Soviet Occupation Of Romania Hungary And Austria 1944 45 1948 49

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Soviet Occupation of Romania, Hungary, and Austria 1944/45?1948/49

Author : Csaba Bekes
Publisher : Central European University Press
ISBN 13 : 963386075X
Total Pages : 405 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (338 download)

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Book Synopsis Soviet Occupation of Romania, Hungary, and Austria 1944/45?1948/49 by : Csaba Bekes

Download or read book Soviet Occupation of Romania, Hungary, and Austria 1944/45?1948/49 written by Csaba Bekes and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2015-08-30 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book compares the various aspects ? political, military economic ? of Soviet occupation in Austria, Hungary and Romania. Using documents found in Austrian, Hungarian, Romanian and Russian archives the authors argue that the nature of Soviet foreign policy has been misunderstood. Existing literature has focused on the Soviet foreign policy from a political perspective; when and why Stalin made the decision to introduce Bolshevik political systems in the Soviet sphere of influence. This book will show that the Soviet conquest of East-Central Europe had an imperial dimension as well and allowed the Soviet Union to use the territory it occupied as military and economic space. The final dimension of the book details the tragically human experiences of Soviet occupation: atrocities, rape, plundering and deportations.

Soviet Occupation of Romania, Hungary, and Austria 1944/45–1948/49

Author : Csaba Békés
Publisher : Central European University Press
ISBN 13 : 9633862299
Total Pages : 405 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (338 download)

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Book Synopsis Soviet Occupation of Romania, Hungary, and Austria 1944/45–1948/49 by : Csaba Békés

Download or read book Soviet Occupation of Romania, Hungary, and Austria 1944/45–1948/49 written by Csaba Békés and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2015-07-10 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book compares the various aspects – political, military economic – of Soviet occupation in Austria, Hungary and Romania. Using documents found in Austrian, Hungarian, Romanian and Russian archives the authors argue that the nature of Soviet foreign policy has been misunderstood. Existing literature has focused on the Soviet foreign policy from a political perspective; when and why Stalin made the decision to introduce Bolshevik political systems in the Soviet sphere of influence. This book will show that the Soviet conquest of East-Central Europe had an imperial dimension as well and allowed the Soviet Union to use the territory it occupied as military and economic space. The final dimension of the book details the tragically human experiences of Soviet occupation: atrocities, rape, plundering and deportations.

Ireland's Helping Hand to Europe

Author : Jérôme aan de Wiel
Publisher : Central European University Press
ISBN 13 : 9633864100
Total Pages : 572 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (338 download)

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Book Synopsis Ireland's Helping Hand to Europe by : Jérôme aan de Wiel

Download or read book Ireland's Helping Hand to Europe written by Jérôme aan de Wiel and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2021-09-14 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Post-war Marshall Plan aid to Europe and indeed Ireland is well documented, but practically nothing is known about simultaneous Irish aid to Europe. This book provides a full record of the aid – mainly food but also clothes, blankets, medicines, etc. – that Ireland donated to continental Europe, including France, the Netherlands, Hungary, the Balkans, Italy, and zones of occupied Germany. Starting with Ireland’s neutral wartime record, often wrongly presented as pro-German when Ireland in fact unofficially favoured the western Allies, Jerome aan de Wiel explains why Éamon de Valera’s government sent humanitarian aid to the devastated continent. His book analyses the logistics of collection and distribution of supplies sent abroad as far as the Greek islands. Despite some alleged Cold-War hijacking of Irish relief – and this humanitarianism was not above the politics of that East-West confrontation – it became mostly a story of hope, generosity and European Christian solidarity. Rich archival records from Ireland and the European beneficiary countries, as well as contemporary local and national newspapers across Europe, allow the author to measure and describe not only the official but also the popular response to Irish relief schemes. This work is illustrated with contemporary photographs and some key graphs and tables that show the extent of the aid programme.

Wars and Betweenness

Author : Bojan Aleksov
Publisher : Central European University Press
ISBN 13 : 9633863368
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (338 download)

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Book Synopsis Wars and Betweenness by : Bojan Aleksov

Download or read book Wars and Betweenness written by Bojan Aleksov and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-15 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The region between the Baltic and the Black Sea was marked by a set of crises and conflicts in the 1920s and 1930s, demonstrating the diplomatic, military, economic or cultural engagement of France, Germany, Russia, Britain, Italy and Japan in this highly volatile region, and critically damaging the fragile post-Versailles political arrangement. The editors, in naming this region as "Middle Europe" seek to revive the symbolic geography of the time and accentuate its position, situated between Big Powers and two World Wars. The ten case studies in this book combine traditional diplomatic history with a broader emphasis on the geopolitical aspects of Big-Power rivalry to understand the interwar period. The essays claim that the European Big Powers played a key role in regional affairs by keeping the local conflicts and national movements under control and by exploiting the region's natural resources and military dependencies, while at the same time strengthening their prestige through cultural penetration and the cultivation of client networks. The authors, however, want to avoid the simplistic view that the Big Powers fully dominated the lesser players on the European stage. The relationship was indeed hierarchical, but the essays also reveal how the "small states" manipulated Big-Power disagreements, highlighting the limits of the latters' leverage throughout the 1920s and the 1930s.

