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Stable Water Isotopes To Characterize Relationship Between Glacier Melt And Alpine Karst Aquifer Dynamics
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Book Synopsis Stable Water Isotopes to Characterize Relationship Between Glacier Melt and Alpine Karst Aquifer Dynamics by : Vivian Gremaud
Download or read book Stable Water Isotopes to Characterize Relationship Between Glacier Melt and Alpine Karst Aquifer Dynamics written by Vivian Gremaud and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterizing Groundwater Flow Dynamics and Storage Capacity in an Active Rock Glacier by : Simon Seelig
Download or read book Characterizing Groundwater Flow Dynamics and Storage Capacity in an Active Rock Glacier written by Simon Seelig and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-03-07 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alpine aquifers play a critical role in the hydrology of mountainous areas by sustaining base flow in downstream rivers during dry periods and retarding flood propagation after heavy precipitation events. Progressing climate change alters climatic and meteorological boundary conditions as well as the hydraulic response of alpine catchments by ablating glaciers and thawing permafrost. Rock glaciers exert a controlling influence on the catchment response due to their prominent groundwater storage and complex drainage characteristics. This thesis investigates the hydrogeology and internal structure of the active rock glacier Innere Ölgrube (Ötztal Alps), which governs catchment runoff and is affected by permafrost degradation. A 3D geometrical model of its internal structure is obtained by combining geophysical data and permafrost creep modelling. Available data and new results are integrated into a conceptual hydrogeological model providing a sound basis for the implementation of a prospective numerical groundwater flow model. Hydraulic properties of the hydrostratigraphic units constituting the rock glacier are estimated and groundwater recharge fluxes quantified. Fundamental properties of the heterogeneous groundwater flow system within the rock glacier are discussed and compared to existing rock glacier studies.
Book Synopsis Stable Isotope Studies of the Water Cycle and Terrestrial Environments by : A-V. Bojar
Download or read book Stable Isotope Studies of the Water Cycle and Terrestrial Environments written by A-V. Bojar and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2021-11-09 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is devoted to Earth surface environmental reconstructions and environmental changes that may be deciphered and modelled using stable isotopes along with mineralogical/chemical, sedimentological, palaeontological/biological and climatological methodologies. The book is divided into two sections, both using stable isotopes (see www.geolsoc.org.uk/SP507) in various samples and phases as the main research tool. The first section is devoted to studies focusing on the distribution of isotopes in precipitation, groundwater, lakes, rivers, springs, tap water, mine water and their relationship with terrestrial environments at regional to continental scale. In relation to this, the second section includes case studies from a range of continental settings, investigating cave deposits (stalagmites, bat guano), animal skeletons (dinosaurs, alligators, turtles, bivalves), present and past soils (palaeosols) and limestones. The sections focus on the interaction between the surficial water cycle and underground water storage with deposits acting as archives of short- to long-term climatic and environmental changes. Examples from the Early Cretaceous to present time come from Europe, Asia, Africa, North and South America.
Book Synopsis Isotopes in the Water Cycle by : Pradeep K. Aggarwal
Download or read book Isotopes in the Water Cycle written by Pradeep K. Aggarwal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-16 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental isotope and nuclear techniques provide unmatched insights into the processes governing the water cycle and its variability. This monograph presents state of the art applications and new developments of isotopes in hydrology, environmental disciplines and climate change studies. Coverage ranges from the assessment of groundwater resources in terms of recharge and flow regime to studies of the past and present global environmental and climate changes.
