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Specification Of The Thickness Of The Topside Of The Ionosphere
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Book Synopsis Specification of the Thickness of the Topside of the Ionosphere by : Richard S. Allen
Download or read book Specification of the Thickness of the Topside of the Ionosphere written by Richard S. Allen and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A model is presented for the thickness of the electron density profile in the region above the F layer maximum. The model varies with time and solar conditions; it is specified by observations or predictions of the height of the F layer maximum; and it is independent of latitude. Results indicate that a mean thickness parameter can be estimated to within about 15 percent and that there is a useful reduction in the day to day variability.
Book Synopsis Specification of the Thickness of the Topside of the Ionosphere by : Richard S. Allen
Download or read book Specification of the Thickness of the Topside of the Ionosphere written by Richard S. Allen and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A model is presented for the thickness of the electron density profile in the region above the F layer maximum. The model varies with time and solar conditions; it is specified by observations or predictions of the height of the F layer maximum; and it is independent of latitude. Results indicate that a mean thickness parameter can be estimated to within about 15 percent and that there is a useful reduction in the day to day variability.
Book Synopsis Path Toward Improved Ionosphere Specification and Forecast Models by : D. Bilitza
Download or read book Path Toward Improved Ionosphere Specification and Forecast Models written by D. Bilitza and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Electron Densities and Scale Heights in the Topside Ionosphere - Alouette I Observations Recorded at Hawaii, Winter 1962-1963, Summer 1963 by : Kwok-Long Chan
Download or read book Electron Densities and Scale Heights in the Topside Ionosphere - Alouette I Observations Recorded at Hawaii, Winter 1962-1963, Summer 1963 written by Kwok-Long Chan and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Air Force Surveys in Geophysics by :
Download or read book Air Force Surveys in Geophysics written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Energy Research and Development Administration. Technical Information Center Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1680 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (129 download)
Book Synopsis ERDA Energy Research Abstracts by : United States. Energy Research and Development Administration. Technical Information Center
Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by United States. Energy Research and Development Administration. Technical Information Center and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 1680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Research Papers written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Report on Research at AFCRL. by : Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories (U.S.)
Download or read book Report on Research at AFCRL. written by Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 920 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Considerations Relative to Adapting TRANSIT Observations to Predicting Radar Range Correction by : Allen, Richard S.
Download or read book Considerations Relative to Adapting TRANSIT Observations to Predicting Radar Range Correction written by Allen, Richard S. and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uncertainties in the output data of SPACE TRACK radars caused by the variability of the ionosphere may be reduced 25 to 50 percent through the use of predictions of monthly median effects supplied by AWS/GWC. For some ADCOM missions this degree of correction is inadequate and a further reduction in error is necessary. This may be gained by using local measurements of ionospheric parameters, such as total electron content which may be obtained from TRANSIT satellite passes, to adapt the model ionosphere. An algorithm is proposed which uses data from sequential TRANSIT passes over a limited portion of the field of view of each ADCOM radar, to adapt the AWS/GWC prediction for the entire field of view. From the available TRANSIT data, it is estimated that the rms refraction error may be reduced by a factor of 3 to 4 by this technique. The principle problem which must be addressed by an adaptive technique is the inherent temporal and spatial variability of the ionosphere. The expected day-to-day variability is about 20 to 25 percent of the monthly median over a solar cycle for stations from the equator to auroral latitudes. In using TRANSIT data to adapt a local estimate of the ionospheric refraction correction, it is suggested that: 1. The adaptive techniques proposed, using TRANSIT data, should be tested against archive data. 2. Techniques using other sensors of the ionosphere, such as measurements of total electron content to synchronous satellites, should be developed and tested against archive data, and the results should be compared with the technique using TRANSIT data before a final method of correction is adapted. (Author).
Book Synopsis Meteorological and Geoastrophysical Abstracts by :
Download or read book Meteorological and Geoastrophysical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 1014 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the world's literature on meteorology, climatology, atmospheric chemistry and physics, physical oceanography, hydrology, glaciology, and related environmental sciences.
