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Solid Phase Extraction As Sample Preparation For Bioassay Based Micropollutant Quantification
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Book Synopsis Solid-phase Extraction as Sample Preparation for Bioassay-based Micropollutant Quantification by : Chen Feng
Download or read book Solid-phase Extraction as Sample Preparation for Bioassay-based Micropollutant Quantification written by Chen Feng and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid phase extraction (SPE) using chemically bonded silica particles or small particles of an organic polymer resin, is being studied extensively for extraction of polar or non-polar compounds from various water matrices. This study focused on the evaluation of the performance of three commercial cartridges belonging to three different groups: reversed-phase, mixed-mode anion exchanger and mixed-mode cation exchanger. In the first stage of research, the performance of three cartridges was compared by extracting four antibiotics with different physic-chemical properties from water samples. The results obtained from column sorption experiments were plotted into breakthrough curves and batch equilibrium experiments results were fitted into Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Based on the parameters obtained from these plots, Oasis MCX was determined to be the best cartridges of the three for various analyte extractions. The recovery efficiency of each cartridge was studied by eluting the sorbent with acetone. The recovery of LC-18 sorbent was between 72% ̃104% depending on the compounds, while both Oasis MAX and MCX cartridge can achieve approximately 100% recoveries. In the second stage of the study two bioassays and HPLC analysis were used to evaluate the influence of different background water matrices on the performance of the SPE sorbents to extract known amount of estradiol from surface water and wastewater samples. Finally the quality of surface water and wastewater was examined in Ames assay and YES assay with samples pre-concentrated by Oasis MCX cartridge. No mutagenicity (determined by the Ames assay) and estrogenicity (determined by YES assay) were found in the raw water samples and SPE treated samples. With the assistance of bioassays and HPLC analysis, it was demonstrated that surface water has a minor influence on the recovery of Oasis MCX sorbent. However, the recovery of MCX sorbent decreased to 84.65% when wastewater was used as the background matrix. The work determined that Oasis MCX was the ideal sorbent for sample extraction in different water matrices.
Book Synopsis Solid-Phase Extraction by : Colin F. Poole
Download or read book Solid-Phase Extraction written by Colin F. Poole and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-09-12 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid Phase Extraction thoroughly presents both new and historic techniques for dealing with solid phase extraction. It provides all information laboratory scientists need for choosing and utilizing suitable sample preparation procedures for any kind of sample. In addition, the book showcases the contemporary uses of sample preparation techniques in the most important industrial and academic project environments, including solid-phase Microextraction, molecularly imprinted polymers, magnetic nanoparticles, and more. Written by recognized experts in their respective fields, this one-stop reference is ideal for those who need to know which technique to choose for solid phase extraction. Used in conjunction with a similar release, Liquid Phase Extraction, this book allows users to master this crucial aspect of sample preparation. - Defines the current state-of-the-art in extraction techniques and the methods and procedures for implementing them in laboratory practice - Includes extensive referencing that facilitates the identification of key information - Aimed at both entry-level scientists and those who want to explore new techniques and methods
Book Synopsis Solid-Phase Extraction by : Ben Benson
Download or read book Solid-Phase Extraction written by Ben Benson and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conventional sample preparation techniques like solid phase extraction and liquid-liquid extraction prove to be tedious, time-consuming and oftentimes cumbersome. As a result, new sample techniques have been developed based on the two methods to optimize solvent consumption, miniaturize extraction and decrease environmental impact. In Solid-Phase Extraction: Procedure, Applications and Effects, the authors explore the recent developments and applications of solid phase microextraction techniques used in the preconcentration of personal care products.Following this, this collection addresses the use of chemical compounds for agriculture purposes which can cause the contamination of the environment. These contaminants can remain in the plant and soil or migrate from soil to water. As such, the authors suggest that the detection and quantification of pesticide residues in waters is of great concern.Membrane disk solid-phase extraction have been used to pretreat large-volume water samples because their large cross-section areas allow relatively high flow rates. Solid-phase extraction disks maintain their shape from the pretreatment process to the assaying step, making them useful for wet analyses as well as direct analyses.The closing chapter examines the development of the used solid-phase extraction sorbents since the introduction of the technique until today. Sample preparation always plays a key role in the chemical analysis of a variety of matrices and is the most time-consuming and complicated step of the entire analytical procedure.
