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Speeding Up The Drug Review Process
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Book Synopsis Speeding Up the Drug Review Process, Results Encouraging, But Progress Slow by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Speeding Up the Drug Review Process, Results Encouraging, But Progress Slow written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Speeding Up the Drug Review Process: Results Encouraging -- But Progress Slow by : GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC HUMAN RESOURCES DIV.
Download or read book Speeding Up the Drug Review Process: Results Encouraging -- But Progress Slow written by GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC HUMAN RESOURCES DIV. and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Food and Drug Administration's efforts to speed drug review are encouraging. Since October 1, 1978, FDA has approved more drugs in less time than before despite an increased workload. The greatest reductions were made in approvals of important drugs (drugs that in FDA's judgment provide a therapeutic gain over any marketed drugs). However, these approvals represent only about 41 percent of those in process since October 1, 1978, and it is too early to tell whether the positive trend will continue. Reduction of approval time has not been consistent throughout all FDA divisions, and processing times should be further reduced. GAO is recommending actions that the Secretary of Health and Human Services could take to further reduce drug review time. (Author).
Book Synopsis Improving and Accelerating Therapeutic Development for Nervous System Disorders by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Improving and Accelerating Therapeutic Development for Nervous System Disorders written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-02-06 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improving and Accelerating Therapeutic Development for Nervous System Disorders is the summary of a workshop convened by the IOM Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders to examine opportunities to accelerate early phases of drug development for nervous system drug discovery. Workshop participants discussed challenges in neuroscience research for enabling faster entry of potential treatments into first-in-human trials, explored how new and emerging tools and technologies may improve the efficiency of research, and considered mechanisms to facilitate a more effective and efficient development pipeline. There are several challenges to the current drug development pipeline for nervous system disorders. The fundamental etiology and pathophysiology of many nervous system disorders are unknown and the brain is inaccessible to study, making it difficult to develop accurate models. Patient heterogeneity is high, disease pathology can occur years to decades before becoming clinically apparent, and diagnostic and treatment biomarkers are lacking. In addition, the lack of validated targets, limitations related to the predictive validity of animal models - the extent to which the model predicts clinical efficacy - and regulatory barriers can also impede translation and drug development for nervous system disorders. Improving and Accelerating Therapeutic Development for Nervous System Disorders identifies avenues for moving directly from cellular models to human trials, minimizing the need for animal models to test efficacy, and discusses the potential benefits and risks of such an approach. This report is a timely discussion of opportunities to improve early drug development with a focus toward preclinical trials.
Book Synopsis Speeding Up the Drug Review Process by : United States Accounting Office (GAO)
Download or read book Speeding Up the Drug Review Process written by United States Accounting Office (GAO) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-12 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speeding Up the Drug Review Process: Results Encouraging but Progress Slow
Book Synopsis Speeding Up the Drug Review Process, Results Encouraging, But Progress Slow by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Speeding Up the Drug Review Process, Results Encouraging, But Progress Slow written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis New Drug Development by : Mark P. Mathieu
Download or read book New Drug Development written by Mark P. Mathieu and published by Omec. This book was released on 1987 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309498511 Total Pages :103 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis The Role of NIH in Drug Development Innovation and Its Impact on Patient Access by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book The Role of NIH in Drug Development Innovation and Its Impact on Patient Access written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-01-27 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To explore the role of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in innovative drug development and its impact on patient access, the Board on Health Care Services and the Board on Health Sciences Policy of the National Academies jointly hosted a public workshop on July 24â€"25, 2019, in Washington, DC. Workshop speakers and participants discussed the ways in which federal investments in biomedical research are translated into innovative therapies and considered approaches to ensure that the public has affordable access to the resulting new drugs. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309459575 Total Pages :483 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-09-28 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug overdose, driven largely by overdose related to the use of opioids, is now the leading cause of unintentional injury death in the United States. The ongoing opioid crisis lies at the intersection of two public health challenges: reducing the burden of suffering from pain and containing the rising toll of the harms that can arise from the use of opioid medications. Chronic pain and opioid use disorder both represent complex human conditions affecting millions of Americans and causing untold disability and loss of function. In the context of the growing opioid problem, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) launched an Opioids Action Plan in early 2016. As part of this plan, the FDA asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to update the state of the science on pain research, care, and education and to identify actions the FDA and others can take to respond to the opioid epidemic, with a particular focus on informing FDA's development of a formal method for incorporating individual and societal considerations into its risk-benefit framework for opioid approval and monitoring.
