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Spatial And Temporal Dynamics Of Cyanotoxins And Their Relation To Other Water Quality Variables In Upper Klamath Lake Oregon 2007 09
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Book Synopsis Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Cyanotoxins and Their Relation to Other Water Quality Variables in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2007?09 by : Sara L. Caldwell Eldridge
Download or read book Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Cyanotoxins and Their Relation to Other Water Quality Variables in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2007?09 written by Sara L. Caldwell Eldridge and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-07-11 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phytoplankton blooms dominated by cyanobacteria that occur annually in hypereutrophic Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, produce microcystins at concentrations that may contribute to the decline in populations of endangered Lost River (Deltistes luxatus) and shortnose (Chasmistes brevirostris) suckers. During 2007–09, water samples were collected from Upper Klamath Lake to determine the presence and concentrations of microcystins and cylindrospermopsins and to relate the spatial and temporal occurrences of microcystins to water quality and other environmental variables.
Book Synopsis Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Cyanotoxins and Their Relation to Other Water Quality Variables in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2007-09 by : Sara L. Caldwell Eldridge
Download or read book Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Cyanotoxins and Their Relation to Other Water Quality Variables in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2007-09 written by Sara L. Caldwell Eldridge and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phytoplankton blooms dominated by cyanobacteria that occur annually in hypereutrophic Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, produce microcystins at concentrations that may contribute to the decline in populations of endangered Lost River (Deltistes luxatus) and shortnose (Chasmistes brevirostris) suckers. During 2007-09, water samples were collected from Upper Klamath Lake to determine the presence and concentrations of microcystins and cylindrospermopsins and to relate the spatial and temporal occurrences of microcystins to water quality and other environmental variables. Samples were analyzed for intracellular (particulate) and extracellular (dissolved) microcystins and cylindrospermopsins using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Samples contained the highest and most variable concentrations of microcystins in 2009, the year in which an earlier and heavier Aphanizomenon flos-aquae-dominated phytoplankton bloom occurred. Concentrations were lowest in 2008 when the bloom was lighter, overall, and delayed by nearly 1 month. Microcystins occurred primarily in dissolved and large (> 63 [micro]m) particulate forms in all years of the study, and overall, concentrations were highest at MDT (the deepest site in the study) and HDB, although HDB was sampled only in 2007 and MDT was not sampled in 2008. Comparisons among daily median total microcystin concentrations; chlorophyll a concentrations; total, dissolved, and particulate nutrient concentrations; and nutrient ratios measured in 2009 and between 2007 and 2009 indicate that microcystin concentrations generally increase following the decline of the first A. flos-aquae-dominated bloom of each season in response to an increase in bioavailable nitrogen and phosphorus. Nitrogen fixation by A. flos-aquae early in the sample season appears to provide new nitrogen for growth of toxigenic Microcystis aeruginosa, whereas, later in the season, these species appear to co-exist. Understanding the ecological interactions between these species may be important for predicting periods of elevated cyanotoxin concentrations and has important implications for management of this lake.
Book Synopsis Spatial and Temporal Variation in Cyanobacterial Population Dynamics and Microcystin Production in Eutrophic Lakes by :
Download or read book Spatial and Temporal Variation in Cyanobacterial Population Dynamics and Microcystin Production in Eutrophic Lakes written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toxic cyanobacterial blooms threaten freshwaters worldwide. We have learned much about the environmental factors promoting cyanobacterial success: high growth rates in increased water temperatures, predator avoidance, an ability to store nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), positive buoyancy, high affinity for inorganic carbon (C) and efficiency for converting bicarbonate to carbon dioxide (CO2), and the ability of some to fix dinitrogen (N2). However, the physiological and ecological role of cyanotoxins eludes us. Furthermore, complex population dynamics of toxic and non-toxic cyanobacterial strains confounds many ecosystem-based studies. Thus, our research has focused on describing spatial and temporal cyanobacterial population dynamics and cyanotoxin production in eutrophic lakes. Our results indicate that vertical heterogeneity in lakes is important for partitioning individual cyanobacterial taxa within the photic zone on short time scales (hourly-daily). However, on the time-scales that toxic blooms occur (days-weeks), physics likely plays a larger role in distributing cyanobacterial biomass and toxins throughout the epilimnion. Similarly, horizontal heterogeneity in lakes can be extremely patchy. We observed on daily time-scales, cyanotoxins could vary by orders of magnitude in different parts of the lake. Thus, toxic blooms are not evenly distributed horizontally or vertically in lakes on short time scales, but were also not significantly different beyond several days. Conversely, cyanobacterial communities and toxin concentrations changed significantly over the course of the open water season. Intra-annual changes in temperature, lake stratification, and nutrient concentrations had a profound impact on cyanobacterial community composition and measured toxin concentrations. In particular, inorganic nitrogen drawdown during stratification resulted in large N2 fixing Aphanizomenon blooms. Shortly thereafter, Microcystis abundance and microcystin concentrations increased significantly. Aphanizomenon and Microcystis were both abundant in the fall, but toxin concentrations decreased. Three Microcystis genotypes were abundant at different times of the year, suggesting they occupy different niches. We proposed that microcystin production was caused by N stress, particularly the rapid drawdown of ammonium, and present a metabolic model for regulation of microcystin synthesis in Microcystis. Together, these results have implications for lake management, public health, and modeling toxin production in eutrophic lakes.
