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Shear Behavior Of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Pile Cap Girders Strengthened With Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Cfrp Strips And Cfrp Anchors
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Book Synopsis Shear Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Pile Cap Girders Strengthened with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Strips and CFRP Anchors by : William Asad Shekarchi
Download or read book Shear Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Pile Cap Girders Strengthened with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Strips and CFRP Anchors written by William Asad Shekarchi and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Externally bonded CFRP strips are ideal for rehabilitating existing members due to their high tensile strength-to-weight ratio, relatively low cost, formability, and expedited installation times. However, without proper anchorage, CFRP strips debond from the concrete surface before the strength of the CFRP can be mobilized. Consequently, CFRP spike anchors are used to delay debonding and develop the fracture strength of the CFRP strips. Previous research conducted on large-scale T-beams have shown that uni-directional (vertical) and bi-directional (vertical and horizontal) applications of CFRP strips and anchors increased the cracking load and ultimate shear capacity of members with transverse steel reinforcement, thin webs, and span-to-depth ratios above three (i.e., sectional behavior). However, the ability of the CFRP to strengthen wide-webbed members remained unknown. The objective of this research was to investigate the feasibility of strengthening wide-webbed reinforced concrete pile cap girders in shear using CFRP strips and CFRP anchors and to develop comprehensive design and detailing recommendations for CFRP shear strengthening. An experimental test program, consisting of nine tests, was created to investigate: 1) the effects of loading conditions, 2) retrofitting uncracked and cracked sections, 3) placing anchors in tension zones, and 4) uni- and bi-directional CFRP layouts on the shear performance of 32-in. deep by 32-in. wide reinforced concrete pile cap girders. The test results indicated that the uni-directional CFRP layouts were able to increase the shear capacity by as much as 56% while the bi-directional layouts increased the cracking shear load by as much as 22%. Anchored CFRP layouts were found to be as efficient as fully wrapped layouts despite anchors being placed in tension zones. Moreover, at the onset of the loss of shear strength, the measured lower bound average CFRP fracture strain was 0.007, which is significantly larger than the permitted effective strain in current ACI 440.2R-08 design guidelines (i.e., 0.004).
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineering Annual Conference 2022 by : Rishi Gupta
Download or read book Proceedings of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineering Annual Conference 2022 written by Rishi Gupta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-05 with total page 1180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises the proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineering 2022. The contents of this volume focus on specialty conferences in construction, environmental, hydrotechnical, materials, structures, transportation engineering, etc. This volume will prove a valuable resource for those in academia and industry.
Book Synopsis Shear Behavior of Reinforced Concrete T-beams Strengthened with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Sheets and CFRP Anchors by : Yun Gon Kim
Download or read book Shear Behavior of Reinforced Concrete T-beams Strengthened with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Sheets and CFRP Anchors written by Yun Gon Kim and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research is the evaluation of shear behavior of full-scale reinforced concrete T-beams strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets and CFRP anchors. Although the CRFP material has high tensile strength, premature failure due to debonding CFRP sheets prevents utilizing that strength. The use of CFRP anchors prevents this failure, so the CFRP sheets are able to reach ultimate strain. The current shear design is based on plasticity, which assumes that all steel (ductile material) stirrups, across the critical section yield at ultimate. However the strain in the CFRP (brittle material), is essential to estimate the shear contribution of CFRP. To evaluate the validity of CFRP strengthening for shear, 24 tests were conducted with several parameters including shear-span-to-depth ratio, depth of beams, different transverse reinforcement ratios, and the layout of CFRP strips. In addition, a simple shear behavior model was developed to explain the differences between ductile and brittle material. From test observation, the use of CFRP anchors resulted in U-wrap application to perform like continuous wrapping which implies that a CFRP strip reached rupture strain because the anchors prevented debonding failure. However, all FRP strips did not rupture simultaneously because the strain distribution across a critical crack was not uniform. The average strain across the critical crack was about 0.005. Therefore a conservative value of effective strain (0.004) was selected for design purposes. In addition, when a beam is strengthened with CFRP, interactions between the contributions of the CFRP, steel or concrete must be taken into account. Factors ka, ks, and kf were introduced in the proposed shear design equations. Factor ka reflects the change in the material contributions as the shear span to depth ratio (a/d ratio) changes in deep beams. Factors ks and kf account for the change in steel or CFRP shear contribution due to the change in the critical crack angle as well as the interactions between the steel and FRP transverse reinforcement. As the amount of either steel or FRP material increase, the efficiency of the other material decreases.
