Standard Test Method For Interfacial Tension Of Insulating Liquids Against Water By The Ring Method

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Biological Insulating Liquids

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Author : Ernst Peter Pagger
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031224604
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (312 download)

Book Synopsis Biological Insulating Liquids by : Ernst Peter Pagger

Download or read book Biological Insulating Liquids written by Ernst Peter Pagger and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-01 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the state-of-the-art use of biological insulating liquids in detail. In recent years, more and more transformers filled with esters have been put into operation. This is because people recognize the benefits of ester liquids in terms of their fire safety (high flash and fire points) and environmental characteristics, judging from their biodegradability, their low CO2 footprint (only valid for natural ester) and their beneficial interactions with solid insulation, etc. One of the main reasons is that the water adsorption and absorption characteristics of these liquids are excellent and very different compared to mineral oil. The today’s discussion about climate change and global warming is an additional driver for using natural ester. Another advantage is that transformers filled with biological insulating liquids can operate with an overload of up to 150%. This is advantageous in the case of volatile energy generation from wind and solar power and in the supply of electrical energy for electromobility. Liquid inside electrical equipment is the lifeblood that serves both as a dielectric and a cooling medium. Some properties of these liquids differ from mineral oil, which had to be considered in the transformer design. The dielectric liquid is always in direct contact with transformer materials; therefore, the interaction should be very well understood, especially when retrofilling an existing mineral oil filled device. There are several natural ester fluids derived from various seeds and fruits on the market, and their properties may differ more or less. In the book, the most important properties of the different biological insulating fluids and mineral oil are compared. Ester fluids have already found their way into various standards. The condition of the device can be verified very well from the contents of the insulating liquids. For analysis and testing, the same equipment and devices that are commonly used for mineral oil are used for ester liquid. The chemical and physical behaviors of ester fluids compared to mineral oil are different. This must always be considered when interpreting test results stemming from ester fluids. The book is a guideline for students, original equipment manufacturers, users, laboratories and authorities in the use of biological insulating liquids.

Electrical Insulating Liquids

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Author :
Publisher : ASTM International
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 469 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

Book Synopsis Electrical Insulating Liquids by :

Download or read book Electrical Insulating Liquids written by and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1994 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

ASTM Standards on Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases

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Author : American Society for Testing Materials. Committee D-27 on Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

Book Synopsis ASTM Standards on Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases by : American Society for Testing Materials. Committee D-27 on Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases

Download or read book ASTM Standards on Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases written by American Society for Testing Materials. Committee D-27 on Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Index of Specifications and Standards

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 810 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

Book Synopsis Index of Specifications and Standards by :

Download or read book Index of Specifications and Standards written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Alternative Liquid Dielectrics for High Voltage Transformer Insulation Systems

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Author : U. Mohan Rao
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119800161
Total Pages : 387 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (198 download)

Book Synopsis Alternative Liquid Dielectrics for High Voltage Transformer Insulation Systems by : U. Mohan Rao

Download or read book Alternative Liquid Dielectrics for High Voltage Transformer Insulation Systems written by U. Mohan Rao and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-12-21 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive reference and guide on the usage of the alternative dielectric fluids for transformer insulation systems Liquid-filled transformers are one of the most important and expensive components involved in the transmission and distribution of power to industrial and domestic loads. Although petroleum-based insulating oils have been used in transformers for decades, recent environmental concerns, health and safety considerations, and various technical factors have increased the need for new alternative and biodegradable liquids. Alternative Liquid Dielectrics for High Voltage Transformer Insulation Systems is an up-to-date reference and guide on natural and synthetic ester-based biodegradable insulating liquids. Covering the operational behavior, performance analysis, and maintenance of transformers filled with biodegradable insulating liquids, this comprehensive resource helps researchers and utility engineers expand their knowledge of the benefits, challenges, and application of ester-filled transformers. In-depth chapters written by experienced researchers addresses critical topics including transformer condition monitoring, high voltage insulation testing, biodegradable insulating material processing and evaluation, and more. A unique and significant contribution to existing literature on the subject, this authoritative volume: • Covers condition monitoring, diagnostic testing, applications, maintenance, and in-service experiences • Explores current challenges and future prospects of ester-filled transformers • Discusses significant research progress and identifies the topics in need of further emphasis • Compares the differences and similarities between mineral oils and ester liquids • Includes in-depth behavioral observations and performance analysis of ester-based insulating liquids Alternative Liquid Dielectrics for High Voltage Transformer Insulation Systems: Performance Analysis and Applications is a must-have reference for utility engineers, electrical power utilities, transformer owners, manufacturers, and researchers.

Handbook of Petroleum Product Analysis

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Author : James G. Speight
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118986342
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (189 download)

Book Synopsis Handbook of Petroleum Product Analysis by : James G. Speight

Download or read book Handbook of Petroleum Product Analysis written by James G. Speight and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-02 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces the reader to the production of the products in a refinery • Introduces the reader to the types of test methods applied to petroleum products, including the need for specifications • Provides detailed explanations for accurately analyzing and characterizing modern petroleum products • Rewritten to include new and evolving test methods • Updates on the evolving test methods and new test methods as well as the various environmental regulations are presented

Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants

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Author : Leslie R. Rudnick
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351655736
Total Pages : 1855 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)

Book Synopsis Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants by : Leslie R. Rudnick

Download or read book Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants written by Leslie R. Rudnick and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 1855 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlighting the major economic and industrial changes in the lubrication industry since the first edition, Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants: Chemistry and Technology, Third Edition highlights the major economic and industrial changes in the lubrication industry and outlines the state of the art in each major lubricant application area. Chapters cover the use of lubricant fluids, growth or decline of market areas and applications, potential new applications, production capacities, and regulatory issues, including biodegradability, toxicity, and food production equipment lubrication. The highly-anticipated third edition features new and updated chapters including those on automatic and continuously variable transmission fluids, fluids for food-grade applications, oil-soluble polyalkylene glycols, functional bio-based lubricant base stocks, farnesene-derived polyolefins, estolides, bio-based lubricants from soybean oil, and trends in construction equipment lubrication. Features include: Contains an index of terms, acronyms, and analytical testing methods. Presents the latest conventions for describing upgraded mineral oil base fluids. Considers all the major lubrication areas: engine oils, industrial lubricants, food-grade applications, greases, and space-age applications Includes individual chapters on lubricant applications—such as environmentally friendly, disk drive, and magnetizable fluids—for major market areas around the globe. In a single, unique volume, Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants: Chemistry and Technology, Third Edition offers property and performance information of fluids, theoretical and practical background to their current applications, and strong indicators for global market trends that will influence the industry for years to come.

Handbook of Petroleum Refining

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Author : James G. Speight
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466591617
Total Pages : 790 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

Book Synopsis Handbook of Petroleum Refining by : James G. Speight

Download or read book Handbook of Petroleum Refining written by James G. Speight and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-10-26 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petroleum refining involves refining crude petroleum as well as producing raw materials for the petrochemical industry. This book covers current refinery processes and process-types that are likely to come on-stream during the next three to five decades. The book includes (1) comparisons of conventional feedstocks with heavy oil, tar sand bitumen, and bio-feedstocks; (2) properties and refinability of the various feedstocks; (3) thermal processes versus hydroprocesses; and (4) the influence of refining on the environment.

Department Of Defense Index of Specifications and Standards Numerical Listing Part II November 2005

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Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 142898349X
Total Pages : 808 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)

Book Synopsis Department Of Defense Index of Specifications and Standards Numerical Listing Part II November 2005 by :

Download or read book Department Of Defense Index of Specifications and Standards Numerical Listing Part II November 2005 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

ASTM Standards on Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases, with Related Information

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Author : ASTM Committee D-27 on Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 530 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

Book Synopsis ASTM Standards on Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases, with Related Information by : ASTM Committee D-27 on Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases

Download or read book ASTM Standards on Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases, with Related Information written by ASTM Committee D-27 on Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

IEEE Guide for Diagnostics and Failure Investigation of Power Circuit Breakers

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Author : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781559377133
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (771 download)

Book Synopsis IEEE Guide for Diagnostics and Failure Investigation of Power Circuit Breakers by : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

Download or read book IEEE Guide for Diagnostics and Failure Investigation of Power Circuit Breakers written by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Procedures to be used to perform failure investigations of power circuit breaders are recommended. Although the procedure may be used for any circuit breaker, it is mainly focused on high-voltage ac power circuit breakers used on utility systems. Recommendations are also made for monitoring circuit breaker functions as a means of diagnosing their suitability for service condition.

Handbook of Heavy Oil Properties and Analysis

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Author : James G. Speight
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119577152
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (195 download)

Book Synopsis Handbook of Heavy Oil Properties and Analysis by : James G. Speight

Download or read book Handbook of Heavy Oil Properties and Analysis written by James G. Speight and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-06-07 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Heavy Oil Properties and Analysis Understand the future of oil production with this comprehensive guide Heavy oil, also known as viscous oil, is oil too viscous to flow normally from wells and reservoirs. In recent decades it has become increasingly important as a source of liquid oil for use in industrial processes. This places all the greater importance on proper analysis of heavy oil and its properties, so that it can be more effectively refined and deployed to meet ever-growing energy needs. Handbook of Heavy Oil Properties and Analysis provides a comprehensive introduction to the analysis of viscous oil and its properties. It discusses the full range of tests and analytical procedures by which the behavior and refinability of viscous oil samples can be predicted and connects theoretical knowledge to refinery practice throughout. Additionally, its incorporation of the latest environmental regulations makes it an invaluable resource. Readers will also find: Detailed coverage of both physical properties and chemical composition of heavy oil An author more than fifty years of experience in the process industries Discussion of new methods for determining instability and incompatibility This book is a useful reference for scientists and engineers in the oil refining industries, chemists and researchers in heavy oil and adjacent industries, and government officials and regulators.

Annual Book of ASTM Standards

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Author : ASTM International
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 598 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

Book Synopsis Annual Book of ASTM Standards by : ASTM International

Download or read book Annual Book of ASTM Standards written by ASTM International and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Equipment Conditioning Monitoring and Techniques

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Author : Alexander Arnfinn Olsen
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031577817
Total Pages : 165 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (315 download)

Book Synopsis Equipment Conditioning Monitoring and Techniques by : Alexander Arnfinn Olsen

Download or read book Equipment Conditioning Monitoring and Techniques written by Alexander Arnfinn Olsen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Environmentally Friendly and Biobased Lubricants

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Author : Brajendra K. Sharma
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1315355892
Total Pages : 644 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (153 download)

Book Synopsis Environmentally Friendly and Biobased Lubricants by : Brajendra K. Sharma

Download or read book Environmentally Friendly and Biobased Lubricants written by Brajendra K. Sharma and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-09-19 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Comprehensive Review of Developing Environmentally Friendly Lubricants A push from environmentally savvy consumers along with recent changes in governmental regulations have paved the way for a marketplace of products with high levels of environmental performance. Fueled by the growing demand for biobased lubricants, Environmentally Friendly and Biobased Lubricants highlights the development of environmentally friendly additives that are compatible with environmental regulations and describes the approaches being used in this emerging area. Derived from research topics shared over the years at various technical sessions of the Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers (STLE) Annual Meetings, the book includes a critical assessment of gaps and weaknesses in the field of environmentally friendly fluids and biobased lubricants. Each chapter is written by authors selected from the environmentally friendly fluids and biobased lubricants sessions of STLE and also incorporates input from prominent researchers invited to take part in the book. Expert contributors discuss the control, production, usage, and disposal of lubricants; factor in related policies, laws, and regulations around the world; and include case studies demonstrating the uses and values of commercially viable biobased lubricants. The book is divided into five sections that cover advanced environmentally friendly base oils and feedstocks, biobased hydraulic lubricants and biodegradability, chemically/enzymatically modified environmentally friendly base oils, vegetable oil–based environmentally friendly fluids, and additives for environmentally friendly fluids.

An Index of U.S. Voluntary Engineering Standards

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Author : William J. Slattery
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1016 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

Book Synopsis An Index of U.S. Voluntary Engineering Standards by : William J. Slattery

Download or read book An Index of U.S. Voluntary Engineering Standards written by William J. Slattery and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 1016 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

An Index of U.S. Voluntary Engineering Standards

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Author : United States. National Bureau of Standards
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1038 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

Book Synopsis An Index of U.S. Voluntary Engineering Standards by : United States. National Bureau of Standards

Download or read book An Index of U.S. Voluntary Engineering Standards written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 1038 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: