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Seismic Vulnerability Analysis Of Scoured Bridge Systems
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Book Synopsis Seismic Vulnerability Analysis of Scoured Bridge Systems by : Xuan Guo
Download or read book Seismic Vulnerability Analysis of Scoured Bridge Systems written by Xuan Guo and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridges are a vital infrastructure component of the transportation networks in both rural and urban areas. Damaged or destroyed bridges can affect the reliability and resilience of transportation networks that are critical to human life, economical activities, and the social sustainability at large. Understanding how natural hazards affect the life-cycle performance of bridge systems will lead to improved preparedness prior to extreme disasters and benefit the society ultimately. Among many natural events, flood-induced foundation scour has been recognized as a leading cause of bridge failure in the United States. The distinct feature of flood-induced scour is that it may last during the rest of bridge's service life once it is formed around a bridge foundation. Intuitively, the threat may be potentially more severe if the permanent scour is combined with other hazards, such as earthquakes. However, the combined effects of such multiple hazards are not clearly understood to date. It is thus meaningful to investigate the effects of multi-hazard earthquake and scour on the seismic performance of river-crossing bridges. The general objective of this dissertation is to assess the seismic vulnerability of bridge structures considering flooding-induced scour in a general multi-hazard context. To meet this objective, five related research problems are defined in this dissertation. Correspondingly, scientific answers and technical solution frameworks are developed in this dissertation. The dissertation directly contributes to the multi-hazard assessment methodology with an emphasis in flood-induced scour and earthquake hazards. Specifically, the dissertation directly resolves the practical challenge of evaluating the effects of bridge scour on the seismic performance of river-crossing bridges in terms of theoretical frameworks, numerical procedures, and case study-based findings. Future research directions along the line of multi-hazard bridge performance research with an emphasis of hydro- and seismic-impacts are pointed at the end of the dissertation.
Book Synopsis Seismic Vulnerability Analysis of Bridges in Mountainous States by : Matt Hardman
Download or read book Seismic Vulnerability Analysis of Bridges in Mountainous States written by Matt Hardman and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Depending on the location, highway bridges can often support considerable amounts of traffic. Due to the limitations on current earthquake forecasting techniques, a normal amount of traffic will also typically remain on a bridge when an earthquake occurs. In addition to traffic, scour effects are also a potential hazard to bridge piers that may simultaneously impact the structural integrity of the bridge together with seismic loads. Although a few studies investigating the combined effect of extreme and service loads have been conducted on long-span bridges or in high-seismic zones, the studies on typical short- and medium-span bridges in low and moderate seismic zones are rare. A general dynamic simulation methodology is introduced to study the combined realistic service and extreme loads on short- and medium-span bridges. Following the introduction of the methodology, a numerical study investigating the seismic performance of a typical highway bridge in mountainous states is carried out. The bridge is subjected to different combinations of traffic, seismic, and scour and the effects on the structural performance of the bridge are investigated. The bridge, including both superstructure and substructure, is modeled in detail using SAP2000 to accommodate the goals of this study. The traffic load is considered through dynamic interaction analysis of vehicles in the simulated stochastic traffic flow. Through studying the bridge performance under various combined extreme and service loads, findings are made about controlling cases for different bridge responses and the validity of the traditional superposition approach with consideration to load combinations is also discussed. As the initial effort studied the bridge performance under multiple service and extreme loads, this study sheds some light on more comprehensive studies for the future.
Book Synopsis Seismic Vulnerability of New Highway Construction by :
Download or read book Seismic Vulnerability of New Highway Construction written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This executive summary gives an overview of the results of FHWA Contract DTFH61 92 C 00112, Seismic Research Program, which performed a series of special studies addressing the seismic design of new construction. The objectives of this project were to perform a series of special studies pertaining to the seismic vulnerability of highway structures, and to develop technical information on which future specifications for the seismic design of bridges could be based. This project divided work into 5 areas and 13 tasks, focusing on the following elements: review of current seismic design criteria, the seismic hazard exposure of the American highway system, foundation design and soil behavior, structural design, structural analysis and response, the relative importance of specific bridges and an assessment of the impact of current and recently completed research. The Seismic Research Program had a national focus, and aimed in part to address the differences in seismicity, bridge types, and typical design details between the central and eastern United States (CEUS) and those previously studied in California and the western United States. In many cases, west coast design practices required considerable modification before implementation in the CEUS. The project resulted in 34 research reports, of which 31 are summarized in this document. Seventeen of the reports have been published as National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (NCEER) or Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (MCEER) reports. The research agencies final reports for the other taks are available from MCEER upon request.
