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Author : Shawanna Vidal Blaze
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (312 download)
Download or read book An Analysis of Earned Income Tax Credit written by Shawanna Vidal Blaze and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : William K. Lennon
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 54 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (232 download)
Download or read book The Effect of the Earned Income Tax Credit on Single Mothers' Employment Decisions written by William K. Lennon and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Bruce D. Meyer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)
Download or read book Welfare, the Earned Income Tax Credit, and the Labor Supply of Single Mothers written by Bruce D. Meyer and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During 1984-96, welfare and tax policy changed dramatically. The Earned Income Tax Credit was expanded, welfare benefits were cut, welfare time limits were added and cases were terminated, Medicaid for the working poor was expanded, training programs were redirected, and subsidized or free child care was expanded. Many of the program changes were intended to encourage low income women to work. During this same time period there were unprecedented increases in the employment and hours of single mothers, particularly those with young children. In this paper, we first document these large changes in policies and employment. We then examine if the policy changes are the reason for the large increases in single mothers' labor supply. We find evidence that a large share of the increase in work by single mothers can be attributed to the EITC, with smaller shares for welfare benefit reductions, welfare waivers, changes in training programs, and child care expansions. We also find that most of these policies increased hours worked. Our results indicate that financial incentives through the tax and welfare systems have substantial effects on single mothers' labor supply decisions.
Author : Kartik Athreya
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (88 download)
Download or read book Single Mothers and the Earned Income Tax Credit written by Kartik Athreya and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Elisa M. Olivieri
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (416 download)
Download or read book The Impact of the Earned Income Tax Credit on the Educational Investments of Single Mothers written by Elisa M. Olivieri and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)
Download or read book The Earned Income Tax Credit and Expected Social Security Benefits Among Low-income Mothers written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) has been found to lead to increases in employment and earnings growth for low-educated women. That increased employment and earnings may result in a greater fraction of those women qualifying for Social Security benefits and their receiving a higher benefit in the event they do qualify. In this study, we determine the extent to which the labor supply responses to the EITC will improve the financial security of low-income women when they near retirement age. We use data from the 1993 and 1996 SIPP-SSA matched data files and the CWHS to estimate the impact of EITC expansions on employment, quarters of coverage, and earnings growth. Earlier research exploited the differential expansions in the credit for single mothers with two or more qualifying children and for single mothers with only one child. Those results, consistent with our earlier work, show that the EITC increased both employment and earnings growth of single mothers in the 5 years following expansion. We then simulate the impact of EITC expansion on the Average Indexed Monthly Earnings (AIME) amount and the Primary Insurance Amount (PIA) of a sample of low-educated women. The results show that the EITC increases the share of women who are eligible for Social Security retirement benefits by between 2% and 3%. Further, we find that lifetime earnings increase by between 6% and 17% and the AIME by a similar amount.
Author : Saul D. Hoffman
Publisher : W.E. Upjohn Institute
ISBN 13 : 0880992549
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Helping Working Families written by Saul D. Hoffman and published by W.E. Upjohn Institute. This book was released on 2003 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gives an overview of the EITC and makes recommendations for changes.
Author : Neil Nabar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 110 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (77 download)
Download or read book Incentive Or Disincentive? written by Neil Nabar and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Bruce D. Meyer
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610443942
Total Pages : 413 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Making Work Pay written by Bruce D. Meyer and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2002-01-10 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its inception under President Ford in 1975, the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) has become the largest antipoverty program for the non-elderly in the United States. In 1998, more than nineteen million families received EITC payments, and the program lifted over four million Americans above the poverty line. Despite the rapid growth of the EITC throughout the 1990s, little has been written about how the program works or how it affects low-income families. Making Work Pay provides the first full-scale examination of the EITC, exploring its effects on income distribution, poverty, work, and marriage. Making Work Pay opens with a history of the EITC—its emergence in the 1970s as a pro-work, low-cost antipoverty program and its expansion through the 1980s and 1990s. The central chapters in the volume look at the substantial impact of the EITC on work incentives in recent years and show that the program, in combination with welfare reform and a strong economy, has led to an unprecedented increase in the employment of single mothers. In one study, researchers conclude that the EITC—with its stipulation that one family member be a wage earner—was the most important change in work incentives for single mothers between 1984 and 1996, a period when the employment rate of single mothers rose sharply. Several chapters outline proposals for reforming the program, addressing the concerns by policymakers about the work disincentives that rise as benefits fall with increasing income. Finally, Making Work Pay examines how EITC recipients view the credit and what they do with it once they get it. The contributors find that not only does EITC's lump-sum payment increase consumption but it also allows recipients to make changes in economic status. Many families use the end-of-the-year payment as a form of forced savings, enabling them to save for home improvement, a new car, or other purchases to improve their lives, and providing the extra economic cushion needed to move beyond mere day-to-day survival. Comprehensive in scope, Making Work Pay is an indispensable resource for policymakers, administrators, and researchers seeking to understand the ramifications of the country's largest programs for aiding the working poor.
