Social Service Reform in the Postcommunist State

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Publisher : Texas A&M University Press
ISBN 13 : 9781585444175
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (441 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Service Reform in the Postcommunist State by : Janelle A. Kerlin

Download or read book Social Service Reform in the Postcommunist State written by Janelle A. Kerlin and published by Texas A&M University Press. This book was released on 2005-06-28 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fall of Communist regimes in Eastern Europe raised the complex question of how social services were to be distributed and administered in countries with legacies of highly centralized state. In Poland, a series of reforms attempted to modify and decentralize social service programs. Yet with Poland’s second round of decentralization, long-held and clearly specified reform goals were undermined from the very outset. In this insightful, detailed, and carefully argued study, Janelle A. Kerlin demonstrates how and why reforms, intended to improve services and increase citizen participation in social service programming, largely failed to meet expected goals. The politics of reform development—including political deals, exclusionary tactics, and hidden maneuvering by Polish policymakers—prevented any significant upgrade of services or real change in decision-making structures. Conflicting ideologies and pressures on policy actors stemming from historical, institutional, political, and international sources often resulted in compromises that led to unfavorable public service outcomes. In this book, Kerlin uses focused interviews with leading reform actors and a nationwide representative survey of two hundred public social service institutions to develop a model that connects the politics of the decentralization process with social service outcomes. Not only students of the former Soviet bloc, but also those interested in the links between politics and policy outcomes more broadly will find in this volume an informative and instructive case study that has far-reaching implications.

Postcommunist Welfare States

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Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801458234
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Postcommunist Welfare States by : Linda J. Cook

Download or read book Postcommunist Welfare States written by Linda J. Cook and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2011-03-15 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early 1990s, the countries of the former Soviet Bloc faced an urgent need to reform the systems by which they delivered broad, basic social welfare to their citizens. Inherited systems were inefficient and financially unsustainable. Linda J. Cook here explores the politics and policy of social welfare from 1990 to 2004 in the Russian Federation, Poland, Hungary, Belarus, and Kazakhstan. Most of these countries, she shows, tried to institute reforms based on a liberal paradigm of reduced entitlements and subsidies, means-testing, and privatization. But these proposals provoked opposition from pro-welfare interests, and the politics of negotiating change varied substantially from one political arena to another. In Russia, for example, liberalizing reform was blocked for a decade. Only as Vladimir Putin rose to power did the country change its inherited welfare system. Cook finds that the impact of economic pressures on welfare was strongly mediated by domestic political factors, including the level of democratization and balance of pro- and anti-reform political forces. Postcommunist welfare politics throughout Russia and Eastern Europe, she shows, are marked by the large role played by bureaucratic welfare stakeholders who were left over from the communist period and, in weak states, by the development of informal processes in social sectors.

Post-Communist Welfare Pathways

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Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 9780230230262
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Post-Communist Welfare Pathways by : Alfio Cerami

Download or read book Post-Communist Welfare Pathways written by Alfio Cerami and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2009-10-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book adopts novel theoretical approaches to study the diverse welfare pathways that have evolved across Central and Eastern Europe since the end of communism. It highlights the role of explanatory factors such as micro-causal mechanisms, power politics, path departure, and elite strategies.

Post-Communist Welfare States in European Context

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Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1784711985
Total Pages : 219 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (847 download)

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Book Synopsis Post-Communist Welfare States in European Context by : Kati Kuitto

Download or read book Post-Communist Welfare States in European Context written by Kati Kuitto and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2016-02-26 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Welfare reforms in post-communist countries are determined by economic and social hardship, democratization of the political systems and rapid structural change. This groundbreaking book provides a comprehensive and systematic empirical assessment of the Central and Eastern European post-communist welfare states in the context of their Western European counterparts. Basing the study on new data on welfare entitlements and cluster analysis, Kati Kuitto systematically compares 26 European welfare states across three empirical dimensions. The author employs a multidimensional framework to analyze patterns of welfare policies and highlight spending priorities, financing and the generosity of welfare entitlements. Kati Kuitto thus sheds light on the hybrid patterns of welfare policies in post-communist countries as they have emerged after the period of transformation and discusses their future challenges. Unique and comprehensive, this is essential reading for researchers in the fields of comparative welfare state research and Central and Eastern European studies, as well as students and practitioners of social policy, social security and political economy.

Public Administration in Post-Communist Countries

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439861374
Total Pages : 379 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Public Administration in Post-Communist Countries by : Saltanat Liebert

Download or read book Public Administration in Post-Communist Countries written by Saltanat Liebert and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-02-26 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although it has been more than 20 years since Communism crumbled in Central and Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, many scholars and politicians still wonder what the lifting of the Iron Curtain has really meant for these former Communist countries. And, because these countries were largely closed off to the world for so long, there has yet to be an all-inclusive study on their administrative systems—until now. In Public Administration in Post-Communist Countries: Former Soviet Union, Central and Eastern Europe, and Mongolia, expert contributors supply a comprehensive overview and analysis of public administration in their respective post-Communist countries. They illustrate each country’s transformation from an authoritarian system of governance into a modern, market-based, and in some cases, democratic government. The book covers the countries that were officially part of the Soviet Union (Russia, Ukraine, Moldova, Estonia, Lithuania, Georgia, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan); those that were theoretically independent but were subject to Soviet-dominated Communist rule (Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, and Poland); as well as a satellite republic that was under significant Soviet influence (Mongolia). Each chapter includes a brief introduction to the specific country, an overview of politics and administration, and discussions on key aspects of public management and administration—including human resource management, public budgeting, financial management, corruption, accountability, political and economic reform, civil society, and prospects for future development in the region. The book concludes by identifying common themes and trends and pinpointing similarities and differences to supply you with a broad comparative perspective.

Communism: A Very Short Introduction

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199551545
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis Communism: A Very Short Introduction by : Leslie Holmes

Download or read book Communism: A Very Short Introduction written by Leslie Holmes and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-08-27 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The collapse of communism was one of the most defining moments of the twentieth century. This Very Short Introduction examines the history behind the political, economic, and social structures of communism as an ideology.

The Politics of Non-state Social Welfare

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Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801470323
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis The Politics of Non-state Social Welfare by : Melani Cammett

Download or read book The Politics of Non-state Social Welfare written by Melani Cammett and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2014-06-25 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across the world, welfare states are under challenge—or were never developed extensively in the first place—while non-state actors increasingly provide public goods and basic welfare. In many parts of the Middle East and South Asia, sectarian organizations and political parties supply basic services to ordinary people more extensively and effectively than governments. In sub-Saharan Africa, families struggle to pay hospital fees, and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) launch welfare programs as states cut subsidies and social programs. Likewise, in parts of Latin America, international and domestic NGOs and, increasingly, private firms are key suppliers of social welfare in both urban and rural communities. Even in the United States, where the welfare state is far more developed, secular NGOs and faith-based organizations are critical components of social safety nets. Despite official entitlements to public welfare, citizens in Russia face increasing out-of-pocket expenses as they are effectively compelled to seek social services through the private market In The Politics of Non-State Social Welfare, a multidisciplinary group of contributors use survey data analysis, spatial analysis, in-depth interviews, and ethnographic and archival research to explore the fundamental transformation of the relationship between states and citizens. The book highlights the political consequences of the non-state provision of social welfare, including the ramifications for equitable and sustainable access to social services, accountability for citizens, and state capacity. The authors do not assume that non-state providers will surpass the performance of weak, inefficient, or sometimes corrupt states but instead offer a systematic analysis of a wide spectrum of non-state actors in a variety of contexts around the world, including sectarian political parties, faith-based organizations, community-based organizations, family networks, informal brokers, and private firms.

Poverty, Inequality, and Democracy

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Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 1421405709
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (214 download)

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Book Synopsis Poverty, Inequality, and Democracy by : Francis Fukuyama

Download or read book Poverty, Inequality, and Democracy written by Francis Fukuyama and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2012-03 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rise of populism in new democracies, especially in Latin America, has brought renewed urgency to the question of how liberal democracy deals with issues of poverty and inequality. Citizens who feel that democracy failed to improve their economic condition are often vulnerable to the appeal of political leaders with authoritarian tendencies. To counteract this trend, liberal democracies must establish policies that will reduce socioeconomic disparities without violating liberal principles, interfering with economic growth, or ignoring the consensus of the people. Poverty, Inequality, and Democracy addresses the complicated philosophical and moral issues surrounding the distribution of economic goods in free societies as well as the empirical relationships between democratization and trends in poverty and inequality. This volume also discusses the variety of welfare-state policies that have been adopted in different regions of the world. The book’s distinguished group of contributors provides a succinct synthesis of the scholarship on this topic. They address such broad issues as whether democracy promotes inequality, the socioeconomic factors that drive democratic failure, and the basic choices that societies must make as they decide how to deal with inequality. Chapters focus on particular regions or countries, examining how problems of poverty and inequality have been handled (or mishandled) by newer democracies in Latin America, Eastern Europe, Africa, and Asia. Poverty, Inequality, and Democracy will prove vital reading for all students of world politics, political economy, and democracy’s global prospects. Contributors: Dan Banik, Nancy Bermeo, Dorothee Bohle, Nathan Converse, Alberto Díaz-Cayeros, Francis Fukuyama, Béla Greskovits, Stephan Haggard, Ethan B. Kapstein, Robert R. Kaufman, Taekyoon Kim, Huck-Ju Kwon, Jooha Lee, Peter Lewis, Beatriz Magaloni, Mitchell A. Orenstein, Marc F. Plattner, Charles Simkins, Alejandro Toledo, Ilcheong Yi

Resisting the State

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139455710
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Resisting the State by : Kathryn Stoner-Weiss

Download or read book Resisting the State written by Kathryn Stoner-Weiss and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-06-19 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do new, democratizing states often find it so difficult to actually govern? Why do they so often fail to provide their beleaguered populations with better access to public goods and services? Using original and unusual data, this book uses post-communist Russia as a case in examining what the author calls this broader 'weak state syndrome' in many developing countries. Through interviews with over 800 Russian bureaucrats in 72 of Russia's 89 provinces, and a highly original database on patterns of regional government non-compliance to federal law and policy, the book demonstrates that resistance to Russian central authority not so much ethnically based (as others have argued) as much as generated by the will of powerful and wealthy regional political and economic actors seeking to protect assets they had acquired through Russia's troubled transition out of communism.

Divide and Pacify

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Publisher : Central European University Press
ISBN 13 : 9637326790
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (373 download)

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Book Synopsis Divide and Pacify by : Pieter Vanhuysse

Download or read book Divide and Pacify written by Pieter Vanhuysse and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite dramatic increases in poverty, unemployment, and social inequalities, the Central and Eastern European transitions from communism to market democracy in the 1990s have been remarkably peaceful. This book proposes a new explanation for this unexpected political quiescence. It shows how reforming governments in Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic have been able to prevent massive waves of strikes and protests by the strategic use of welfare state programs such as pensions and unemployment benefits. Divide and Pacify explains how social policies were used to prevent massive job losses with softening labor market policies, or to split up highly aggrieved groups of workers in precarious jobs by sending some of them onto unemployment benefits and many others onto early retirement and disability pensions. From a narrow economic viewpoint, these policies often appeared to be immensely costly or irresponsibly populist. Yet a more inclusive social-scientific perspective can shed new light on these seemingly irrational policies by pointing to deeper political motives and wider sociological consequences. Divide and Pacify contains a provocative thesis about the manner in which political strategy was used to consolidate democracy in post-communist Hungary, Poland, and the Czech Republic. Pieter Vanhuysse develops a tight argument emphasizing the strategic use of welfare and unemployment compensation policies by a government to nip potential collective action against it in the bud. By breaking up social networks that might otherwise facilitate protest, through unemployment and induced early retirement, governments were able to survive otherwise difficult economic circumstances. This novel argument linking economics, politics, sociology, and demography should stimulate wide-ranging debate about the strategic uses of social policy.

Communism's Shadow

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400887828
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Communism's Shadow by : Grigore Pop-Eleches

Download or read book Communism's Shadow written by Grigore Pop-Eleches and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-09 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has long been assumed that the historical legacy of Soviet Communism would have an important effect on post-communist states. However, prior research has focused primarily on the institutional legacy of communism. Communism's Shadow instead turns the focus to the individuals who inhabit post-communist countries, presenting a rigorous assessment of the legacy of communism on political attitudes. Post-communist citizens hold political, economic, and social opinions that consistently differ from individuals in other countries. Grigore Pop-Eleches and Joshua Tucker introduce two distinct frameworks to explain these differences, the first of which focuses on the effects of living in a post-communist country, and the second on living through communism. Drawing on large-scale research encompassing post-communist states and other countries around the globe, the authors demonstrate that living through communism has a clear, consistent influence on why citizens in post-communist countries are, on average, less supportive of democracy and markets and more supportive of state-provided social welfare. The longer citizens have lived through communism, especially as adults, the greater their support for beliefs associated with communist ideology—the one exception being opinions regarding gender equality. A thorough and nuanced examination of communist legacies' lasting influence on public opinion, Communism's Shadow highlights the ways in which political beliefs can outlast institutional regimes.

The Transformation of Welfare States?

