Shyster A Pragmatic Legal Expert System

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SHYSTER: A Pragmatic Legal Expert System

Author : James Popple
Publisher : Australian National Univ.
ISBN 13 : 0731518276
Total Pages : 454 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis SHYSTER: A Pragmatic Legal Expert System by : James Popple

Download or read book SHYSTER: A Pragmatic Legal Expert System written by James Popple and published by Australian National Univ.. This book was released on 1993-04-29 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most legal expert systems attempt to implement complex models of legal reasoning. But the utility of a legal expert system lies not in the extent to which it simulates a lawyer’s approach to a legal problem, but in the quality of its predictions and of its arguments. A complex model of legal reasoning is not necessary: a successful legal expert system can be based upon a simplified model of legal reasoning. Some researchers have based their systems upon a jurisprudential approach to the law, yet lawyers are patently able to operate without any jurisprudential insight. A useful legal expert system should be capable of producing advice similar to that which one might get from a lawyer, so it should operate at the same pragmatic level of abstraction as does a lawyer—not at the more philosophical level of jurisprudence. A legal expert system called SHYSTER has been developed to demonstrate that a useful legal expert system can be based upon a pragmatic approach to the law. SHYSTER has a simple representation structure which simplifies the problem of knowledge acquisition. Yet this structure is complex enough for SHYSTER to produce useful advice. SHYSTER is a case-based legal expert system (although it has been designed so that it can be linked with a rule-based system to form a hybrid legal expert system). Its advice is based upon an examination of, and an argument about, the similarities and differences between cases. SHYSTER attempts to model the way in which lawyers argue with cases, but it does not attempt to model the way in which lawyers decide which cases to use in those arguments. Instead, it employs statistical techniques to quantify the similarity between cases. It decides which cases to use in argument, and what prediction it will make, on the basis of that similarity measure. SHYSTER is of a general design: it can provide advice in areas of case law that have been specified by a legal expert using a specification language. Hence, it can operate in different legal domains. Four different, and disparate, areas of law have been specified for SHYSTER, and its operation has been tested in each of those domains. Testing of SHYSTER in these four domains indicates that it is exceptionally good at predicting results, and fairly good at choosing cases with which to construct its arguments. SHYSTER demonstrates the viability of a pragmatic approach to legal expert system design.

A Pragmatic Legal Expert System

Author : James Popple
Publisher : Dartmouth (Ashgate)
ISBN 13 : 1855217392
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (552 download)

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Book Synopsis A Pragmatic Legal Expert System by : James Popple

Download or read book A Pragmatic Legal Expert System written by James Popple and published by Dartmouth (Ashgate). This book was released on 1996-05-21 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most legal expert systems attempt to implement complex models of legal reasoning. This book argues that a complex model is unnecessary. It advocates a simpler, pragmatic approach in which the utility of a legal expert system is evaluated by reference, not to the extent to which it simulates a lawyer's approach to a legal problem, but to the quality of its predictions and of its arguments. The author describes the development of a legal expert system, called SHYSTER, which takes a pragmatic approach to case law. He discusses the testing of SHYSTER in four different and disparate areas of case law, and draws conclusions about the advantages and limitations of this approach to legal expert system development. Chapter 1 presents a critical analysis of previous work of relevance to the development of legal expert systems. Chapter 2 explains the pragmatic approach that was adopted in the development of SHYSTER. The implementation of SHYSTER is detailed using examples in chapter 3. Chapter 4 describes the testing of SHYSTER, and conclusions are drawn from those tests in chapter 5. Examples of SHYSTER's output are provided in appendices.

A Hybrid Legal Expert System

Author : Thomas A O'Callaghan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (144 download)

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Book Synopsis A Hybrid Legal Expert System by : Thomas A O'Callaghan

Download or read book A Hybrid Legal Expert System written by Thomas A O'Callaghan and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Legal expert systems are the nexus of Artificial Intelligence and the law. A legal expert system is "a system capable of performing at a level expected of a lawyer" [Popple 1996, page 3]. Legal expert systems may be designed for use by legally trained people or for use by the general public ("lay-people"). Legal expert systems designed for use by legally trained people aim to provide a method of speeding-up the provision, and improving the accuracy, of legal research undertaken with the aim of advising the client. Designed for use by legally trained people, these systems may assume general legal knowledge. Consequently the questions asked by the system and the reports returned may be stated at a level appropriate for legally trained people. The primary benefit of this category of legal expert system is the reduction of internal cost of legal research. The flow-on benefits for clients reductions in the cost of legal services and consequently improved access to quality representation, and reduction of the time taken to resolve a legal question. Legal expert systems designed for use by lay-people aim to provide greater access to the law. This category of legal expert system is more difficult to create because no legal knowledge by the user can be assumed. The discovery of the facts of the case becomes problematic [Susskind 2001]. More research is required in the area of fact elicitation before such systems become viable. Once they are viable, access to the law should be dramatically improved. A consequential benefit may be a reduction in litigation, as potential litigants could settle their dispute by reference to the advice of a legal expert system. However, such a system would raise an important ethical question -- the creators of such a system may be usurping the role of the courts in that the public may come to rely on the statements by the system as "what the law is". SHYSTER-MYCIN is the legal expert system created for and discussed in this thesis. SHYSTER-MYCIN combines rule-based reasoning with case-based reasoning. The system is designed as the first category of legal expert systems described above: a legal expert system to be consulted by legally trained people. This hybrid system enables the case-based reasoner to determine open-textured concepts when required by the rule-based reasoner, MYCIN. The system operates on a reduced version of the Copyright Act 1968, including cases that define the term "authorization" (see Chapter 2). The Act is reasoned by a system of rules. Whereas cases are reasoned by analogy. This approach is supported by jurisprudential discussions on legal reasoning (see Chapter 3). The system was created in three progressive versions (Chapter 5). The focus of the creation of the system was the reporting of reasons for conclusions. The second and third versions were tested against three criteria: validity, conciseness and correctness (see Chapter 6). The system performed well (see Chapter 7) against those criteria, indicating that the approach taken is appropriate: that is, it is appropriate to use rules to reason with statutes and analogy to reason with cases.

A Hybrid Intelligent System Approach to Legal Reasoning

Author : Pooja Raundale
Publisher : Mha Publisher
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (158 download)

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Book Synopsis A Hybrid Intelligent System Approach to Legal Reasoning by : Pooja Raundale

Download or read book A Hybrid Intelligent System Approach to Legal Reasoning written by Pooja Raundale and published by Mha Publisher. This book was released on 2023-09-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many legal expert systems are dependent on the concept of complex models. They are implemented using these complex models of legal reasoning. The legal expert systems are useful only if they are used by the users. The users of the expert systems are mainly common men, lawyers or any other person who is studying law. The usability of the Expert System predominantly depends on the quality factor of the system. A complex model of legal reasoning is not necessary; a successful legal expert system can be based upon a simplified model of legal reasoning. A useful legal expert system should be capable of producing advice similar to a lawyer, so it should operate at the same way as a lawyer works in his area. A legal expert system called NIRNAY has been developed to demonstrate that a useful legal expert system can be based upon a pragmatic approach to the law. NIRNAY is a Hybrid Intelligent System which uses two methods of reasoning to give the advice to the user of the system. NIRNAY has an Application layer above the two modules. These modules are Case Based Reasoner module and Rule Based Reasoner module. The rule base and case base are used for representation of knowledge about the domain. NIRNAY is a hybrid intelligent system in the sense that its advice is based upon the two methods of reasoning; it uses the Rule Based Reasoning and Case Based Reasoning to produce the advice. The first module i.e. RBR module checks the validity of the contract and the argument is produced by the CBR module for Breach of Building Contract, an argument, about the similarities and differences between cases. NIRNAY tries to use the way in which lawyers argue with cases. It also attempts to use the way in which lawyers decide which cases to use in the arguments. It makes use of 'similarity measure' to find the similarity between the cases. It decides which cases to use in argument, and what prediction it will make, on the basis of that similarity measure. NIRNAY is tested for both the modules and it indicates that it is exceptionally good at predicting results, and fairly good at choosing cases with which to construct its arguments. NIRNAY demonstrates the viability of a pragmatic approach to legal expert system design.

A history of legal informatics

Author : Paliwala, Abdul
Publisher : Prensas de la Universidad de Zaragoza
ISBN 13 : 8416272123
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (162 download)

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Book Synopsis A history of legal informatics by : Paliwala, Abdul

Download or read book A history of legal informatics written by Paliwala, Abdul and published by Prensas de la Universidad de Zaragoza. This book was released on 2014-09-17 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El volumen 9 de la LEFIS Series celebra el 25 aniversario de BILETA (British & Irish Law, Education and Technology Association). En él, estudiosos internacionales pioneros en Informática y Derecho procedentes de universidades australianas, británicas, estadounidenses, holandesas, noruegas y españolas analizan los éxitos y desafíos en la aplicación de las tecnologías de información al Derecho y a la práctica legal.

SHYSTER: The Program

Author : James Popple
Publisher : Australian National Univ.
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis SHYSTER: The Program by : James Popple

Download or read book SHYSTER: The Program written by James Popple and published by Australian National Univ.. This book was released on 1995-04-30 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides fully commented and indexed listings of the ISO C source code for the SHYSTER legal expert system.

Legal Expert Systems

Author : Martina Smith
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (511 download)

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Book Synopsis Legal Expert Systems by : Martina Smith

Download or read book Legal Expert Systems written by Martina Smith and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Computerised Lawyer

Author : Philip Leith
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1447105931
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (471 download)

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Book Synopsis The Computerised Lawyer by : Philip Leith

Download or read book The Computerised Lawyer written by Philip Leith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Computerised Lawyer provides a comprehensive introduction to the technology and application of computers in law. Over the last 5 years it has become increasingly recognised that the skills associated with new technology are so important that proficie ncy in the field is now being viewed as an integral element in the education and skills development of all law students. New curriculums are being developed which incorporate the issues discussed in this book, and professionals will find the text useful and highly relevant. This book fulfils the need for a textbook which, whilst assuming no prior knowledge of computing, manages to cover all the key issues associated with information technology and its relevance to legal issues and practice. Philip Leith and Amanda Hoey have completely rewritten the first edition of this book to bring the reader an up-to-date text that will be important to everyone working with computers in law.

Applied Intelligent Systems

Author : John Fulcher
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9783540211532
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Applied Intelligent Systems by : John Fulcher

Download or read book Applied Intelligent Systems written by John Fulcher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-05-05 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This carefully edited book presents examples of the successful application of Intelligent Systems techniques to practical problems. The invited contributions, written by international experts in their respective fields, clearly demonstrate what can be achieved when AI systems are used to solve real-world problems. The book covers the field of applied intelligent systems with a broad and deep selection of topics, such as object recognition, robotics, satellite weather prediction, or economics with an industrial focus. This book will be of interest to researchers interested in applied intelligent systems/AI, as well as to engineers and programmers in industry.

Expert Systems in Law

Author : Richard E. Susskind
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Expert Systems in Law by : Richard E. Susskind

Download or read book Expert Systems in Law written by Richard E. Susskind and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1987 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this comprehensive investigation Susskind uses jurisprudence to articulate the presuppositions and limitations of building expert systems, and to provide sound practical guidance for their design.

Revolutionary Approach to International Law

Author : Eric Yong Joong Lee
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811979677
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis Revolutionary Approach to International Law by : Eric Yong Joong Lee

Download or read book Revolutionary Approach to International Law written by Eric Yong Joong Lee and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-02 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together critical legal analyses of ongoing global issues in the digital age by international lawyers in Asia. Digital revolution is the key to understanding the contemporary human society. In this book, the authors critically redefine the mainstream thinking and ideas of contemporary international legal issues that the global community is facing. Given the rapidly shifting global legal landscape and framework, they shed light on the theoretical and practical questions in international law and reexamine their global context. Such independent and forward-looking approach suggests the ideas to shaping the global common good in the future human society. In both theory and practice, this book is a useful guide to Asian law, politics, economy, and business providing a fair and balanced point of view.

The Information Systems Academic Discipline in Australia

Author : Guy G. Gable
Publisher : ANU E Press
ISBN 13 : 1921313943
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis The Information Systems Academic Discipline in Australia by : Guy G. Gable

Download or read book The Information Systems Academic Discipline in Australia written by Guy G. Gable and published by ANU E Press. This book was released on 2008-09-01 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents the second phase of a multi-method, multi-study of the 'Information Systems Academic Discipline in Australia'. Drawing on Whitley's Theory of Scientific Change, the study analysed the degree of 'professionalisation' of the Information Systems Discipline, the overarching research question being 'To what extent is Information Systems a distinct and mature discipline in Australia?' The book chapters are structured around three main sections: a) the context of the study; b) the state case studies; and c) Australia-wide evidence and analysis. The book is crafted to be accessible to IS and non-IS types both within and outside of Australia. It represents a 'check point'; a snapshot at a point in time. As the first in a hoped for series of such snap-shots, it includes a brief history of IS in Australia, bringing us up to the time of this report. The editorial team comprises Guy Gable, architect and leader; Bob Smyth, project manager; Shirley Gregor, sponsor, host and co-theoretician; Roger Clarke, discipline memory; and Gail Ridley, theoretician. In phase two, the editors undertook to examine each component study, with a view to arriving at an Australia-wide perspective.

Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development

Author : Kevin D. Ashley
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540404333
Total Pages : 749 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development by : Kevin D. Ashley

Download or read book Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development written by Kevin D. Ashley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-06-11 with total page 749 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning (ICCBR) is the pree- nent international meeting on case-based reasoning (CBR). ICCBR 2003 (http://www.iccbr.org/iccbr03/)isthe?fthinthisseriesofbiennialinter- tional conferences highlighting the most signi?cant contributions to the ?eld of CBR.TheconferencetookplacefromJune23throughJune26,2003attheN- wegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim, Norway. Previous ICCBR conferences have been held in Vancouver, Canada (2001), Seeon, G- many (1999), Providence, Rhode Island, USA (1997), and Sesimbra, Portugal (1995). Day 1 of ICCBR 2003, Industry Day, provided hands-on experiences utilizing CBR in cutting-edge knowledge-management applications (e.g., help-desks,- business, and diagnostics). Day 2 featured topical workshops on CBR in the healthsciences,theimpactoflife-cyclemodelsonCBRsystems,mixed-initiative CBR, predicting time series with cases, and providing assistance with structured vs. unstructured cases. Days 3 and 4 comprised presentations and posters on theoretical and applied CBR research and deployed CBR applications, as well as invited talks from three distinguished scholars: David Leake, Indiana University, H ́ ector Munoz-Avila, ̃ Lehigh University, and Ellen Rilo?, University of Utah. The presentations and posters covered a wide range of CBR topics of in- rest both to practitioners and researchers, including case representation, si- larity, retrieval, adaptation, case library maintenance, multi-agent collaborative systems, data mining, soft computing, recommender systems, knowledge ma- gement, legal reasoning, software reuse and music.

Becoming Artificial

Author : Danial Sonik
Publisher : Andrews UK Limited
ISBN 13 : 1788360524
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (883 download)

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Book Synopsis Becoming Artificial by : Danial Sonik

Download or read book Becoming Artificial written by Danial Sonik and published by Andrews UK Limited. This book was released on 2020-11-24 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Becoming Artificial is a collection of essays about the nature of humanity, technology, artifice, and the irreducible connections between them. Artificial Intelligence (AI) was once the stuff of pure fantasy. Ideas about machines that could think seemed as plausible as space travel or inexpensive communication technology. The last two decades have introduced a number of game-changing innovations that make discussion of AI no longer a mere armchair speculation, but rather a serious topic of debate for everyone who will be affected, from policy makers to an increasingly displaced workforce. The growth in power of AI algorithms and systems has sparked many thought-provoking questions: Is there something fundamental to being human or are humans simply biological computers? Will AI continue to assist us or eventually enslave us? Can self-driving cars be legally responsible for their actions? And most importantly, how can we chart a path for AI that ensures a humane and beneficial future for society?

Building and Testing the SHYSTER-MYCIN Hybrid Legal Expert System

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (224 download)

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Book Synopsis Building and Testing the SHYSTER-MYCIN Hybrid Legal Expert System by :

Download or read book Building and Testing the SHYSTER-MYCIN Hybrid Legal Expert System written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Conflict Resolution and its Context

Author : Davide Carneiro
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319062395
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Conflict Resolution and its Context by : Davide Carneiro

Download or read book Conflict Resolution and its Context written by Davide Carneiro and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-02 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book studies how technological solutions can be used to alleviate the current state of legal systems, with their clogged up courtrooms and inefficient conflict resolution methods. It reviews the shortcomings and disadvantages of traditional and alternative conflict resolution methods and turns to Artificial Intelligence for problem-solving techniques and solutions. The book is divided into four parts. The first part presents a general and systematic analysis of the current state of the legal systems, identifying the main problems and their causes. It then moves on to present UM Court: a framework for testing and prototyping conflict resolution services. This framework was developed with the objective of using Artificial Intelligence techniques to build a service environment for conflict resolution. The third part of the book takes a step into the future by analyzing the use of Intelligent Environments in the support of conflict management and resolution. It describes the approach taken and the experiments performed in the Intelligent Systems Lab of the University of Minho. The final part of the book contains the conclusions and shows the potential advantages of the use of Intelligent Environments as a way to implement better conflict resolution procedures (virtual or real), in which all the participants have access to more and better information and are able to take better informed decisions.

Advances in Artificial Intelligence - SBIA 2008

Author : Gerson Zaverucha
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540881905
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Artificial Intelligence - SBIA 2008 by : Gerson Zaverucha

Download or read book Advances in Artificial Intelligence - SBIA 2008 written by Gerson Zaverucha and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-10-17 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 19th Brazilian Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, SBIA 2008, held in Salvador, Brazil, in October 2008. The 27 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited lectures and 3 tutorials were carefully reviewed and selected from 142 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on computer vision and pattern recognition, distributed AI: autonomous agents, multi-agent systems and game knowledge representation and reasoning, machine learning and data mining, natural language processing, and robotics.