Social Network Analysis In Predictive Policing

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Social Network Analysis in Predictive Policing

Author : Mohammad A. Tayebi
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319414925
Total Pages : 141 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Network Analysis in Predictive Policing by : Mohammad A. Tayebi

Download or read book Social Network Analysis in Predictive Policing written by Mohammad A. Tayebi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-11 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on applications of social network analysis in predictive policing. Data science is used to identify potential criminal activity by analyzing the relationships between offenders to fully understand criminal collaboration patterns. Co-offending networks—networks of offenders who have committed crimes together—have long been recognized by law enforcement and intelligence agencies as a major factor in the design of crime prevention and intervention strategies. Despite the importance of co-offending network analysis for public safety, computational methods for analyzing large-scale criminal networks are rather premature. This book extensively and systematically studies co-offending network analysis as effective tool for predictive policing. The formal representation of criminological concepts presented here allow computer scientists to think about algorithmic and computational solutions to problems long discussed in the criminology literature. For each of the studied problems, we start with well-founded concepts and theories in criminology, then propose a computational method and finally provide a thorough experimental evaluation, along with a discussion of the results. In this way, the reader will be able to study the complete process of solving real-world multidisciplinary problems.

Predictive Models for Public Safety Using Social Network Analysis

Author : Mohammad Ali Tayebi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 133 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)

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Book Synopsis Predictive Models for Public Safety Using Social Network Analysis by : Mohammad Ali Tayebi

Download or read book Predictive Models for Public Safety Using Social Network Analysis written by Mohammad Ali Tayebi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crime reduction and prevention is the major concern of law enforcement agencies in order to increase public safety, reduce the crime costs to society and protect the personal integrity and property of citizens. Along with big data analytics, predictive policing which is a new paradigm for crime analysis has been emerging. An important task in predictive policing is analyzing the relationships between offenders to fully understand the criminal collaboration patterns. Law enforcement agencies have long realized the importance of analyzing co-offending networks, networks of offenders who have committed crimes together, for designing prevention and intervention strategies. Despite the importance of co-offending network analysis for public safety, computational methods for analyzing large-scale criminal networks are rather premature. In this research, we study co-offending network analysis as effective tool assisting predictive policing. We start with a formal representation of crime data and co-offending networks to bridge the conceptual gap between abstract crime data level and co-offending network mining. To gain a better understanding of co-offending networks we thoroughly study their structural properties. Specifically, how centrality measures can be employed to identify key players of co-offending networks to disrupt these networks. Then, we propose an algorithmic solution for detecting organized crime groups from a social network analysis perspective. We explore predicting criminal collaborations from two angles. First, given partial information about offenders involved in a crime incident, our proposed approach assists in investigating the most probable suspects in that incident. Second, we propose a supervised learning framework for co-offence prediction. Finally, we propose a random walk based method for crime location prediction which is personalized for every offender by using spatial information about offenders and the co-offending networks structure. The efficacy of the proposed methods are experimentally evaluated using a large crime dataset representing five years of police arrest-data for the regions of the Province of British Columbia which are policed by the RCMP, and compared to other existing methods.

The Rise of Big Data Policing

Author : Andrew Guthrie Ferguson
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 147986997X
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (798 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rise of Big Data Policing by : Andrew Guthrie Ferguson

Download or read book The Rise of Big Data Policing written by Andrew Guthrie Ferguson and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2019-11-15 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner, 2018 Law & Legal Studies PROSE Award The consequences of big data and algorithm-driven policing and its impact on law enforcement In a high-tech command center in downtown Los Angeles, a digital map lights up with 911 calls, television monitors track breaking news stories, surveillance cameras sweep the streets, and rows of networked computers link analysts and police officers to a wealth of law enforcement intelligence. This is just a glimpse into a future where software predicts future crimes, algorithms generate virtual “most-wanted” lists, and databanks collect personal and biometric information. The Rise of Big Data Policing introduces the cutting-edge technology that is changing how the police do their jobs and shows why it is more important than ever that citizens understand the far-reaching consequences of big data surveillance as a law enforcement tool. Andrew Guthrie Ferguson reveals how these new technologies —viewed as race-neutral and objective—have been eagerly adopted by police departments hoping to distance themselves from claims of racial bias and unconstitutional practices. After a series of high-profile police shootings and federal investigations into systemic police misconduct, and in an era of law enforcement budget cutbacks, data-driven policing has been billed as a way to “turn the page” on racial bias. But behind the data are real people, and difficult questions remain about racial discrimination and the potential to distort constitutional protections. In this first book on big data policing, Ferguson offers an examination of how new technologies will alter the who, where, when and how we police. These new technologies also offer data-driven methods to improve police accountability and to remedy the underlying socio-economic risk factors that encourage crime. The Rise of Big Data Policing is a must read for anyone concerned with how technology will revolutionize law enforcement and its potential threat to the security, privacy, and constitutional rights of citizens. Read an excerpt and interview with Andrew Guthrie Ferguson in The Economist.

Predictive Policing and Artificial Intelligence

Author : John McDaniel
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429560389
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)

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Book Synopsis Predictive Policing and Artificial Intelligence by : John McDaniel

Download or read book Predictive Policing and Artificial Intelligence written by John McDaniel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-02-25 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited text draws together the insights of numerous worldwide eminent academics to evaluate the condition of predictive policing and artificial intelligence (AI) as interlocked policy areas. Predictive and AI technologies are growing in prominence and at an unprecedented rate. Powerful digital crime mapping tools are being used to identify crime hotspots in real-time, as pattern-matching and search algorithms are sorting through huge police databases populated by growing volumes of data in an eff ort to identify people liable to experience (or commit) crime, places likely to host it, and variables associated with its solvability. Facial and vehicle recognition cameras are locating criminals as they move, while police services develop strategies informed by machine learning and other kinds of predictive analytics. Many of these innovations are features of modern policing in the UK, the US and Australia, among other jurisdictions. AI promises to reduce unnecessary labour, speed up various forms of police work, encourage police forces to more efficiently apportion their resources, and enable police officers to prevent crime and protect people from a variety of future harms. However, the promises of predictive and AI technologies and innovations do not always match reality. They often have significant weaknesses, come at a considerable cost and require challenging trade- off s to be made. Focusing on the UK, the US and Australia, this book explores themes of choice architecture, decision- making, human rights, accountability and the rule of law, as well as future uses of AI and predictive technologies in various policing contexts. The text contributes to ongoing debates on the benefits and biases of predictive algorithms, big data sets, machine learning systems, and broader policing strategies and challenges. Written in a clear and direct style, this book will appeal to students and scholars of policing, criminology, crime science, sociology, computer science, cognitive psychology and all those interested in the emergence of AI as a feature of contemporary policing.

Social Network Analysis and Law Enforcement

Author : Morgan Burcher
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030477711
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Network Analysis and Law Enforcement by : Morgan Burcher

Download or read book Social Network Analysis and Law Enforcement written by Morgan Burcher and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-24 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the use of social network analysis (SNA) in operational environments from the perspective of those who actually apply it. A rapidly growing body of literature suggests that SNA can reveal significant insights into the overall structure of criminal networks as well as the position of critical actors within such groups. This book draws on the existing SNA and intelligence literature, as well as qualitative interviews with crime intelligence analysts from two Australian state law enforcement agencies to understand its use by law enforcement agencies and the extent to which it can be used in practice. It includes a discussion of the challenges that analysts face when attempting to apply various network analysis techniques to criminal networks. Overall, it advances SNA as an investigative tool, and provides a significant contribution to the field that will be of interest to both researchers and practitioners interested in social network analysis, intelligence analysis and law enforcement.