Book Synopsis Design and Environmental Performance of Near-surface Mounted Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Strips for Shear Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Bridge Girders by : Jacob Hans Goebel
Download or read book Design and Environmental Performance of Near-surface Mounted Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Strips for Shear Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Bridge Girders written by Jacob Hans Goebel and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the interstate expansion of the 1950s, many conventionally reinforced concrete deck girder bridges were built throughout the country. These now vintage bridges commonly exhibit diagonal cracking and rate inadequately for shear, thus they are candidates for shear strengthening to extend their useful life. Near-surface mounted (NSM) retrofitting is a promising new strengthening technique, but limited test data are available for carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) in shear strengthening making the long-term durability of NSM-CFRP unknown. This paper provides experimental results from realistic full-scale specimens strengthened with NSM-CFRP. Specimens were tested for shear strength and subjected to environmental exposures to assess long-term durability. Small cylinder specimens were tested to investigate relative performance of different adhesives on bond strength under different environmental exposures. Test results provide a better understanding of the NSM-CFRP shear behavior and strength. Recommendations for shear strength design with NSM-CFRP are made.
Book Synopsis Design of FRP Systems for Strengthening Concrete Girders in Shear by : Abdeldjelil Belarbi
Download or read book Design of FRP Systems for Strengthening Concrete Girders in Shear written by Abdeldjelil Belarbi and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2011 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 678: Design of FRP Systems for Strengthening Concrete Girders in Shear offers suggested design guidelines for concrete girders strengthened in shear using externally bonded Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) systems. The guidelines address the strengthening schemes and application of the FRP systems and their contribution to shear capacity of reinforced and prestressed concrete girders. The guidelines are supplemented by design examples to illustrate their use for concrete beams strengthened with different FRP systems. Appendix A of NCHRP Report 678, which contains the research agency's final report, provides further elaboration on the work performed in this project. Appendix A: Research Description and Findings, is only available online.
Book Synopsis Shear Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) and Improved Anchor Details by : Kevin Timothy Quinn
Download or read book Shear Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) and Improved Anchor Details written by Kevin Timothy Quinn and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fifteen tests were conducted to evaluate the shear performance of beams with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates and CFRP anchors. The specimens consisted of 24-in. deep T-beams. The specimens were strengthened in shear with CFRP laminates that were anchored using several different CFRP end anchorage details. Load was applied to the reinforced concrete members at three different shear span-to-depth ratios. Observations of the behavior and data from the tests were used to evaluate the performance of the CFRP laminates and CFRP anchors. Overall, a 30-40% increase in shear strength was observed when anchored CFRP laminates were installed on members loaded at a shear span-to-depth ratio greater than two. The CFRP strengthening system performed well when properly detailed CFRP anchors were installed. Design recommendations regarding the installation of the CFRP anchors were developed. The CFRP anchorage detail developed in this study provided additional CFRP material in critical locations to reinforce the anchor and prevent premature failures from occurring due to anchor rupture. Theoretical calculations predicting the shear strength of the retrofitted concrete members were carried out and compared to the measured strengths of the members. Based on this analysis, a design equation was developed that produced conservative results for all of the specimens tested.
Book Synopsis Shear Strengthening of Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete Beams Using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Sheets and Anchors by : Yungon Kim
Download or read book Shear Strengthening of Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete Beams Using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Sheets and Anchors written by Yungon Kim and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability to quickly apply carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) materials with a minimum of disruption to the use of a structure and with virtually no change in the geometry or weight of the element makes CFRP a viable and attractive material for strengthening existing elements. However, without adequate anchorage of CFRP sheets to the concrete surface, premature failures by debonding of the CFRP from the concrete significantly limit the capacity of CFRP strengthening systems. The objective of the study was to demonstrate the feasibility of using anchored CFRP for shear strengthening of large bridge girders or supporting elements. An extensive experimental program was undertaken on several full-scale T-beams and I girders to achieve project objectives. CFRP anchors used in the study performed well and were able to develop the full capacity of CFRP sheets thereby precluding debonding failures. Studied anchored CFRP systems were thus able to generate significant shear strength gains of up to 50 percent of the unstrengthened beam capacity. Experimental results, installation procedures for CFRP sheets and anchors, specifications for fabrication and installation of CFRP anchors, and anchored CFRP shear design guidelines are presented.
Book Synopsis Design and Fatigue Behavior of Near-surface Mounted CFRP Bars for Shear Strengthening of RC Bridge Girders by : Brandon Ang Johnson
Download or read book Design and Fatigue Behavior of Near-surface Mounted CFRP Bars for Shear Strengthening of RC Bridge Girders written by Brandon Ang Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) materials are emerging as an effective means of strengthening and rehabilitating bridges. Near surface mounting (NSM) is a newer technique for application of CFRP for retrofitting of bridge members that provides advantages over conventional strengthening techniques. The technique is still new and uncertainties remain regarding design including the influence of member proportions, flexural reinforcing steel, and CFRP spacing. Further, retrofitted girders may also be exposed to millions of cycles of loading after rehabilitation. It is not known if the effects of fatigue loading will affect the service life of the retrofitted member. To address these issues, laboratory tests were performed on eight full-size reinforced concrete girders, representative of in-situ bridge girders, to determine the performance of NSM-CFRP retrofitting for shear. Two of the specimens were exposed to fatigue loading. Results indicated that NSM-CFRP retrofitting provides significant shear capacity increases and exposure to fatigue cycling did not affect the strength or behavior of the specimens.
Book Synopsis Strength and Durability of Near-surface Mounted CFRP Bars for Shear Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Bridge Girders by : Jacob Hans Goebel
Download or read book Strength and Durability of Near-surface Mounted CFRP Bars for Shear Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Bridge Girders written by Jacob Hans Goebel and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the interstate expansion of the 1950s, many conventionally reinforced concrete deck girder bridges were built throughout the country. These aging bridges commonly exhibit diagonal cracking and rate inadequately for shear, thus they are candidates for shear strengthening to extend their useful life. Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) are emerging as effective materials for strengthening and rehabilitating such bridges. Near surface mounting (NSM) is a newer technique for application of CFRP for retrofitting bridge members that provides advantages over other strengthening techniques. The technique is still new and uncertainties remain regarding strength, long-term durability, and design including the influence of member proportions, flexural reinforcing steel, and CFRP spacing. Bridge girders retrofitted with NSM-CFRP may be exposed to millions of load cycles and environmental conditions and the influence of these exposures on performance are not established. To address these issues, laboratory tests were performed on ten full-size reinforced concrete girders, representative of in-situ bridge members, to determine the performance of NSM-CFRP retrofitting for shear strengthening. One of the specimens was exposed to fatigue loading, two were subjected to environmental exposures, and one was subjected to combined environmental exposure and fatigue loading. Results indicated that NSM-CFRP retrofitting provided significant shear capacity increases, and the high-cycle fatigue and environmental exposures considered did not adversely affect the strength or behavior of the girders. Environmental exposures of some of the adhesives considered did show somewhat reduced performance; therefore, careful selection of materials is important to ensure performance over the expected lifetime. Recommendations for shear strength design with NSM-CFRP are made.
Book Synopsis Strength and Durability of Near-surface Mounted CFRP Bars for Shear Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Bridge Girders by : Jacob Hans Goebel
Download or read book Strength and Durability of Near-surface Mounted CFRP Bars for Shear Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Bridge Girders written by Jacob Hans Goebel and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the interstate expansion of the 1950s, many conventionally reinforced concrete deck girder bridges were built throughout the country. These aging bridges commonly exhibit diagonal cracking and rate inadequately for shear, thus they are candidates for shear strengthening to extend their useful life. Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) are emerging as effective materials for strengthening and rehabilitating such bridges. Near surface mounting (NSM) is a newer technique for application of CFRP for retrofitting bridge members that provides advantages over other strengthening techniques. The technique is still new and uncertainties remain regarding strength, long-term durability, and design including the influence of member proportions, flexural reinforcing steel, and CFRP spacing. Bridge girders retrofitted with NSM-CFRP may be exposed to millions of load cycles and environmental conditions and the influence of these exposures on performance are not established. To address these issues, laboratory tests were performed on ten full-size reinforced concrete girders, representative of in-situ bridge members, to determine the performance of NSM-CFRP retrofitting for shear strengthening. One of the specimens was exposed to fatigue loading, two were subjected to environmental exposures, and one was subjected to combined environmental exposure and fatigue loading. Results indicated that NSM-CFRP retrofitting provided significant shear capacity increases, and the high-cycle fatigue and environmental exposures considered did not adversely affect the strength or behavior of the girders. Environmental exposures of some of the adhesives considered did show somewhat reduced performance; therefore, careful selection of materials is important to ensure performance over the expected lifetime. Recommendations for shear strength design with NSM-CFRP are made.
Book Synopsis Environmental Durability of Reinforced Concrete Deck Girders Strengthened with Surface-bonded Carbon Fiber-reinforced Polymer by : Gautam Jayant Sopal
Download or read book Environmental Durability of Reinforced Concrete Deck Girders Strengthened with Surface-bonded Carbon Fiber-reinforced Polymer written by Gautam Jayant Sopal and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long-term durability of surface-bonded carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) for shear strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) bridge members remains uncertain due to the limited field experience with these materials. This paper provides experimental results from the testing of full-scale RC bridge girder specimens after exposure to prolonged environmental exposure and combined action of freeze-thaw + repeated service loads. CFRP shear contributions seen in experimental results were estimated using a refined base capacity prediction (Response-2000) and compared to predicted CFRP shear contributions (ACI-440). The IT specimens did not exhibit strength reductions due to moisture exposure, instead the presence of continuous water exposure for the relatively young concrete caused higher concrete tensile properties resulting in increased bond strength. Previous research showed CFRP strengthened T specimens with freeze-thaw exposure exhibited lower shear capacity than similar unexposed CFRP strengthened T specimen. But the current research demonstrated that if the beam is well protected against moisture infiltration at the strip termination, the beam will be less susceptible to freeze-thaw bond deterioration. The orientations of specimens during repair and during exposure are important considerations for environmental durability. The CFRP strip terminations should be focused on during installation to insure well and perhaps extra saturation even past the CFRP material to limit moisture infiltration along this edge.
Book Synopsis Performance of Precast Concrete Bridge Girders with Externally Bonded Anchored CFRP by : Tariq Aljaafreh
Download or read book Performance of Precast Concrete Bridge Girders with Externally Bonded Anchored CFRP written by Tariq Aljaafreh and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Repair with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) has become a topic of great interest to engineers in the last two decades. Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP)is considered as one of the most popular and practical solutions for strengthening and retrofitting civil structures, including bridge girders. Several past studies indicated that a significant increase in strength and stiffness can be achieved by using this technology; however, the major drawback of this repairing method is debonding. This research investigated the flexural behavior of simulated lateral damaged pre-stressed concrete bridge girders. Five Tx28 girders were tested up to failure, where 4 of them were simulated to be laterally damaged, and then they were strengthened with presaturated CFRP anchored with different types of anchors.Applied load, the strains along bottom side of the girder and across the height,and deflection at various points of the span data were collected. Test results showed that strengthening of laterally damaged prestressed concrete bridge girders with a presaturated CFRP layer can restore and exceed the original capacity of the damaged girders. The best performance was for the girder that was strengthened using a mechanical anchor with a 7.25% increase in the failure load compared to the control girder. The results also suggest places for anchors to prevent debonding propagation between CFRP and concrete, and mitigate premature debonding failures.
Book Synopsis Freeze-thaw Durability of Reinforced Concrete Deck Girders Strengthened for Shear with Surface-bonded Carbon Fiber-reinforced Polymer by : Mikal Maxwell Mitchell
Download or read book Freeze-thaw Durability of Reinforced Concrete Deck Girders Strengthened for Shear with Surface-bonded Carbon Fiber-reinforced Polymer written by Mikal Maxwell Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long-term durability of surface-bonded carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) U-wraps for shear strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) bridge members remains uncertain due to the limited field experience with these materials. This paper provides experimental results from the testing of full-scale RC bridge girder specimens after exposure to prolonged freeze-thaw cycling. CFRP shear contributions seen in experimental results were estimated using a refined base capacity prediction (Response-2000) and compared to predicted CFRP shear contributions (ACI-440). A decrease in CFRP shear contribution was seen due to freeze-thaw exposure when moisture was present at the CFRP-concrete bond interface.
Book Synopsis Carbon Fiber Shear Reinforcement for Prestressed Bridge Girders by : John C. Ward
Download or read book Carbon Fiber Shear Reinforcement for Prestressed Bridge Girders written by John C. Ward and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion of reinforcing steel reduces life spans of bridges throughout the United States; therefore, using non-corroding carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) reinforcement is seen as a way to increase service life. The use of CFRP as the flexural reinforcement in bridge girders has been extensively studied. However, CFRP transverse reinforcement has not been investigated as rigorously, and many of those studies have focused on carbon fiber composite cable (CFCC®) stirrups. The use of C-Grid® or NEFMACTM grid as options for transverse reinforcing has not been previously investigated. This testing program first determined the mechanical properties of C-Grid and NEFMAC grid and their respective development lengths. Five 18-ft long, 19-in deep beams were fabricated to test the C-Grid and NEFMAC, as well as conventional steel and CFCC stirrups. The beams were loaded with a single point load closer to one end of the beam to create a larger shear load for a given moment. Overall beam displacement was measured, and beams were fitted with rosettes and instrumentation to capture initiation of shear cracking. Test results were compared to theoretical shear capacities calculated using four different methods. The design method which provided the best prediction of shear strength was the AASHTO modified compression field theory, using equations for [beta] and [theta]. The manufacturer's guaranteed tensile strength should be used for design, as long as that strength is the average strength, as determined by at least five tests, reduced by three standard deviations. Shear cracks were controlled to a similar width as in beams with steel stirrups when at least two layers of grid were in place. An additional study was undertaken to determine if CFRP grids, either alone or in combination with traditional steel stirrups, could be used to control cracking in the end zones of pretensioned I-beams. Unfortunately, it was determined that, due to its low modulus, the amount of CFRP grid required to control cracking in the end zones was not economically feasible. Nevertheless, this study concluded that C-Grid and NEFMAC grid are both viable shear reinforcement options outside of the end regions. This report presents the initial recommendations for design.