Allied Internment Camps in Occupied Germany

Author : Andrew H. Beattie
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108487637
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Allied Internment Camps in Occupied Germany by : Andrew H. Beattie

Download or read book Allied Internment Camps in Occupied Germany written by Andrew H. Beattie and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-31 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines how all four Allied powers interned alleged Nazis without trial in camps only recently liberated from Nazi control.

A Cold War over Austria

Author : Gerald Stourzh
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 1498587879
Total Pages : 594 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis A Cold War over Austria by : Gerald Stourzh

Download or read book A Cold War over Austria written by Gerald Stourzh and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2018-11-12 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study provides a comprehensive examination of the East–West occupation of Austria from the end of World War II to the signing of the Austrian State Treaty in 1955. Examining US, Soviet, British, French, and Austrian sources, the authors trace the complex negotiation process that led to the signing of the treaty.

Parties as Governments in Eurasia, 1913–1991

Author : Ivan Sablin
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000608468
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Parties as Governments in Eurasia, 1913–1991 by : Ivan Sablin

Download or read book Parties as Governments in Eurasia, 1913–1991 written by Ivan Sablin and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-08-15 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the political parties which emerged on the territories of the former Ottoman, Qing, Russian, and Habsburg empires and not only took over government power but merged with government itself. It discusses how these parties, disillusioned with previous constitutional and parliamentary reforms, justified their takeovers with programs of controlled or supervised economic and social development, including acting as the mediators between the various social and ethnic groups in the respective territories. It pays special attention to nation-building through the party, to institutions (both constitutional and de facto), and to the global and comparative aspects of one-party regimes. It explores the origins of one-party regimes in China, Czechoslovakia, Korea, the Soviet Union, Turkey, Yugoslavia, and beyond, the roles of socialism and nationalism in the parties’ approaches to development and state-building, as well the pedagogical aspirations of the ruling elites. Hence, by revisiting the dynamics of the transition from the earlier imperial formations via constitutionalism to one-party governments, and by assessing the internal and external dynamics of one-party regimes after their establishment, the book more precisely locates this type of regime within the contemporary world’s political landscape. Moreover, it emphasises that one-party regimes thrived on both sides of the Cold War and in some of the non-aligned states, and that although some state socialist one-party regimes collapsed in 1989–1991, in other places historically dominant parties and new parties have continued to monopolize political power. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

French and Soviet Musical Diplomacies in Post-War Austria, 1945-1955

Author : Alexander Golovlev
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000827763
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis French and Soviet Musical Diplomacies in Post-War Austria, 1945-1955 by : Alexander Golovlev

Download or read book French and Soviet Musical Diplomacies in Post-War Austria, 1945-1955 written by Alexander Golovlev and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-30 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: French and Soviet Musical Diplomacies in Post-War Austria, 1945-1955 investigates how promoting 'national' music and musicians was used as an important asset by France and the USSR in post-Nazi Austria, covering music’s role in international relations at various levels, within changing power frameworks. Bridging international relations, musical sociology, media studies, and Cold War history, four incisive chapters examine the crossroads of Soviet, French, and Austrian cultural politics and discourse-building, presented in two parts - institutions of musical diplomacy: Soviet and French cultural diplomats in comparison; sounds of music coming to Austria: Soviet and French musicians on tour. Using a communication- and media-oriented approach, this study casts new light, firstly, on the interpretative power of 'receiving' publics and, secondly, on the role of cultural transmitters at different levels. This is a valuable study for those specialising in Russian and East European music and music and politics. It will also appeal to cultural historians and all those interested in the intersections between music, international relations, and Cold War history.