Author :Congressional Service Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781720628071 Total Pages :34 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (28 download)
Book Synopsis How FDA Approves Drugs and Regulates Their Safety and Effectiveness by : Congressional Service
Download or read book How FDA Approves Drugs and Regulates Their Safety and Effectiveness written by Congressional Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-02 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), a regulatory agency within the Department of Health and Human Services, regulates the safety and effectiveness of drugs sold in the United States. FDA divides that responsibility into two phases. In the preapproval (premarket) phase, FDA reviews manufacturers' applications to market drugs in the United States; a drug may not be sold unless it has FDA approval. Once a drug is on the market, FDA continues its oversight of drug safety and effectiveness. That postapproval (postmarket) phase lasts as long as the drug is on the market. Beginning with the Food and Drugs Act of 1906, Congress and the President have incrementally refined and expanded FDA's responsibilities regarding drug approval and regulation. The progression to drug approval begins before FDA involvement. First, basic scientists work in the laboratory and with animals; second, a drug or biotechnology company develops a prototype drug. That company must seek and receive FDA approval, by way of an investigational new drug (IND) application, to test the product with human subjects. It carries out those tests, called clinical trials, sequentially in Phase I, II, and III studies, which involve increasing numbers of subjects. The manufacturer then compiles the resulting data and analysis in a new drug application (NDA). At that point, FDA reviews the NDA with three major concerns: (1) safety and effectiveness in the drug's proposed use; (2) appropriateness of the proposed labeling; and (3) adequacy of manufacturing methods to assure the drug's identity, strength, quality, and purity. The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) and associated regulations detail the requirements for each step. FDA uses a few special mechanisms to expedite drug development and the review process when a drug might address an unmet need or a serious disease or condition. Those mechanisms include accelerated approval, animal efficacy approval, fast track designation, breakthrough therapy designation, and priority review. Once FDA has approved an NDA, the drug may enter the U.S. market, but FDA continues to address drug production, distribution, and use. Its activities, based on ensuring drug safety and effectiveness, address product integrity, labeling, reporting of research and adverse events, surveillance, drug studies, risk management, information dissemination, off-label use, and direct-to-consumer advertising, all topics in which Congress has traditionally been interested. FDA seeks to ensure product integrity through product and facility registration; inspections; chain-of-custody documentation; and technologies to protect against counterfeit, diverted, subpotent, adulterated, misbranded, and expired drugs. FDA's approval of an NDA includes the drug's labeling; the agency may require changes once a drug is on the market based on new information. It also prohibits manufacturer promotion of uses that are not specified in the labeling. The FFDCA requires that manufacturers report to FDA adverse events related to its drugs; clinicians and other members of the public may report adverse events to FDA. The agency's surveillance of drug-related problems, which had primarily focused on analyses of various adverse-event databases, is now expanding to more active uses of evolving computer technology and links to other public and private information sources. The FFDCA allows FDA to require a manufacturer to conduct postapproval studies of drugs. The law specifies when FDA must attach that requirement to the NDA approval and when FDA may issue the requirement after a drug is on the market. To manage exceptional risks of drugs, FDA may also require patient or clinician guides and restrictions on distribution. The agency publicly disseminates information about drug safety and effectiveness; and regulates the industry promotion of products to clinicians and the public.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309457971 Total Pages :145 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis The Drug Development Paradigm in Oncology by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book The Drug Development Paradigm in Oncology written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-02-12 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in cancer research have led to an improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning the development of cancer and how the immune system responds to cancer. This influx of research has led to an increasing number and variety of therapies in the drug development pipeline, including targeted therapies and associated biomarker tests that can select which patients are most likely to respond, and immunotherapies that harness the body's immune system to destroy cancer cells. Compared with standard chemotherapies, these new cancer therapies may demonstrate evidence of benefit and clearer distinctions between efficacy and toxicity at an earlier stage of development. However, there is a concern that the traditional processes for cancer drug development, evaluation, and regulatory approval could impede or delay the use of these promising cancer treatments in