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Spatial Resolution Of Neutron Position Scintillation Detectors
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Book Synopsis Spatial Resolution of Neutron-position Scintillation Detectors by :
Download or read book Spatial Resolution of Neutron-position Scintillation Detectors written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (IPNS) was recently built at Argonne. From the point of view of neutron detection a pulsed source has two characteristics which are basically different from those of a steady-state source such as a reactor: broad spectrum of neutron energies in which a greater fraction of the flux is in the epithermal range, and high instantaneous neutron flux. A detector to be used with a pulsed source should therefore have: high neutron detection efficiency extending to epithermal energies, and high instantaneous count-rate capability. In response to these requirements a new neutron position-sensitive detector was developed. The detector is comprised of an array of photomultiplier tubes coupled to a thin 6Li-glass scintillator. The principle of operation is similar to that of the Anger gamma-ray camera used in nuclear medicine.
Book Synopsis Position-sensitive Detection of Thermal Neutrons by : Pierre Convert
Download or read book Position-sensitive Detection of Thermal Neutrons written by Pierre Convert and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Simulation of Optical Configurations and Signal Processing Methods in Anger-type Neutron-position Scintillation Detector by :
Download or read book Simulation of Optical Configurations and Signal Processing Methods in Anger-type Neutron-position Scintillation Detector written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The spatial linearity and resolution of Anger-type neutron-position scintillation detectors are studied using a semi-empirical model. Detector optics with either an air gap or optical grease between the scintillator and the dispersive light guide are considered. Three signal processing methods which truncate signals from PMT's distant from the scintillation are compared with the linear resistive weighting method. Air gap optics yields a 15% improvement in spatial resolution and 50% reduction in differential and integral nonlinearity relative to grease coupled optics, using linear processing. Using signal truncation instead of linear processing improves the resolution 15-20% for the air gap and 20-30% for the grease coupling case. Thus, the initial discrepancy in the resolution between the two optics nearly vanished, however the linearity of the grease coupled system is still significantly poorer.
Book Synopsis Elements of Slow-Neutron Scattering by : J. M. Carpenter
Download or read book Elements of Slow-Neutron Scattering written by J. M. Carpenter and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-09-24 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to the fundamental theory and applications of slow-neutron scattering.
Book Synopsis Neutron Scintillators Using Wavelength Shifting Fibers by :
Download or read book Neutron Scintillators Using Wavelength Shifting Fibers written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A proposed design for an optically-based, one-dimension scintillation detector to replace the gas-filled position-sensitive proportional counter currently used for a wide-angle neutron detector (WAND) at the high-Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is presented. The scintillator, consisting of a mixture of 6LiF and ZnS(Ag) powders in an epoxy binder, is coupled to an array of wavelength shifting optical fibers which provide position resolution. The wide-angle neutron detector is designed to cover a 120 degree arc with a 75 cm radius of curvature. The final detector design provides for 600 optical fibers coupled to the scintillator screen with an angular resolution of 0.2 degrees. Each individual pixel of the detector will be capable of operating at count rates exceeding 1 MHz. Results are presented from the measurement of neutron conversion efficiencies for several screen compositions, gamma-ray sensitivity, and spatial resolution of a 16 element one-dimensional array prototype.
Author :Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers Publisher :SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering ISBN 13 : Total Pages :388 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Neutrons, X Rays, and Gamma Rays by : Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers
Download or read book Neutrons, X Rays, and Gamma Rays written by Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 1993 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neutron Radiography written by Garbe,U. and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2020-02-05 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutron radiography represents a powerful non-destructive testing technique that is still very much in development. The book reveals the amazing diversity of scientific and industrial applications of this technique, the advancements of the state-of-art neutron facilities, the latest method developments, and the expected future of neutron imaging.
Book Synopsis Neutron Detectors for Scattering Applications by : Yacouba Diawara
Download or read book Neutron Detectors for Scattering Applications written by Yacouba Diawara and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-04 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the most common neutron detectors used in neutron scattering facilities and all of those in use at Oak Ridge National Lab. It starts describing the facilities, instruments and the critical detector parameters needed by various instruments. Then the key components of the 3He-based linear position-sensitive detectors as well as on their electronics, which require particular attention to signal processing and noise reduction, are introduced. One chapter is dedicated to the 3He alternatives where scintillators play a critical role. It also covers emerging neutron detection technologies including semiconductors, vacuum-based devices and their associated readouts, which will be required in the future for high rate and high-resolution neutron detectors. The authors explain the logic behind the choice of materials as well as the various constraints that neutron detectors must respect to be useful. Some of these constraints, such as efficiency and gamma-ray sensitivity are common to all neutron counters while others, like timing resolution, dynamic range, and peak counting rate, depend on the applications. The book guides experts, the nuclear science community, and young scholars through the physical processes and the required electronics in a way that is accessible for those not professionally involved in designing detector’s components and electronic circuits.
