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Skeletal Muscle Stem Cell Niche From Birth To Old Age
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Book Synopsis Skeletal Muscle Stem Cell Niche from Birth to Old Age by : Sanda Maria Cretoiu
Download or read book Skeletal Muscle Stem Cell Niche from Birth to Old Age written by Sanda Maria Cretoiu and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem cells are defined as undifferentiated cells that are able to unlimitedly renew themselves within controlled conditions and to differentiate into a multitude of mature cell types. Skeletal muscle stem cells, represented predominantly by satellite cells, show a variable capability of self-renewal and myogenic differentiation. They were found to be involved not only in the growth of myofibers during neonatal and juvenile life but also in the regeneration of skeletal muscles after an injury. The microenvironment in which stem cells are nourished and maintained dormant preceding division and differentiation is known as ,Äúniche.,Äù The niche consists of myofibers, which are believed to modulate the active/inactive state of the stem cells, extracellular matrix, neural networks, blood vessels, and a multitude of soluble molecules. It was observed that changes in the composition of the niche have an impact on the stem cell functions and hierarchy. Furthermore, it seems that its layout is variable throughout the entire life, translating into a decrease in the regenerative capacity of satellite cells in aged tissues. The scope of this chapter is to provide a detailed view of the changes that occur in the skeletal stem cell niche during life and to analyze their implications on tissue regeneration. Future studies should focus on developing new therapeutic tools for diseases involving muscle atrophy.
Book Synopsis Role of Stem Cells in Skeletal Muscle Development, Regeneration, Repair, Aging and Disease by : Pura Muñoz-Cánoves
Download or read book Role of Stem Cells in Skeletal Muscle Development, Regeneration, Repair, Aging and Disease written by Pura Muñoz-Cánoves and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-06-29 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adult stem cells are responsible for tissue regeneration and repair throughout life. Their quiescence or activation are tightly regulated by common signalling pathways that often recapitulate those happening during embryonic development, and thus it is important to understand their regulation not only in postnatal life, but also during foetal development. In this regard, skeletal muscle is an interesting tissue since it accounts for a large percentage of body mass (about 40%), it is highly amenable to intervention through exercise and it is also key in metabolic and physiological changes underlying frailty susceptibility in the elderly. While muscle-resident satellite cells are responsible for all myogenic activity in physiological conditions and become senescent in old age, other progenitor cells such as mesoangioblasts do seem to contribute to muscle regeneration and repair after tissue damage. Similarly, fibro-adipogenic precursor cells seem to be key in the aberrant response that fills up the space left from atrophied muscle mass and which ends up with a dysfunctional muscle having vast areas of fatty infiltration and fibrosis. The complex interplay between these stem/progenitor cell types and their niches in normal and pathological conditions throughout life are the subjects of intense investigation. This eBook highlights recent developments on the role of stem cells in skeletal muscle function, both in prenatal and postnatal life, and their regulation by transcriptional, post-transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms. Additionally, it includes articles on interventions associated with exercise, pathological changes in neuromuscular diseases, and stem cell aging.
Book Synopsis Muscle Regeneration by : Alexander Mauro
Download or read book Muscle Regeneration written by Alexander Mauro and published by Raven Press (ID). This book was released on 1979 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Muscle Stem Cells written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-05-01 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Muscle Stem Cells, Volume 158 in the Current Topics of Developmental Biology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on topics surrounding Muscle stem cell dysfunction in rhabdomyosarcoma and muscular dystrophy, Model systems used to study MuSC function, MuSCs in the growth and maintenance of muscle, Molecular regulation of myocyte fusion, A self-made quiescent niche of muscle stem cells, Characterization of the muscle regenerative environment, Role of microenvironment on muscle stem cell function in health, adaptation, and disease, Vascular Niche for Muscle Stem Cells, Regulation of muscle stem cell polarity in health and disease, and more. Additional chatpers cover Circadian timing of satellite cell function and muscle regeneration, Muscle stem cell activity is regulated by translational control of gene expression, Biomechanical stress in modulating MuSC function, Cross talk between cell types in regenerating muscle, Effects of the immune system on muscle regeneration, Effects of diabetes on MuSC function, and other timely topics. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series Updated release includes the latest information on the Muscle Stem Cells
Book Synopsis Novel Interventions to Recover the Regenerative Capacity of Aged Skeletal Muscle by Targeting the Interactions in the Stem Cell Niche by : Laura Lukjanenko
Download or read book Novel Interventions to Recover the Regenerative Capacity of Aged Skeletal Muscle by Targeting the Interactions in the Stem Cell Niche written by Laura Lukjanenko and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mots-clés de l'autrice: skeletal muscle ; stem cell niche ; aging ; regeneration ; ectopic adipogenesis ; satellite cells ; MuSCs ; FAPs ; extracellular matrix ; apelin.
