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Seismic Design Of Pipe Pin Connections In Concrete Bridges
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Book Synopsis Seismic Design of Pipe-pin Connections in Concrete Bridges by : Arash Esmaili Zaghi
Download or read book Seismic Design of Pipe-pin Connections in Concrete Bridges written by Arash Esmaili Zaghi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Telescopic pipe-pin two-way hinges are used in concrete bridges to eliminate moments while transferring shear and axial loads from integral bridge bent caps to reinforced concrete columns. The hinges consist of a steel pipe that is anchored in column with a protruded segment that extends into the bent cap. In the absence of experimental and analytical studies, design of pipe-pin hinges has been based on pure shear capacity of the steel pipe. The primary objective of this research was two folds: (1) to investigate the seismic performance of the current detail of pipe-pin hinges and propose necessary modifications and (2) to develop a reliable design method for pipe-pin hinges that reflects their actual behavior. This research was comprised of comprehensive experimental and analytical studies of pipe-pin connections and their components including a shake table study of a two-column pier model. The experimental component of the study included three sets of test models: (1) six push-off specimens to evaluate the bearing strength of concrete against the steel pipe, (2) six pure shear specimens to determine the yielding and ultimate shear capacities, and (3) a two-column 0.2-scale bridge pier model incorporating pipe-pin hinges that were designed based on the proposed guideline. The pier model was used to evaluate the new design method under earthquake excitation. The experiments showed that the lateral failure mechanism is typically controlled by concrete diagonal tensile cracking of the column in combination with flexural yielding of the steel pipe as opposed to pure shear, although the pure shear failure mode should be considered when a large amount of lateral steel is used in the column. Another possible mode of failure is bearing failure of the concrete around the pipe in heavily reinforced columns. The shake table experiment of the pier model confirmed that the proposed design method meets the safety and performance requirements under seismic loading. The analytical studies consisted of (1) a stick model in SAP2000 that was developed for pipe shear key subassemblies, (2) detailed nonlinear FE models using ABAQUS that were used to performed an extensive parametric study in order to shed light on different aspects of the behavior and generate the required data for the design guideline, and (3) a model in OpenSees that utilized a macro model for the pipe-pin hinges. The experimental and analytical results helped identify the means to improve the performance of current pipe-pin hinge details. The pipe studs and spiral around the can proved to be unnecessary and were eliminated in the proposed standard detail. A thicker tapered hinge throat was suggested to solve the problem of local concrete damage to the throat and column edges. As a possible extension of pipe-pin application, a study was conducted on pipe-pins combined with isolation and damping systems. The analytical modeling of these details showed that modified connections can reduce the demands on the structure by dissipating a major portion of the earthquake energy.
Book Synopsis Experimental and Analytical Seismic Studies of Bridge Piers with Innovative Pipe Pin Column-footing Connections and Precast Cap Beams by : Ali Mehrsoroush
Download or read book Experimental and Analytical Seismic Studies of Bridge Piers with Innovative Pipe Pin Column-footing Connections and Precast Cap Beams written by Ali Mehrsoroush and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 1518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of prefabricated structural elements is an integral part of many accelerated bridge construction (ABC) efforts. Connections of these prefabricated elements to the rest of the structural system is critical to the performance of the structure under service loads and extreme events such as earthquakes. Two types of novel joints were developed in this study: 1) base pipe pin connections to substantially reduce the moment transfer between the column and footing, and 2) pocket connections to provide structural continuity at column-cap beam joints. The pipe pin consists of two steel pipes to transfer shear and a tension member to transfer uplift forces. Pocket connection is formed by extending the column into a pre-fabricated pocket in a precast cap beam and grouting the space between the column segment and the pocket. The primary objective of this research was to investigate the seismic performance, response, and behavior of base pipe pins for both cast-in-place (CIP) and precast construction, to study the performance of column-cap beam pocket connections to be utilized in ABC, and to develop a reliable design guideline for base pipe pins. This research was comprised of comprehensive experimental and analytical studies. The experimental portion of the study was conducted at the University of Nevada, Reno Large Scale Structural Laboratory including three sets of tests: 1) cyclic loading test of a large-scale two-column bent model, and 2) two direct pull tests of CIP and precast pipe pin connections. The bent model was composed of a precast engineered cementitious composite (ECC)-concrete column, a conventional CIP reinforced concrete column, a precast cap beam, and two single footings. The columns were connected to the footing and cap beam utilizing pipe pin and pocket connections, respectively. Direct pull tests were carried out to investigate the failure mode of the pipe pins under direct tension and determine the ultimate tensile capacity of the pins. The proposed pipe pin connections were found to be successful even under high drift ratios. Test results revealed that pipe pins needs to be designed for shear forces that exceed the column design shear due to reversed friction under large base rotations. Direct pull tests of the pipe pins showed that the dominant failure mode of the connection under pure tension was rupture of the tension member and all the other connection elements remained damage free. The pocket connection using corrugated steel pipes with a column embedment length of 1.2 times the column diameter performed well in forming the plastic hinge when conventional concrete was used in the embedded region. However, longitudinal bars in the precast column with embedded ECC debonded at 4% drift ratio. The analytical study consisted of 1) elaborate finite element (FE) modeling of the pipe pin connections and footings under direct tension, 2) FE study of the two-column bent, and 3) analytical modeling of pipe embedded in the footing (pipe shear key). ABAQUS and OpenSees were used in the analyses. The analytical models were evaluated based on correlation with experimental data, and were then used to investigate the effects of different parameters on the seismic performance of pipe pins. Results of the parametric studies along with the experimental observations led to an iterative procedure to determine seismic demands and methods for designing pipe pins. This was followed by development of design and detailing methods and illustrative examples.
Book Synopsis Seismic Performance of Bridge Column-pile-shaft Pin Connections for Application in Accelerated Bridge Construction by : Mehrdad Mehraein
Download or read book Seismic Performance of Bridge Column-pile-shaft Pin Connections for Application in Accelerated Bridge Construction written by Mehrdad Mehraein and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 1468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridges with integral superstructures are common in high-seismic regions. The superstructure and substructure are connected using rigid connections in these bridges. However, hinge or “pin” connections may be used to connect columns to pile-shafts to reduce the overall force demand in the integral bridges, leading to smaller and more economical foundations. Additionally, prefabrication of structural elements facilitates accelerated bridge construction (ABC), which could improve the quality and economy of project compared to cast-in-place (CIP). The primary objectives of this research were to investigate the seismic performance of three types of bridge bent connections: (1) pipe-pin connections at column-pile shaft joints for CIP and precast constructions (2) rebar-pin connections at column-pile shaft joint for CIP and precast constructions, and (3) pocket connections to develop rigid joints between precast columns and precast pier caps. This research was comprised of experimental and analytical studies. The experimental portion of the study was conducted on a shake table at the Earthquake Engineering Laboratory at the University of Nevada, Reno including two 1/3.75 scale, two-column bents subjected to seismic loadings. The cap beam in each bent was precast and connected to the columns using pocket details. The pin connections were used to connect the columns to pedestals, which simulated the pile-shafts. The column-pedestal joints were formed using pipe-pins in one bent and rebar-pin in the other bent. The available details of pin connections were modified for utilizing in the bents because the tensile force transfer mechanism and pile-shaft failure modes had not been accounted for in the current practices. A proposed ABC method for pin connections was investigated by constructing one column in each bent as a precast shell filled with self-consolidating concrete (SCC), whereas the other column was CIP. Furthermore, engineered cementitious composite (ECC) was incorporated in one column plastic hinge region of each bent to explore the effects of ECC on the seismic performance of the columns. The shake table experiments confirmed that the proposed design methods meet the safety and performance requirements of the codes under seismic loadings. The analytical studies consisted of: (1) simple stick models for the pin connections that were developed for the bents as design tools, (2) nonlinear finite element (FE) models for the pin connections in OpenSEES that can be utilized for global analysis of bridges with pin connections, and (3) elaborate nonlinear FE models of the bent with pipe-pins using ABAQUS to investigate the microscopic performance and interactions of the components. The analytical models were evaluated based on their correlation with experimental data and were subsequently used in focused parametric studies to address the gaps in the experimental results and provide more insight into the pin behavior under various conditions. Lastly, design procedures and detailing recommendations for column-pile-shaft connections using pipe-pins and rebar-pins were developed and proposed based on the results of the experimental and analytical parametric studies.
Book Synopsis Seismic Design Aids for Nonlinear Pushover Analysis of Reinforced Concrete and Steel Bridges by : Jeffrey Ger
Download or read book Seismic Design Aids for Nonlinear Pushover Analysis of Reinforced Concrete and Steel Bridges written by Jeffrey Ger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonlinear static monotonic (pushover) analysis has become a common practice in performance-based bridge seismic design. The popularity of pushover analysis is due to its ability to identify the failure modes and the design limit states of bridge piers and to provide the progressive collapse sequence of damaged bridges when subjected to major earthq
Book Synopsis Seismic Design and Assessment of Bridges by : Andreas J Kappos
Download or read book Seismic Design and Assessment of Bridges written by Andreas J Kappos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-17 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on the use of inelastic analysis methods for the seismic assessment and design of bridges, for which the work carried out so far, albeit interesting and useful, is nevertheless clearly less than that for buildings. Although some valuable literature on the subject is currently available, the most advanced inelastic analysis methods that emerged during the last decade are currently found only in the specialised research-oriented literature, such as technical journals and conference proceedings. Hence the key objective of this book is two-fold, first to present all important methods belonging to the aforementioned category in a uniform and sufficient for their understanding and implementation length, and to provide also a critical perspective on them by including selected case-studies wherein more than one methods are applied to a specific bridge and by offering some critical comments on the limitations of the individual methods and on their relative efficiency. The book should be a valuable tool for both researchers and practicing engineers dealing with seismic design and assessment of bridges, by both making the methods and the analytical tools available for their implementation, and by assisting them to select the method that best suits the individual bridge projects that each engineer and/or researcher faces.
Book Synopsis Development of Earthquake-resistant Precast Pier Systems for Accelerated Bridge Construction in Nevada by :
Download or read book Development of Earthquake-resistant Precast Pier Systems for Accelerated Bridge Construction in Nevada written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Performance-based Seismic Bridge Design by : M. Lee Marsh
Download or read book Performance-based Seismic Bridge Design written by M. Lee Marsh and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2013 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 440, Performance-Based Seismic Bridge Design (PBSD) summarizes the current state of knowledge and practice for PBSD. PBSD is the process that links decision making for facility design with seismic input, facility response, and potential facility damage. The goal of PBSD is to provide decision makers and stakeholders with data that will enable them to allocate resources for construction based on levels of desired seismic performance"--Publisher's description.