Hungary's Cold War

Author : Csaba Békés
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469667495
Total Pages : 415 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis Hungary's Cold War by : Csaba Békés

Download or read book Hungary's Cold War written by Csaba Békés and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2022-05-03 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this magisterial and pathbreaking work, Csaba Bekes shares decades of his research to provide a sweeping examination of Hungary's international relations with both the Soviet Bloc and the West from the end of World War II to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. Unlike many studies of the global Cold War that focus on East-West relationships—often from the vantage point of the West—Bekes grounds his work in the East, drawing on little-used, non-English sources. As such, he offers a new and sweeping Cold War narrative using Hungary as a case study, demonstrating that the East-Central European states have played a much more important role in shaping both the Soviet bloc's overall policy and the East-West relationship than previously assumed. Similarly, he shows how the relationship between Moscow and its allies, as well as among the bloc countries, was much more complex than it appeared to most observers in the East and the West alike.

Romania's Holy War

Author : Grant T. Harward
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501759973
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Romania's Holy War by : Grant T. Harward

Download or read book Romania's Holy War written by Grant T. Harward and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2021-11-15 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Romania's Holy War rights the widespread myth that Romania was a reluctant member of the Axis during World War II. In correcting this fallacy, Grant T. Harward shows that, of an estimated 300,000 Jews who perished in Romania and Romanian-occupied Ukraine, more than 64,000 were, in fact, killed by Romanian soldiers. Moreover, the Romanian Army conducted a brutal campaign in German-occupied Ukraine, resulting in the deaths of thousands of Soviet prisoners of war, partisans, and civilians. Investigating why Romanian soldiers fought and committed such atrocities, Harward argues that strong ideology—a cocktail of nationalism, religion, antisemitism, and anticommunism—undergirded their motivation. Romania's Holy War draws on official military records, wartime periodicals, soldiers' diaries and memoirs, subsequent war crimes investigations, and recent interviews with veterans to tell the full story. Harward integrates the Holocaust into the narrative of military operations to show that most soldiers fully supported the wartime dictator, General Ion Antonescu, and his regime's holy war against "Judeo-Bolshevism." The army perpetrated mass reprisals, targeting Jews in liberated Romanian territory; supported the deportation and concentration of Jews in camps or ghettos in Romanian-occupied Soviet territory; and played a key supporting role in SS efforts to exterminate Jews in German-occupied Soviet territory. Harward proves that Romania became Nazi Germany's most important ally in the war against the USSR because its soldiers were highly motivated, thus overturning much of what we thought we knew about this theater of war. Romania's Holy War provides the first complete history of why Romanian soldiers fought on the Eastern Front.

Breaking Down Bipolarity

Author : Martin Previšić
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110658976
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Breaking Down Bipolarity by : Martin Previšić

Download or read book Breaking Down Bipolarity written by Martin Previšić and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-10-04 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is aimed at presenting fresh views, interpretations, and reinterpretations of some already researched issues relating to the Yugoslav foreign policy and international relations up to year 1991. Yugoslavia positioned itself as a communist state that was not under the heel of the Soviet diplomacy and policy and as such was perceived by the West as an acceptable partner and useful tool in counteracting the Soviet influence.

The Concept of Neutrality in Stalin's Foreign Policy, 1945–1953

Author : Peter Ruggenthaler
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 1498517447
Total Pages : 443 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis The Concept of Neutrality in Stalin's Foreign Policy, 1945–1953 by : Peter Ruggenthaler

Download or read book The Concept of Neutrality in Stalin's Foreign Policy, 1945–1953 written by Peter Ruggenthaler and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2015-07-02 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on recently declassified Soviet archival sources, this book sheds new light on how the division of Europe came about in the aftermath of World War II. The book contravenes the notion that a neutral zone of states, including Germany, could have been set up between East and West. The Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin was determined to preserve control over its own sphere of German territory. By tracing Stalin's attitude toward neutrality in international politics, the book provides important insights into the origins of the Cold War.

The Waffen-SS

Author : Jochen Böhler
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198790554
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis The Waffen-SS by : Jochen Böhler

Download or read book The Waffen-SS written by Jochen Böhler and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first systematic pan-European study of the hundreds of thousands of non-Germans who fought - either voluntarily or under different kinds of pressures - for the Waffen-SS (or auxiliary police formations operating in the occupied East). Building on the findings of regional studies by other scholars - many of them included in this volume - The Waffen-SS aims to arrive at a fuller picture of those non-German citizens (from Eastern as well as Western Europe) who served under the SS flag. Where did the non-Germans in the SS come from (socially, geographically, and culturally)? What motivated them? What do we know about the practicalities of international collaboration in war and genocide, in terms of everyday life, language, and ideological training? Did a common transnational identity emerge as a result of shared ideological convictions or experiences of extreme violence? In order to address these questions (and others), The Waffen-SS adopts an approach that does justice to the complexity of the subject, adding a more nuanced, empirically sound understanding of collaboration in Europe during World War II, while also seeking to push the methodological boundaries of the historiographical genre of perpetrator studies by adopting a transnational approach.