clinical practice. This has led to a number of effortsâ€"by patient advocates, the pharmaceutical industry, and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)â€"to accelerate the review of promising new cancer therapies, especially for cancers that currently lack effective treatments. However, generating the necessary data to confirm safety and efficacy during expedited drug development programs can present a unique set of challenges and opportunities. To explore this new landscape in cancer drug development, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine developed a workshop held in December 2016. This workshop convened cancer researchers, patient advocates, and representatives from industry, academia, and government to discuss challenges with traditional approaches to drug development, opportunities to improve the efficiency of drug development, and strategies to enhance the information available about a cancer therapy throughout its life cycle in order to improve its use in clinical practice. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Book Synopsis How FDA Approves Drugs and Regulates Their Safety and Effectiveness by : Susan Thaul
Download or read book How FDA Approves Drugs and Regulates Their Safety and Effectiveness written by Susan Thaul and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2012-07-03 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Update: On June 20, 2012, the House of Representatives passed, by voice vote and under suspension of the rules, S. 3187 (EAH), the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act, as amended. This bill would reauthorize the FDA prescription drug and medical device user fee programs (which would otherwise expire on September 30, 2012), create new user fee programs for generic and biosimilar drug approvals, and make other revisions to other FDA drug and device approval processes. It reflects bicameral compromise on earlier versions of the bill (S. 3187 [ES], which passed the Senate on May 24, 2012, and H.R. 5651 [EH], which passed the House on May 30, 2012). The following CRS reports provide overview information on FDA's processes for approval and regulation of drugs: CRS Report R41983, How FDA Approves Drugs and Regulates Their Safety and Effectiveness, by Susan Thaul. CRS Report RL33986, FDA's Authority to Ensure That Drugs Prescribed to Children Are Safe and Effective, by Susan Thaul. CRS Report R42130, FDA Regulation of Medical Devices, by Judith A. Johnson. CRS Report R42508, The FDA Medical Device User Fee Program, by Judith A. Johnson. (Note: The rest of this report has not been updated since September 1, 2011.) The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is a regulatory agency within the Department of Health and Human Services. A key responsibility is to regulate the safety and effectiveness of drugs sold in the United States. FDA divides that responsibility into two phases: preapproval (premarket) and postapproval (postmarket). FDA reviews manufacturers' applications to market drugs in the United States; a drug may not be sold unless it has FDA approval. The agency continues its oversight of drug safety and effectiveness as long as the drug is on the market. Beginning with the Food and Drugs Act of 1906, Congress has incrementally refined and expanded FDA's responsibilities regarding drug approval and regulation. The progression to drug approval begins before FDA involvement. First, basic scientists work in the laboratory and with animals; second, a drug or biotechnology company develops a prototype drug. That company must seek and receive FDA approval, by way of an investigational new drug (IND) application, to test the product with human subjects. Those tests, called clinical trials, are carried out sequentially in Phase I, II, and III studies, which involve increasing numbers of subjects. The manufacturer then compiles the resulting data and analysis in a new drug application (NDA). FDA reviews the NDA with three major concerns: (1) safety and effectiveness in the drug's proposed use; (2) appropriateness of the proposed labeling; and (3) adequacy of manufacturing methods to assure the drug's identify, strength, quality, and identity. The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) and associated regulations detail the requirements at each step. FDA uses a few special mechanisms to expedite drug development and the review process when a drug might address an unmet need or a serious disease or condition. Those mechanisms include accelerated approval, animal efficacy approval, fast track applications, and priority review. Once a drug is on the U.S. market (following FDA approval of the NDA), FDA continues to address drug production, distribution, and use. Its activities, based on ensuring drug safety and effectiveness, address product integrity, labeling, reporting of research and adverse events, surveillance, drug studies, risk management, information dissemination, off-label use, and directto- consumer advertising, all topics in which Congress has traditionally been interested. FDA seeks to ensure product integrity through product and facility registration; inspections; chain-of-custody documentation; and technologies to protect against counterfeit, diverted, subpotent, adulterated, misbranded, and expired drugs.~
Book Synopsis New Drugs by : Lawrence Tim Friedhoff