Cultural Techniques

Author : Bernhard Siegert
Publisher : Fordham Univ Press
ISBN 13 : 0823263770
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (232 download)

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Book Synopsis Cultural Techniques by : Bernhard Siegert

Download or read book Cultural Techniques written by Bernhard Siegert and published by Fordham Univ Press. This book was released on 2015-05-01 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a crucial shift within posthumanistic media studies, Bernhard Siegert dissolves the concept of media into a network of operations that reproduce, displace, process, and reflect the distinctions fundamental for a given culture. Cultural Techniques aims to forget our traditional understanding of media so as to redefine the concept through something more fundamental than the empiricist study of a medium’s individual or collective uses or of its cultural semantics or aesthetics. Rather, Siegert seeks to relocate media and culture on a level where the distinctions between object and performance, matter and form, human and nonhuman, sign and channel, the symbolic and the real are still in the process of becoming. The result is to turn ontology into a domain of all that is meant in German by the word Kultur. Cultural techniques comprise not only self-referential symbolic practices like reading, writing, counting, or image-making. The analysis of artifacts as cultural techniques emphasizes their ontological status as “in-betweens,” shifting from firstorder to second-order techniques, from the technical to the artistic, from object to sign, from the natural to the cultural, from the operational to the representational. Cultural Techniques ranges from seafaring, drafting, and eating to the production of the sign-signaldistinction in old and new media, to the reproduction of anthropological difference, to the study of trompe-l’oeils, grids, registers, and doors. Throughout, Siegert addresses fundamental questions of how ontological distinctions can be replaced by chains of operations that process those alleged ontological distinctions within the ontic. Grounding posthumanist theory both historically and technically, this book opens up a crucial dialogue between new German media theory and American postcybernetic discourses.

Policing in the Era of AI and Smart Societies

Author : Hamid Jahankhani
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030506134
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Policing in the Era of AI and Smart Societies by : Hamid Jahankhani

Download or read book Policing in the Era of AI and Smart Societies written by Hamid Jahankhani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-17 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter “Predictive Policing in 2025: A Scenario” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Predictive Policing

Author : Walt L. Perry
Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0833081551
Total Pages : 187 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Predictive Policing by : Walt L. Perry

Download or read book Predictive Policing written by Walt L. Perry and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2013-09-23 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Predictive policing is the use of analytical techniques to identify targets for police intervention with the goal of preventing crime, solving past crimes, or identifying potential offenders and victims. These tools are not a substitute for integrated approaches to policing, nor are they a crystal ball. This guide assesses some of the most promising technical tools and tactical approaches for acting on predictions in an effective way.

Imperial Policing

Author : Andy Clarno
Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
ISBN 13 : 1452971722
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (529 download)

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Book Synopsis Imperial Policing by : Andy Clarno

Download or read book Imperial Policing written by Andy Clarno and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 2024-08-13 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposing the carceral webs and weaponized data that shape Chicago’s police wars Chicago is a city with extreme concentrations of racialized poverty and inequity, one that relies on an extensive network of repressive agencies to police the poor and suppress struggles for social justice. Imperial Policing examines the role of local law enforcement, federal immigration authorities, and national security agencies in upholding the city’s highly unequal social order. Collaboratively authored by the Policing in Chicago Research Group, Imperial Policing was developed in dialogue with movements on the front lines of struggles against racist policing in Black, Latinx, and Arab/Muslim communities. It analyzes the connections between three police “wars”—on crime, terror, and immigrants—focusing on the weaponization of data and the coordination between local and national agencies to suppress communities of color and undermine social movements. Topics include high-tech, data-based tools of policing; the racialized archetypes that ground the police wars; the manufacturing of criminals and terrorists; the subversion of sanctuary city protections; and abolitionist responses to policing, such as the Erase the Database campaign. Police networks and infrastructure are notoriously impenetrable to community members and scholars, making Imperial Policing a rare, vital example of scholars working directly with community organizations to map police networks and intervene in policing practices. Engaging in a methodology designed to provide support for transformative justice organizations, the Policing in Chicago Research Group offers a critical perspective on the abolition of imperial policing, both in Chicago and around the globe.

Big Data, Crime and Social Control

Author : Aleš Završnik
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1315395762
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (153 download)

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Book Synopsis Big Data, Crime and Social Control by : Aleš Završnik

Download or read book Big Data, Crime and Social Control written by Aleš Završnik and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-20 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From predictive policing to self-surveillance to private security, the potential uses to of big data in crime control pose serious legal and ethical challenges relating to privacy, discrimination, and the presumption of innocence. The book is about the impacts of the use of big data analytics on social and crime control and on fundamental liberties. Drawing on research from Europe and the US, this book identifies the various ways in which law and ethics intersect with the application of big data in social and crime control, considers potential challenges to human rights and democracy and recommends regulatory solutions and best practice. This book focuses on changes in knowledge production and the manifold sites of contemporary surveillance, ranging from self-surveillance to corporate and state surveillance. It tackles the implications of big data and predictive algorithmic analytics for social justice, social equality, and social power: concepts at the very core of crime and social control. This book will be of interest to scholars and students of criminology, sociology, politics and socio-legal studies.

Cybersecurity, Ethics, and Collective Responsibility

Author : Seumas Miller
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190058137
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Cybersecurity, Ethics, and Collective Responsibility by : Seumas Miller

Download or read book Cybersecurity, Ethics, and Collective Responsibility written by Seumas Miller and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024-04 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advent of the Internet, exponential growth in computing power, and rapid developments in artificial intelligence have raised numerous cybersecurity-related ethical questions across various domains. From a liberal democratic perspective, this work analyses key ethical concepts in the field and develops ethical guidelines to regulate cyberspace.

Critical Issues in Policing

Author : Roger G. Dunham
Publisher : Waveland Press
ISBN 13 : 1478628863
Total Pages : 640 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (786 download)

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Book Synopsis Critical Issues in Policing by : Roger G. Dunham

Download or read book Critical Issues in Policing written by Roger G. Dunham and published by Waveland Press. This book was released on 2015-02-19 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Seventh Edition of Critical Issues in Policing includes many new and updated contributions that offer fresh perspectives and research on the most current trends in policing. The entire collection of 34 articles, carefully chosen for their broad application, sharpens readers’ sense and understanding of the complexities of police work. Styles of policing, uses of technology, and roles played by citizens in determining a proper measure of performance in law enforcement are among the essential topics addressed. Comprehensive and fair, Critical Issues in Policing provides ready access to the brightest and best minds in the field of policing, encouraging readers to hold police accountable for specific goals, tasks, and objectives and to work in concert with citizens to promote secure communities.

Predict and Surveil

Author : Sarah Brayne
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0190684097
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Predict and Surveil by : Sarah Brayne

Download or read book Predict and Surveil written by Sarah Brayne and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020-10-22 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Predict and Surveil offers an unprecedented, inside look at how police use big data and new surveillance technologies. Sarah Brayne conducted years of fieldwork with the LAPD--one of the largest and most technically advanced law enforcement agencies in the world-to reveal the unmet promises and very real perils of police use of data--driven surveillance and analytics.

Future Morality

Author : David Edmonds
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192606654
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Future Morality by : David Edmonds

Download or read book Future Morality written by David Edmonds and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-09-23 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world is changing so fast that it's hard to know how to think about what we ought to do. We barely have time to reflect on how scientific advances will affect our lives before they're upon us. New kinds of dilemma are springing up. Can robots be held responsible for their actions? Will artificial intelligence be able to predict criminal activity? Is the future gender-fluid? Should we strive to become post-human? Should we use drugs to improve our intimate relationships — or to reduce crime? Our intuitions about questions like these are often both weak and confused. David Edmonds has put together a philosophical task force to get to grips with these challenges. Twenty-nine philosophers present provocative and engaging pieces about aspects of life today, and life tomorrow — birth and death, health and medicine, brain and body, personal relationships, wrongdoing and justice, the internet, animals, and the environment. The future won't look the same when you've finished this book.