Book Synopsis Isotope Hydrogeology and Geothermal Applications to Clarify the Origin, the Sustainability and the Character of Groundwater Flow by : Hana Jiráková
Download or read book Isotope Hydrogeology and Geothermal Applications to Clarify the Origin, the Sustainability and the Character of Groundwater Flow written by Hana Jiráková and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Isotopic investigations combined with geothermal applications represent powerful tools for the exploration of groundwater potential as a drinking or geothermal resource. This Ph.D. thesis combines both approaches, environmental and radioactive isotopes together with temperature data in deep aquifers, in order to enrich and update the knowledge concerning the aquifer recharge processes in the Aquitaine Basin (France) and the aquifer recharge processes and geothermal potential in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin (Czech Republic).Stable isotopes (18O, 2H, 13C) combined with radioisotope data (14C, 3H) are used to estimate the recharge timing and climatic conditions prevailing during the infiltration from the Late Pleistocene up to modern time. The character of groundwater recharge and regime are necessary to generate relevant source data for the accurate modelling of complex groundwater systems. Three groups of groundwater recharge types can be distinguished throughout Europe - (i) continuous recharge and (ii) interrupted recharge during Last Glacial Maximum and (iii) a group corresponding to particular recharge conditions.The contrasted geographic and climate conditions at both study sites in France and Czech Republic have entailed a great heterogeneity of the recharge conditions and processes. Southern France, with generally mild climatic conditions during the last 40 ka BP, did not experienced considerable hiatus in groundwater recharge. The residence time of groundwater in the Bohemian aquifers is estimated about 11 ka BP at the maximum but the depletion in the stable isotopes suggests that this groundwater originates in the melting of the north European ice sheets after the Last Glacial Maximum period, i.e. 18-20 ka BP. Further investigations on both stable and radioactive carbon isotopes indicated numerous groundwater interactions within the reservoir that were used to delineate the carbon origin within the Bohemian aquifers.Information on groundwater geochemistry was supplemented in the Czech case study by geothermal data in order to improve our knowledge of groundwater flow and dynamics. More than a hundred of temperature records from well-logging measurements were used to assess the geothermal gradient in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin which is the most promising heat accumulation within the country. Many phenomena can affect the thermal field in the region. Vertical groundwater flow and variations in the lithology and the topography lead to a complicated areal distribution of the geothermal gradient and the heat flux which is dominantly controlled by groundwater. Shallow tectonic structures and numerous volcanic rocks exercise an influence on groundwater flow and therefore exert a secondary effect on the thermal field. The geothermal investigation provided useful information on the geothermal resources within the region but also represents an important tool for understanding groundwater flow, and for constructing realistic hydrogeological models in such a complex geological, tectonic and geothermal context.
Book Synopsis Using Stable Isotopes to Characterize the Groundwater Recharge in the Sierra Nevada Foothills, California by : Nelson Ferney Bernal
Download or read book Using Stable Isotopes to Characterize the Groundwater Recharge in the Sierra Nevada Foothills, California written by Nelson Ferney Bernal and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Stable Isotopes as a Tool to Characterize Carbon Cycling and Develop Hydrologic Budgets in Mantled Karst Settings by : Katherine J. Knierim
Download or read book Stable Isotopes as a Tool to Characterize Carbon Cycling and Develop Hydrologic Budgets in Mantled Karst Settings written by Katherine J. Knierim and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Isotopes of water (delta2H/delta 18O), carbon dioxide (delta13C-CO2), and dissolved inorganic carbon (delta13C-DIC) were used to explore water quality, trace carbon cycling, and quantify recharge sources through mantled karst and into Blowing Spring Cave (BSC). Of the possible sources of contamination in the BSC recharge area, septic-tank effluent was hypothesized to degrade water quality at the spring outlet of BSC because of the dominance of septic tanks for waste treatment, unsuitable topography and soil for septic-tank absorption fields, increased nitrate and chloride concentrations concomitant with increased urbanization, and increased Escherichia coli with discharge. Carbon cycling between the soil and BSC was constrained by (1) mixing of gaseous soil CO2 and surface-atmosphere CO2 to produce cave-air CO2 concentrations and isotopic compositions, (2) kinetic degassing of cave drip-water, causing greater delta13 C-DIC values than expected during equilibrium carbon isotopic fractionation between CO2 and DIC, and (3) exchange of soil-gas CO2 with groundwater prior to entering the cave, providing evidence that cave-stream water was characterized by open-system conditions with regards to soil CO 2. This conceptual model of carbon cycling in BSC---where cave-air CO2 is partially sourced from soil CO2 and aqueous and gaseous carbon reservoirs within the cave are relatively decoupled---provides evidence that the majority of soil CO2 enters the cave as a gas. A three-component hydrograph separation was completed to quantify precipitation (QR), soil water (QS), and bedrock-matrix water (Q B) contributions to BSC during storm events. Antecedent moisture conditions changed throughout the sampling period because as rainfall and base-flow discharge increased, delta18O values of cave water increased, chloride concentration in soil and cave water decreased, and DIC in cave water decreased. Combined QS and QB accounted for 36 to 119% of total discharge during storm events, depending on time after the onset of precipitation and antecedent moisture conditions. QR was greatest during a wet-season storm and rapid dilution of major cations and anions occurred with increased discharge. In contrast, a dry-season storm had the lowest QR and anion concentration peaked with maximum QS. Even during extremely dry periods, pre-event water stored in the unsaturated zone can contribute to groundwater flow during storms.
Book Synopsis Glacier Science and Environmental Change by : Peter G. Knight
Download or read book Glacier Science and Environmental Change written by Peter G. Knight and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glacier Science and Environmental Change is an authoritative and comprehensive reference work on contemporary issues in glaciology. It explores the interface between glacier science and environmental change, in the past, present, and future. Written by the world’s foremost authorities in the subject and researchers at the scientific frontier where conventional wisdom of approach comes face to face with unsolved problems, this book provides: state-of-the-art reviews of the key topics in glaciology and related disciplines in environmental change cutting-edge case studies of the latest research an interdisciplinary synthesis of the issues that draw together the research efforts of glaciologists and scientists from other areas such as geologists, hydrologists, and climatologists color-plate section (with selected extra figures provided in color at www.blackwellpublishing.com/knight). The topics in this book have been carefully chosen to reflect current priorities in research, the interdisciplinary nature of the subject, and the developing relationship between glaciology and studies of environmental change. Glacier Science and Environmental Change is essential reading for advanced undergraduates, postgraduate research students, and professional researchers in glaciology, geology, geography, geophysics, climatology, and related disciplines.
Book Synopsis Tracers in Hydrology by : Norman E. Peters
Download or read book Tracers in Hydrology written by Norman E. Peters and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Application of Stable Isotopes, Delta11B, Delta18O, and DeltaD, in Geochemical and Hydrological Investigations by : Deborah L. Leslie
Download or read book The Application of Stable Isotopes, Delta11B, Delta18O, and DeltaD, in Geochemical and Hydrological Investigations written by Deborah L. Leslie and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: My dissertation research utilizes stable isotopes as tracers of water and solute sources to study specific geochemical (solute origin) and hydrological (glacier meltwater source across a season comparing water contributions from hyporheic zone and/or glacier melt and residence time of precipitation within a managed water supply) problems within McMurdo Dry Valleys (MCM), Antarctica, and Central Ohio, USA. In Chapter II, delta11B isotopic and dissolved B measurements are used to infer the origin of B within MCM aquatic system. Boron stable isotopic values span the range of +12.3% to +51.4%, varying from glacier meltwater streams to the hypolimnion of a highly evaporated hypersaline lake. These data demonstrate that the major sources of B are chemical weathering of alumniosilicates within the stream channels, and a marine source, either currently introduced by marine-derived aerosols or from ancient seawater. In-lake processes create a more positive delta11B through adsorption or mineral precipitation. The glacier meltwater streams, Lakes Fryxell, Hoare, and upper waters of Lake Joyce display a mixture of these two sources, with Lake Joyce bottom waters primarily of marine origin. Lakes Bonney and Vanda and Blood Falls brine are interpreted as having a marine-like source changed by in-lake processes to result in a more positive delta11B, while Don Juan Pond displays a more terrestrial influence. In Chapter III, delta18O and deltaD are used to trace water source variation via hyporheic zone or glacier melt within two MCM streams over an entire melt season. The isotopic variation of these streams was more negative at the beginning of the season and more positive later. D-excess measurements were used to infer mixing between hyporheic storage and glacier meltwater. It was supported that Von Guerard Stream has a large, widespread hyporheic zone that changes with time and discharge amounts. The chemistry of Andersen Creek also displayed hyporheic zone influence at certain times of the year. This work adds important new information on the role of hyperheic zone-stream interactions, and supports the short term, more physically based, descriptions of hyporheic dynamics explained in the past decade. Chapter IV describes water flow and travel time within a human managed watershed-reservoir system by measuring the delta18O and deltaD of the precipitation source to the reservoirs and finally to the distribution system, the tap. Generally, the tap waters experienced little lag time in the managed system, having a residence time of about two months. Tap and reservoir waters preserved the precipitation signal with the reservoir morphology acting as an important control. These water supply reservoirs functioned more like a river system with a faster throughput of water and larger variations in chemical parameters. Other water supply reservoirs have a greater capacity with a larger amount of water supply usage through a more lacustrine environment, which displays more constant solute concentrations and longer flow-through times. This work provides a basic understanding of a regional water supply system in central Ohio, reservoir isotopic dynamics, and Ohio precipitation sources.
