Simultaneous Chemical and Sensory Characterization of VOCs and Semi-VOCs Emitted from Swine Manure Using SPME and Multidimensional Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry-olfactometry System

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (788 download)

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Book Synopsis Simultaneous Chemical and Sensory Characterization of VOCs and Semi-VOCs Emitted from Swine Manure Using SPME and Multidimensional Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry-olfactometry System by : Yin-Cheung Miranda Lo

Download or read book Simultaneous Chemical and Sensory Characterization of VOCs and Semi-VOCs Emitted from Swine Manure Using SPME and Multidimensional Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry-olfactometry System written by Yin-Cheung Miranda Lo and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Swine operations are associated with emissions of odor, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other gases. One of the major sources of VOCs and odor is the manure. However, relatively little is known about VOCs and gases emitted and their relationship to the malodor. It is critical to characterize swine manure VOCs and malodorous gases to improve the understanding of the environmental impact of swine operations. This knowledge is also needed to develop and evaluate odor and gas emission strategies and technologies. In this research, solid phase microextraction (SPME) and multidimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry (MDGC-MS-O) system were used to identify VOCs and other gases emitted from swine manure. This analytical system enabled simultaneous chemical and sensory analyses of air samples. Manure was collected and transferred into individual vials in the laboratory. Gas samples were extracted from vial headspace using Carboxen/Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) 85 [Mu]m SPME fibers and were analyzed using the MDGC-MS-0 system. Twenty-four-hour SPME extractions were used to improve the detection limits for semi-volatile organics and compounds with small affinity to SPME fiber coating. The MDGC-MS-0 system was equipped with two columns in series with a system of valves allowing transfer of samples between columns (heartcutting). Thirty-second-wide heartcuts were used to maximize the isolation, separation and identification of compounds emitted from swine manure. The odor impact of separated compounds was evaluated by a trained panelist using the sniff port and Aromatrax odor characterization software. Odor was evaluated for character and intensity. A total of 295 compounds with molecular weights ranging from 34 (H2S) to 260 (1-chloro-hexadecane) were identified using analytical software BenchTop/PBM and MS ChemStation. One hundred and thirteen were positively confirmed with pure standards. Seventy one of the 295 compounds had a distinct odor/aroma and several had a strong impact on the characteristic swine odor. The correlations between compounds emitted from swine manure and their physicochemical properties were studied. Carbon number, boiling point, vapor pressure, water solubility, octanol-water partitioning coefficient (logK[subscript ow]), atmospheric lifetime ([Tau]) based on reactions with OH· radicals, gas-phase molecular diffusion coefficient (D[subscript g]), liquid-phase molecular diffusion coefficient (D1), Henry's law constant (H[subscript c]) and odor characteristics were summarized.

Solid-Phase Microextraction

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Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 303928262X
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (392 download)

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Book Synopsis Solid-Phase Microextraction by : Constantinos K. Zacharis

Download or read book Solid-Phase Microextraction written by Constantinos K. Zacharis and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-02-07 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the most recent research activities and achievements regarding to the solid phase microextraction (SPME) technique. It is a powerful sample preparation tool that addresses the new challenges of analytical laboratories. Among others, its fundamental applications involved the sampling of volatile compounds from various matrixes. The demonstrated topics ranged from aroma characterization of various fruits, essential oils to the utilization of SPME for in-tube extraction and isolation of selected compounds from complex samples followed by state-of-the-art analytical techniques.

Chemical Signals in Vertebrates 14

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030176169
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemical Signals in Vertebrates 14 by : Christina D. Buesching

Download or read book Chemical Signals in Vertebrates 14 written by Christina D. Buesching and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-19 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In August 2017, the Chemical Signals in Vertebrates (CSiV) group held its 14th triennial meeting at Cardiff University in Wales. This well established international conference brings together leaders and students in the field of olfactory communication and chemical signaling of vertebrates to present new advances in their research as well as synopses of disparate areas under new angles. This volume is a collection of the proceedings of this meeting authored by leading experts in this field that covers a wide variety of topics in chemical ecology.

RAMIRAN 2017: Sustainable Utilisation of Manures and Residue Resources in Agriculture

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 288963227X
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis RAMIRAN 2017: Sustainable Utilisation of Manures and Residue Resources in Agriculture by : Tom Misselbrook

Download or read book RAMIRAN 2017: Sustainable Utilisation of Manures and Residue Resources in Agriculture written by Tom Misselbrook and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-12-30 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook presents highlight papers from the 17th International conference of the Recycling of Agricultural, Municipal and Industrial Residues to Agriculture Network (RAMIRAN) that was held in Wexford, Ireland in September 2017. The book contains a broad range of papers around this multidisciplinary theme covering topics including regional and national organic resource use planning, impact of livestock diet on manure composition, fate and utilisation of excreta from grazing livestock, anaerobic digestion, overcoming barriers to resource reuse, hygienic aspects of residue recycling and impacts on soil health. The overarching theme being addressed is the sustainable recycling of organic residues to agriculture, to promote effective nutrient use and minimise environmental impact.