Book Synopsis Comparative Analysis of PVT Scintillators for the Development of a Fast Neutron Imager by : Richard Elwood Shawger
Download or read book Comparative Analysis of PVT Scintillators for the Development of a Fast Neutron Imager written by Richard Elwood Shawger and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research is to conduct a comparative analysis of polyvinyltoluene (PVT) organic scintillators in order to aid Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in the design of a PVT scintillator for fast neutron imaging. To achieve this goal, a neutron imaging apparatus has been developed to conduct neutron radiography using a neutron beam facility at The Ohio State University Research Reactor (OSURR). The neutron imaging apparatus is based on a low-cost single mirror refection configuration that consists of a neutron sensitive scintillator, a light tight box, a mirror, and a cooled charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. The light tight box was designed, machined, and built in-house specifically to fit into the space available at the neutron beam facility. The camera position is adjustable within the box in order to provide an adjustable field of view, which allows the object or region of interest to take full advantage of the CCD chip size. The spatial resolution of the scintillator was characterized by using Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) and an optical test target. The light yield was measured by the summation of pixel values in the same region of interest in each scintillator. Maximum resolution for a lithium loaded PVT (1.3% by weight) scintillator with thickness of 2.2 mm was 10.9 lp/mm for thermal neutrons. The resolution decreased by 11% with an increase of 1.1 mm in thickness. For fast neutrons with an average energy of 2 MeV, Li-loading increased the light yield of PVT by 29%. For 2.45 MeV neutrons produced by a D-D neutron generator, PVT with a Europium fluor produced 2.7 ± 0.2 times more light than a standard PVT scintillator. The combination of lithium loading with a Eu fluor in PVT produces an efficient dual-purpose fast and thermal neutron imager, as anticipated.
Book Synopsis Particle Physics Reference Library by : Christian W. Fabjan
Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Christian W. Fabjan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 1083 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second open access volume of the handbook series deals with detectors, large experimental facilities and data handling, both for accelerator and non-accelerator based experiments. It also covers applications in medicine and life sciences. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access
Book Synopsis Particle Detectors by : Hermann Kolanoski
Download or read book Particle Detectors written by Hermann Kolanoski and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 949 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the fundamentals of particle detectors as well as their applications. Detector development is an important part of nuclear, particle and astroparticle physics, and through its applications in radiation imaging, it paves the way for advancements in the biomedical and materials sciences. Knowledge in detector physics is one of the required skills of an experimental physicist in these fields. The breadth of knowledge required for detector development comprises many areas of physics and technology, starting from interactions of particles with matter, gas- and solid-state physics, over charge transport and signal development, to elements of microelectronics. The book's aim is to describe the fundamentals of detectors and their different variants and implementations as clearly as possible and as deeply as needed for a thorough understanding. While this comprehensive opus contains all the materials taught in experimental particle physics lectures or modules addressing detector physics at the Master's level, it also goes well beyond these basic requirements. This is an essential text for students who want to deepen their knowledge in this field. It is also a highly useful guide for lecturers and scientists looking for a starting point for detector development work.
Book Synopsis The Theory and Practice of Scintillation Counting by : J. B. Birks
Download or read book The Theory and Practice of Scintillation Counting written by J. B. Birks and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Theory and Practice of Scintillation Counting is a comprehensive account of the theory and practice of scintillation counting. This text covers the study of the scintillation process, which is concerned with the interactions of radiation and matter; the design of the scintillation counter; and the wide range of applications of scintillation counters in pure and applied science. The book is easy to read despite the complex nature of the subject it attempts to discuss. It is organized such that the first five chapters illustrate the fundamental concepts of scintillation counting. Chapters 6 to 10 detail the properties and applications of organic scintillators, while the next four chapters discuss inorganic scintillators. The last two chapters provide a review of some outstanding problems and a postscript. Nuclear physicists, radiation technologists, and postgraduate students of nuclear physics will find the book a good reference material.
