selected peer-reviewed full text papers from the 4th Annual International Conference on Material Science and Engineering Technology (4th ICMSET 2020) Selected, peer-reviewed papers from the 4th Annual International Conference on Material Science and Engineering Technology (4th ICMSET 2020), March 20-22, 2020, Fukuoka, Japan
Book Synopsis Innovative Bridge Design Handbook by : Alessio Pipinato
Download or read book Innovative Bridge Design Handbook written by Alessio Pipinato and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2015-11-11 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As known, each bridge presents a unique set of design, construction, and maintenance challenges. The designer must determine the appropriate methods and level of refinement necessary to design and analyze each bridge on a case-by-case basis. The Innovative Bridge Design Handbook: Construction, Rehabilitation, and Maintenance encompasses the state of the art in bridge design, construction, maintenance, and safety assessment. Written by an international group of experts, this book provides innovative design approaches used in various parts of the world and explores concepts in design, construction, and maintenance that will reduce project costs and increase structural safety and durability. Furthermore, research and innovative solutions are described throughout chapters. The Innovative Bridge Design Handbook: Construction, Rehabilitation, and Maintenance brings together the specific knowledge of a bevy of experts and academics in bridge engineering in the areas of design, assessment, research, and construction. The handbook begins with an analysis of the history and development of bridge aesthetics and design; various types of loads including seismic and wind loads are then described, together with fatigue and fracture. Bridge design based on material such as reinforced concrete, prestressed reinforced concrete, steel and composite, timber, masonry bridges is analyzed and detailed according to international codes and standards. Then bridge design based on geometry, such as arch bridges, girders, cable stayed and suspension bridges, is illustrated. This is followed by a discussion of a number of special topics, including integral, movable, highway and railway bridges, together with seismic component devices, cables, orthotropic decks, foundations, and case studies. Finally, bridge construction equipment, bridge assessment retrofit and management, bridge monitoring, fiber-reinforced polymers to reinforce bridges, bridge collapse issues are covered. Loads including seismic and wind loads, fatigue and fracture, local effects Structural analysis including numerical methods (FEM), dynamics, risk and reliability, innovative structural typologies Bridge design based on material type: RC and PRC, steel and composite, timber and masonry bridges Bridge design based on geometry: arch bridges, girders, cable stayed and suspension bridges Special topics: integral, movable, highway, railway bridges, seismic component devices, cables, orthotropic decks, foundations Construction including construction case studies, construction equipment, bridge assessment, bridge management, retrofit and strengthening, monitoring procedures
Book Synopsis Implementation Project by : Gunup Kwon
Download or read book Implementation Project written by Gunup Kwon and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Composite Construction in Steel and Concrete VI by : Roberto T. Leon
Download or read book Composite Construction in Steel and Concrete VI written by Roberto T. Leon and published by Amer Society of Civil Engineers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the sixth International Conference on Composite Construction in Steel and Concrete held at the Devil s Thumb Ranch in Tabernash, Colorado, July 20 24, 2008. Sponsored by Engineering Conferences International; the Structural Engineering Institute of ASCE. This collection contains the 63 technical papers representing the state-of-the-art in composite construction worldwide. Topics include: composite bridges, composite slabs, shear connectors, composite columns, innovative composite structural systems, fire and seismic resistance of composite structural systems and practical applications. These papers will be valuable to structural engineers and allied professionals engaged in construction with steel and concrete composites.
Book Synopsis Developments in Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites for Civil Engineering by : Nasim Uddin
Download or read book Developments in Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites for Civil Engineering written by Nasim Uddin and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-05-15 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite materials has had a dramatic impact on civil engineering techniques over the past three decades. FRPs are an ideal material for structural applications where high strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratios are required. Developments in fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for civil engineering outlines the latest developments in fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites and their applications in civil engineering. Part one outlines the general developments of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) use, reviewing recent advancements in the design and processing techniques of composite materials. Part two outlines particular types of fiber-reinforced polymers and covers their use in a wide range of civil engineering and structural applications, including their use in disaster-resistant buildings, strengthening steel structures and bridge superstructures. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Developments in fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for civil engineering is an essential text for researchers and engineers in the field of civil engineering and industries such as bridge and building construction. Outlines the latest developments in fiber-reinforced polymer composites and their applications in civil engineering Reviews recent advancements in the design and processing techniques of composite materials Covers the use of particular types of fiber-reinforced polymers in a wide range of civil engineering and structural applications
Book Synopsis Design of Shear Connectors for Precast Concrete Decks in Concrete Girder Bridges by : Afshin Hatami
Download or read book Design of Shear Connectors for Precast Concrete Decks in Concrete Girder Bridges written by Afshin Hatami and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Full-depth precast concrete deck systems have several advantages over traditional cast-in-place concrete decks. Higher concrete quality, accelerated construction, and reduced life-cycle cost are the main advantages. Full-depth precast concrete deck systems can be designed as composite or non-composite systems with the supporting girders. Composite systems are commonly used due to their superior structural performance and cost effectiveness. These systems require the use of shear connectors between the precast concrete deck panels and the supporting girders to transfer interface shear and achieve composite action. The use of discrete clustered shear connectors is highly preferred in order to simplify panel and girder fabrication and improve system constructability. However, existing code provisions for the design of shear connectors were developed for continuous small-diameter shear connectors and might not be adequate for the design of discrete clustered connectors especially when large diameter connectors are used.