Book Synopsis Adult Stem Cells in Aging, Diseases and Cancer by : K.L. Rudolph
Download or read book Adult Stem Cells in Aging, Diseases and Cancer written by K.L. Rudolph and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2014-12-22 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The functionality of adult tissue stem cells from various organ systems declines during aging. This publication summarizes novel molecular mechanisms responsible for the development of aging-associated deficiencies as discussed by leading experts during the 5th Else Kröner-Fresenius Symposium. It is the first book that explicitly focuses on molecular mechanisms of stem cell aging and its consequences for disease and cancer development including both cell-intrinsic mechanisms as well as aging-induced alterations in the stem cell niche and the systemic environment. Cutting-edge information on stem cells, aging, cancer, and disease make this publication of special interest to basic researchers in the respective fields. Further, it is also intended for medical doctors in the fields of geriatrics, internal medicine, and cancer as it provides a novel understanding of the evolution of tissue dysfunction, diseases and cancer as a consequence of aging.
Book Synopsis Bioengineering the Human Muscle Stem-Cell Niche for Therapeutic Applications by : Omid Mashinchian
Download or read book Bioengineering the Human Muscle Stem-Cell Niche for Therapeutic Applications written by Omid Mashinchian and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mots-clés de l'auteur: Stem cell therapy ; Skeletal muscle ; Muscle stem cells ; iPSCs ; Mesoderm ; Organoid ; Niche ; Embryoid ; Dystrophin ; Aging.
Book Synopsis Stem Cell Aging: Mechanisms, Consequences, Rejuvenation by : Hartmut Geiger
Download or read book Stem Cell Aging: Mechanisms, Consequences, Rejuvenation written by Hartmut Geiger and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-06 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aging of somatic stem cells reduces cell function and results in dysfunctional organs and tissues, making it an underlying cause of diseases associated with aging. It might even be the primary cause for age-associated attrition of tissue function in organs that heavily rely on stem cells for maintaining homeostasis, like the skin, blood and intestines. Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved is critical for developing approaches to attenuate stem cell aging and could pave the way for improved quality of life among the elderly. Written by highly prominent experts in the field, this book presents the current state of knowledge on these mechanisms. It offers insights into stem cell function, explains in detail the mechanisms of stem cell aging in model organisms as well as mammalian systems and describes related diseases and approaches to attenuating stem cell aging or achieving rejuvenation. The book is intended for all scientists and clinicians working with stem cells, aging mechanisms or age-related diseases.
Book Synopsis Stem Cells: A Cellular Fountain of Youth by : M.P. Mattson
Download or read book Stem Cells: A Cellular Fountain of Youth written by M.P. Mattson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-08-21 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The developmental capabilities and therapeutic potential of stem cells are being revealed in studies of cellular signaling mechanisms that regulate their proliferation, differentiation and survival. "Stem Cells: A Cellular Fountain of Youth" reviews the current state of understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate embryonic and adult stem cells with an emphasis on how aging and age-related disease impact on these mechanisms. Leading authorities detail the properties and therapeutic potential of embryonic stem cells, and stem cell precursors of blood, nervous and muscle and bone cells. Recent advances in deciphering the environmental signals and intrinsic signal transduction pathways that regulate embryonic stem cells are described, and the potential therapeutic uses of these totipotent cells is considered. Analyses of hematopoietic stem cells during aging suggest an important genetic component to the control of their self-renewing capability which may contribute to determination of lifespan. The contribution of lymphocyte depletion to impaired immune function during aging is considered, as is the potential of hematopoietic cells to form other types of cells including neurons. Several chapters cover the remarkable and rapidly advancing field of neural stem cells. The adult brain contains populations of stem cells capable of forming new neurons and glial cells; the signals that regulate these neural stem cells and the involvement of neurogenesis in normal brain function is described. Because of their potential to replace lost or damaged neurons, there has been intense interest in determining the therapeutic potential of stem cells for the treatment of patients with Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, stroke and traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries. Heart and skeletal muscle contain stem cells and the impact of aging and disease on these stem cell populations and the potential of stem cell therapy to recover function of these organs is reviewed. A final example of the fascinating world of stem cells is a review of the roles of stem cells in bone formation and remodeling. Collectively, this book provides a comprehensive, yet concise, view of stem cell molecular biology in the context of aging and age-related disease. This book will be a valuable reference for graduate students and senior scientists interested in the fascinating world of stem cells and their potential use in the clinic.
Book Synopsis Stem Cells and Aging by : Surajit Pathak
Download or read book Stem Cells and Aging written by Surajit Pathak and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-03-17 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem Cells and Aging covers what is known about the effect of time and age on the basic units of life, which are the corresponding tissue-specific or adult stem cells. Even though the concept of stem cells was introduced nearly a century ago by Alexander Maximow, modern stem-cell research began in 1963 when James Till, Ernest McCullough and Lou Siminovitch established assays to detect hematopoietic stem cells. In fact, given the importance of the aging-associated diseases, scientists have developed a keen interest in understanding the aging process as they attempt to define the role of dysfunctional stem cells in the aging process. With an aging population worldwide, understanding these age-related stem cell changes at a basic biology level and at the level of their influences for regenerative medicine is of interest and importance. There is increasing evidence that the aging process can have much adverse effects on stem cells. In the modern era, one of the emerging fields in treating human diseases is stem cell research, as stem cells have the remarkable potential to treat a wide range of diseases. Nevertheless, understanding the molecular mechanism involved in aging and deterioration of stem cell function is crucial in developing effective new therapies for aging. Serves as an ideal reference to guide investigators toward valuable answers to the problems of our aging population Addresses the effect of time and age on human stem cells Includes chapters from contributors exploring the biology of stem cell aging around the globe
Book Synopsis Rejuvenation of the Aged Stem Cell Niche by : Hanadie Yousef
Download or read book Rejuvenation of the Aged Stem Cell Niche written by Hanadie Yousef and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although functional organ stem cells persist in the elderly, tissue damage invariably overwhelms tissue repair, ultimately leading to the failure of major organ systems. It has been demonstrated that the microenvironment, or niche in which adult stem cells reside critically influences stem cell function. The delicate balance between positive and negative signaling regulators controls the decision of adult stem cells to remain quiescent, self-renew or differentiate, a crucial balance for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. In this dissertation, we provide evidence that the same key morphogenic signaling pathways become deregulated with age and contribute to the decline of both hippocampal neurogenesis and skeletal muscle regeneration with aging, leading to the decline in regenerative performance of both brain and muscle tissue stem cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the aged tissue niches can be rejuvenated to enhance native stem cell function in muscle and brain by youthful calibration of the intensity of these morphogenic signaling pathways. In particular, local attenuation of BMP signaling in the aged hippocampus, systemic and local attenuation of TGF-beta signaling in both the aged hippocampus and aged skeletal muscle, and specific proteins secreted by human embryonic stem cells that act through MAPK and Notch signaling rejuvenate brain and muscle tissue precursor cell function by normalizing the signaling strength of the pathways that are chronically overexpressed or underexpressed with aging. Summarily, by better understanding the age-imposed decline in the regenerative capacity of stem cells, the debilitating lack of organ maintenance in the old, including decline in neurogenesis and skeletal muscle regeneration, can be ameliorated.
Book Synopsis Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells by : Atsushi Asakura
Download or read book Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells written by Atsushi Asakura and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-30 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume looks at the latest technologies and methods--combined with new genetic tools available in animal models--used in this constantly evolving field. The chapters in this book are organized into three sections: Section one covers muscle stem cells and progenitor cells; Section Two discusses animal models for muscle stem cells and regeneration; and Section Three explores bioinformatics and imaging analysis for muscle stem cells. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and comprehensive, Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells and Regeneration: Methods and Protocols is a valuable tool for all researchers looking to expand their knowledge on skeletal muscle growth, repair, degeneration, aging, and regenerative medicine.
Book Synopsis Muscle Cell and Tissue by : Kunihiro Sakuma
Download or read book Muscle Cell and Tissue written by Kunihiro Sakuma and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-10-10 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to complete tissue regeneration, various cells (neuronal, skeletal and smooth) interact coordinately with each other. This book, Muscle Cell and Tissue - Current Status of Research Field, deals with current progress and perspectives in a variety of topics on the skeletal and smooth muscle, stem cells, regeneration, disease or therapeutics. Novel applications for cell and tissue engineering including cell therapy, tissue models and disease pathology modeling are introduced. This book also deals with the differentiation/de-differentiation process of vascular smooth muscle cells in health and disease. Furthermore, natural products to reverse metabolic syndromes are descriptively reviewed. These chapters can be interesting for graduate students, teachers, physicians, executives and researchers in the field of molecular biology and regenerative medicine.