Author : Sarah Halpern-Meekin
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520959221
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (29 download)
Download or read book It's Not Like I'm Poor written by Sarah Halpern-Meekin and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2015-01-14 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world of welfare has changed radically. As the poor trade welfare checks for low-wage jobs, their low earnings qualify them for a hefty check come tax time—a combination of the earned income tax credit and other refunds. For many working parents this one check is like hitting the lottery, offering several months’ wages as well as the hope of investing in a better future. Drawing on interviews with 115 families, the authors look at how parents plan to use this annual cash windfall to build up savings, go back to school, and send their kids to college. However, these dreams of upward mobility are often dashed by the difficulty of trying to get by on meager wages. In accessible and engaging prose, It’s Not Like I’m Poor examines the costs and benefits of the new work-based safety net, suggesting ways to augment its strengths so that more of the working poor can realize the promise of a middle-class life.
Download or read book Building Assets, Building Futures written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Earned Income Tax Credit (ETIC) is a refundable tax credit given to low-income workers in amounts that vary by marital status, number of children, and income level. It is considered one of the most successful anti-poverty tools in the United States. A large portion of those receiving the EITC are single mothers, many recently entering the labor force after moving off welfare. Using a sample of women ages 37-45 in 2002 from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79), this study shows that in addition to helping move families out of poverty, the EITC also has a positive impact on asset-building for low-income mothers. For example, single mothers making less than $35,000 per year who took the EITC in 2001 had a 7 to 11 percentage point increase in the probability of initiating savings or owning a car or owning a home in 2004 over their peers who did not make an EITC claim in 2001. These results imply that even when wealth-building is defined in this narrow sense, low-income workers are able to use some of their EITC to promote economic stability. A broader definition of wealth-building behavior that included paying off credit card debt, buying durable goods like washing machines, and pre-paying rent would most likely demonstrate a greater propensity to set aside current benefits for future gain. Because lack of wealth is at least equally responsible for keeping poor families poor, this study shows that government programs that link the EITC to asset-building opportunities, such as Individual Development Accounts (IDA), have considerable promise.
Author : National Bureau of Economic Research
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226533568
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (335 download)
Download or read book Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States written by National Bureau of Economic Research and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2003-10-15 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few United States government programs are as controversial as those designed to aid the poor. From tax credits to medical assistance, aid to needy families is surrounded by debate—on what benefits should be offered, what forms they should take, and how they should be administered. The past few decades, in fact, have seen this debate lead to broad transformations of aid programs themselves, with Aid to Families with Dependent Children replaced by Temporary Assistance to Needy Families, the Earned Income Tax Credit growing from a minor program to one of the most important for low-income families, and Medicaid greatly expanding its eligibility. This volume provides a remarkable overview of how such programs actually work, offering an impressive wealth of information on the nation's nine largest "means-tested" programs—that is, those in which some test of income forms the basis for participation. For each program, contributors describe origins and goals, summarize policy histories and current rules, and discuss the recipient's characteristics as well as the different types of benefits they receive. Each chapter then provides an overview of scholarly research on each program, bringing together the results of the field's most rigorous statistical examinations. The result is a fascinating portrayal of the evolution and current state of means-tested programs, one that charts a number of shifts in emphasis—the decline of cash assistance, for instance, and the increasing emphasis on work. This exemplary portrait of the nation's safety net will be an invaluable reference for anyone interested in American social policy.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The Initial Impacts of Welfare Reform on the Incomes of Single-mother Families written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Kartik Athreya
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Young Unskilled Women and the Earned Income Tax Credit written by Kartik Athreya and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) is the single most important transfer program in place in the United States. An aspect of the EITC that has received little attention thus far is its role as a public insurance program. Yet, the structure of the EITC necessarily protects its primary class of recipients, unskilled single mothers, against major risks they face to both wages and changes in family structure. Our study provides the first quantitative statement about the insurance provided by the EITC. We study a dynamic model of consumption, savings, and labor supply in which households face wage and demographic risk, but have only limited self-insurance capacity. We use the model to compare outcomes under the EITC to the counterfactual in which it is completely eliminated. We find that the EITC provides substantial insurance to unskilled single mothers: The program reduces consumption volatility, as measured by the coefficient of the variation, by 12 percentage points or more, even as it allows these households to save less. Importantly, this insurance provision may not be compromising incentives to work: The model suggests that the EITC increases the labor supply of unskilled single mothers substantially at the extensive margin.
Author : United States. Internal Revenue Service
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)
Download or read book Advance Earned Income Tax Credit written by United States. Internal Revenue Service and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)
Download or read book U.S. Tax Guide for Aliens written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309483980
Total Pages : 619 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)
Download or read book A Roadmap to Reducing Child Poverty written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-09-16 with total page 619 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The strengths and abilities children develop from infancy through adolescence are crucial for their physical, emotional, and cognitive growth, which in turn help them to achieve success in school and to become responsible, economically self-sufficient, and healthy adults. Capable, responsible, and healthy adults are clearly the foundation of a well-functioning and prosperous society, yet America's future is not as secure as it could be because millions of American children live in families with incomes below the poverty line. A wealth of evidence suggests that a lack of adequate economic resources for families with children compromises these children's ability to grow and achieve adult success, hurting them and the broader society. A Roadmap to Reducing Child Poverty reviews the research on linkages between child poverty and child well-being, and analyzes the poverty-reducing effects of major assistance programs directed at children and families. This report also provides policy and program recommendations for reducing the number of children living in poverty in the United States by half within 10 years.
