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Simultaneous Measurements Of Temperature And Density In Air Flows Using Uv Laser Spectroscopy
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Book Synopsis Simultaneous Measurements of Temperature and Density in Air Flows Using UV Laser Spectroscopy by : D. G. Fletcher
Download or read book Simultaneous Measurements of Temperature and Density in Air Flows Using UV Laser Spectroscopy written by D. G. Fletcher and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Measurements of Density, Temperature, and Their Fluctuations in Turbulent Supersonic Flow Using UV Laser Spectroscopy by :
Download or read book Measurements of Density, Temperature, and Their Fluctuations in Turbulent Supersonic Flow Using UV Laser Spectroscopy written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonintrusive measurements of density, temperature, and their turbulent fluctuation levels have been obtained in the boundary layer of an unseeded, Mach 2 wind tunnel flow. The spectroscopic techniques that was used to make the measurements is based on the combination of laser-induced oxygen fluorescence and Raman scattering by oxygen and nitrogen from the same laser pulse. Results from this demonstration experiment are compared with previous measurements obtained in the same facility using conventional probes and an earlier spectroscopic technique. Densities and temperatures measured with the current technique agree with the previous surveys to within 3% and 2%, respectively. The fluctuation amplitudes for both variable agree with the measurements obtained using the earlier spectroscopic technique and show evidence of an unsteady, weak shock wave that perturbs the boundary layer. (Author).
Book Synopsis New Trends in Instrumentation for Hypersonic Research by : A. Boutier
Download or read book New Trends in Instrumentation for Hypersonic Research written by A. Boutier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of the growing interest in hypersonic flows, the AGARD Fluid Dynamics Panel initiated a sub-working group on instrumentation for hypersonics in 1989. This sub-group, chaired by J. WENDT (VKI -Belgium), was composed of: A. BOUTIER (ONERA -France), K. BUTEFISCH (DLR -Germany), R. CATTOLICA (SANDIA Lab. -USA), V. CLINE (AEDC -USA), A. GIRARD (ONERA -France), R. McKENZIE (NASA Ames -USA), S. OCHELTREE (NASA Langley -USA) and G. SMEETS (ISL -Franco-German Inst.). As a result of several meetings, the idea came to organize this workshop, 27th April - 1st May 1992, on "New Trends in Instrumentation for Hypersonic Research", at Le Fauga-Mauzac ONERA center, in France, where the new hot-shot arc-heated facility F4, as well as a new conference building, were recently completed. This workshop has been organized in close connection with the AGARD FDP Symposium to be held in Torino 4 - 8 May 1992 on "Theoretical and Experimental Methods in Hypersonic Flows": the main conclusions and ideas expressed by the papers and during the discussions of this workshop are reported in session 7 and have been presented in Torino in a special Instrumentation session. As chairman of this workshop, I express many thanks to the Organizing Committee composed of Karl BUTEFISCH, Andre GIRARD, Stewart OCHELTREE and John WENDT for their very constructive help, leading to a meeting that was recognized to be very fruitful for all the participants.
Book Synopsis Laser-spectroscopic Measurement Techniques for Hypersonic, Turbulent Wind Tunnel Flows by :
Download or read book Laser-spectroscopic Measurement Techniques for Hypersonic, Turbulent Wind Tunnel Flows written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa Publisher :Independently Published ISBN 13 :9781792670725 Total Pages :30 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (77 download)
Book Synopsis Laser-Spectroscopic Measurement Techniques for Hypersonic, Turbulent Wind Tunnel Flows by : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa
Download or read book Laser-Spectroscopic Measurement Techniques for Hypersonic, Turbulent Wind Tunnel Flows written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-12-29 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A review is given of the nature, present status, and capabilities of two laser spectroscopic methods for the simultaneous measurement of temperature, density, and their fluctuations owing to turbulence in high speed wind tunnel flows. One method is based on the two frequency excitation of nitric oxide seeded into a nitrogen flow, using tunable dye lasers. The second, more recent method relies on the excitation of oxygen in air flows using a tunable, ArF excimer laser. Signal are obtained from both the laser induced fluorescence and from Raman scattering of the same laser pulse. Measurements are demonstrated in the turbulent boundary layer of a Mach-2 channel flow. Mckenzie, Robert L. and Fletcher, Douglas G. Ames Research Center NASA-TM-103928, A-92076, NAS 1.15:103928 RTOP 505-59-40...
Download or read book 91-0434 - 91-0470 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis 31st Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit: 93-0003 - 93-0049 by :
Download or read book 31st Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit: 93-0003 - 93-0049 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Practical Temperature Measurement by : Peter Childs
Download or read book Practical Temperature Measurement written by Peter Childs and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-10-15 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical Temperature Measurement introduces the concepts of temperature and its measurement to engineers, physicists and chemists of all disciplines. The author describes the wide range of techniques and specific devices available for temperature measurement and provides guidance for the selection of a particular method for a given application. It is of value to engineering and physics postgraduates studying modules on instrumentation and process control and, in addition, for practical project work requiring an understanding of temperature measurement methods. For postgraduates and industrialists faced with the task of selecting a particular measurement method or sensor for an experiment, product or process, this text provides both thorough descriptions of the various techniques, as well as guidance for their selection. Essential for all those who need to measure temperature in real-life situations Includes worked examples of real situations commonly found in industry
Book Synopsis 30th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit: 92-0760 - 92-0809 by :
Download or read book 30th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit: 92-0760 - 92-0809 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ultraviolet Laser Absorption Studies of the Vibrational Relaxation and Reaction Kinetics of Shock-heated Air Species by : Jesse William Streicher
Download or read book Ultraviolet Laser Absorption Studies of the Vibrational Relaxation and Reaction Kinetics of Shock-heated Air Species written by Jesse William Streicher and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This series of experimental studies leverages ultraviolet (UV) laser absorption diagnostics to probe quantum-state-specific time-histories, which are subsequently used to infer vibrational relaxation and reaction kinetics rate parameters for shock-heated air species. Validation of high-fidelity models for high-temperature hypersonic flows requires high-accuracy kinetics data, motivating these time-history and rate parameter measurements. Experiments were performed in a pressure-driven shock tube, with measurements made behind reflected shocks. Additionally, three new UV laser absorption diagnostics were developed to sensitively probe absorbance, temperature, and number density time-histories. Specific wavelengths were chosen to probe oxygen (O2) in multiple vibrational levels and nitric oxide (NO) in multiple rotational levels, enabling the inference of multiple temperatures and number densities. These time-histories enabled inferences of rate parameters for vibrational relaxation, coupled vibration-dissociation, and NO decomposition processes with low uncertainty. The combined use of reflected shocks and UV laser absorption diagnostics resulted in time-histories and rate parameters that address the need for low-uncertainty, quantum-state-specific data for validation of high-fidelity computational models of high-temperature air. Reflected shock experiments benefit time-history and rate parameter measurements by accessing a wide range of post-shock conditions and mixtures, by observing a well-defined time-zero for inferring rate parameters, and by nearly stagnating the test gas, thereby avoiding impacts of flow effects on rate measurements. Experimental temperatures ranged from 2,000 - 14,000 K, pressures from 0.022 - 1.524 atm, and test gases containing pure O2, mixtures of 2%, 5%, 20%, and 50% O2 diluted in argon (Ar), mixtures of 10% and 21% O2 diluted in nitrogen (N2), and mixtures of 2%, 1%, and 0.4% NO diluted in either pure Ar, pure N2, or equal parts N2/Ar. For all of the mixtures considered, measurements were made at higher temperatures than any past studies, and measurements at 14,000 K represent a significant advancement in the use of reflected-shock experiments to probe high-temperature nonequilibrium phenomena. Besides extending data to high temperatures, the range of mixture compositions also extended the available rate data for the O2 and NO interactions with N2 that strongly influence high-temperature air. Three UV lasers -- two continuous-wave (CW) lasers and one pulsed laser -- measured absorbance time-histories from the fourth, fifth, and sixth vibrational levels of the electronic ground state of O2 and multiple rotational states in the ground vibrational and electronic state of NO. The absorbance time-histories subsequently yielded post-shock time-histories for vibrational temperature, translational/rotational temperature, total number density, and vibrational-state-specific number density. These state-specific temperature and number density time-histories demonstrated low uncertainty, as needed for high-temperature model validation, while also providing data to higher temperature than previous experiments. Five studies were completed to investigate high-temperature vibrational relaxation and reaction kinetics -- three for O2 and two for NO. For each study, the absorbance sensitivity to each of the reaction rate parameters was quantified, thereby informing the fitting windows and demonstrating the changing reaction sensitivity over the experimental test time. The sensitivity and time-histories were used to infer multiple rate parameters, and the results were compared to a range of models and literature studies. In the first study, the three vibrational relaxation times that influence O2 in high-temperature air were inferred from vibrational temperature time-histories. These measurements were sufficiently sensitive to distinguish between vibration-translation (VT) and vibration-vibration (VV) relaxation processes. Results for O2-O2 VT times agree with the Millikan and White correlation at temperatures below 4,000 K, while high-temperature data deviate from the Millikan and White correlation exhibiting a reduced temperature dependence. In contrast, data for O2-N2 VT times exceed the Millikan and White correlation by 70% at all temperatures but show reasonable agreement with previous data below 5,000 K. High-temperature results again show a reduced temperature dependence, but this study shows longer relaxation times than previous work. Finally, the data for O2-N2 VV times exceed the semi-empirical relation developed by Berend et al. by 70%, but overlap with previous measurements. Due to insensitivity of the chemical system to VV transfer at high temperatures, results for O2-N2 VV times were only inferred below 6,000 K. The full set of rate data thereby clarify three of the five important relaxation processes in air, while extending available data to nearly 9,000 K. In the second and third studies, shock-tube experiments with UV laser absorption were performed to measure quantum-state-specific time-histories and coupled vibration-dissociation (CVDV) rate parameters in shock-heated, nondilute O2 and oxygen-argon (O2/Ar) mixtures. The second study established the methodology in highly dilute O2/Ar mixtures, with the third study extending the method to investigate O2-O2 and O2-O interactions. The analysis of the temperature and number density time-histories allowed inference of rate parameters in the Marrone and Treanor CVDV model, including vibrational relaxation time, average vibrational energy loss, vibrational coupling factor, and dissociation rate coefficients. Results for each of these seven parameters show reasonable consistency across the range of temperatures, pressures, and mixtures and generally agree with a modified Marrone and Treanor (MMT) model by Chaudhry et al. Finally, results for these rate parameters exhibit much lower scatter than previous experimental studies and extend measurements to higher temperatures than previous experiments. These CVDV studies demonstrated the inference of coupling parameters in O2 experiments and extended rate data to nearly 14,000 K. In the fourth and fifth studies, the shock tube and UV laser absorption diagnostics were extended to probe NO vibrational relaxation and decomposition. The fourth study leveraged pure Ar dilution to investigate the autocatalytic decomposition of NO, while the fifth study extended time-history and rate measurements to dilution in N2 and equal parts N2/Ar. For these experiments, the absorbance, temperature, and number-density time-histories yielded four vibrational relaxation times and five rate coefficients for multiple NO decomposition reactions with reduced scatter and uncertainty. Few studies have directly inferred the NO-N2 rates from experiments, emphasizing the novelty of these data. Generally, these rate data are consistent with data from the literature, although NO VT times are observed to differ strongly from both the Millikan and White correlation and Park two-temperature model. Additionally, the NO-N2 VV time is four times slower than an inference from Taylor et al. The reaction rate coefficients are consistent with previous work by Wray and Teare, although the dissociation reaction rate coefficients notably differ from the Park two-temperature model. Together, the available data for NO vibrational relaxation and decomposition were extended to nearly 9,000 K. Overall, these experiments determined eight vibrational relaxation times, eight reaction rate coefficients, and two coupling parameters, providing low-uncertainty rate data and extending the available data to high temperatures. The rate parameters were directly compared to available model and literature values, but the full set of data broadly enable model validation. Zero-dimensional model results can be compared to the particle-time-adjusted time-history measurements, whereas models that include the one-dimensional incident and reflected shock processes can be compared to the lab-time measurements. Measuring 5 mm from the endwall ensured the difference between particle time and lab time was small. Similarly, the available data provide many options for the wide variety of nonequilibrium model frameworks, and details of the frameworks and comparisons to the current data are included throughout the various studies. As a specific example using the current time-histories for model validation, the O2/Ar time-histories were compared against state-to state modeling, and the temperature and state-specific number density time-histories agree reasonably well with the state-to-state modeling at low temperatures but deviate significantly at high temperatures. Additional validation studies are anticipated, enabling many more opportunities for model refinement and validation.
Book Synopsis 34th Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit by :
Download or read book 34th Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Introduction to Optics and Lasers in Engineering by : Gabriel Laufer
Download or read book Introduction to Optics and Lasers in Engineering written by Gabriel Laufer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-07-13 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a very short time, lasers advanced from research interest to increasingly useful, commercially available tools for material processing, precision measurements, surgery, communication, and even entertainment. This 1996 book provides the background in theoretical physics necessary to understand engineering applications. It summarises relevant theories of geometrical optics, physical optics, quantum optics, and laser physics and ties them to applications in such areas as fluid mechanics, combustion, surface analysis, material processing and laser machining. Advanced topics such as laser Doppler velocimetry, laser-induced fluorescence, and holography are clearly and thoroughly explained. The book includes numerous examples and homework problems. A unique feature is the advanced research problems in each chapter that simulate real-world research and encourage independent reading and analysis.
Book Synopsis Laser Raman Diagnostics in Subsonic and Supersonic Turbulent Jet Diffusion Flames by : T. S. Cheng
Download or read book Laser Raman Diagnostics in Subsonic and Supersonic Turbulent Jet Diffusion Flames written by T. S. Cheng and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Instrument for the Simultaneous Measurement of Velocity, Temperature and Density in Unseeded Air Flows by :
Download or read book An Instrument for the Simultaneous Measurement of Velocity, Temperature and Density in Unseeded Air Flows written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development and the design of advanced hypersonic vehicles such as the National Aerospace Plane (NASP) or the Space Shuttle will strongly depend on computer simulation mainly because some of the flight conditions experienced by these vehicles will be difficult or prohibitively expensive to create in ground facilities. Computer simulation will be used to reduce the need for expensive test time or will replace those experimental tests which can not be performed. However, computer simulations require validation before their results can be accepted. These validation tests, which must be performed in hypersonic and turbulent air flows, require the simultaneous measurement of air temperature, density and velocity at a high temporal and spatial resolution which will allow to resolve turbulence structures. (JES).
Book Synopsis Optical Technologies for Aerospace Sensing by : James E. Pearson
Download or read book Optical Technologies for Aerospace Sensing written by James E. Pearson and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SPIE Critical Reviews cover a variety of optics-related topics.
Book Synopsis International Aerospace Abstracts by :
Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Japanese Science and Technology by :
Download or read book Japanese Science and Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: