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Spatial And Temporal Mechanisms Underlying Apple Fruit Growth
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Book Synopsis Uncovering Genes Controlling Apple Tree Architecture and Fruit Quality by : Laura Elizabeth Dougherty
Download or read book Uncovering Genes Controlling Apple Tree Architecture and Fruit Quality written by Laura Elizabeth Dougherty and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the world population increases, there is a need to produce more food in limited land space. There is a strong need to optimize food production while reducing space, cost and food waste. This can be achieved with high density plantings, automated harvesting and food with longer shelf life. Apples are one of the most widely grown foods in the world and contain necessary nutrients. Apple trees have distinct, naturally occurring growth habits that include standard, weeping and columnar. Understanding the genetic mechanisms behind these growth habits can lead to more trees planted per acre and mechanized harvesting. In this dissertation, weeping (W) was mapped to chromosome 13 and MdLazy1 was identified as a strong candidate gene underlying the weeping growth habit. Genetic mapping within a segregating columnar population revealed two recessive repressors regions of the columnar growth habit. Apple fruit are stored in cold storage after harvest allowing them to be available year round for consumption. A major problem with fruit storage is the softening of fruit over time and a decrease in quality. In this dissertation, alleles of two ethylene synthesis genes MdACS1 and MdACS3a were identified in 952 cultivars. Post-harvest storage studied on 131 cultivars combined with allelic genotypes revealed beneficial allelic combinations of the two genes that reduced fruit soften. Research conducted and summarized in this dissertation addresses apple tree architecture and fruit quality. The genetic regions identified, makers analyzed, markers created and genes characterized increase understanding of genetic mechanisms underlying weeping and columnar growth habit and fruit softening. This research helps address solutions to optimize food production, while also providing fruit breeder's information that can be utilized when creating new superior apple cultivars.
Book Synopsis Transcriptional Regulation in Apple Skin Cell Layers During Fruit Development and Ripening by : Patrick Collins
Download or read book Transcriptional Regulation in Apple Skin Cell Layers During Fruit Development and Ripening written by Patrick Collins and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fruit skin is a key component in many aspects of fruit development and quality. It is the first line of defence against pathogens, controls water loss, contains pigments and phytochemicals, and controls fruit growth through its ability to grow and stretch. Malus x domestica (apple) skin has two distinct cell layers, the epidermis and hypodermis, which cover the cortex (flesh). These distinct cell types are specialised and are known to regulate the different biomechanical properties of the skin during development. Because of the complex nature of the skin and the difficulty in studying individual cell layers, there is a poor understanding of how the skin changes during development and ripening. With accessibility to laser capture microdissection technology and the increased sensitivity in molecular analysis it is now possible to investigate this in more detail. During fruit ripening the skin becomes more porous to water, which contributes to the softening process. Spatiotemporal gene regulation of cell wall-related enzymes linked to increased porosity seen in fruit during ripening was investigated. A laser capture microdissection methodology was developed for isolating the two specific cell types of the skin (hypodermis and epidermis), along with the underlying cortex cells. This methodology was optimized to retain mRNA quality in each specific cell type. The value of cell-type dissection as a transcript-enrichment strategy was confirmed with the enrichment in epidermal and hypodermal transcripts associated with cuticle biosynthesis and flavour volatiles. Gene expression analysis of these tissues has uncovered many specialized genes and expression patterns within key biochemical pathways in fruit development. Active cell wall metabolism was also deduced exclusively in the epidermis tissues based on the expression of some genes involved in cell wall polysaccharide synthesis and modification. Novel functions of the hypodermis tissue layer were uncovered, with expression patterns that suggest a significant role in cell wall loosening and anthocyanin/flavonoid production. Uncovering a detailed map of tissue-specific gene regulation involved in fruit expansion and quality after harvest can enhance our understanding of the mechanisms that govern fruit quality. It is anticipated that the discrete spatial and temporal patterns of gene expression seen in apple can contribute to future breeding programmes and molecular discovery programmes aimed at improving skin quality for an economically important crop.
Book Synopsis Horticultural Reviews, Volume 47 by : Ian Warrington
Download or read book Horticultural Reviews, Volume 47 written by Ian Warrington and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-11-12 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Horticultural Reviews presents state-of-the-art reviews on topics in horticultural science and technology covering both basic and applied research. Topics covered include the horticulture of fruits, vegetables, nut crops, and ornamentals. These review articles, written by world authorities, bridge the gap between the specialized researcher and the broader community of horticultural scientists and teachers.
Book Synopsis Transcriptomics of Fruit Growth, Development and Ripening by : Neftali Ochoa-Alejo
Download or read book Transcriptomics of Fruit Growth, Development and Ripening written by Neftali Ochoa-Alejo and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-04-18 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant fruits are important from a biological, nutritional, and economic perspective. Fruits are primary sources of minerals, vitamins, sugars, organic acids, proteins, and pigments (among other nutrient compounds) for animals and humans, and there exist a vast variety of forms, sizes, and flavors produced by plants. Since fruit biological function is determined through the expression of specific genes, it is important to identify and characterize those genes involved in each developmental and ripening stage, which can be achieved using transcriptomic approaches.
Book Synopsis Biorational Tree-fruit Pest Management by : Martin Aluja
Download or read book Biorational Tree-fruit Pest Management written by Martin Aluja and published by CABI. This book was released on 2009 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains 9 chapters that cover topics on: conceptual framework for integrated pest management of tree-fruit pests; the evolution of key tree-fruit pests (classical cases); functional and behavioural ecology of tree-fruit pests; how do key tree-fruit pests detect and colonize their hosts (mechanisms and applications for integrated pest management); monitoring and management of the apple maggot fly and the plum curculio; trying to build an ecological orchards (a history of apple integrated pest management in Massachusetts, USA); managing pestiferous fruit flies through environmental manipulation; biorational approaches to disease management in apples; speciation, consumers and the market.
Book Synopsis Microbiome Associated With Plant Pathogens, Pathogenesis, and Their Applications in Developing Sustainable Agriculture by : Baoyu Tian
Download or read book Microbiome Associated With Plant Pathogens, Pathogenesis, and Their Applications in Developing Sustainable Agriculture written by Baoyu Tian and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-05-28 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant pathogens, such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes, insect pests, etc., can pose a great threat to plants in agricultural and natural ecosystems worldwide. The plant disease triangle illustrates that pathogenesis in the plant is not only the outcome of the interactions between the plant host and pathogens but also the consequence of their interactions with the microbiomes associated with plant hosts and pathogens. Both microbiomes associated with plant host and pathogen regulate plant health and pathogen infection. Microbes can play an important role in promoting plant growth, and protecting from pathogens and/or insects. A healthy plant microbiome is crucial for plant survival, production, nutrient acquisition, abiotic or biotic stress tolerance, etc. However, the microbiome does not always cooperatively interact with plant hosts to promote host health. They may also deter plant health or promote pathogenicity by the production of toxins, suppressing plant innate immunity, or building a symbiotic or mutual relationship with pathogens or insect pests to facilitate the occurrence of plant disease. In addition, the disease can result in a plant if a susceptible host plant is in intimate association with a virulent pathogen under favorable or altered abiotic or biotic environmental conditions. For example, growing evidence suggests disease occurrence in plants is often accompanied by changes in the associated microbial community structure, composition, and even function.
Book Synopsis Abscission by : Fredrick T. Addicott
Download or read book Abscission written by Fredrick T. Addicott and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1982-01-01 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Single-Cell Omics by : Debmalya Barh
Download or read book Single-Cell Omics written by Debmalya Barh and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-07-31 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Single-cell Omics, Volume 2: Advances in Applications provides the latest single-cell omics applications in the field of biomedicine. The advent of omics technologies have enabled us to identify the differences between cell types and subpopulations at the level of the genome, proteome, transcriptome, epigenome, and in several other fields of omics. The book is divided into two sections: the first is dedicated to biomedical applications, such as cell diagnostics, non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT), circulating tumor cells, breast cancer, gliomas, nervous systems and autoimmune disorders, and more. The second focuses on cell omics in plants, discussing micro algal and single cell omics, and more. This book is a valuable source for bioinformaticians, molecular diagnostic researchers, clinicians and several members of biomedical field interested in understanding more about single-cell omics and its potential for research and diagnosis. Covers the diverse single cell omics applications in the biomedical field Summarizes the latest progress in single cell omics and discusses potential future developments for research and diagnosis Written by experts across the world, it brings different points-of-view and study cases to fully give a comprehensive overview of the topic
Book Synopsis Functional genomics in fruit trees: From ‘omics to sustainable biotechnologies, volume II by : Concetta Licciardello
Download or read book Functional genomics in fruit trees: From ‘omics to sustainable biotechnologies, volume II written by Concetta Licciardello and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-05-12 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Agriculture and Food Production by :
Download or read book Agriculture and Food Production written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-04-16 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of Applied Mycology and Biotechnology completes the set of two volumes dedicated to the coverage of recent developments on the theme "Agriculture and Food Production". The first volume provided overview on fungal physiology, metabolism, genetics and biotechnology and highlighted their connection with particular applications to food production. The second volume examines various specific applications of mycology and fungal biotechnology to food production and processing. In the second volume coverage on two remaining areas of the theme, food crop production and applications in the foods and beverages sector, is presented.The interdisciplinary and complex nature of the subject area, combined with the need to consider the sustainability of agri-food practices, its economics and industrial perspectives, requires a certain focus and selectivity of subjects. In this context the recent literature contained in this work will help readers arrive at comprehensive, in depth information on the role of fungi in agricultural food and feed technology.As a professional reference this book is targeted towards agri-food producer research establishments, government and academic units. Teachers and students, both in undergraduate and graduate studies, in departments of food science, food technology, food engineering, microbiology, applied molecular genetics and biotechnology will also find this work useful.