Book Synopsis Effects of the Local Organ and Systemic Environments on Stem Cell Aging by : Morgan Erik Carlson
Download or read book Effects of the Local Organ and Systemic Environments on Stem Cell Aging written by Morgan Erik Carlson and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work uncovers mechanisms of aging within stem cell niches that are evolutionarily conserved between mice and humans, and affect both embryonic and adult stem cells. Specifically, the effects of aged muscle and systemic niches on key molecular identifiers of regenerative potential of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and postnatal muscle stem cells (satellite cells) were examined. Results reveal that aged differentiated niches dominantly inhibit the expression of Oct4 in hESC and Myf-5 in activated satellite cells, and reduce proliferation and myogenic differentiation of both embryonic and tissue specific adult stem cells (ASCs). Therefore, the ability of hESCs, and the more differentiated myogenic ASCs to contribute to tissue repair in the old will be restricted, due to the conserved inhibitory influence of aged differentiated niches. Additionally, this work establishes that hESC-derived factors enhance the regenerative potential of both young and importantly, aged muscle stem cells in vitro and in vivo; thus, suggesting that the regenerative outcome of stem cell-based replacement therapies will be determined by a balance between negative influences of aged tissues on transplanted cells and positive effects of embryonic cells on the endogenous regenerative capacity.
Book Synopsis Muscle Homeostasis and Regeneration by : Antonio Musarò
Download or read book Muscle Homeostasis and Regeneration written by Antonio Musarò and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-11-20 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is a collection of original research and review articles addressing the intriguing field of the cellular and molecular players involved in muscle homeostasis and regeneration. One of the most ambitious aspirations of modern medical science is the possibility of regenerating any damaged part of the body, including skeletal muscle. This desire has prompted clinicians and researchers to search for innovative technologies aimed at replacing organs and tissues that are compromised. In this context, the papers, collected in this book, addressing a specific aspects of muscle homeostasis and regeneration under physiopathologic conditions, will help us to better understand the underlying mechanisms of muscle healing and will help to design more appropriate therapeutic approaches to improve muscle regeneration and to counteract muscle diseases.
Book Synopsis The Skeletal Muscle Stem Cell Niche by : Alice Pannerec
Download or read book The Skeletal Muscle Stem Cell Niche written by Alice Pannerec and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Satellite cells are considered the major source of muscle progenitors, however, other populations with myogenic popential have been discovered. We have identified a new muscle-resident non-satellite cell population, termed PICs, which can differentiate into three different lineages, skeletal muscle, smooth muscle and fat. PICs rescue satellite cells from myostatin inhibition in vitro through follistatin release. When myostatin is inactivated in vivo, PICs number is markedly increased and mice display hypertrophied muscles. While recent studies have demonstrated that muscle regeneration cannot occur without satellite cells, we show that muscle regeneration is restored when mice have been previously treated with a myostatin inhibitor. We postulate that PICs have participated in muscle repair rescue, and thus constitute an interesting population to be targeted for pharmaceutical strategies aimed at improving skeletal muscle mass and function.
Download or read book Cerebral Palsy written by Freeman Miller and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2006-05-08 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When a child has a health problem, parents want answers. But when a child has cerebral palsy, the answers don't come quickly. A diagnosis of this complex group of chronic conditions affecting movement and coordination is difficult to make and is typically delayed until the child is eighteen months old. Although the condition may be mild or severe, even general predictions about long-term prognosis seldom come before the child's second birthday. Written by a team of experts associated with the Cerebral Palsy Program at the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, this authoritative resource provides parents and families with vital information that can help them cope with uncertainty. Thoroughly updated and revised to incorporate the latest medical advances, the second edition is a comprehensive guide to cerebral palsy. The book is organized into three parts. In the first, the authors describe specific patterns of involvement (hemiplegia, diplegia, quadriplegia), explain the medical and psychosocial implications of these conditions, and tell parents how to be effective advocates for their child. In the second part, the authors provide a wealth of practical advice about caregiving from nutrition to mobility. Part three features an extensive alphabetically arranged encyclopedia that defines and describes medical terms and diagnoses, medical and surgical procedures, and orthopedic and other assistive devices. Also included are lists of resources and recommended reading.