Book Synopsis Behavior of Externally Bonded Fiber Reinforced Polymer Systems for Strengthening Concrete Girders in Shear by : Michael Shawn Murphy
Download or read book Behavior of Externally Bonded Fiber Reinforced Polymer Systems for Strengthening Concrete Girders in Shear written by Michael Shawn Murphy and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Deficiencies in shear resistance are a primary concern in concrete members due to the sudden and unpredictable nature of shear failures. Shear deficiencies in concrete structures can arise due to improper design, long-term deterioration, man-made damages, increases in loads, or as a result of over strengthening in flexure. A number of shear strengthening techniques offer a cost effective means for restoring or enhancing the shear capacity of a concrete member. The use of externally bonded fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) is one such technique that has gained recent recognition for its high strength-to-weight ratio and simplicity of application. The development of this technique relies on experimental testing to better understand the behavior and failure mechanisms. Previous experimental investigations and analytical models/design guidelines were studied to identify and understand the parameters influencing the shear strengthening effect of externally bonded fiber reinforced polymers (FRP). The knowledge acquired from the literature was used to design and carryout a full-scale experimental investigation for further evaluating the effectiveness of externally bonded FRP for shear strengthening. Test specimens consisted of reinforced concrete (RC) and prestressed concrete (PC) girders. Parameters of interest included the effects of: pre-existing damage (cracks), transverse steel (stirrup) reinforcement ratio, FRP strengthening scheme, and methods of FRP anchorage. The experimental results were compared with predictions from existing analytical models and design guidelines. Lastly, an alternative analytical approach was developed which takes into consideration multiple parameters shown to have influence on the FRP shear strengthening effectiveness, but which have not been collectively incorporated in previous models"--Abstract, leaf iii.
Book Synopsis Environmental Durability of Reinforced Concrete Deck Girders Strengthened for Shear with Surface-bonded Carbon Fiber-reinforced Polymer by : Christopher C. Higgins
Download or read book Environmental Durability of Reinforced Concrete Deck Girders Strengthened for Shear with Surface-bonded Carbon Fiber-reinforced Polymer written by Christopher C. Higgins and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This research investigated the durability of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer composites (CRFP) used for shear strengthening reinforced concrete deck girders. Large beams were used to avoid accounting for size effects in the data analysis. The effort included determining the role of freeze-thaw, moisture, and fatigue of structural performance and developing analytical design procedures that account for durability"--Technical report documentation page.
Book Synopsis Structural Behaviour of Composite Steel Girders by : Georges Bou Ferra'a
Download or read book Structural Behaviour of Composite Steel Girders written by Georges Bou Ferra'a and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays, carbon fiber reinforced polymer can be used to strengthen steel sections. Strengthening is required due to changes in design philosophy. An experimental study will be carried out on strengthened steel girders to assess their structural behavior and the merits, if any, of the addition of carbon fiber to steel. The study focuses on the shear behavior of steel girders and explores the influence of carbon fiber on the structural capacity of the girder. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) was produced in the University of Balamand Mechanical Engineering laboratory using hand layout process and is documented in this study. The CFRP were designed to be cut and placed as strips in various locations along the web of the steel girder. Due to unforeseen circumstances and time limitations the aim of the study was diverted towards the analysis of the application of CFRP to the flange of a steel H-beam. The CFRP was placed on the flange where buckling is estimated to take place. The beam was then tested under 4-point bending where load, deflections and strains were measured. It was observed that at the location of CFRP the flange had a better structural performance when compared to the side with no CFRP. It is therefore recommended to consider strengthening beams with CFRP at locations where failure is anticipated. Further study on the application of CFRP to steel girders is necessary especially in the area of shear and combined bending and shear load configurations.