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134765703
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (347 download)

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Book Synopsis The Transformation of Welfare States? by : Nick Ellison

Download or read book The Transformation of Welfare States? written by Nick Ellison and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-04-07 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Globalization', institutions and welfare regimes -- The challenge of globalization -- Globalization and welfare regime change -- Towards workfare? : changing labour market policies -- Labour market policies in social democratic and continental regimes -- Population ageing, GEPs and changing pensions systems -- Pensions policies in continental and social regimes -- Conclusion : welfare regimes in a liberalizing world.

Post-Soviet Social

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400840422
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Post-Soviet Social by : Stephen J. Collier

Download or read book Post-Soviet Social written by Stephen J. Collier and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-08 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Soviet Union created a unique form of urban modernity, developing institutions of social provisioning for hundreds of millions of people in small and medium-sized industrial cities spread across a vast territory. After the collapse of socialism these institutions were profoundly shaken--casualties, in the eyes of many observers, of market-oriented reforms associated with neoliberalism and the Washington Consensus. In Post-Soviet Social, Stephen Collier examines reform in Russia beyond the Washington Consensus. He turns attention from the noisy battles over stabilization and privatization during the 1990s to subsequent reforms that grapple with the mundane details of pipes, wires, bureaucratic routines, and budgetary formulas that made up the Soviet social state. Drawing on Michel Foucault's lectures from the late 1970s, Post-Soviet Social uses the Russian case to examine neoliberalism as a central form of political rationality in contemporary societies. The book's basic finding--that neoliberal reforms provide a justification for redistribution and social welfare, and may work to preserve the norms and forms of social modernity--lays the groundwork for a critical revision of conventional understandings of these topics.

The Defeat of Solidarity

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Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501729276
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Defeat of Solidarity by : David Ost

Download or read book The Defeat of Solidarity written by David Ost and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-05 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How did the fall of communism and the subsequent transition to capitalism in Eastern Europe affect the people who experienced it? And how did their anger affect the quality of the democratic systems that have emerged? Poland offers a particularly provocative case, for it was here where workers most famously seemed to have won, thanks to the role of the Solidarity trade union. And yet, within a few short years, they had clearly lost. An oppressive communist regime gave way to a capitalist society that embraced economic and political inequality, leaving many workers frustrated and angry. Their leaders first ignored them, then began to fear them, and finally tried to marginalize them. In turn, workers rejected their liberal leaders, opening the way for right-wing nationalists to take control of Solidarity. Ost tells a fascinating story about the evolution of postcommunist society in Eastern Europe. Informed by years of fieldwork in Polish factory towns, scores of interviews with workers, labor activists, and politicians, and an exhaustive reading of primary sources, his new book gives voice to those who have not been heard. But even more, Ost proposes a novel theory about the role of anger in politics to show why such voices matter, and how they profoundly affect political outcomes. Drawing on Poland's experiences, Ost describes lessons relevant to democratization throughout Eastern Europe and to democratic theory in general.

Welfare State Reform in Southern Europe

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134347316
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (343 download)

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Book Synopsis Welfare State Reform in Southern Europe by : Maurizio Ferrera

Download or read book Welfare State Reform in Southern Europe written by Maurizio Ferrera and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-02-07 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a detailed analysis of the efforts made to reduce poverty and social exclusion in Portugal, Spain, Italy and Greece.

Welfare States in East Central Europe, 1919–2004

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139472879
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Welfare States in East Central Europe, 1919–2004 by : Tomasz Inglot

Download or read book Welfare States in East Central Europe, 1919–2004 written by Tomasz Inglot and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-05-12 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comparative-historical study of welfare states in the former communist region of East Central Europe. Inglot analyzes almost one hundred years of expansion of social insurance programs across different political regimes. He places these programs in a larger political and socioeconomic context, which includes the most recent developments since the advent of democracy. Based on this research, he argues that despite apparent similarities the welfare states of East Central Europe, Czechoslovakia (Czech Republic and Slovakia since 1993), Poland, and Hungary have pursued distinct historical paths of development and change. He examines the highly unusual evolution of these welfare states in detail, tracing alternating periods of growth and retrenchment/reform, which he links to political and economic crises under communist rule. Inglot uses this comparative analysis of welfare systems to examine the continued influence of history over the politics and policies of the social safety nets in Eastern Europe.

From Triumph to Crisis

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108422292
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis From Triumph to Crisis by : Hilary Appel

Download or read book From Triumph to Crisis written by Hilary Appel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-10 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains the surprising endurance of neoliberal policymaking over two decades in post-Communist countries, from 1989-2008, and its decline after the financial crash.