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Stable Isotopes In Paleoclimatology
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Book Synopsis Isotopes in Palaeoenvironmental Research by : Melanie J. Leng
Download or read book Isotopes in Palaeoenvironmental Research written by Melanie J. Leng and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-11-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thorough reference shows how stable isotopes can be applied to understanding the palaeoenvironment, with chapters on the interpretation of isotopes in water, tree rings, bones and teeth, lake sediments, speleothems and marine sediments. The book offers detailed advice on calibration, including a multi-proxy approach, using isotope signals from different materials or combined with other palaeoenvironmental techniques, to enhance the reliability of readings.
Book Synopsis Stable Isotopes in Paleoclimatology by : Jonathan Holmes
Download or read book Stable Isotopes in Paleoclimatology written by Jonathan Holmes and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2007 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text examines the application of stable isotopes in the reconstruction of past climatic conditions. With particular emphasis on the Quaternary, Stable Isotopes in Paleoclimatology, provides a comprehensive overview of isotope records in marine sediments, ice cores and continental archives, and examines how these may be interpreted. In addition to the in-depth analysis of individual paleoclimatic archives, this book includes chapters on the fundamentals of stable isotope geochemistry and factors controlling the distribution of stable isotopes in the modern environment. The book discusses the stable isotopes of hydrogen, boron, carbon, nitrogen and silicon. Stable Isotopes in Paleoclimatology is essential reading for advanced undergraduates and graduates in paleoenvironmental research, and will also be of value to teachers of undergraduate courses in environmental change who do not have a background in stable isotopes.
Book Synopsis Stable Isotopes in Oceanographic Studies and Paleotemperatures by : Ezio Tongiorgi
Download or read book Stable Isotopes in Oceanographic Studies and Paleotemperatures written by Ezio Tongiorgi and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient Environments by : Vivien Gornitz
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient Environments written by Vivien Gornitz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-10-31 with total page 1062 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of Springer’s Major Reference Works, this book gives the reader a truly global perspective. It is the first major reference work in its field. Paleoclimate topics covered in the encyclopedia give the reader the capability to place the observations of recent global warming in the context of longer-term natural climate fluctuations. Significant elements of the encyclopedia include recent developments in paleoclimate modeling, paleo-ocean circulation, as well as the influence of geological processes and biological feedbacks on global climate change. The encyclopedia gives the reader an entry point into the literature on these and many other groundbreaking topics.
Book Synopsis Stable Isotopes in Tree Rings by : Rolf T. W. Siegwolf
Download or read book Stable Isotopes in Tree Rings written by Rolf T. W. Siegwolf and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022 with total page 775 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access volume highlights how tree ring stable isotopes have been used to address a range of environmental issues from paleoclimatology to forest management, and anthropogenic impacts on forest growth. It will further evaluate weaknesses and strengths of isotope applications in tree rings. In contrast to older tree ring studies, which predominantly applied a pure statistical approach this book will focus on physiological mechanisms that influence isotopic signals and reflect environmental impacts. Focusing on connections between physiological responses and drivers of isotope variation will also clarify why environmental impacts are not linearly reflected in isotope ratios and tree ring widths. This volume will be of interest to any researcher and educator who uses tree rings (and other organic matter proxies) to reconstruct paleoclimate as well as to understand contemporary functional processes and anthropogenic influences on native ecosystems. The use of stable isotopes in biogeochemical studies has expanded greatly in recent years, making this volume a valuable resource to a growing and vibrant community of researchers.