Book Synopsis Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Retrofitted Bridges Using Probabilistic Methods by : Jamie Ellen Padgett
Download or read book Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Retrofitted Bridges Using Probabilistic Methods written by Jamie Ellen Padgett and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is an urgent need for the development of fragility curves for retrofitted bridges, particularly for the CSUS. These fragility curves are conditional probability statements of potential levels of damage over a range of earthquake intensities. The development of reliable retrofitted bridge fragility curves would allow for assessment of the effects of various retrofit measures on the performance of different CSUS bridge types. Therefore, a primary objective of this work is to develop a methodology for fragility assessment of bridge retrofit, in order to support seismic risk mitigation efforts in the region.
Book Synopsis Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Civil Engineering Structures at Multiple Scales by : Tiago Miguel Ferreira
Download or read book Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Civil Engineering Structures at Multiple Scales written by Tiago Miguel Ferreira and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2021-12-02 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Civil Engineering Structures at Multiple Scales: From Single Buildings to Large-Scale Assessment provides an integrated, multiscale platform for fundamental and applied studies on the seismic vulnerability assessment of civil engineering structures, including buildings with different materials and building typologies. The book shows how various outputs obtained from different scales and layers of assessment (from building scale to the urban area) can be used to outline and implement effective risk mitigation, response and recovery strategies. In addition, it highlights how significant advances in earthquake engineering research have been achieved with the rise of new technologies and techniques. The wide variety of construction and structural systems associated with the complex behavior of their materials significantly limits the application of current codes and building standards to the existing building stock, hence this book is a welcomed guide on new construction standards and practices. Provides the theoretical backgrounds on the most advanced seismic vulnerability assessment approaches at different scales and for most common building typologies Covers the most common building typologies and the materials they are made from, such as concrete, masonry, steel, timber and raw earth Presents practical guidelines on how the outputs coming from such approaches can be used to outline effective risk mitigation and emergency planning strategies
Book Synopsis Seismic Vulnerability of Timber Bridges and Timber Substructures by :
Download or read book Seismic Vulnerability of Timber Bridges and Timber Substructures written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Seismic Design and Assessment of Bridges by : Andreas J Kappos
Download or read book Seismic Design and Assessment of Bridges written by Andreas J Kappos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-17 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on the use of inelastic analysis methods for the seismic assessment and design of bridges, for which the work carried out so far, albeit interesting and useful, is nevertheless clearly less than that for buildings. Although some valuable literature on the subject is currently available, the most advanced inelastic analysis methods that emerged during the last decade are currently found only in the specialised research-oriented literature, such as technical journals and conference proceedings. Hence the key objective of this book is two-fold, first to present all important methods belonging to the aforementioned category in a uniform and sufficient for their understanding and implementation length, and to provide also a critical perspective on them by including selected case-studies wherein more than one methods are applied to a specific bridge and by offering some critical comments on the limitations of the individual methods and on their relative efficiency. The book should be a valuable tool for both researchers and practicing engineers dealing with seismic design and assessment of bridges, by both making the methods and the analytical tools available for their implementation, and by assisting them to select the method that best suits the individual bridge projects that each engineer and/or researcher faces.
Book Synopsis Soil Dynamics and Foundation Modeling by : Junbo Jia
Download or read book Soil Dynamics and Foundation Modeling written by Junbo Jia and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-26 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive topical overview on soil dynamics and foundation modeling in offshore and earthquake engineering. The spectrum of topics include, but is not limited to, soil behavior, soil dynamics, earthquake site response analysis, soil liquefactions, as well as the modeling and assessment of shallow and deep foundations. The author provides the reader with both theory and practical applications, and thoroughly links the methodological approaches with engineering applications. The book also contains cutting-edge developments in offshore foundation engineering such as anchor piles, suction piles, pile torsion modeling, soil ageing effects and scour estimation. The target audience primarily comprises research experts and practitioners in the field of offshore engineering, but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students.
Book Synopsis Seismic Vulnerability Analysis of SR 97/420 Columbia River Bridge, Bebee, Washington by : EQE Engineering Consultants
Download or read book Seismic Vulnerability Analysis of SR 97/420 Columbia River Bridge, Bebee, Washington written by EQE Engineering Consultants and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Compound Stochastic Seismic Vulnerability Analysis and Seismic Risk Evaluation for Super Large Cable-Stayed Bridge by : Feng Qing-Hai
Download or read book Compound Stochastic Seismic Vulnerability Analysis and Seismic Risk Evaluation for Super Large Cable-Stayed Bridge written by Feng Qing-Hai and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Seismic Risk Assessment of Bridges in Clark County, Nevada by : David Bingham Porter
Download or read book Seismic Risk Assessment of Bridges in Clark County, Nevada written by David Bingham Porter and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridges are a vital connective element in a community's transportation system. In the past, bridges have been severely damaged by earthquakes, but with proper mitigation techniques, such as bridge retrofit, severe earthquake damage to bridges can be avoided. The objective of this project was to perform a seismic risk assessment on bridges in Clark County, Nevada. A seismic risk analysis is the first step to effectively plan for an earthquake. A risk analysis identifies bridges that could be potentially hazardous to the public. There are two key elements of a risk analysis: the importance assessment and the vulnerability assessment. The importance assessment takes into account the number of people that will be affected by a damaged bridge. It considers both immediate and long-term effects of an earthquake. A spreadsheet-type analysis was performed to assess bridge importance. Bridge characteristics such as average daily traffic, detour length, pedestrian traffic, railroad traffic, historical significance, and defense route were used in the analysis. The vulnerability assessment takes into account the behavior of a bridge during an earthquake (i.e., how much damage a bridge is expected to sustain). A GIS-based software called HAZUS-MH was used to analyze the bridges in Clark County. HAZUS-MH takes into account parameters such as bridge material, construction type, skew angle, soil type, and liquefaction potential. The results from the importance assessment, vulnerability assessment, and overall risk analysis can be used to assist pre- and post-earthquake planning organizations in mitigation and preparation efforts for future earthquakes.
Book Synopsis Quantifying the Seismic Vulnerability of Bridges in Low to Moderate Seismicity Regions by : John Edward Lens
Download or read book Quantifying the Seismic Vulnerability of Bridges in Low to Moderate Seismicity Regions written by John Edward Lens and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Congressional Research Service issued a report for Congress in May 2016, entitled "Earthquake Risk and U.S. Highway Infrastructure: Frequently Asked Questions" which highlighted the absence of a national database on the status of seismic vulnerability of bridges or other infrastructure, and thus no estimate of costs to retrofit vulnerable bridges. Low to moderate seismicity regions exist in each of the continental United States, with over 30 states having mostly or entirely low-to-moderate seismicity. Resources at state transportation agencies and municipalities are focused on higher seismicity regions, creating a gap in quantifying the system-wide seismic vulnerability despite an overall aging bridge inventory, much of which was built before current seismic design standards. This research addressed this data gap and reduces barriers to quantifying seismic vulnerability of existing bridges in low-to-moderate seismicity regions. The work included nonlinear dynamic numerical modeling of typical multiple span bridge configurations in both pristine and deteriorated conditions, by subjecting them to seventy ground motions across four low-to-moderate seismic hazard levels, to evaluate their seismic performance. These typical bridge configurations represent over 160,000 bridges, which comprise 55% of the multiple span bridges nationwide. The research results indicate that there is an overall low probability of significant seismic damage to these typical bridges in such regions. The results also show that current seismic hazard thresholds used for the design of new bridges, and for retrofit of existing bridges, which provide the basis for exempting some bridges from specific seismic analysis and design, can underestimate the expected seismic forces. Those results can be used to refine those exemption thresholds to provide appropriate protection against potential seismic damage in those cases. The study results also formed the basis for a system-wide rapid seismic vulnerability screening algorithm developed for the Vermont bridge inventory, which is applicable to other states with low to moderate seismicity regions.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Seismic Risk Analysis and Management of Civil Infrastructure Systems by : S Tesfamariam
Download or read book Handbook of Seismic Risk Analysis and Management of Civil Infrastructure Systems written by S Tesfamariam and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-04-30 with total page 920 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthquakes represent a major risk to buildings, bridges and other civil infrastructure systems, causing catastrophic loss to modern society. Handbook of seismic risk analysis and management of civil infrastructure systems reviews the state of the art in the seismic risk analysis and management of civil infrastructure systems. Part one reviews research in the quantification of uncertainties in ground motion and seismic hazard assessment. Part twi discusses methodologies in seismic risk analysis and management, whilst parts three and four cover the application of seismic risk assessment to buildings, bridges, pipelines and other civil infrastructure systems. Part five also discusses methods for quantifying dependency between different infrastructure systems. The final part of the book considers ways of assessing financial and other losses from earthquake damage as well as setting insurance rates. Handbook of seismic risk analysis and management of civil infrastructure systems is an invaluable guide for professionals requiring understanding of the impact of earthquakes on buildings and lifelines, and the seismic risk assessment and management of buildings, bridges and transportation. It also provides a comprehensive overview of seismic risk analysis for researchers and engineers within these fields. This important handbook reviews the wealth of recent research in the area of seismic hazard analysis in modern earthquake design code provisions and practices Examines research into the analysis of ground motion and seismic hazard assessment, seismic risk hazard methodologies Addresses the assessment of seismic risks to buildings, bridges, water supply systems and other aspects of civil infrastructure
Book Synopsis Seismic Risk Analysis of Bridge Structural Systems by : Abdallah Mechakhchekh
Download or read book Seismic Risk Analysis of Bridge Structural Systems written by Abdallah Mechakhchekh and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Earthquakes written by and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-09-11 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of scientific papers on earthquake preparedness, vulnerability, resilience, and risk assessment. Using case studies from various countries, chapters cover topics ranging from early warning systems and risk perception to long-term effects of earthquakes on vulnerable communities and the science of seismology, among others. This volume is a valuable resource for researchers, students, non-governmental organizations, and key decision-makers involved in earthquake disaster management systems at national, regional, and local levels.