Download or read book New Drugs written by Lawrence Tim Friedhoff and published by Booksurge Publishing. This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug development, the processes by which a chemical compound becomes a "drug" and is approved for sale by the FDA and European and Asian regulators, is not for the faint-of-heart or the shortsighted. Designing and monitoring studies, obtaining and analyzing scientific data, and reconciling clinical results against the ethical constraints and regulatory guidelines of government agencies, requires a complex interaction of in-house specialists and academic and commercial consultants worldwide. Scientific, technical, and tactical considerations play out in an environment where a balance must be struck between the often-competing interests of the corporation, its investors, government regulators, and the safety and well being of intended patients. All the while, dwindling patent protections impose an ever-contracting timeframe for success. Written to be accessible to a wide audience, NEW DRUGS provides a thorough, succinct, and practical understanding of these drug-development processes. If you're involved in the pharmaceutical industry, NEW DRUGS will provide scientific and management tools to increase the likelihood of regulatory approval at each phase of your compound's development. If you're a patient or consumer, NEW DRUGS will enable you to intelligently discuss medications with your health-care provider and empower you to make informed decisions at the pharmacy. If your portfolio, rather than your health, makes you an interested observer of the fortunes of this critical sector of the US economy, NEW DRUGS will help you to decode press releases and annual reports, so that you can recognize and invest in well-run companies with promising products.
Book Synopsis Rare Diseases and Orphan Products by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Rare Diseases and Orphan Products written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-04-03 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rare diseases collectively affect millions of Americans of all ages, but developing drugs and medical devices to prevent, diagnose, and treat these conditions is challenging. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends implementing an integrated national strategy to promote rare diseases research and product development.
Download or read book U.S. Drug Approval Process written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug approval standards in the United States are considered by many to be the most demanding in the world. By law, all new drugs must first be shown to be safe and effective before they can be approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for marketing. While these requirements are considered the norm today, it took a century of law and rulemaking before they became the nation's gold standard. Up until the early part of the last century, the sale of adulterated and misbranded drugs was not uncommon until the practice was outlawed under the 1906 Food and Drugs Act. Thirty years later, Congress passed the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938, that required drug companies to conduct pre-market safety testing before their new drug could be marketed. In 1962, following the infamous thalidomide tragedy, Congress amended the law once again, this time adding the requirement that manufacturers prove the effectiveness of their products, as well. Discovering a new drug, and shepherding it through FDA's review process, can take many years, and cost hundreds of millions of dollars. To a large degree, these costs are mostly associated with the clinical testing that must be done to convince the agency that the new product is safe and effective for its intended medical use. To begin clinical testing, drug companies or sponsors must file an Investigational New Drug (IND) application with the FDA. The INDs must include information about the study protocol, the qualifications of the lead investigator, the trial's location, and assurances that the welfare of the study participants will be protected. Once a new drug's clinical testing is complete, the sponsor submits a New Drug Application (NDA) for FDA evaluation. During the application's review, agency officials examine the drug's safety and efficacy data, assay samples, and conduct factory inspections to be sure the finished product will be manufactured properly. FDA also checks the drug's labeling to be sure that it is accurate and comprehensive. Typically, when FDA finishes its review, it notifies the applicant by letter stating that its NDA is either approved, would be approved if changes are made, or cannot be approved due to unresolved problems. Once a new drug is approved, its safety is monitored through FDA's post-marketing surveillance system, MedWatch. By regulation, manufacturers must report all serious adverse reactions. However, for health professionals and consumers, reporting adverse reactions is voluntary. During the 1990s, Congress adopted several measures aimed at accelerating the drug approval system. In 1992, it passed the Prescription Drug User Fee Act, which authorized FDA to collect fees from companies in order to speed up NDA review. Five years later, Congress enacted the Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997 (FDAMA), the most comprehensive overhaul of the nation's food, drug, and medical device laws in more than 30 years. Among its provisions related to the drug approval process, FDAMA streamlined clinical testing requirements, expanded patients' access to experimental drugs, and granted pharmaceutical companies extra marketing exclusivity for determining the use of their products in pediatric patients. FDAMA also eased data reporting requirements, and modified the law so fewer clinical studies are required to confirm a drug's effectiveness.