Book Synopsis Seismic Performance of Column-to-drilled-shaft Connections in Reinforced Concrete Bridges by : Michelle Teng Chang
Download or read book Seismic Performance of Column-to-drilled-shaft Connections in Reinforced Concrete Bridges written by Michelle Teng Chang and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drilled shaft foundations are often used to support reinforced concrete bridge columns founded in soft soils or in locations where a small footprint is desired. Increasingly, the shaft is being built with a diameter larger than that of the column, to allow tolerance in the column placement and to facilitate plastic hinge formation in the column rather than in the shaft. The column-shaft connection, which involves a noncontact splice between the column and shaft bars, is a key component in this structural system. However, there is limited research on the behavior of these connections under seismic loads. In order to understand the force-transfer mechanism of column-shaft connections under seismic loading, one quasi-static cyclic experimental test was conducted on a column-shaft subassembly. Measured results were compared with those from three previous experiments performed at the University of Washington. The study found that the amount of shaft transverse reinforcement in the connection region was critical in determining the failure mode of the connection. In specimens with relatively low amounts of transverse reinforcement, including the specimen tested during this study and a previous specimen tested at the University of Washington, the connection failed through a shaft prying failure mode; the specimens developed large vertical cracks between the confined column core and the annular shaft transition region, and the shaft transverse reinforcement eventually fractured at large drift ratios. Therefore, three methodologies for detailing the shaft transverse reinforcement were evaluated, and a new analysis procedure using a strut-and-tie model was proposed. It is consistent with the measured and observed performance of the tested connections, and is applicable to shafts supporting either precast or cast-in-place columns. The new procedure allows engineers to more accurately predict the behavior of a column-shaft connection and prevent an undesirable below-ground failure in the shaft transition region. Lastly, a set of design equations based on the strut-and-tie findings and existing design models is proposed for use in practice.
Book Synopsis Optimization of Seismic Design of Single Column Circular Reinforced Concrete Bridge Piers by : Ravindra Verma
Download or read book Optimization of Seismic Design of Single Column Circular Reinforced Concrete Bridge Piers written by Ravindra Verma and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Improving the Design and Performance of Concrete Bridges in Seismic Regions by : Matthew Joseph Tobolski
Download or read book Improving the Design and Performance of Concrete Bridges in Seismic Regions written by Matthew Joseph Tobolski and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are a large number of bridges throughout the United States in need of repair or replacement to resolve structural or operational deficiencies. In replacing these structures, and constructing new bridges, engineers should utilize these construction opportunities to improve the design, construction and performance of new structures. This dissertation focuses on three distinct means for improving bridge systems throughout the U.S. First, improve the seismic response of bridge systems using controlled rocking of bridge piers. Second, improve the constructability of bridges in high seismic regions by development of a validated superstructure system for accelerated construction. Third, improve seismic design through the implementation of a simplified displacement based design approach. Controlled rocking in bridge piers can provide a method of seismic resistance that results in significantly less damage following strong ground shaking. Simplified and detailed design and response prediction methods are presented in this dissertation. These methods were validated against three beam-column experiments. Results from experimental work and analytical prediction models were used to perform a series of nonlinear time history analyses. These results indicate the use of controlled rocking will result in similar ultimate displacement demands with appreciably less residual displacement as compared to conventional systems. Use of precast concrete systems in high seismic regions has been limited due to uncertainties in the performance of connections between elements. A conceptual bridge system was developed, designed and validated through experimental testing to determine the adequacy of the details for seismic applications. This experimental work included the consideration of potential superstructure inelasticity due to relative settlement or vertical motion. Results indicated the capacity of the connection could be adequately predicted using strain-compatibility approaches considering effects of construction staging. Experimental testing validated the system has adequate rotation capacity to accommodate potential demands from relative settlement and vertical motion from relative settlement and vertical motion. A displacement based design procedure is presented which is aimed at the efficient allocation of reinforcing steel in concrete columns for seismic design. This procedure uses established displacement modification factors in combination with mechanics based displacement capacities to derive minimum design resistance require for a column under seismic actions.
Book Synopsis Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Resilience and Sustainability by : Fabio Biondini
Download or read book Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Resilience and Sustainability written by Fabio Biondini and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-06-21 with total page 4119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Resilience and Sustainability contains the lectures and papers presented at The Sixth International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management (IABMAS 2012), held in Stresa, Lake Maggiore, Italy, 8-12 July, 2012. This volume consists of a book of extended abstracts (800 pp) Extensive collection of revised expert papers on recent advances in bridge maintenance, safety, management and life-cycle performance, representing a major contribution to the knowledge base of all areas of the field.
Book Synopsis Recent Research in Sustainable Structures by : Hugo Rodrigues
Download or read book Recent Research in Sustainable Structures written by Hugo Rodrigues and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-01 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, about challenges in structural and bridge engineering, brings together contributions to this important area of engineering research. The book presents findings and case studies on fundamental and applied aspects of structural engineering, applied to buildings, bridges, and infrastructures, in general heritage patrimony. The scope of the book focuses on the application of advanced experimental and numerical techniques and new technologies to the built environment.
Book Synopsis Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Bridges by : Khairy Hassan Abdelkareem Aldabh
Download or read book Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Bridges written by Khairy Hassan Abdelkareem Aldabh and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Performance of Steel Pipe Pile-to-concrete Bent Cap Connections Subject to Seismic Or High Transverse Loading by :
Download or read book Performance of Steel Pipe Pile-to-concrete Bent Cap Connections Subject to Seismic Or High Transverse Loading written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A preliminary investigation was conducted on the behavior of steel pipe pile to concrete pile cap connections for bridge structures subjected to extreme seismic and ice forces. This investigation consisted of reviewing available information on the analysis, design, and performance of steel pipe pile to concrete pile cap connections, setting up a finite element model for analyzing the behavior of these connections, and investigating a method for experimentally testing these connections. Only limited information on the behavior of steel pipe pile to concrete pile cap was found during the literature search. Therefore, a finite element model was developed to study connection behavior. The model, developed in ANSYS, consisted of a typical bridge bent (comprised of steel pipe piles topped with a concrete pile cap) and superstructure. The concrete and steel were represented with 3D brick and link elements. All materials were modeled as linear and elastic. Inelastic material behavior was studied in some detail, and issues that need to be addressed in future analyses in modeling such behaviors were identified. The finite element model was used to study the behavior of the pipe pile to concrete pile cap connection in different situations. The model was loaded with a horizontally directed inertial body force of 1 g to study the behavior of the connection under lateral seismic loads. Ice loads were applied as pressures acting directly on the pile cap (high water case) and on the lead pile in a bent. These pressures varied from 0 to 200 psi (0 to 1379 kPa). In general, large stresses and strains were predicted in the pile to pile cap connection under seismic loads. The predicted strains exceeded the elastic limit of the materials, suggesting that large deformations and significant damage may occur in the pile and cap under seismic loads. The stresses and strains predicted in the ice load analyses were significantly lower than those predicted in the seismic analyses, and only minor damage would be expected in the pile and cap under ice loads. Parametric calculations were performed to estimate the effect of deck support conditions, pile height, pile embedment, and pile reinforcement on connection response. Performance of the finite element model was validated by comparing its results with the results of simple hand calculations and with the results of a test on a physical model of a pile and pile cap. The hand calculations were performed using a simple 2D frame model of a typical bent. The physical test was performed on a 1/2 size model of an interior section of a typical bent. Further calculations need to be done that realistically consider the inelastic response of the pile and cap materials under seismic loads. The objectives of such calculations would be (a) to precisely determine the vulnerability (strength and ductility) of these connections under seismic loads, (b) to develop retrofit strategies for existing connections, and (c) to develop design approaches for new connections, as necessary.
Author :National Cooperative Highway Research Program Publisher :Transportation Research Board ISBN 13 :0309067537 Total Pages :55 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (9 download)
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Specification for the Seismic Design of Bridges by : National Cooperative Highway Research Program
Download or read book Comprehensive Specification for the Seismic Design of Bridges written by National Cooperative Highway Research Program and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2002 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Seismic design and retrofitting of reinforced concrete bridges by : Robert Park
Download or read book Seismic design and retrofitting of reinforced concrete bridges written by Robert Park and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of a Seismic Design Method for Reinforced Concrete Two-way Bridge Column Hinges by : Zhiyuan Cheng
Download or read book Development of a Seismic Design Method for Reinforced Concrete Two-way Bridge Column Hinges written by Zhiyuan Cheng and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