Book Synopsis Solid Phase Extraction: State of the Art and Future Perspectives by : Victoria Samanidou
Download or read book Solid Phase Extraction: State of the Art and Future Perspectives written by Victoria Samanidou and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of 13 innovative papers describing the state of the art and the future perspectives in solid-phase extraction covering several analytical fields prior to the use of gas or liquid chromatographic analysis. New sorptive materials are presented including carbon nanohorn suprastructures on paper support, melamine sponge functionalized with urea–formaldehyde co-oligomers, chiral metal–organic frameworks, UiO-66-based metal–organic frameworks, and fabric phase sorptive media for various applications. Solid-phase extraction can be applied in several formats aside from the conventional cartridges or mini-column approach, e.g., online solid-phase extraction, dispersive solid-phase microextraction, and in-syringe micro-solid-phase extraction can be very helpful for analyte pre-concentration and sample clean-up. Polycyclic musks in aqueous samples, 8-Nitroguanine in DNA by chemical derivatization antibacterial diterpenes from the roots of salvia prattii, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in aater samples by bamboo charcoal-based SPE, parabens in environmental water samples, benzotriazoles as environmental pollutants, organochlorine pesticide residues in various fruit juices and water samples and synthetic peptide purification are among the applications cited in this collection. All these outstanding contributions highlight the necessity of this analytical step, present the advantages and disadvantages of each method and focus on the green analytical chemistry guidelines that have to be fulfilled in current analytical practices.
Book Synopsis Solid Phase Extraction in Sample Preparation by : DIANE Publishing Company
Download or read book Solid Phase Extraction in Sample Preparation written by DIANE Publishing Company and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1994-10 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed to assist with specific extraction requirements. Contains over a thousand references to the use of Solid Phase Extraction in sample preparation, including method sheets, peer-reviewed articles, and surveys. Includes: analyte by compound, analyte by class, and reference table.
Book Synopsis Forensic and Clinical Applications of Solid Phase Extraction by : Michael J. Telepchak
Download or read book Forensic and Clinical Applications of Solid Phase Extraction written by Michael J. Telepchak and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-04-28 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This complete laboratory reference manual explains the principles behind solid phase extraction (SPE) and provides readily reproducible protocols for solving extraction problems in forensic and clinical chemistry. Numerous actual chromatograms, based on original research and diverse applications, demonstrate the technique and the results that can be achieved. Extensive appendices allow fast access to frequently needed information on reagents, the preparation of solutions and buffers, milliequivalent and millimode calculations, buffers and pKa for SPE, and a complete RapidTrace® technical manual. Each proven protocol is described in step-by-step detail and contains an introduction outlining the principle behind the technique, lists of equipment and reagents, and tips on troubleshooting and on avoiding known pitfalls.
Book Synopsis Liquid-Phase Extraction by : Colin F. Poole
Download or read book Liquid-Phase Extraction written by Colin F. Poole and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-08-29 with total page 818 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquid Phase Extraction thoroughly presents both existing and new techniques in liquid phase extraction. It not only provides all information laboratory scientists need for choosing and utilizing suitable sample preparation procedures for any kind of sample, but also showcases the contemporary uses of sample preparation techniques in the most important industrial and academic project environments, including countercurrent chromatography, pressurized-liquid extraction, single-drop Microextraction, and more. Written by recognized experts in their respective fields, it serves as a one-stop reference for those who need to know which technique to choose for liquid phase extraction. Used in conjunction with a similar release, Solid Phase Extraction, it allows users to master this crucial aspect of sample preparation. - Defines the current state-of-the-art in extraction techniques and the methods and procedures for implementing them in laboratory practice - Includes extensive referencing that facilitates the identification of key information - Aimed at both entry-level scientists and those who want to explore new techniques and methods
Book Synopsis Solid Phase Microextraction as a Sample Preparation Tool for Targeted and Untargeted Analysis of Biological Matrices by : Nathaly Reyes-Garcés
Download or read book Solid Phase Microextraction as a Sample Preparation Tool for Targeted and Untargeted Analysis of Biological Matrices written by Nathaly Reyes-Garcés and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Successful determination of small molecules in complex biological systems requires implementation of robust analytical methodologies able to provide reliable information in a cost-effective and efficient manner. Solid phase microextraction (SPME) is a versatile, non-exhaustive sample preparation tool that has been demonstrated to be well-suited for facile analysis of biological matrices such as plasma, blood, and tissue. In SPME, a small amount of extraction phase immobilized on a solid support is utilized for the extraction of analytes of interest, either from the sample headspace or by direct immersion of the fiber in the matrix of choice. For the analysis of non-volatile compounds in complex biological matrices, SPME coatings made of sorbents embedded in a biocompatible binder (e.g. polyacrylonitrile (PAN)) are directly immersed into the sample under study for a defined period of time so as to allow for sufficient and reproducible extraction