Book Synopsis New Drug Development by : Mark P. Mathieu
Download or read book New Drug Development written by Mark P. Mathieu and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Go inside the drug development and FDA regulatory process with today's most authoritative and popular reference on the topic. In its all-new 2008 edition, New Drug Development: A Regulatory Overview addresses the most cutting-edge developments redefining how new drugs are developed and regulated today, including: how the FDA Amendments Act of 2007 will affect everything from drug reviews to postmarketing requirements; how the CDER's efforts to integrate a culture of drug safety has affected the center's structure and its new drug review and approval processes; how CDER's much-anticipated January 2008 transition to the eCTD as the only valid esubmission format will affect the FDA's drug submission and review process; how the FDA and industry are already integrating pharmacogenomics, computer simulation, and other emerging technologies to inform key decisions; and which drug development strategies are fulfilling their promise and offering optimal returns for industry, given the explosion of accelerated development/approval programs and pilot programs to speed the drug development and review process."--Publisher's description
Book Synopsis Pharmacogenomics by : Mark A. Rothstein
Download or read book Pharmacogenomics written by Mark A. Rothstein and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-04-09 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through analyses of the complex underlying issues, this interdisciplinary volume frames the agenda for dealing with genetic variation and incorporating pharmacogenomics into health care. The three sections of this book, Research Issues, Clinical Issues, and Social Perspectives address key elements integral to a comprehensive discussion of this emerging field. This groundbreaking text... Examines new research strategies, methodologies, and ethical and social considerations of pharmacogenomics Addresses practical considerations of anticipated changes in education, training, oversight, guidelines and protocols, and continuing education requirements Provides analyses of the potential enormous impact of pharmacogenomics, such as in the standard of care and treatment, including perspectives from the fields of anthropology, law, ethics, and economics
Book Synopsis State-By-State Clinical Trial Requirements Reference by : John C. Serio
Download or read book State-By-State Clinical Trial Requirements Reference written by John C. Serio and published by . This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Go inside the drug development and FDA regulatory process with today's most authoritative and popular reference on the topic. In its all-new 2008 edition, New Drug Development: A Regulatory Overview addresses the most cutting-edge developments redefining how new drugs are developed and regulated today, including: * How the FDA Amendments Act of 2007 will affect everything from drug reviews to postmarketing requirements. * How the CDER's efforts to integrate a culture of drug safety has affected the center's structure and its new drug review and approval processes. * How CDER's much-anticipated January 2008 transition to the eCTD as the only valid esubmission format will affect the FDA's drug submission and review process. * How the FDA and industry are already integrating pharmacogenomics, computer simulation, and other emerging technologies to inform key decisions. * Which drug development strategies are fulfilling their promise and offering optimal returns for industry, given the explosion of accelerated development/approval programs and pilot programs to speed the drug development and review process. Find out why New Drug Development is pharma/biotech's go-to resource for regulatory, clinical, project management, training, and other drug development disciplines navigating the FDA's drug development approval processes.