Book Synopsis The Dynamical Ionosphere by : Massimo Materassi
Download or read book The Dynamical Ionosphere written by Massimo Materassi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-11-28 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Dynamical Ionosphere: A Systems Approach to Ionospheric Irregularity examines the Earth's ionosphere as a dynamical system with signatures of complexity. The system is robust in its overall configuration, with smooth space-time patterns of daily, seasonal and Solar Cycle variability, but shows a hierarchy of interactions among its sub-systems, yielding apparent unpredictability, space-time irregularity, and turbulence. This interplay leads to the need for constructing realistic models of the average ionosphere, incorporating the increasing knowledge and predictability of high variability components, and for addressing the difficulty of dealing with the worst cases of ionospheric disturbances, all of which are addressed in this interdisciplinary book. Borrowing tools and techniques from classical and stochastic dynamics, information theory, signal processing, fluid dynamics and turbulence science, The Dynamical Ionosphere presents the state-of-the-art in dealing with irregularity, forecasting ionospheric threats, and theoretical interpretation of various ionospheric configurations. - Presents studies addressing Earth's ionosphere as a complex dynamical system, including irregularities and radio scintillation, ionospheric turbulence, nonlinear time series analysis, space-ionosphere connection, and space-time structures - Utilizes interdisciplinary tools and techniques, such as those associated with stochastic dynamics, information theory, signal processing, fluid dynamics and turbulence science - Offers new data-driven models for different ionospheric variability phenomena - Provides a synoptic view of the state-of-the-art and most updated theoretical interpretation, results and data analysis tools of the "worst case" behavior in ionospheric configurations
Book Synopsis 29-Day Analysis of Scale Heights and the Inference of the Topside Ionosphere Over Millstone Hill During the 2002 Incoherent Scatter Radar Campaign by : Jennifer L Meehan
Download or read book 29-Day Analysis of Scale Heights and the Inference of the Topside Ionosphere Over Millstone Hill During the 2002 Incoherent Scatter Radar Campaign written by Jennifer L Meehan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ionospheric scale height is a measure of the topside altitude dependence of electron density and is a key ionospheric parameter due to its intrinsic connection to ionospheric dynamics, plasma temperature, and composition. A longtime problem has been that information on the bottomside ionospheric profile is readily available, but the observation of the topside ionosphere is still challenging. Despite numerous data techniques to characterize the topside ionosphere, the knowledge of the behavior of the topside ionosphere and its subsequent scale heights remains insufficient. The goal of this study is to evaluate whether or not we can characterize the topside ionospheric density and temperature profiles in the event that neither temperature nor electron density are measured by using a cost-effective method. In a simple model, the electron density in the F-region topside decreases exponentially with height. This exponential decay is mainly driven by thermal diffusive equilibrium, but also dependent on the dominant ion species, as well as other drivers during nondiffusive conditions. A scale height based on observations of the temperature can generate topside electron density profiles. While a measure of the electron density profile enables a scale height to be inferred, hence yielding temperature information. We found a new way to represent how much total electron content (TEC) is allotted for the topside ionosphere. We then used this information to successfully determine TEC using ionosonde data containing only bottomside electron density information. For the first time, slab thickness, which is directly proportional to scale height, was found to be correlated to the peak density height and introduced as a new index, k. Ultimately, k relates electron density parameters and can be a very useful tool for describing the topside ionosphere shape and subsequently, scale height. The methodology of using cost-effective, readily available ionosonde bottomside electron density data combined with GPS TEC was discovered to be capable of inferring the topside ionosphere. This was verified by incoherent scatter radar (ISR) data, though major issues surrounding the availability of ionogram data during nighttime hours greatly limited our study, especially during diffusive equilibrium conditions. Also, significant differences were found between ISR and ionosonde-determined peak density parameters, NmF2 and hmF2, and raised concerns in how the instruments were calibrated.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 1208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Electron Densities and Scale Heights in the Topside Ionosphere: Alouette I by : Lawrence Colin
Download or read book Electron Densities and Scale Heights in the Topside Ionosphere: Alouette I written by Lawrence Colin and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Detailed Specification of the Arctic Ionosphere and an Application to Three-dimensional Raytracing by : J. Buchau
Download or read book Detailed Specification of the Arctic Ionosphere and an Application to Three-dimensional Raytracing written by J. Buchau and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A statistical analysis of Alouette topside ionograms shows that the probability of occurrence of the midlatitude F-layer trough is 100 percent in winter and at equinox, and is 50 percent in summer. The trough, which is generally centered on 55 degrees corrected geomagnetic latitude and which is about 5 degrees to 10 degrees wide, extends throughout the night hemisphere with f(o)F2 values less than 2 MHz. Comparison of the location of the trough to the area in which coverage by an over the horizon backscatter (OTHB) system is anticipated shows that the trough will adversely affect system performance in the northeast direction most of the night. An in-depth case study of the effects of the trough on HF propagation was made, based on an instantaneous three-dimensional description of the ionosphere. This description of the ionosphere was composed of cross sections showing ionospheric electron-density structure in the area northeast of the Polar Fox II site. Three-dimensional raytracing was applied to this description of the ionosphere, and the trough and the steep electron-density gradient at the poleward edge of the trough were found to adversely affect propagation of HF signals. (Modified author abstract).