Prisoners of War

Author : Bob Moore
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192576801
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Prisoners of War by : Bob Moore

Download or read book Prisoners of War written by Bob Moore and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-04-14 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Second World War between the European Axis powers and the Allies saw more than twenty million soldiers taken as prisoners of war. While this total is inflated by the unconditional surrender of all German forces in Europe on 8 May 1945, it nonetheless highlights the fact that captivity was one of the most common experiences for all those in uniform - even more common than frontline service. Despite this, and the huge literature on so many aspects of the war, prisoner of war histories have remained a separate and sometimes isolated element in the wider national chronicles of the conflict constructed in the post war era. Prisoners of every nationality had their own narratives of military service and captivity. While it is impossible to encompass their collective histories, let alone the individual experiences of all twenty million prisoners in a single volume, Bob Moore uses a series of case studies to highlight the key elements involved and to introduce, analyse, and refine some of the major debates that have arisen in the existing historiography. The study is divided into three broad sections: captivity in Eastern and Western Europe during the war itself, comparative studies of specific categories of prisoners, and the repatriation and reintegration of prisoners after the war.

Capitalism in Chaos

Author : Máté Rigó
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501764667
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Capitalism in Chaos by : Máté Rigó

Download or read book Capitalism in Chaos written by Máté Rigó and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2022-08-15 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capitalism in Chaos explores an often-overlooked consequence and paradox of the First World War—the prosperity of business elites and bankers in service of the war effort during the destruction of capital and wealth by belligerent armies. This study of business life amid war and massive geopolitical changes follows industrialists and policymakers in Central Europe as the region became crucially important for German and subsequently French plans of economic and geopolitical expansion in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Based on extensive research in sixteen archives, five languages, and four states, Máté Rigó demonstrates that wartime destruction and the birth of "war millionaires" were two sides of the same coin. Despite the recent centenaries of the Great War and the Versailles peace treaties, knowledge of the overall impact of war and border changes on business life remains sporadic, based on scant statistics and misleading national foci. Consequently, most histories remain wedded to the viewpoint of national governments and commercial connections across national borders. Capitalism in Chaos changes the static historical perspective by presenting Europe's East as the economic engine of the continent. Rigó accomplishes this paradigm shift by focusing on both supranational regions—including East-Central and Western Europe—as well as the eastern and western peripheries of Central Europe, Alsace-Lorraine and Transylvania, from the 1870s until the 1920s. As a result, Capitalism in Chaos offers a concrete, lively history of economics during major world crises, with a contemporary consciousness toward inequality and disparity during a time of collapse.

Romania and the Quest for European Identity

Author : Cristian Cercel
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317061721
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Romania and the Quest for European Identity by : Cristian Cercel

Download or read book Romania and the Quest for European Identity written by Cristian Cercel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-03-15 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the largely positive representations of Romanian Germans predominating in post-1989 Romanian society, this book shows that the underlying reasons for German prestige are strongly connected with Romania’s endeavors to become European. The election, in 2014, of Klaus Iohannis as Romania’s president was hailed as evidence that the country chose a 'European’ future: that Iohannis belonged to Romania’s tiny German minority was also considered to have played a part in his success. Cercel argues that representations of Germans in Romania, descendants of twelfth-century and eighteenth-century colonists, become actually a symbolic resource for asserting but also questioning Romania’s European identity. Such representations link Romania’s much-desired European belonging with German presence, whilst German absence is interpreted as a sign of veering away from Europe. Investigating this case of discursive "self-colonization" and this apparent symbolic embrace of the German Other in Romania, the book offers a critical study of the discourses associated with Romania’s postcommunist "Europeanization" to contribute a better understanding of contemporary West-East relationships in the European context. This fresh and insightful approach will interest postgraduates and scholars interested in Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe and in German minorities outside Germany. It should also appeal to scholars of memory studies and those interested in the study of otherness in general.

Perestroika and the Party

Author : Francesco Di Palma
Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 1805393901
Total Pages : 510 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis Perestroika and the Party by : Francesco Di Palma

Download or read book Perestroika and the Party written by Francesco Di Palma and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2019-08-01 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Countless studies have assessed the dramatic reforms of Mikhail Gorbachev, but their analysis of the impact on European communism has focused overwhelmingly on the Soviet Union and Eastern bloc nations. This ambitious collection takes a much broader view, reconstructing and evaluating the historical trajectories of glasnost and perestroika on both sides of the Iron Curtain. Moving beyond domestic politics and foreign relations narrowly defined, the research gathered here constitutes a transnational survey of these reforms’ collective impact, showing how they were variably received and implemented, and how they shaped the prospects for “proletarian internationalism” in diverse political contexts.