Book Synopsis Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water by : Ingrid Chorus
Download or read book Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water written by Ingrid Chorus and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-03-08 with total page 701 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cyanobacterial toxins are among the hazardous substances most widely found in water. They occur naturally, but concentrations hazardous to human health are usually due to human activity. Therefore, to protect human health, managing lakes, reservoirs and rivers to prevent cyanobacterial blooms is critical. This second edition of Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water presents the current state of knowledge on the occurrence of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins as well as their impacts on health through water-related exposure pathways, chiefly drinking-water and recreational activity. It provides scientific and technical background information to support hazard identification, assessment and prioritisation of the risks posed by cyanotoxins, and it outlines approaches for their management at each step of the water-use system. It sets out key practical considerations for developing management strategies, implementing efficient measures and designing monitoring programmes. This enables stakeholders to evaluate whether there is a health risk from toxic cyanobacteria and to mitigate it with appropriate measures. This book is intended for those working on toxic cyanobacteria with a specific focus on public health protection. It intends to empower professionals from different disciplines to communicate and cooperate for sustainable management of toxic cyanobacteria, including public health workers, ecologists, academics, and catchment and waterbody managers. Ingrid Chorus headed the department for Drinking-Water and Swimming-Pool Hygiene at the German Environment Agency. Martin Welker is a limnologist and microbiologist, currently with bioMérieux in Lyon, France.
Book Synopsis Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms: State of the Science and Research Needs by : H. Kenneth Hudnell
Download or read book Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms: State of the Science and Research Needs written by H. Kenneth Hudnell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-03-13 with total page 955 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the ever-increasing incidence of harmful cyanobacterial algal blooms, this monograph has added urgency and will be essential reading for all sorts of researchers, from neuroscientists to cancer research specialists. The volume contains the proceedings of the 2005 International Symposium on Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms, and has been edited by H. Kenneth Hudnell, of the US Environmental Protection Agency. It contains much of the most recent research into the subject.
Book Synopsis Ecology of Cyanobacteria II by : Brian A. Whitton
Download or read book Ecology of Cyanobacteria II written by Brian A. Whitton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-05 with total page 753 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cyanobacteria have existed for 3.5 billion years, yet they are still the most important photosynthetic organisms on the planet for cycling carbon and nitrogen. The ecosystems where they have key roles range from the warmer oceans to many Antarctic sites. They also include dense nuisance growths in nutrient-rich lakes and nitrogen-fixers which aid the fertility of rice-fields and many soils, especially the biological soil crusts of arid regions. Molecular biology has in recent years provided major advances in our understanding of cyanobacterial ecology. Perhaps for more than any other group of organisms, it is possible to see how the ecology, physiology, biochemistry, ultrastructure and molecular biology interact. This all helps to deal with practical problems such as the control of nuisance blooms and the use of cyanobacterial inocula to manage semi-desert soils. Large-scale culture of several organisms, especially "Spirulina" (Arthrospira), for health food and specialist products is increasingly being expanded for a much wider range of uses. In view of their probable contribution to past oil deposits, much attention is currently focused on their potential as a source of biofuel. Please visit http://extras.springer.com/ to view Extra Materials belonging to this volume. This book complements the highly successful Ecology of Cyanobacteria and integrates the discoveries of the past twelve years with the older literature.