Book Synopsis Molecular and Genetic Perspectives of Cold Tolerance in Plants by : Yingfang Zhu
Download or read book Molecular and Genetic Perspectives of Cold Tolerance in Plants written by Yingfang Zhu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-11-25 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Thought and Emotion by : D. J. Bearison
Download or read book Thought and Emotion written by D. J. Bearison and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1985. The purpose of this book reflects the 1983 Piaget Society decision to contribute some ideas to a critical problem in psychology: how the structure and function of intelligence and affectivity are developmentally related. Although this is a fundamental question in psychology, it has largely been ignored at different periods in its history. With the maturing of the cognitive sciences in the past quarter of a century, there today is a recrudescence of interest in the ways in which affect influences cognition.
Book Synopsis Advances in Postharvest Pathology of Fruits and Vegetables by : Boqiang Li
Download or read book Advances in Postharvest Pathology of Fruits and Vegetables written by Boqiang Li and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-03 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fruits and vegetables are an important part of a healthy diet. However, one third of fruit and vegetables are lost after harvest every year. Most losses are caused by pathogen (mostly fungi) infections, which lead to postharvest decay. In addition, some postharvest fungal pathogens can produce toxic secondary metabolites (i.e. mycotoxins) during their infecting periods. Mycotoxin contamination may cause serious food safety issues. At present, the use of synthetic fungicides is still the main means to control postharvest diseases. However, the development of resistance in fungal pathogens to fungicides and the growing public concern over the health and environmental risks associated with high levels of pesticides in fruits and vegetables have urged researchers to develop alternative methods of disease control. A deeper understanding of the infecting mechanisms of postharvest pathogens will provide great insight into developing new controlling strategies.
Book Synopsis Bulletin - Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Missouri-Columbia by : University of Missouri--Columbia. Agricultural Experiment Station
Download or read book Bulletin - Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Missouri-Columbia written by University of Missouri--Columbia. Agricultural Experiment Station and published by . This book was released on 1925 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Annual Report of the Agricultural Experiment Station of Missouri by : Missouri. Agricultural experiment station, Columbia
Download or read book Annual Report of the Agricultural Experiment Station of Missouri written by Missouri. Agricultural experiment station, Columbia and published by . This book was released on 1911 with total page 1202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biological Controls for Preventing Food Deterioration by : Neeta Sharma
Download or read book Biological Controls for Preventing Food Deterioration written by Neeta Sharma and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-09-22 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various biotic factors cause diseases in crops, which result in food losses. Historically pesticide development has been instructive to us in terms of the benefits derived as well as the hazards that accompany their indiscriminate use. The application of fertilizers and pesticides to crops has become a norm in agricultural production, but this has led to resurgence in pests as they have developed resistance to such chemicals. Biological control of plant pests and pathogens is part of the solution to this problem. This is an area that continues to inspire research and development. It is also the foundation on which sustainable, non-polluting pest control for tomorrow’s farms must be built. Biological Controls for Preventing FoodDeterioration provides readers with options of non-chemical, eco-friendly, environmentally safe natural alternatives to prevent food from spoilage at pre- and postharvest stages. It covers the principles behind these techniques and their implementation. By integrating theory and practice, this book discusses the potential and associated problems in the development of non-chemical alternatives to protect food and addresses the common hurdles that need to be overcome to enable commercialization and registration of natural products for combating diseases. Focussing on plant foods, this timely book is unique in scope as it offers an international perspective on food deterioration caused by bacterial, fungal, viral, and mycotoxin contamination. It brings together highly respected scientists from differingyet complementary disciplines in one unified work that is important reading for food safety professionals, researchers and students.