Criminal Futures

Author : Simon Egbert
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000281825
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Criminal Futures by : Simon Egbert

Download or read book Criminal Futures written by Simon Egbert and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-14 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores how predictive policing transforms police work. Police departments around the world have started to use data-driven applications to produce crime forecasts and intervene into the future through targeted prevention measures. Based on three years of field research in Germany and Switzerland, this book provides a theoretically sophisticated and empirically detailed account of how the police produce and act upon criminal futures as part of their everyday work practices. The authors argue that predictive policing must not be analyzed as an isolated technological artifact, but as part of a larger sociotechnical system that is embedded in organizational structures and occupational cultures. The book highlights how, for crime prediction software to come to matter and play a role in more efficient and targeted police work, several translation processes are needed to align human and nonhuman actors across different divisions of police work. Police work is a key function for the production and maintenance of public order, but it can also discriminate, exclude, and violate civil liberties and human rights. When criminal futures come into being in the form of algorithmically produced risk estimates, this can have wide-ranging consequences. Building on empirical findings, the book presents a number of practical recommendations for the prudent use of algorithmic analysis tools in police work that will speak to the protection of civil liberties and human rights as much as they will speak to the professional needs of police organizations. An accessible and compelling read, this book will appeal to students and scholars of criminology, sociology, and cultural studies as well as to police practitioners and civil liberties advocates, in addition to all those who are interested in how to implement reasonable forms of data-driven policing.

Big Data

Author : Benoit Leclerc
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351029681
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Big Data by : Benoit Leclerc

Download or read book Big Data written by Benoit Leclerc and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-02-14 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The internet has launched the world into an era into which enormous amounts of data are generated every day through technologies with both positive and negative consequences. This often refers to big data . This book explores big data in organisations operating in the criminology and criminal justice fields. Big data entails a major disruption in the ways we think about and do things, which certainly applies to most organisations including those operating in the criminology and criminal justice fields. Big data is currently disrupting processes in most organisations – how different organisations collaborate with one another, how organisations develop products or services, how organisations can identify, recruit, and evaluate talent, how organisations can make better decisions based on empirical evidence rather than intuition, and how organisations can quickly implement any transformation plan, to name a few. All these processes are important to tap into, but two underlying processes are critical to establish a foundation that will permit organisations to flourish and thrive in the era of big data – creating a culture more receptive to big data and implementing a systematic data analytics-driven process within the organisation. Written in a clear and direct style, this book will appeal to students and scholars in criminology, criminal justice, sociology, and cultural studies but also to government agencies, corporate and non-corporate organisations, or virtually any other institution impacted by big data.

Ethics in the AI, Technology, and Information Age

Author : Michael Boylan
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538160765
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics in the AI, Technology, and Information Age by : Michael Boylan

Download or read book Ethics in the AI, Technology, and Information Age written by Michael Boylan and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2022-05-11 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasingly, technology, the Internet and social media are playing a major part in our lives. What should we think about the ethical issues that arise, such as the changing role of intelligent machines in this Information Age? The impact of technology upon society is a perennial question, but the power of computing and artificial intelligence has ratcheted up the ethical implications of this relationship. It merits careful consideration. Ethics in the AI, Technology, and Information Age brings together a cohort of international scholars to explore the ethical ramifications of the latest technologies and their effects on our lives. This it does in three parts: (1) theoretical considerations, (2) practical applications, and (3) challenges. Beginning with theoretical essays, the book investigates the relationship between technology and nature, the limits of being “human” versus “machine,” and the moral implications of artificial intelligence. The book then examines key questions; such as ownership of technology, artificial intelligence’s replacement of human jobs and functions, privacy and cybersecurity, the ethics of self-driving cars, and the problematic aspects of drone warfare. With an appendix of films and documentaries to inspire further discussion on these topics, students and scholars will find Ethics in the AI, Technology, and Information Age an essential and engaging resource both in the classroom and in their daily technology-filled lives.