of analytes. The main advantages of such coating materials rely on their ability to provide high selectivity for extraction of small molecules; their aptness for immobilization in different support geometries; their inertness and robustness, which even enables their reusability in complex biological matrices; and their suitability towards in vivo extractions. In view of these advantages, the body of this doctoral thesis presents novel applications and developments of SPME for both targeted and untargeted analysis of different biological matrices such as biofluids and brain tissue. The first part of the research conducted for this thesis encompasses the application of SPME in thin-film format for high throughput determination of multiple prohibited substances in plasma. A biocompatible SPME extraction phase made of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) particles immobilized with PAN was employed for extractions, demonstrating satisfactory extraction capabilities for 25 compounds of a wide range of polarities (logP from -2 to 6.8). By taking full advantage of the 96 thin-film handling capability of the automated system, a preparation time of approximately 1.5 min per sample can be achieved. Rewarding results in terms of absolute matrix effects were found for the majority of the studied analytes, given that 24 out of 25 compounds exhibited values in the range 100 - 120%. The method was validated in terms of linearity (R2> 0.99), inter and intra-day accuracy (85 - 130%) and precision (
Book Synopsis Solid-phase Extraction Based Sample Preparation for the Determination of Drug and Organic Pollutant Residues by : Bellah Oreeditse Pule
Download or read book Solid-phase Extraction Based Sample Preparation for the Determination of Drug and Organic Pollutant Residues written by Bellah Oreeditse Pule and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Solid Phase Extraction for Sample Preparation by : Morris Zief
Download or read book Solid Phase Extraction for Sample Preparation written by Morris Zief and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A New Paradigm for Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology by : Guibin Jiang
Download or read book A New Paradigm for Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology written by Guibin Jiang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-09 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides comprehensive coverage of the theoretical developments and technological breakthroughs that have deepened our understanding of environmental pollution and human health, while also promoting a comprehensive strategy to address these problems. The respective chapters highlight groundbreaking concepts fueling the development of environmental chemistry and toxicology; revolutionary analytical and computational approaches providing novel insights into environmental health; and nature-inspired, innovative engineering solutions for tackling complex hazardous exposures. The book also features a forward-looking perspective on emerging environmental issues that call for new research and regulatory paradigms, laying the groundwork for future advances in the broad field of environmental chemistry and toxicology. Written by respected authorities in the field, A New Paradigm for Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology - From Concepts to Insights will offer an invaluable reference guide for concerned researchers and professional practitioners for years to come.
Book Synopsis Bioanalytical Tools in Water Quality Assessment by : Beate Escher
Download or read book Bioanalytical Tools in Water Quality Assessment written by Beate Escher and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2011-12-15 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part of Water Quality Set - Buy all four books and save over 30% on buying separately! Bioanalytical Tools in Water Quality Assessment reviews the application of bioanalytical tools to the assessment of water quality including surveillance monitoring. The types of water included range from wastewater to drinking water, including recycled water, as well as treatment processes and advanced water treatment. Bioanalytical Tools in Water Quality Assessment not only demonstrates applications but also fills in the background knowledge in toxicology/ecotoxicology needed to appreciate these applications. Each chapter summarises fundamental material in a targeted way so that information can be applied to better understand the use of bioanalytical tools in water quality assessment. Bioanalytical tools in Water Quality Assessment can be used by lecturers teaching academic and professional courses and also by risk assessors, regulators, experts, consultants, researchers and managers working in the water sector. It can also be a reference manual for environmental engineers, analytical chemists, and toxicologists. Authors: Beate Escher, National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (EnTox), The University of Queensland, Australia, Frederic Leusch, Smart Water Research Facility (G51), Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Australia. With contributions by Heather Chapman and Anita Poulsen
Book Synopsis Genetic Toxicology by : Albert P. Li
Download or read book Genetic Toxicology written by Albert P. Li and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1991-03-27 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic Toxicology is a comprehensive book covering the historical perspective of genetic toxicology; basic mechanisms of mutations and chromosomal effects; health consequences of genetic damage, including cancer and inheritable mutations; properties of physical, chemical, and biological mutagens; risk assessment of human exposure to genotoxicants; and the current position of some government regulatory agencies in the United States on the issues of genetic toxicology. The book will be a useful reference for students and researchers in toxicology, genetics, cancer biology, and medicine who are interested in the basic and applied principles of genetic toxicology. It will also benefit industrial toxicologists, products registration specialists, and government regulatory specialists with responsibility for the safety evaluation of industrial and environmental agents.