Book Synopsis A stable isotope investigation of the Classical Karst aquifer: evaluating karst groundwater components for water quality preservation by : Daniel H. Doctor
Download or read book A stable isotope investigation of the Classical Karst aquifer: evaluating karst groundwater components for water quality preservation written by Daniel H. Doctor and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Climatic and Associated Cryospheric and Hydrospheric Changes on the Third Pole by : Lei Wang
Download or read book Climatic and Associated Cryospheric and Hydrospheric Changes on the Third Pole written by Lei Wang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-03-10 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Use of Water Stable Isotopes in Hydrological Process by : Polona Vreča
Download or read book Use of Water Stable Isotopes in Hydrological Process written by Polona Vreča and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Global Land Ice Measurements from Space by : Jeffrey S. Kargel
Download or read book Global Land Ice Measurements from Space written by Jeffrey S. Kargel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 936 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An international team of over 150 experts provide up-to-date satellite imaging and quantitative analysis of the state and dynamics of the glaciers around the world, and they provide an in-depth review of analysis methodologies. Includes an e-published supplement. Global Land Ice Measurements from Space - Satellite Multispectral Imaging of Glaciers (GLIMS book for short) is the leading state-of-the-art technical and interpretive presentation of satellite image data and analysis of the changing state of the world's glaciers. The book is the most definitive, comprehensive product of a global glacier remote sensing consortium, Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS, http://www.glims.org). With 33 chapters and a companion e-supplement, the world's foremost experts in satellite image analysis of glaciers analyze the current state and recent and possible future changes of glaciers across the globe and interpret these findings for policy planners. Climate change is with us for some time to come, and its impacts are being felt by the world's population. The GLIMS Book, to be released about the same time as the IPCC's 5th Assessment report on global climate warming, buttresses and adds rich details and authority to the global change community's understanding of climate change impacts on the cryosphere. This will be a definitive and technically complete reference for experts and students examining the responses of glaciers to climate change. World experts demonstrate that glaciers are changing in response to the ongoing climatic upheaval in addition to other factors that pertain to the circumstances of individual glaciers. The global mosaic of glacier changes is documented by quantitative analyses and are placed into a perspective of causative factors. Starting with a Foreword, Preface, and Introduction, the GLIMS book gives the rationale for and history of glacier monitoring and satellite data analysis. It includes a comprehensive set of six "how-to" methodology chapters, twenty-five chapters detailing regional glacier state and dynamical changes, and an in-depth summary and interpretation chapter placing the observed glacier changes into a global context of the coupled atmosphere-land-ocean system. An accompanying e-supplement will include oversize imagery and other other highly visual renderings of scientific data.
Book Synopsis Isotope Hydrology and Integrated Water Resources Management by : Pradeep Kumar Aggarwal
Download or read book Isotope Hydrology and Integrated Water Resources Management written by Pradeep Kumar Aggarwal and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains 174 extended abstracts of papers presented during 11 technical sessions of the 11th symposium in the series that was convened during 19-23 May 2003 in Vienna. Nearly 275 participants from 69 countries participated in the symposium to discuss the past, present and future of isotope applications in hydrology and climate research.
Book Synopsis Water, Cryosphere, and Climate Change in the Himalayas by : Ajay Kumar Taloor
Download or read book Water, Cryosphere, and Climate Change in the Himalayas written by Ajay Kumar Taloor and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-24 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book summarizes numerous research studies on remote sensing and GIS of natural resource management for the Himalaya region done by Indian Institutions and Universities over the last decade. It gives an overview of hydrometeorological studies on Himalayan water resources and addresses concerns in the development of water resources in this region, which is dealing with an increased pressure in population, industrialization and economic development. While the source of some of the major rivers of India are found in the Himalayas, the glaciers and water bodies in the region are continuously shrinking leading to a depletion of water and deterioration of water quality. This is affecting a population of up to 2.5 billion people. The ecosystems have been under threat due to deforestation, loss of biodiversity, expansion of agriculture and settlement, overexploitation of natural resources, habitat loss and fragmentation, poaching, mining, construction of roads and large dams, and unplanned tourism. Spaceborne remote sensing with its ability to provide synoptic and repetitive coverage has emerged as a powerful tool for assessment and monitoring of the Himalayan resources and phenomena. This work serves as a resource to students, researchers, scientists, professionals, and policy makers both in India and on a global level.
Book Synopsis Groundwater Hydrology of Springs by : Neven Kresic
Download or read book Groundwater Hydrology of Springs written by Neven Kresic and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2009-08-29 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundwater Hydrology of Water Resource Series - Water is an essential environmental resource and one that needs to be properly managed. As the world places more emphasis on sustainable water supplies, the demand for expertise in hydrology and water resources continues to increase. This series is intended for professional engineers, who seek a firm foundation in hydrology and an ability to apply this knowledge to solve problems in water resource management. Future books in the series are: Groudwater Hydrology of Springs (2009), Groudwater Hydrology of River Basins (2009), Groudwater Hydrology of Aquifers (2010), and Groudwater Hydrology of Wetlands (2010). First utilized as a primary source of drinking water in the ancient world, springs continue to supply many of the world's cities with water. In recent years their long-term sustainability is under pressure due to an increased demand from groundwater users. Edited by two world-renowned hydrologists, Groundwater Hydrology of Springs: Theory, Management, and Sustainability will provide civil and environmental engineers with a comprehensive reference for managing and sustaining the water quality of Springs. With contributions from experts from around the world, this book cover many of the world's largest springs, providing a unique global perspective on how engineers around the world are utilizing engineering principles for coping with problems such as: mismanagement, overexploitation and their impacts both water quantity and quality. The book will be divided into two parts: part one will explain the theory and principles of hydrology as they apply to Springs while part two will provide a rare look into the engineering practices used to manage some of the most important Springs from around the world. Description of the spring and the aquifer feeding it Latest groundwater and contaminant transport models Description of sources of aquifer use Understanding of contamination and/or possible contamination A plan for management and sustainability