Book Synopsis Modeling Cyanotoxin Production, Fate and Transport in Surface Waterbodies by :
Download or read book Modeling Cyanotoxin Production, Fate and Transport in Surface Waterbodies written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cyanobacteria exist throughout the world and are frequently associated with forming toxic blooms. The toxins produced by cyanobacteria, cyanotoxins, are harmful to both humans and animals. Rising temperatures due to global climate change, increased nutrient loading, and other anthropogenic impacts on waterbodies are expected to increase the prevalence of cyanobacteria. It is vital that we protect our drinking water supplies and natural water resources. Modeling the production and movement of these toxins is an important step in limiting exposure to them and evaluating management strategies to mitigate their impact. Cyanotoxins are diverse and the conditions under which they are formed are variable and depend on species, strain, and environmental factors. The research provided here offers an overview of some of the environmental factors and cyanobacteria species that are associated with toxin production, and the research also presents preliminary models for the transport and fate of cyanotoxins. Cyanotoxins can be either intracellular or extracellular and a model for each was developed. The models were first tested using published data from laboratory experiments, and then the models were incorporated into the two-dimensional (longitudinal and vertical) hydrodynamic and water quality model CE-QUAL-W2. The toxin models were tested using a model of Henry Hagg Lake (Oregon). Additional research was done to improve the water quality predictions of the CE-QUAL-W2 model of Henry Hagg Lake that had previously been developed. This involved updating the model simulation period through the end of 2020 and calibrating the model to better match field data through the new simulation period. The preliminary models were able to capture similar dynamics as the published data from the laboratory experiments, but the toxin data available at Henry Hagg Lake was minimal so it was difficult to compare the model results to the field data using the CE-QUAL-W2 model. Four scenarios were conducted to test the functionality of the toxin models in CE-QUAL-W2. The predicted results from each test scenario matched expected outcomes based on the parameters used in each scenario. Further applications of the toxin models to other waterbodies with more consistent toxin data will help verify the accuracy of the preliminary models. In addition, further research of the environmental factors that affect toxin production is necessary to incorporate variable rates of toxin dynamics. While the simulations of the Henry Hagg Lake CE-QUAL-W2 model closely match the field data for many water quality parameters, additional calibration of the model is required to refine the results. The preliminary models should provide a framework to develop more specific models through continued research of cyanotoxins.
Book Synopsis Aerial Photographs and Satellite Images by :
Download or read book Aerial Photographs and Satellite Images written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Eco-Evolutionary Dynamics written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-08-12 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theme of this volume is to discuss Eco-evolutionary Dynamics. - Updates and informs the reader on the latest research findings - Written by leading experts in the field - Highlights areas for future investigation
Book Synopsis The Klamath Project by : Eric A. Stene
Download or read book The Klamath Project written by Eric A. Stene and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Harmful Cyanobacteria by : Jef Huisman
Download or read book Harmful Cyanobacteria written by Jef Huisman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-06-15 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This outstanding volume provides an up-to-date overview of the advances in our knowledge of harmful cyanobacteria. An essential reference for all scientists and environmental professionals interested in cyanobacterial ecology and water management.
Book Synopsis Ecology of Harmful Algae by : E. Granéli
Download or read book Ecology of Harmful Algae written by E. Granéli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-04 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Harmful algal can cause a variety of deleterious effects, including the poisoning of fish and shellfish, habitat disruptions for many organisms, water discoloration, beach fouling, and even toxic effects for humans. In this volume, international experts provide an in-depth analysis of harmful algae topics and offer a comprehensive synthesis of the latest research in the field.
Book Synopsis Water Treatment for Purification from Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins by : Anastasia E. Hiskia
Download or read book Water Treatment for Purification from Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins written by Anastasia E. Hiskia and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-09-28 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive overview of key methods for treating water tainted by cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins Toxigenic cyanobacteria are one of the main health risks associated with water resources. Consequently, the analysis, control, and removal of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins from water supplies is a high priority research area. This book presents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art research on water treatment methods for the removal of cyanobacteria, taste and odor compounds, and cyanotoxins. Starting with an introduction to the subject, Water Treatment for Purification from Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins offers chapters on cyanotoxins and human health, conventional physical-chemical treatment for the removal of cyanobacteria/cyanotoxins, removal of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins by membrane processes, biological treatment for the destruction of cyanotoxins, and conventional disinfection and/or oxidation processes. Other chapters look at advanced oxidation processes, removal/destruction of taste and odour compounds, transformation products of cyanobacterial metabolites during treatment and integrated drinking water processes. Provides a comprehensive overview of key methods for treating water tainted by cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins Bridges the gap between basic knowledge of cyanobacteria/cyanotoxins and practical management guidelines Includes integrated processes case studies and real-life examples Developed within the frame of the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST)–funded CYANOCOST A must-have resource for every water treatment plant, Water Treatment for Purification from Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins is a valuable resource for all researchers in water chemistry and engineering, environmental chemistry as well as water companies and authorities, water resource engineers and managers, environmental and public health protection organizations.