Book Synopsis Neutron Generators for Analytical Purposes by : International Atomic Energy Agency
Download or read book Neutron Generators for Analytical Purposes written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by IAEA Radiation Technology Repo. This book was released on 2012 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication addresses recent developments in neutron generator (NG) technology. It presents information on compact instruments with high neutron yield to be used for neutron activation analysis (NAA) and prompt gamma neutron activation analysis in combination with high count rate spectrometers. Traditional NGs have been shown to be effective for applications including borehole logging, homeland security, nuclear medicine and the on-line analysis of aluminium, coal and cement. Pulsed fast thermal neutron analysis, as well as tagged and timed neutron analysis, are additional techniques which can be applied using NG. Furthermore, NG can effectively be used for elemental analysis and is also effective for analysis of hidden materials by neutron radiography. Useful guidelines for developing NG based research laboratories are also provided in this publication.
Book Synopsis Development of a High-count-rate Neutron Detector with Position Sensitivity and High Efficiency by :
Download or read book Development of a High-count-rate Neutron Detector with Position Sensitivity and High Efficiency written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the neutron scattering community is bombarded with hints of new technologies that may deliver detectors with high-count-rate capability, high efficiency, gamma-ray insensitivity, and high resolution across large areas, only the time-tested, gas-filled [sup 3]He and scintillation detectors are in widespread use. Future spallation sources with higher fluxes simply must exploit some of the advanced detector schemes that are as yet unproved as production systems. Technologies indicating promise as neutron detectors include pixel arrays of amorphous silicon, silicon microstrips, microstrips with gas, and new scintillation materials. This project sought to study the competing neutron detector technologies and determine which or what combination will lead to a production detector system well suited for use at a high-intensity neutron scattering source.
Book Synopsis Single Crystal Neutron Diffraction from Molecular Materials by : Chick C. Wilson
Download or read book Single Crystal Neutron Diffraction from Molecular Materials written by Chick C. Wilson and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2000 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important book presents a comprehensive account of the techniques & applications of single crystal neutron diffraction in the area of chemical crystallography & molecular structure. Beginning with a brief description of the general principles & the reasons for choosing the technique - the "why" - the book covers the methods for both the production of neutrons & the measurement of their scattering by molecular crystals - the "how" - followed by a detailed survey of past, present & future applications - the "what". The coverage of both steady state & pulsed neutron sources & instrumentation is extensive, while the survey of applications is the most comprehensive yet undertaken. The book endeavours to show why the technique is an essential method for studying areas as diverse as hydrogen bonding & weak interactions, organometallics, supramolecular chemistry & crystal engineering, metal hydrides, charge density & pharmaceuticals. It is an ideal reference source for the research worker interested in using neutron diffraction to study the structure of molecules. Contents: Crystallography & the Importance of Structural Information; Neutron Scattering; Neutron Diffractometers; Review of Applications I: The Accurate Location of Atoms; Review of Applications II: Hydrogen Bonding & Other Intermolecular Interactions; Review of Applications III: Probing Vibrations & Disorder; Impact on Material Properties & Design; The Future: New Instruments, New Sources, New Techniques. Readership: Students & researchers involved in structural science, especially chemical crystallography.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Particle Detection and Imaging by : Claus Grupen
Download or read book Handbook of Particle Detection and Imaging written by Claus Grupen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-08 with total page 1251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The handbook centers on detection techniques in the field of particle physics, medical imaging and related subjects. It is structured into three parts. The first one is dealing with basic ideas of particle detectors, followed by applications of these devices in high energy physics and other fields. In the last part the large field of medical imaging using similar detection techniques is described. The different chapters of the book are written by world experts in their field. Clear instructions on the detection techniques and principles in terms of relevant operation parameters for scientists and graduate students are given.Detailed tables and diagrams will make this a very useful handbook for the application of these techniques in many different fields like physics, medicine, biology and other areas of natural science.
Book Synopsis Plastic Scintillators by : Matthieu Hamel
Download or read book Plastic Scintillators written by Matthieu Hamel and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-10 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the physics and chemistry of plastic scintillators (fluorescent polymers) that are able to emit light when exposed to ionizing radiation, discussing their chemical modification in the early 1950s and 1960s, as well as the renewed upsurge in interest in the 21st century. The book presents contributions from various researchers on broad aspects of plastic scintillators, from physics, chemistry, materials science and applications, covering topics such as the chemical nature of the polymer and/or the fluorophores, modification of the photophysical properties (decay time, emission wavelength) and loading of additives to make the material more sensitive to, e.g., fast neutrons, thermal neutrons or gamma rays. It also describes the benefits of recent technological advances for plastic scintillators, such as nanomaterials and quantum dots, which allow features that were previously not achievable with regular organic molecules or organometallics.