Book Synopsis Evaluating Stable Isotope and Geochronologic Techniques for Paleoclimate Reconstruction by : Robin Brendan Trayler
Download or read book Evaluating Stable Isotope and Geochronologic Techniques for Paleoclimate Reconstruction written by Robin Brendan Trayler and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Stable isotope analysis has become the method of choice for many studies investigating the paleoecology and paleoclimate of fossil mammal faunas. While organic tissues (collagen, keratins, proteins) persist for less than 105 years highly mineralized tooth enamel is resistant to alteration and degradation and faithfully preserves its isotopic composition for millions (greater than than 106) years. Reconstructing past climates from these records relies on both understanding both micro-scale mechanisms of isotope incorporation into individual teeth, and macro-scale changes in isotope compositions over hundreds of thousands or millions of years. In this dissertation I address three questions. First, how does the geometry and timing of tooth enamel mineralization affect isotope compositions? Tooth enamel mineralization occurs in two stages with different geometries and proportions of chemical components. In chapter one I present oxygen isotope data and high-resolution major element compositional maps of forming tooth enamel to clarify the process of enamel mineralization. Oxygen isotope results show that enamel records the isotopic composition of only second stage mineralization. Given this, ideal enamel sampling strategies should follow the geometry of second stage mineralization. High resolution maps of calcium density for several teeth reveal that enamel mineralizes at a high angle relative to the underlying dentine, suggesting that existing techniques are appropriate. Second, how can geochronology and stratigraphic information be convolved to strengthen interpretations of paleoclimate proxy records? Many reconstructions of past climates rely on proxy records (e.g. pollen, isotope samples) distributed through a stratigraphic section. Interpreting these data in a global context relies on both the ability to determine the absolute age of some stratigraphic positions, and a model that describes the relationship between stratigraphic position and age, allowing the age of unknown positions to be determined. In chapter two I report new U-Pb ages for several volcanic tuffs from the Santa Cruz Formation of southern Argentina. U-Pb data commonly exhibit complexities which make existing age-depth models unsuitable. I modified an existing age-depth model to better account for variations in absolute age, relative age, and the complex age uncertainties that often arise from magmatic crystal populations. Finally, I present a case study from the Santa Cruz Formation, Argentina. Fossil rich sediments span the initiation of the mid-Miocene climatic optimum, the most recent period of greenhouse conditions in the Cenozoic. carbon isotope-based estimates of mean annual precipitation reveal a progressive aridification of Patagonia with precipitation decreasing prior to the mid-Miocene climatic optimum."--Boise State University ScholarWorks.
Book Synopsis Isotopic and Elemental Tracers of Cenozoic Climate Change by : Germán Mora
Download or read book Isotopic and Elemental Tracers of Cenozoic Climate Change written by Germán Mora and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stable Isotopes written by H. Griffiths and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2020-08-18 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this authoritative review, leading international researchers explore the growing range of applications of stable isotope techniques for probing and integrating biological processes and palaeoclimatic cycles. The interdisciplinary approach covers a wide range of issues, opportunities and developments, setting interactions with plants in the context of water and nutrient cycles, exchanges with the atmosphere and modelling past and present climate change. This important book will appeal to those requiring an overview of the use of stable isotopes in aquatic, terrestrial and climatic processes and is in tune with current global concerns. In addition postgraduates and research scientists will find an extensive guide to more specialist disciplines, including developing mass spectrometer technologies, compound-specific and cellular-discrimination processes or whole organism and ecosystem responses.
Book Synopsis Stable Isotopes in High Temperature Geological Processes by : John W. Valley
Download or read book Stable Isotopes in High Temperature Geological Processes written by John W. Valley and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 16 of Reviews in Mineralogy inroduces to high-temperature stable isotope geochemistry and should provide an entry into the pertinent literature, as well as some understanding of the basic concepts and potential applications. The first three chapters focus on the theory and experimental data base for equilibrium, disequilibrium, and kinetics of stable isotope exchange reactions among geologically important minerals and fluids. The fourth chapter discusses the primordial oxygen isotope variations in the solar system prior to formation of the Earth, along with a discussion of isotopic anomalies in meteorites. The fifth chapter discusses isotopic variations in the Earth's mantle and the sixth chapter reviews the variations in the isotopic compositions of natural waters on our planet. In Chapters 7, 8, 9 and 10, these isotopic constraints and concepts are applied to various facets of the origin and evolution of igneous rocks, bringing in much material on radiogenic isotopes as well, because these problems require a multi-dimensional attack for their solution. In Chapters 11 and 12, the problems of hydrothermal alteration by meteoric waters and ocean water are considered, together with discussions of the physics and chemistry of hydrothermal systems and the 18O/16O history of ocean water. Finally, in Chapters 13 and 14, these concepts are applied to problems of metamorphic petrology and ore deposits, particularly with respect to the origins of the fluids involved in those processes.
