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Soil Physical Properties In Response To Tillage And Zero Tillage
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Book Synopsis Soil Physical Properties in Response to Tillage and Zero Tillage by : Egan Peter (Gerard)
Download or read book Soil Physical Properties in Response to Tillage and Zero Tillage written by Egan Peter (Gerard) and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study was carried out to determine the effect of direct drilling and conventional cultivation on selected soil properties of bulk density, total porosity, organic matter content, soil strength, infiltration and hydraulic conductivity.
Book Synopsis Zero Tillage in Manitoba: an Evaluation by Soil Physical Properties by : Somchai Pakaranodom
Download or read book Zero Tillage in Manitoba: an Evaluation by Soil Physical Properties written by Somchai Pakaranodom and published by 1972.. This book was released on 1972 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of zero tillage for crop production reduces the time and power requirements for soil preparation as well as the cost. Soil physical properties are altered by tillage operations. A comparative evaluation of zero and conventional tillage was made by studying the soil physical properties to determine their response to both tillage systems. Soil moisture content, soil aeration, soil strength, soil temperature, crop emergence and crop yields were the factors used in evaluating the tillage operations. The comparisons were made in Manitoba on a loamy sand soil at Carman a sandy loam soil at Portage la Prairie and a clay soil at Sanford. Wheat, barley, flax and rape were planted in zero and conventional tillage plots. Conventional tillage operations were discing or cultivating followed by harrowing. The soil moisture content was determined by the gravimetric method. Soil aeration was evaluated by measuring oxygen diffusion rate, air-filled porosity and total soil porosity. Soil strength was compared by measuring soil resistance to penetration and soil bulk density. Soil temperature was measured by copper-constantan thermocouples. Soil moisture content, soil strength and soil temperature were generally higher under zero tillage. Soil aeration was significantly lower under zero tillage in the top soil layer (0 to 3 inch). Crop emergence and crop yield under zero tillage were generally higher than under conventional tillage. The changes in soil physical properties, affected by zero tillage, did not have an adverse effect on crop production for the conditions of this study.
Book Synopsis Soil Physical Properties and Root Density Under Zero and Conventional Tillage in Three Manitoba Soils by : Daniel L. Martino
Download or read book Soil Physical Properties and Root Density Under Zero and Conventional Tillage in Three Manitoba Soils written by Daniel L. Martino and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The trend toward reduced or zero tillage systems may bring about changes in the physical environment for crop roots. A study was conducted on three Manitoba soils (Marquette heavy clay, Fortier silty clay loam, and Souris loamy sand) with the objectives of: a) assessing the effects of contrasting tillage systems on various soil physical properties; and b) relating these effects to wheat or barley response. The zero (ZT) and conventional (CT) tillage treatments had been established between 3 and 10 years prior to the initiation of the study. Penetrometer resistance, bulk density, soil moisture, pore size distribution and oxygen diffusion rate were measured at various depths and times during two growing seasons. The effects of the tillage systems were generally low, particularly in the poorly structured Souris loamy sand. Penetration resistance in the top 10 cm of soil tended to be higher under ZT than CT. ZT also tended to produce a higher proportion of macropores (>100 um in diameter) near the soil surface, suggesting a better preservation of biopores under this system. The aeration status of the roots may have been impaired at the beginning of the growing seasons at the finer-textured soils, but there was no evidence of a negative effect of aeration on the final root density profiles of wheat. The cone index varied markedly in time, and was related to changes in the soil water content. The proportion of roots penetrating the soil was negatively related to the resistance to cone penetration. The relationship obtained suggested that no roots penetrated the soil when the cone index was over 2 MPa. However, in most situations, roots were able to grow in soil with high mechanical impedance, probably by making use of spatial and temporal heterogeneity in the soil structure.
Book Synopsis Zero Tillage in Manitoba by : Somchai Pakaranodom
Download or read book Zero Tillage in Manitoba written by Somchai Pakaranodom and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of zero tillage for crop production reduces the time and power requirements for soil preparation as well as the cost. Soil physical properties are altered by tillage operations. A comparative evaluation of zero and conventional tillage was made by studying the soil physical properties to determine their response to both tillage systems. Soil moisture content, soil aeration, soil strength, soil temperature, crop emergence and crop yields were the factors used in evaluating the tillage operations. The comparisons were made in Manitoba on a loamy sand soil at Carman a sandy loam soil at Portage la Prairie and a clay soil at Sanford. Wheat, barley, flax and rape were planted in zero and conventional tillage plots. Conventional tillage operations were discing or cultivating followed by harrowing. The soil moisture content was determined by the gravimetric method. Soil aeration was evaluated by measuring oxygen diffusion rate, air-filled porosity and total soil porosity. Soil strength was compared by measuring soil resistance to penetration and soil bulk density. Soil temperature was measured by copper-constantan thermocouples. Soil moisture content, soil strength and soil temperature were generally higher under zero tillage. Soil aeration was significantly lower under zero tillage in the top soil layer (0 to 3 inch). Crop emergence and crop yield under zero tillage were generally higher than under conventional tillage. The changes in soil physical properties, affected by zero tillage, did not have an adverse effect on crop production for the conditions of this study.