Book Synopsis Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Bridges for Retrofitting and New Design by : Pedram Farokh
Download or read book Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Bridges for Retrofitting and New Design written by Pedram Farokh and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many bridges in North Eastern region of U.S. were designed prior to the adoption of the AASHTO LRFD Guide Specifications for seismic design and may be vulnerable to damage during an earthquake event. This study evaluates the seismic vulnerabilities of those bridges and the structural factors that could affect their performance during a seismic event. The effects of load demands and age deteriorations were also studied. Aging of certain bridge components such as bearings, columns, and bent caps can affect the capacity and demands of these components and accordingly might affect the global behavior and capacity of a bridge during an earthquake event. The concept of fragility curves was studied as a potential tool for evaluating the seismic performance of new bridges, existing bridges and retrofitted bridges for various bridge types subjected to different peak ground acceleration levels. Fragility curves represent the probability of a structure to experience damage levels higher than specific damage state at different peak ground acceleration. Possible retrofit measures for various bridge components were reviewed, and analyzed for their effectiveness. These include superstructure restrainers, stoppers, shear keys, isolation bearings, bent cap strengthening and column jacketing. Existing research shows that the concept of fragility curves can be used to identify bridge vulnerability and level of damage. They can also be used to identify performance and level of damage of various retrofit measures. The effect of aging of certain components such as stiffening and locking of bearings and corrosion of confining steel in columns need to be included when evaluating bridge load demands and capacities. Different types of concrete bridges (typical in North Eastern United States) were analyzed using elastic response spectrum and nonlinear push-over analysis for low, medium-to-high, and high seismicity levels. The effects of pier configuration, continuity between the superstructure and the substructure, and the number of spans were investigated. Analysis results showed that in the longitudinal direction, the displacement demand increased for multi-column bents compared to single-column bents. However, the overall D/C ratio dropped in both transverse and longitudinal directions. The results also showed that in the longitudinal direction the benefit of having multi-column bent over single-column bents in integral bridges is dependent on the seismicity levels. The D/C (demand/capacity) ratio for single column bents in the longitudinal direction was much lower for integral (monolithic) bents compared to non-integral bents. In the transverse directions, the difference in the D/C ratio was not significant. For multi-column bents, the percent change by having integral bents over non-integral bents was dependent on the seismicity levels. For high seismicity zones, the benefits of having Integral bents becomes more significant. This investigation presents guidance on incorporating the effects of aging and retrofitting in the finite element modeling of bridges subjected to various levels of earthquake ground motions.
Book Synopsis Hydraulic and Civil Engineering Technology VII by : M. Yang
Download or read book Hydraulic and Civil Engineering Technology VII written by M. Yang and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2022-12-23 with total page 1428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineering technology is of crucial importance to the infrastructure on which modern societies depend, and keeping abreast of the latest research and developments in the field is of vital importance. This book presents the proceedings of HCET 2022, the 7th International Technical Conference on Frontiers of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering Technology, originally due to be held, in Sanya, China, from 25-27 September 2022, but instead held as a fully virtual event on Zoom due to continued uncertainty related to the Covid 19 pandemic. HCET is a platform for the dissemination of research results on the latest advances in the areas of hydraulic and civil engineering technology and environmental engineering, and provides an opportunity for scientists, researchers and engineers from around the world to exchange their findings, discuss developments, and possibly establish a basis for collaboration. A total of 275 submissions were received from international contributors, and all were subjected to a rigorous peer-review process, with each paper reviewed by a minimum of two experts. Papers were also checked for quality and plagiarism, after which, 163 papers were accepted for presentation and publication. Topics covered include the research and development of concrete structure design and analysis, structural mechanics and structural engineering, geological exploration and earthquake engineering, building technology, urban planning, energy, environment and advanced engineering science and applications. The book offers a state-of-the-art overview of recent developments, and will be of interest to all those working in the fields of hydraulic and civil engineering technology.