Book Synopsis The Static and Fatigue Behaviour of Through-bolt Shear Connectors in Steel-precast Composite Bridge Girders by : Kyle Daniel Balkos
Download or read book The Static and Fatigue Behaviour of Through-bolt Shear Connectors in Steel-precast Composite Bridge Girders written by Kyle Daniel Balkos and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing demand for the rapid and economically efficient construction of bridges has encouraged engineers to employ the use of accelerated bridge construction through modular assembly. The replacement of vehicular bridges in highly populated areas using traditional construction methods typically results in significant social and economic impacts as a consequence of lengthy closures of these bridges during construction. Accelerated bridge construction through modular assembly offers an advantageous alternative, as it can drastically reduce the duration for which the bridge is out of service, therefore minimizing the corresponding impacts. Full-depth, precast concrete decks connected to steel girders using mechanical shear connectors is one form of accelerated bridge construction where the major components can be fabricated off-site. Employing modular bridge components takes advantage of improved quality and efficient construction through prefabrication, resulting in easier and more rapid installation on-site. Currently, welded, headed shear studs are the most common type of shear connector used in composite bridge construction. An attractive alternative to this connection type is the use of slip-critical through-bolt shear connectors as they are expected to offer advantages with regards to their reduced installation and disassembly times, as well as their fatigue performance. Currently, relatively little is known about the true static load-slip and the fatigue behaviour of slip-critical through-bolt shear connectors in composite beams. Therefore, the following research project investigates the static and fatigue performance of these connectors. In order to do this, three large-scale composite beam specimens were fabricated, instrumented, and tested in an experimental program involving both static and fatigue loading. In order to better understand the static load-slip behaviour of this connector type, a mechanistic model was also developed, along with a nonlinear finite element (FE) model of a through-bolt connection. Results of the beam tests were compared with results from a previous study employing a simpler push test configuration, in order to understand the behaviour differences resulting from the choice of test configuration. Comparisons were also made between the experimental results and load-slip predictions made using the developed mechanistic and FE models. The fatigue testing did not result in the failure of any through-bolt shear connectors for the configurations considered in this experimental program. The fatigue performance of the through-bolt shear connectors far exceeded the predicted fatigue life obtained using the current fatigue design provisions for welded, headed shear studs. The static beam test and the push test resulted in similar peak shear loads prior to the onset of failure of the through-bolts. However, the slopes of the two load-slip curves were quite different, with the through-bolt shear connectors behaving in a much less stiff manner when tested in a beam test relative to a push test. Moreover, the slip required to produce a through-bolt failure is seen to be much higher in a beam test. The static load-slip behaviour of a through-bolt push test specimen was predicted using a mechanistic model. Comparison of the load-slip curves generated by the mechanistic model with the available push test results revealed that the mechanistic model is capable of accurately predicting the load-slip behaviour of through-bolt shear connectors. A comparison of the load-slip curves generated by the FE analysis revealed that the FE models are also able to predict the load-slip behaviour of through-bolt shear connectors. The findings in this study suggest that the performance of composite bridges, in terms of fatigue life, could be significantly improved if through-bolts were used in place of traditional headed shear studs. However, further experimental testing is recommended to fully develop this connection concept.
Book Synopsis Weldable Shear Connector for Glulam Decks on Existing Bridge Girders by : H. B. Manbeck
Download or read book Weldable Shear Connector for Glulam Decks on Existing Bridge Girders written by H. B. Manbeck and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bridge Design for Economy and Durability by : Brian Pritchard
Download or read book Bridge Design for Economy and Durability written by Brian Pritchard and published by Thomas Telford. This book was released on 1992 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes several bridging concepts, which were developed and successfully applied during the author's forty years of close involvement with UK and international bridge design, construction, maintenance and research. The concepts mainly apply to the small/medium span range of bridges and viaducts.