Book Synopsis No-Tillage Agriculture by : Ronald E. Phillips
Download or read book No-Tillage Agriculture written by Ronald E. Phillips and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No-tillage cropping systems and concepts have evolved rapidly since the early 1960s and are attracting attention worldwide. The rapid growth and interest is associated with increasing pressures for food production from a fixed land resource base with degrading effects of erosion, soil compaction and other factors becoming more noticeable. Research programs have provided many answers and identified new technology needed for success of the no-tillage crop production system in the past two decades and this has resulted in a rapid rate of adoption. Farmers played an important role in the early stages· of development of the system and continue to play an important role in its improvement and rapid rate of adoption. This book provides an inventory and assessment of the principles involved in no-tillage concepts and addresses the application of the technology to practical production schemes. Selected authors and contributors have long been associated either in no-tillage research or application. They represent many disciplines interfacing with the complex interactions of soil, plant and environment. Personal obser vations by the authors in many geographic sectors of the world indicate the principles to be valid but application of the principles to be less uniform. The application of no-tillage principles requires considerable modification as variations in soil and/or climatic condi tions are encountered in different regions of the world.
Book Synopsis Crops Residue Management by : J. L. Hatfield
Download or read book Crops Residue Management written by J. L. Hatfield and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent changes in the Conservation Compliance Plans for farmers shows the need for improved information on the effective management of crop residues. Residue management requires an understanding of the crop, soil, and climate in which the farming system is located. In this volume, the strategies for effective residue management are described for each region of the country to provide a comparison of the regional differences. The chapters not only describe the knowledge in each region but also suggest some of the needed areas of research required to develop an improved understanding of the processes involved in effective residue management.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Tillage on Soil Physical Properties and the Availability of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium to Corn (Zea Mays L.) by : John Frazeur Moncrief
Download or read book The Effect of Tillage on Soil Physical Properties and the Availability of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium to Corn (Zea Mays L.) written by John Frazeur Moncrief and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Estimation of Available Phosphorus in Soils by Extraction with Sodium Bicarbonate by : Sterling Robertson Olsen
Download or read book Estimation of Available Phosphorus in Soils by Extraction with Sodium Bicarbonate written by Sterling Robertson Olsen and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Various Tillage Systems on Selected Soil Physical Properties and Cotton Plant Response by : Larry Roger Brooks
Download or read book The Effects of Various Tillage Systems on Selected Soil Physical Properties and Cotton Plant Response written by Larry Roger Brooks and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Agrophysics by : Jan Gliński
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Agrophysics written by Jan Gliński and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-07 with total page 1075 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Encyclopedia of Agrophysics will provide up-to-date information on the physical properties and processes affecting the quality of the environment and plant production. It will be a "first-up" volume which will nicely complement the recently published Encyclopedia of Soil Science, (November 2007) which was published in the same series. In a single authoritative volume a collection of about 250 informative articles and ca 400 glossary terms covering all aspects of agrophysics will be presented. The authors will be renowned specialists in various aspects in agrophysics from a wide variety of countries. Agrophysics is important both for research and practical use not only in agriculture, but also in areas like environmental science, land reclamation, food processing etc. Agrophysics is a relatively new interdisciplinary field closely related to Agrochemistry, Agrobiology, Agroclimatology and Agroecology. Nowadays it has been fully accepted as an agricultural and environmental discipline. As such this Encyclopedia volume will be an indispensable working tool for scientists and practitioners from different disciplines, like agriculture, soil science, geosciences, environmental science, geography, and engineering.
Download or read book חישובים במספרים מקורבים written by and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nucleic Acids and Proteins in Soil by : Paolo Nannipieri
Download or read book Nucleic Acids and Proteins in Soil written by Paolo Nannipieri and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-09-22 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With millions of different bacterial species living in soil, the microbial community is extremely complex, varying at very small scales. Microbe-driven functions are essential for most processes in soil. Thus, a better understanding of this microbial diversity will be invaluable for the management of the various soil functions. Nucleic Acids and Proteins in Soil combines traditional approaches in soil microbiology and biochemistry with the latest techniques in molecular microbial ecology. Included are methods to analyse the presence and importance of nucleic acids and proteins both inside and outside microbial cells, the horizontal gene transfer which drives bacterial diversity, as well as soil proteomes. Further chapters describe techniques such as PCR, fingerprinting, the challenging use of gene arrays for structural and functional analysis, stable isotope probing to identify in situ metabolic functions, and the use of marker and reporter genes in soil microbial ecology.
Book Synopsis Building Soils for Better Crops by : Fred Magdoff
Download or read book Building Soils for Better Crops written by Fred Magdoff and published by Sare. This book was released on 2009 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "'Published by the Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE) program, with funding from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture."