Book Synopsis Stable Isotope Geochemistry by : Jochen Hoefs
Download or read book Stable Isotope Geochemistry written by Jochen Hoefs and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-09 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stable Isotope Geochemistry is an introduction to the use of stable isotopes in the geosciences. For students and scientists alike the book will be a primary source of information with regard to how and where stable isotopes can be used to solve geological problems. It is subdivided into three parts: i) theoretical and experimental principles, ii) fractionation processes of light and heavy elements, iii) the natural variations of geologically important reservoirs. In the last decade, major advances in multicollector-ICP-mass-spectrometry enable the precise determination of a wide range of transition and heavy elements. Progress in analysing the rare isotopes of certain elements allows the distinction between mass-dependent and mass-independent fractionations. These major advances in analytical techniques make an extended new edition necessary. Special emphasis has been given to the growing field of “non-traditional” isotope systems. Many new references have been added, which will enable quick access to recent literature.
Book Synopsis Stable Isotope Paleoclimate Studies in the Western Basin and Range and Greater Yellowstone Region by : Michael A. Poage
Download or read book Stable Isotope Paleoclimate Studies in the Western Basin and Range and Greater Yellowstone Region written by Michael A. Poage and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Non-Traditional Stable Isotopes by : Fang-Zhen Teng
Download or read book Non-Traditional Stable Isotopes written by Fang-Zhen Teng and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-03-06 with total page 902 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS) makes it possible to precisely measure non-traditional stable isotopes. This volume reviews the current status of non-traditional isotope geochemistry from analytical, theoretical, and experimental approaches to analysis of natural samples. In particular, important applications to cosmochemistry, high-temperature geochemistry, low-temperature geochemistry, and geobiology are discussed. This volume provides the most comprehensive review on non-traditional isotope geochemistry for students and researchers who are interested in both the theory and applications of non-traditional stable isotope geochemistry.
Book Synopsis Stable Isotopes, Marine Paleoclimates, and Human Subsistence on California's Channel Islands by : John A. Robbins
Download or read book Stable Isotopes, Marine Paleoclimates, and Human Subsistence on California's Channel Islands written by John A. Robbins and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Palaeoclimates and Palaeowaters by : International Atomic Energy Agency
Download or read book Palaeoclimates and Palaeowaters written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Paleoclimatic Study of the Midwestern United States from the Stable Isotope Records in Lake Sediments by : Norman Alan Lovan
Download or read book A Paleoclimatic Study of the Midwestern United States from the Stable Isotope Records in Lake Sediments written by Norman Alan Lovan and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Stable Isotopes in Sedimentary Geology by : Michael A. Arthur
Download or read book Stable Isotopes in Sedimentary Geology written by Michael A. Arthur and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sr Isotopes in Seawater by : B. Lynn Ingram
Download or read book Sr Isotopes in Seawater written by B. Lynn Ingram and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-31 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of Sr isotopic composition of thousands of samples of marine sediments and fossils have yielded a curve of 87Sr/86Sr versus age for seawater Sr that extends back to 1 billion years. The ratio has fluctuated with large amplitude during this time period, and because the ratio is always uniform in the oceans globally at any one time, it is useful as a stratigraphic correlation and age-dating tool. The ratio also appears to reflect major tectonic and climatic events in Earth history and hence provides clues as to the causes, timing, and consequences of those events. The seawater 87Sr/86Sr ratio is generally high during periods marked by continent-continent collisions, and lower when continental topography is subdued, and seafloor generation rates are high. There is evidence that major shifts in the seawater ratio can be ascribed to specific orogenic events and correlate with large shifts in global climate.