Book Synopsis Algal Biorefinery: An Integrated Approach by : Debabrata Das
Download or read book Algal Biorefinery: An Integrated Approach written by Debabrata Das and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-30 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book critically discusses different aspects of algal production systems and several of the drawbacks related to microalgal biomass production, namely, low biomass yield, and energy-consuming harvesting, dewatering, drying and extraction processes. These provide a background to the state-of-the-art technologies for algal cultivation, CO2 sequestration, and large-scale application of these systems. In order to tap the commercial potential of algae, a biorefinery concept has been proposed that could help to extract maximum benefits from algal biomass. This refinery concept promotes the harvesting of multiple products from the feedstock so as to make the process economically attractive. For the last few decades, algal biomass has been explored for use in various products such as fuel, agricultural crops, pigments and pharmaceuticals, as well as in bioremediation. To meet the huge demand, there has been a focus on large-scale production of algal biomass in closed or open photobioreactors. Different nutritional conditions for algal growth have been explored, such as photoautotrophic, heterotrophic, mixotrophic and oleaginous. This book is aimed at a wide audience, including undergraduates, postgraduates, academics, energy researchers, scientists in industry, energy specialists, policy makers and others who wish to understand algal biorefineries and also keep abreast of the latest developments.
Book Synopsis Managed Aquifer Recharge for Water Resilience by : Peter Dillon
Download or read book Managed Aquifer Recharge for Water Resilience written by Peter Dillon and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-04-01 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a hard copy of the editorial and all the papers in a Special Issue of the peer-reviewed open access journal ‘Water’ on the theme ‘Managed Aquifer Recharge for Water Resilience’. Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is the purposeful recharge of water to aquifers for subsequent recovery or environmental benefit. MAR is increasingly used to make water supplies resilient to drought, climate change and deteriorating water quality, and to protect ecosystems from declining groundwater levels. Global MAR has grown exponentially to 10 cu.km/year and will increase ten-fold within a few decades. Well informed hydrogeologists, engineers and water quality scientists are needed to ensure that this investment is effective in meeting increasingly pressing needs. This compilation contains lessons from many examples of existing projects, including several national and continental summaries. It also addresses the elements essential for identifying and advancing projects such as mapping aquifer suitability and opportunities, policy matters, operational issues, and some innovations in MAR methods and monitoring. This collection exemplifies the state of progress in the science and practice of MAR and is intended to be useful, at least to water managers, water utilities, agricultural water users and urban planners, to facilitate water resilience through new MAR projects.
Book Synopsis Reservoir Fish Habitat Management by : Leandro Miranda
Download or read book Reservoir Fish Habitat Management written by Leandro Miranda and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-02 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook on Characterization of Biomass, Biowaste and Related By-products by : Ange Nzihou
Download or read book Handbook on Characterization of Biomass, Biowaste and Related By-products written by Ange Nzihou and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-17 with total page 1394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides authoritative information, techniques and data necessary for the appropriate understanding of biomass and biowaste (understood as contaminated biomass) composition and behaviour while processed in various conditions and technologies. Numerous techniques for characterizing biomass, biowaste and by-product streams exist in literature. However, there lacks a reference book where these techniques are gathered in a single book, although such information is in increasingly high demand. This handbook provides a wealth of characterization methods, protocols, standards, databases and references relevant to various biomass, biowaste materials and by-products. It specifically addresses sampling and preconditioning methods, extraction techniques of elements and molecules, as well as biochemical, mechanical and thermal characterization methods. Furthermore, advanced and innovative methods under development are highlighted. The characterization will allow the analysis, identification and quantification of molecules and species including biomass feedstocks and related conversion products. The characterization will also provide insight into physical, mechanical and thermal properties of biomass and biowaste as well as the resulting by-products.