Book Synopsis Soil Physical Measurement and Interpretation for Land Evaluation by : Keppel Coughlan
Download or read book Soil Physical Measurement and Interpretation for Land Evaluation written by Keppel Coughlan and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2002-11-26 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil physical measurements are essential for solving many natural resource management problems. This operational laboratory and field handbook provides, for the first time, a standard set of methods that are cost-effective and well suited to land resource survey. It provides: *practical guidelines on the soil physical measurements across a range of soils, climates and land uses; *straightforward descriptions for each method (including common pitfalls) that can be applied by people with a rudimentary knowledge of soil physics, and *guidelines on the interpretation of results and integration with land resource assessment. Soil Physical Measurement And Interpretation for Land Evaluation begins with an introduction to land evaluation and then outlines procedures for field sampling. Twenty detailed chapters cover pore space relations, water retention, hydraulic conductivity, water table depth, dispersion, aggregation, particle size, shrinkage, Atterburg limits and strength. The book includes procedures for estimating soil physical properties from more readily available data and shows how soil physical data can be integrated into land planning and management decisions.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Conservation Tillage and Topographic Position on Soil Properties in Central Illinois by : Andrew Mellinger
Download or read book The Effect of Conservation Tillage and Topographic Position on Soil Properties in Central Illinois written by Andrew Mellinger and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since agriculture began, field management has been at the forefront of expanding food production beyond previous limitations. Agricultural productivity is closely related to the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil. Landscape position and field management are among primary factors affecting these soil properties. Delineation of topographic positions of the field surface by shape (i.e., convex, concave, and linear) characterizes areas that may accumulate or lose soil and nutrients either during a discrete event or cumulatively over several growing seasons. Increased soil compaction, degradation of soil structure, and erosion have all been attributed to declining agricultural production. In addition to the physical disturbance from cultivation, erosion and deposition of soil components in different landscape positions explain a large part of the heterogeneity of soil properties across an agriculture field. In response to this, conservation tillage techniques, precision agriculture, and other novel management strategies have been developed to reduce negative impacts conventional row crop production such as nutrient pollution and compaction while optimizing farmer inputs. The objective of this project was to evaluate effects of topographic position and conservation tillage techniques on soil physical, chemical, and biological properties on the field scale as well as correlate certain soil attributes with suspended soil runoff collected during the sprinkle infiltration test. Soil fertility sampling was completed every fall from 2011 to 2014 and additional sampling of soil physical properties was taken in the spring between 2013 and 2014. Differences between fall conservation tillage treatments, no-till (NT), AerWay® aerator (AA), and Great Plains Turbo-Till® (GP), and topographic positions, concave, convex and linear were analyzed. Sediment runoff and earthworm biomass were also collected in the fall in 2014. Results indicated a significant increase of soil organic matter (12%-24%), water stable aggregates (78%-98%), phosphorus (43%-76%), and cation exchange capacity (28%-35%) within concave over the convex landscape positions. Soil strength was significantly lower in the field managed with the GP vertical tillage disk compared with the AA field to a depth of 27.5 cm and the NT field to depth of 17.5 cm. Crop residue coverage (percent covered) was more complete in the NT field (12%) and the GP field (3%) compared with the AA field. Suspended sediment runoff was negatively correlated with water-stable aggregates, Ca, and Mg, but positively correlated with earthworm biomass. Extractable nutrients and soil physical properties were also strongly affected by air temperature and precipitation throughout the study period. Characterizing soil properties within topographic positions has potential applications in precision agriculture management, such as reducing excessive fertilization, and identifying areas of increased pollution potential. Evaluation of the tandem effects of conservation tillage tools and topographic position within central Illinois is important in order for the optimization of production and conservation of resources. Physical disturbance from tillage and the transport of sediment from eroded areas to depositional topographic positions are key factors influencing the variability of soil properties, crop productivity, and potential sediment-borne nutrient pollution within individual agricultural fields.
Book Synopsis Soil Compaction in Crop Production by : B.D. Soane
Download or read book Soil Compaction in Crop Production written by B.D. Soane and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 695 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a global review of the mechanisms, incidence and control measures related to the problems of soil compaction in agriculture, forestry and other cropping systems. Among the disciplines which relate to this subject are soil physics, soil mechanics, vehicle mechanics, agricultural engineering, plant physiology, agronomy, pedology, climatology and economics. The volume will be of great value to soil scientists, agricultural engineers, and all those involved with irrigation, drainage and tillage. It will help to facilitate the exchange of information on current work throughout the world, as well as to promote scientific understanding and stimulate the development, evaluation and adoption of practical solutions to these widespread and urgent problems.
Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Abiotic Stress Responses and Tolerance in Plants: Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Interventions, volume II by : Shabir Hussain Wani
Download or read book Mechanisms of Abiotic Stress Responses and Tolerance in Plants: Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Interventions, volume II written by Shabir Hussain Wani and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-10-09 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