Commencement

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Commencement by : Iowa State University

Download or read book Commencement written by Iowa State University and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Master's Theses Directories

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Master's Theses Directories by :

Download or read book Master's Theses Directories written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Education, arts and social sciences, natural and technical sciences in the United States and Canada".

Handbook of Solid Phase Microextraction

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0123914493
Total Pages : 497 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Solid Phase Microextraction by : Janusz Pawliszyn

Download or read book Handbook of Solid Phase Microextraction written by Janusz Pawliszyn and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-12-01 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relatively new technique of solid phase microextraction (SPME) is an important tool to prepare samples both in the lab and on-site. SPME is a "green" technology because it eliminates organic solvents from analytical laboratory and can be used in environmental, food and fragrance, and forensic and drug analysis. This handbook offers a thorough background of the theory and practical implementation of SPME. SPME protocols are presented outlining each stage of the method and providing useful tips and potential pitfalls. In addition, devices and fiber coatings, automated SPME systems, SPME method development, and In Vivo applications are discussed. This handbook is essential for its discussion of the latest SPME developments as well as its in depth information on the history, theory, and practical application of the method. - Practical application of Solid Phase Microextraction methods including detailed steps - Provides history of extraction methods to better understand the process - Suitable for all levels, from beginning student to experienced practitioner

Flavor, Fragrance, and Odor Analysis

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780203908273
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (82 download)

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Book Synopsis Flavor, Fragrance, and Odor Analysis by : Ray Marsili

Download or read book Flavor, Fragrance, and Odor Analysis written by Ray Marsili and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-11-29 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written from a practical, problem-solving perspective, this reference explores advances in mass spectrometry, sample preparation, gas chromatography (GC)-olfactometry, and electronic-nose technology for food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical applications. The book discusses the chemical structures of key flavor and fragrance compounds and contains nume

Characterization of Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds at Swine Facilities in Eastern North Carolina

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (656 download)

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Book Synopsis Characterization of Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds at Swine Facilities in Eastern North Carolina by :

Download or read book Characterization of Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds at Swine Facilities in Eastern North Carolina written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A total of 110 samples of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were collected and analyzed in a field study to characterize such compounds emitted at six swine facilities in Eastern North Carolina between April 2002 and March 2003 as part of the Project OPEN (Odors, Pathogens, and Emissions of Nitrogen). Two baseline sites employed conventional lagoon and field spray technologies while four sites utilized various alternative 'Environmentally Superior Technologies' (ESTs) in an effort to substantially reduce gaseous compound emissions, odor, and pathogens from these swine facilities. More than 200 compounds, including various paraffins, alkynes, aromatics, esters, ethers, monoterpenes, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, monoterpenes, halogenated hydrocarbons, phenols, and sulfides were identified and quantified by Gas Chromatographic/Flame Ionization Detection (GC/FID) analysis as well as confirmed and/or verified by Gas Chromatographic/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). GC/MS analysis of three particularly complex samples collected at one site assisted in providing identification and retention times for more than 20 sulfur type volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including methyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, and dimethyl trisulfide as well as many other VOCs. Carbonyl sulfide and carbon disulfide were positively identified by GC/MS analysis but were not identified by GC/FID due to their particular compound characteristics. The results of these samples were subsequently used as a source fingerprint to identify and/or verify these compounds in all other samples collected. Overall, the highest VOC concentration levels measured at each of the sites were in close proximity to the hog barns. The total measured VOCs at the hog barns were typically dominated by ethanol, methanol, acetaldehyde, and acetone. The combined overall contribution of these compounds in relation to total measured VOCs generally ranged from 46-94%. The highest concentration levels of both dimethyl.

Dynamic Flavor

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Publisher : ACS Symposium
ISBN 13 : 9780841297944
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (979 download)

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Book Synopsis Dynamic Flavor by : Jonathan D. Beauchamp

Download or read book Dynamic Flavor written by Jonathan D. Beauchamp and published by ACS Symposium. This book was released on 2022-11-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is about Dynamic Flavor: Capturing Aroma Using Real-Time Mass Spectrometry"--

Characterization and Control of Odours and VOC in the Process Industries

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080875203
Total Pages : 541 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Characterization and Control of Odours and VOC in the Process Industries by : S. Vigneron

Download or read book Characterization and Control of Odours and VOC in the Process Industries written by S. Vigneron and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1994-09-01 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the symposium was to present recent advances in characterization and control of odour and volatile organic compound emissions in the atmosphere, and to contribute to the state-of-the-art of measurement and sampling tools, impact prediction methods and abatement techniques. Topics covered were:Legislative aspectsEmission characterizationAbatement technologies, both recuperative and destructive andReduction methods.Apart from the global problems of climate, all aspects relating to the workplace environment and official regulations were discussed.

Handbook of Flavor Characterization

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780203912812
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (128 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Flavor Characterization by : Kathryn D. Deibler

Download or read book Handbook of Flavor Characterization written by Kathryn D. Deibler and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-09-05 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This multidisciplinary resource details the challenges and analytical methodologies utilized to determine the effect of chemical composition, genetics, and human physiology on aroma and flavor perception. Identifying emerging analytical methods and future research paths, the Handbook of Flavor Characterization studies the interpretation and

Molecular Communication

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107292387
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis Molecular Communication by : Tadashi Nakano

Download or read book Molecular Communication written by Tadashi Nakano and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-09-12 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive guide, by pioneers in the field, brings together, for the first time, everything a new researcher, graduate student or industry practitioner needs to get started in molecular communication. Written with accessibility in mind, it requires little background knowledge, and provides a detailed introduction to the relevant aspects of biology and information theory, as well as coverage of practical systems. The authors start by describing biological nanomachines, the basics of biological molecular communication and the microorganisms that use it. They then proceed to engineered molecular communication and the molecular communication paradigm, with mathematical models of various types of molecular communication and a description of the information and communication theory of molecular communication. Finally, the practical aspects of designing molecular communication systems are presented, including a review of the key applications. Ideal for engineers and biologists looking to get up to speed on the current practice in this growing field.

Solid Phase Microextraction

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 366253598X
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Solid Phase Microextraction by : Gangfeng Ouyang

Download or read book Solid Phase Microextraction written by Gangfeng Ouyang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-24 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers comprehensive information on the developments and applications of the solid phase microextraction (SPME) technique. The first part of the book briefly introduces readers to the fundamentals of SPME, while subsequent sections describe the applications of SPME technique in detail, including environmental analysis (air, water, soil/sediments), food analysis (volatile/nonvolatile compounds), and bioanalysis (plants, animal tissues, body fluids). The advantages and future challenges of the SPME technique are also discussed. Including recent research advances and further developments of SPME, the book offers a practical reference guide and a valuable resource for researchers and users of SPME techniques. The target audience includes analytical chemists, environmental scientists, biological scientists, material scientists, and analysts, as well as students at universities/institutes in related fields. Dr. Gangfeng Ouyang is a Professor at the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, China. Dr. Ruifen Jiang is an Associate Professor at the School of Environment, Jinan University, China.

Practical Analysis of Flavor and Fragrance Materials

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119975212
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Practical Analysis of Flavor and Fragrance Materials by : Kevin Goodner

Download or read book Practical Analysis of Flavor and Fragrance Materials written by Kevin Goodner and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-06-24 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern flavours and fragrances are complex formulated products containing blends of aroma compounds with auxiliary materials, enabling desirable flavours or fragrances to be added to a huge range of products. The flavour and fragrance industry is a key part of the worldwide specialty chemicals industry, yet most technical recruits have minimal exposure to flavours and fragrances before recruitment. The analytical chemistry of flavour and fragrance materials presents specific challenges to the analytical chemist, as most of the chemicals involved are highly volatile, present in very small amounts and in complex mixtures. Analytical Methods for Flavor and Fragrance Materials covers the most important methods in the analysis of flavour and fragrance materials, including traditional and newly emerging methodologies. It discusses the capabilities of the various analytical methods for flavour and fragrance analysis and guides the newcomer to the most appropriate techniques for specific analytical problems.

Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operations

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309168643
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operations by : National Research Council

Download or read book Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operations written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-04-07 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operations: Current Knowledge, Future Needs discusses the need for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to implement a new method for estimating the amount of ammonia, nitrous oxide, methane, and other pollutants emitted from livestock and poultry farms, and for determining how these emissions are dispersed in the atmosphere. The committee calls for the EPA and the U.S. Department of Agriculture to establish a joint council to coordinate and oversee short - and long-term research to estimate emissions from animal feeding operations accurately and to develop mitigation strategies. Their recommendation was for the joint council to focus its efforts first on those pollutants that pose the greatest risk to the environment and public health.

Problèmes de population et de peuplement

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (634 download)

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Book Synopsis Problèmes de population et de peuplement by :

Download or read book Problèmes de population et de peuplement written by and published by . This book was released on 1963* with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: