Status Of School Desegregation

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Status of School Desegregation

Author : Gary Orfield
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Status of School Desegregation by : Gary Orfield

Download or read book Status of School Desegregation written by Gary Orfield and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report looks at the past two decades and the impact of the growth of Hispanic and Asian populations and how they are being affected by school segregation, desegregation, and resegregation. School segregation of Hispanics has increased dramatically during a period in which the nation's Hispanic enrollment has also soared. Segregation has also grown slowly and steadily for blacks in the inner cities that have been desegregated under policies that left the suburbs unchanged. Data demonstrate that Hispanics are now significantly more segregated than Blacks. In spite of increased segregation in some cities, statistics for blacks across the United States show that the widely expected increase of segregation during the Reagan years did not occur either on a national basis or in the South where most blacks live. Reagan administration policies had no overall effect on the integration of southern black students by 1988. Data in this report do not reflect the impact of recent and pending court decisions that may affect urban school desegregation. A modest increase in the nation's residential desegregation, driven by a large increase in Black and Hispanic suburbanization, has helped offset the resegregation caused by the continuing decline of white residents in central city school systems. Twenty years of data on the 17 states that enforced mandatory segregation until 1954 show that the school desegregation accomplishments of the 1960s and the early 1970s were neither fragile nor transient. Different forms of desegregation plans have different effects on the level and persistence of desegregation and on the ability of a school district to retain white enrollment. Data in this report show that county-wide desegregation plans that include both city and suburbs are more effective on both fronts. There is no evidence that the problem of school segregation will go away, however, and a new definition of segregation will probably be needed as racial composition and suburban desegregation change. An appendix presents trends in school segregation and a chart of extreme segregation. (Contains 21 tables.) (SLD)

Jim Crow Moves North

Author : Davison Douglas
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521607834
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Jim Crow Moves North by : Davison Douglas

Download or read book Jim Crow Moves North written by Davison Douglas and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-10-17 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most observers have assumed that school segregation in the United States was exclusively a southern phenomenon. In fact, many northern communities, until recently, engaged in explicit "southern style" school segregation whereby black children were assigned to "colored" schools and white children to white schools. Davison Douglas examines why so many northern communities did engage in school segregation (in violation of state laws that prohibited such segregation) and how northern blacks challenged this illegal activity. He analyzes the competing visions of black empowerment in the northern black community as reflected in the debate over school integration.

School Desegregation

Author : Walter Stephan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461591554
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis School Desegregation by : Walter Stephan

Download or read book School Desegregation written by Walter Stephan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Children of the Dream

Author : Rucker C. Johnson
Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 1541672690
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (416 download)

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Book Synopsis Children of the Dream by : Rucker C. Johnson

Download or read book Children of the Dream written by Rucker C. Johnson and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2019-04-16 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An acclaimed economist reveals that school integration efforts in the 1970s and 1980s were overwhelmingly successful -- and argues that we must renew our commitment to integration for the sake of all Americans We are frequently told that school integration was a social experiment doomed from the start. But as Rucker C. Johnson demonstrates in Children of the Dream, it was, in fact, a spectacular achievement. Drawing on longitudinal studies going back to the 1960s, he shows that students who attended integrated and well-funded schools were more successful in life than those who did not -- and this held true for children of all races. Yet as a society we have given up on integration. Since the high point of integration in 1988, we have regressed and segregation again prevails. Contending that integrated, well-funded schools are the primary engine of social mobility, Children of the Dream offers a radical new take on social policy. It is essential reading in our divided times.

After Brown

Author : Charles T. Clotfelter
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 140084133X
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis After Brown by : Charles T. Clotfelter

Download or read book After Brown written by Charles T. Clotfelter and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-16 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States Supreme Court's 1954 landmark decision, Brown v. Board of Education, set into motion a process of desegregation that would eventually transform American public schools. This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of how Brown's most visible effect--contact between students of different racial groups--has changed over the fifty years since the decision. Using both published and unpublished data on school enrollments from across the country, Charles Clotfelter uses measures of interracial contact, racial isolation, and segregation to chronicle the changes. He goes beyond previous studies by drawing on heretofore unanalyzed enrollment data covering the first decade after Brown, calculating segregation for metropolitan areas rather than just school districts, accounting for private schools, presenting recent information on segregation within schools, and measuring segregation in college enrollment. Two main conclusions emerge. First, interracial contact in American schools and colleges increased markedly over the period, with the most dramatic changes occurring in the previously segregated South. Second, despite this change, four main factors prevented even larger increases: white reluctance to accept racially mixed schools, the multiplicity of options for avoiding such schools, the willingness of local officials to accommodate the wishes of reluctant whites, and the eventual loss of will on the part of those who had been the strongest protagonists in the push for desegregation. Thus decreases in segregation within districts were partially offset by growing disparities between districts and by selected increases in private school enrollment.

The Growth of Segregation in American Schools

Author : Gary Orfield
Publisher : National School Boards Association
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Growth of Segregation in American Schools by : Gary Orfield

Download or read book The Growth of Segregation in American Schools written by Gary Orfield and published by National School Boards Association. This book was released on 1993 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study shows where school segregation is concentrated and where schools remain highly integrated. It offers the first national comparison of segregation by community size and reveals that segregation remains high in big cities and serious in mid-size central cities. Many African-American and Latino students also attend segregated schools in the suburbs of the largest metropolitan areas, while rural areas and small towns, small metropolitan areas, and the suburbs of the mid-size metro areas are far more integrated. States with more fragmented district structures tend to have higher levels of segregation, particularly in states having relatively small proportions of minority students who are concentrated in a few districts. Based on these and other study findings, the country and its schools are perceived as going through vast changes without any strategy. It appears that the civil rights impulse from the 1960s is dead and racial segregation is reemerging. This report recommends policies to school districts, state government, and federal civil rights and education officials to foster integrated education and to make interracial schools function more effectively. It calls for: (1) resumption of the Civil Rights Division of the Justice Department; (2) restoration of federal aid for successful integration strategies; (3) basic research on the consequences of segregation by race, ethnicity and poverty; and (4) an examination of the ways in which multiracial education functions most effectively. (GLR)

Status of School Desegregation 1968-1986

Author : Gary Orfield
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Status of School Desegregation 1968-1986 by : Gary Orfield

Download or read book Status of School Desegregation 1968-1986 written by Gary Orfield and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

School Desegregation in Texas

Author : School Desegregation in Texas Policy Research Project
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis School Desegregation in Texas by : School Desegregation in Texas Policy Research Project

Download or read book School Desegregation in Texas written by School Desegregation in Texas Policy Research Project and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In "United States v. State of Texas," a federal judge in 1971 handed down a statewide desegregation order affecting over 1,000 Texas school districts, to be enforced by the Texas Education Agency (TEA). Chapter 1 of this evaluation of the order's implementation begins with the national background and local history of the case and then outlines the court order's directives on district boundary changes, extracurricular activities, faculty and staff, curriculum and compensatory education, complaints and grievances, notification, jurisdiction, and student transfers, transportation, and assignment. Chapter 2 discusses TEA's role in the implementation of the order, including enforcement of the order through TEA's Technical Assistance Division, enforcement procedures used, and implementation problems encountered. In chapter 3 the author uses statistical data, interviews, and site visits to 19 districts to assess the order's impact and effectiveness. He examines Texas school desegregation in the 1970s, districts with 66-percent-minority schools, administration of the order in the 19 districts, and district officials' attitudes toward TEA enforcement. Chapter 4 analyzes the order's effects and recommends improvements concerning implementation procedures, sanctions, and organizational structure. (RW)

School Resegregation

Author : John Charles Boger
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN 13 : 0807876771
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis School Resegregation by : John Charles Boger

Download or read book School Resegregation written by John Charles Boger and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2009-11-13 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Confronting a reality that many policy makers would prefer to ignore, contributors to this volume offer the latest information on the trend toward the racial and socioeconomic resegregation of southern schools. In the region that has achieved more widespread public school integration than any other since 1970, resegregation, combined with resource inequities and the current "accountability movement," is now bringing public education in the South to a critical crossroads. In thirteen essays, leading thinkers in the field of race and public education present not only the latest data and statistics on the trend toward resegregation but also legal and policy analysis of why these trends are accelerating, how they are harmful, and what can be done to counter them. What's at stake is the quality of education available to both white and nonwhite students, they argue. This volume will help educators, policy makers, and concerned citizens begin a much-needed dialogue about how America can best educate its increasingly multiethnic student population in the twenty-first century. Contributors: Karen E. Banks, Wake County Public School System, Raleigh, N.C. John Charles Boger, University of North Carolina School of Law Erwin Chemerinsky, Duke Law School Charles T. Clotfelter, Duke University Susan Leigh Flinspach, University of California, Santa Cruz Erica Frankenberg, Harvard Graduate School of Education Catherine E. Freeman, U.S. Department of Education Jay P. Heubert, Teachers College, Columbia University Jennifer Jellison Holme, University of California, Los Angeles Michal Kurlaender, Harvard Graduate School of Education Helen F. Ladd, Duke University Luis M. Laosa, Kingston, N.J. Jacinta S. Ma, U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission Roslyn Arlin Mickelson, University of North Carolina at Charlotte Gary Orfield, Harvard Graduate School of Education Gregory J. Palardy, University of Georgia john a. powell, Ohio State University Sean F. Reardon, Stanford University Russell W. Rumberger, University of California, Santa Barbara Benjamin Scafidi, Georgia State University David L. Sjoquist, Georgia State University Jacob L. Vigdor, Duke University Amy Stuart Wells, Teachers College, Columbia University John T. Yun, University of California, Santa Barbara

Desegregation of the Nation's Public Schools

Author : United States Commission on Civil Rights
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Desegregation of the Nation's Public Schools by : United States Commission on Civil Rights

Download or read book Desegregation of the Nation's Public Schools written by United States Commission on Civil Rights and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Becoming Less Separate? School Desegregation, Justice Department Enforcement, and the Pursuit of Unitary Status

Author : United State Civil Rights
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781482021257
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (212 download)

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Book Synopsis Becoming Less Separate? School Desegregation, Justice Department Enforcement, and the Pursuit of Unitary Status by : United State Civil Rights

Download or read book Becoming Less Separate? School Desegregation, Justice Department Enforcement, and the Pursuit of Unitary Status written by United State Civil Rights and published by . This book was released on 2013-01-19 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States Commission on Civil Rights transmits this report, Becoming Less Separate? School Desegregation, Justice Department Enforcement, and the Pursuit of Unitary Status, pursuant to Public Law 103-419. The purpose of the report is to examine what effect the increase in the number of schools obtaining unitary status has had on the racial balance of schools that were previously under court order. Specifically, the report examines whether levels of integration tend to erode as consent decrees are lifted. To that end, the Commission collected data as to the legal status of school districts in seven states: Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, and South Carolina. The Commission then analyzed this data to determine if obtaining unitary status was associated with greater levels of racial clustering or reduced integration within districts. In addition, the Commission examined the Educational Opportunities Section (EOS) of the Department of Justice, which is charged with the primary enforcement role in this area to determine what effect its policies and actions have had on the racial balance of school districts. The findings indicate that the increase in the number of jurisdictions obtaining unitary status has not had a negative effect on levels of integration. Moreover, the evidence indicates that the substantial number of districts that have obtained unitary status since 2000, at least partly through the actions of EOS, exhibit higher levels of integration than those districts that obtained such status in prior decades. The report also indicates that certain factors, unrelated to the legal status of a school district, have a more significant effect on levels of racial balance. Among these are the size of a district's student population, the percentage of white student enrollment, and the state in which the district is located. The Commission urges that these factors be further examined and that school districts and the communities of which they are a part take the steps necessary to address the vestiges of state based discrimination.

School Desegregation in Ten Communities

Author : United States Commission on Civil Rights
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis School Desegregation in Ten Communities by : United States Commission on Civil Rights

Download or read book School Desegregation in Ten Communities written by United States Commission on Civil Rights and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Commission on Civil Rights conducted its current study of ten school districts during the late fall and winter of the 1972-73 school year. The purpose of this study is to reexamine earlier findings and explore more deeply the dynamics of school desegregation and community reaction. In brief, the Commission found that one reason why many people are uneasy about desegregation is their fear that it will result in a poorer quality of education for their children. It is necessary to prepare carefully and sensitively for desegregation. The technical problems of achieving desegregation, such as determining the most appropriate desegregation technique and dealing with the problems incident to increased busing, have proven to be far less formidable than previously believed. Many school officials, in their concern to facilitate a successful transition to desegregation, have tended to consider the needs and desires of the white community alone, sometimes assuming that minority parents will welcome desegregation on almost any terms. The way in which school officials, civic leaders, and the news media respond to disruptive incidents can serve either to preserve an atmosphere of calm or heighten tension even more. There is a sharp contrast between the reaction of communities to their own experience in desegregation and their expressed feelings concerning desegregation as a general proposition. Finally, the effects of the controversy at the national level concerning busing and school desegregation have been felt in a number of communities visited by Commission staff. (Author/JM).

School Desegregation in the Twenty-first Century

Author : Brian L. Fife
Publisher : Edwin Mellen Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis School Desegregation in the Twenty-first Century by : Brian L. Fife

Download or read book School Desegregation in the Twenty-first Century written by Brian L. Fife and published by Edwin Mellen Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In-depth empirical examination of city versus metropolitan schools is a significant addition to the literature on desegregation policy.

Making the Unequal Metropolis

Author : Ansley T. Erickson
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022602525X
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (26 download)

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Book Synopsis Making the Unequal Metropolis by : Ansley T. Erickson

Download or read book Making the Unequal Metropolis written by Ansley T. Erickson and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2016-04 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: List of Oral History and Interview Participants -- Notes -- Index

Why Busing Failed

Author : Matthew F. Delmont
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520284259
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (22 download)

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Book Synopsis Why Busing Failed by : Matthew F. Delmont

Download or read book Why Busing Failed written by Matthew F. Delmont and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2016-03 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Busing, in which students were transported by school buses to achieve court-ordered or voluntary school desegregation, became one of the nation's most controversial civil rights issues in the decades after Brown v. Board of Education (1954). Examining battles over school desegregation in cities like Boston, Chicago, New York, and Pontiac, [this book posits that] school officials, politicians, courts, and the news media valued the desires of white parents more than the rights of black students, and how antibusing parents and politicians borrowed media strategies from the civil rights movement to thwart busing for school desegregation"--Provided by publisher.

School Desegregation, School Choice and Changes in Residential Location Patterns by Race

Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437985343
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis School Desegregation, School Choice and Changes in Residential Location Patterns by Race by :

Download or read book School Desegregation, School Choice and Changes in Residential Location Patterns by Race written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Forty Years After the Brown Decision

Author : Kofi Lomotey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Forty Years After the Brown Decision by : Kofi Lomotey

Download or read book Forty Years After the Brown Decision written by Kofi Lomotey and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is divided into two sections. The first is entitled The General Implications of Desegregation for U.S. Education, and the second is The Impact of Desegregation on Black Colleges. It contains 11 chapters discussing the social, educational, and cultural effects of desegregation.