Book Synopsis Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry by :
Download or read book Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Solid Phase Microextraction by : Gangfeng Ouyang
Download or read book Solid Phase Microextraction written by Gangfeng Ouyang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-24 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers comprehensive information on the developments and applications of the solid phase microextraction (SPME) technique. The first part of the book briefly introduces readers to the fundamentals of SPME, while subsequent sections describe the applications of SPME technique in detail, including environmental analysis (air, water, soil/sediments), food analysis (volatile/nonvolatile compounds), and bioanalysis (plants, animal tissues, body fluids). The advantages and future challenges of the SPME technique are also discussed. Including recent research advances and further developments of SPME, the book offers a practical reference guide and a valuable resource for researchers and users of SPME techniques. The target audience includes analytical chemists, environmental scientists, biological scientists, material scientists, and analysts, as well as students at universities/institutes in related fields. Dr. Gangfeng Ouyang is a Professor at the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, China. Dr. Ruifen Jiang is an Associate Professor at the School of Environment, Jinan University, China.
Book Synopsis Human Pharmaceuticals, Hormones and Fragrances by : Thomas Ternes
Download or read book Human Pharmaceuticals, Hormones and Fragrances written by Thomas Ternes and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2007-01-30 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The observed concentrations of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in raw wastewater confirm that municipal wastewater represents the main disposal pathway for the PPCPs consumed in households, hospitals and industry. In sewage treatment plant effluents most PPCPs are still present, since many of these polar and persistent compounds are being removed only partially or, in some cases, not at all. Treated wastewater therefore represents an important point source for PPCPs into the environment. After passing a sewage treatment plant the treated wastewater is mostly discharged into rivers and streams or sometimes used to irrigate fields. If drinking water is produced using resources containing a substantial proportion of treated wastewater (e.g. from river water downstream of communities) the water cycle is closed and indirect potable reuse occurs. Human Pharmaceuticals, Hormones and Fragrances provides an overview of the occurrence, analytics, removal and environmental risk of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in wastewater, surface water and drinking water. The book covers all aspects of the fate and removal of PPCPs in the whole water cycle: consumption and occurrence, analytical methods, the legal background, environmental risk assessment, human and animal toxicology, source control options, wastewater and drinking water treatment as well as indirect reuse. The book presents a summary of the results obtained during the EU project "Poseidon", combined with further expert knowledge on the field, and is written at a level appropriate for professionals involved in management of water resource quality. Professionals in the field including decision makers, engineers and scientists, as well as students entering the field, will find this an invaluable source of information. First comprehensive study on the assessment, fate and removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in wastewater and drinking water treatment. Emphasises the importance of micropollutants in the water cycle, provides methods for quantifying their fate and technologies for their removal.
Download or read book The Llobregat written by Sergi Sabater and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-06-02 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Llobregat belongs to the most thoroughly studied rivers in Europe and is a paradigm of the confluence of human and natural disturbances in a single basin. Because of its location in a very densely populated region and its Mediterranean character, the Llobregat supports a mixture of irregular flow, water abstraction, excess nutrients, mining debris, and a wide array of pollutants. The aquatic organisms strive to survive in a dramatically changing river that passes through a succession of dams, weirs and channels. The long-term river monitoring as well as the research that has been carried out in the river for a long time have provided an extensive knowledge of these disturbances and their effects on the biological communities. This book highlights the available information, with emphasis on the hydrological, chemical and biological elements interspersed in the river. Experts in the field discuss the main nutrient patterns and pollutant occurrence and the responses of the biological quality elements as well as the river ecosystem to the overall natural and man-made influences.
