Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Segundo Pnd Plano Nacional De Desenvolvimento
Download Segundo Pnd Plano Nacional De Desenvolvimento full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Segundo Pnd Plano Nacional De Desenvolvimento ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis II plano nacional de desenvolvimento II pnd, 1975-1979 by : Brasil Plano Nacional de Desenvolvimento, 2 (pnd)
Download or read book II plano nacional de desenvolvimento II pnd, 1975-1979 written by Brasil Plano Nacional de Desenvolvimento, 2 (pnd) and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Federal Banking in Brazil by : Kurt e von Mettenheim
Download or read book Federal Banking in Brazil written by Kurt e von Mettenheim and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-06 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is the first in a decade to provide an overview of banking in Brazil. It is argued that the big three federal banks have long provided essential policy alternatives and, since the liberalization of the industry in the 1990s, have realized competitive advantages over private and foreign banks.
Book Synopsis Agriculture's Energy by : Thomas D. Rogers
Download or read book Agriculture's Energy written by Thomas D. Rogers and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2022-11-29 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thomas D. Rogers's history of a modernizing Brazil tracks what happened when a key government program,created in the 1970s by the nation's military regime, aspired to harness energy produced by sugarcane agriculture to power the country's economy. The National Alcohol Program, known as Proalcool, was a deliberate economic strategy designed to incentivize ethanol production and reduce gasoline consumption. As Brazil's capacity grew and as international oil shocks continued, the regime's planners doubled down on Proalcool. Drawing financing from international lenders and curiosity from other oil-dependent countries, for a time it was the world's largest oil-substitution and renewable-energy program. Chronicling how Proalcool experimented with and exemplified the consolidation of government, agribusiness, large planters, agricultural and chemical research companies, and oil producers, this book expands into a rich investigation of the arc of Brazil's Green Revolution. The ethanol boom epitomized the vector of that arc, but Rogers keeps wider development imperatives in view. He dramatizes the choices and trade-offs that ultimately resulted in a losing energy strategy, for Proalcool ended up creating a large contingent of impoverished workers, serious environmental degradation, and persistent hunger. The full consequences of the Green Revolution–fueled consolidation continue to take a toll today.
Book Synopsis Hydropower in Authoritarian Brazil by : Matthew P. Johnson
Download or read book Hydropower in Authoritarian Brazil written by Matthew P. Johnson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2024-05-31 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely examination of hydropower in Brazil brings nuance to energy debates, centring social and environmental justice.
Download or read book II PND written by Brazil and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Internet no Brasil by : Peter T. Knight
Download or read book A Internet no Brasil written by Peter T. Knight and published by AuthorHouse. This book was released on 2014-05-19 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Como nasceu a Internet no Brasil? Quem foram seus pioneiros? Como interagiram com os pais da Internet nos Estados Unidos e na Europa? Que estratégias guiaram o desenvolvimento da Internet no Brasil? Como ela se desenvolveu em termos de cobertura, uso, velocidade, preço e qualidade do serviço? O que precisa ser feito para melhor realizar o seu potencial de aceleradora do desenvolvimento econômico, social e político? Qual é o modelo brasileiro de governança da Internet e como está evoluindo? Estas são as principais questões abordadas neste livro. O autor tem sido um observador e participante no desenvolvimento e uso da Internet na África, Ásia, Rússia e Estados Unidos, mas, sobretudo, no Brasil. Ele interagiu com muitos pioneiros da Internet em todo o mundo, que o inspiraram e o educaram sobre ela. Este livro, completado logo depois da reunião do Global Multistakeholder Meeting on the Future of Internet Governance (NETmundial), realizada em São Paulo, visa proporcionar um pano de fundo que possa ser útil para os participantes deste importante encontro e para os entusiastas da Internet no Brasil e ao redor do mundo.
Book Synopsis São Paulo in the Twenty-First Century by : Eduardo Cesar Leão Marques
Download or read book São Paulo in the Twenty-First Century written by Eduardo Cesar Leão Marques and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-20 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes in detail the main social, economic and special transformation of the city of São Paulo. In the last 30 years, São Paulo has become a more heterogeneous and less unequal city. Contrary to some expectations, the recent economic transformations did not produce social polarization, and the localized processes of spaces production (and the plural is increasingly important) are more and more key to define their respective growth patterns, social conditions, forms of housing production, service availability and urban precariousness. In other dimensions, however, inequalities remain present and strong and certain disadvantaged areas have changed little and are still marked by strong social inequalities. The metropolis remains heavily segregated in terms of race and class, in a clear hierarchical structure. The book shows that it is necessary to escape from dual and polarity interpretations. This did not lead to the complete disappearance of a crudely radial and concentric structure (not only due to geographic path dependence), but superposes other elements over it, leading to more complexes and continuous patterns. A general summary of these elements could perhaps be stated as pointing to greater social/spatial heterogeneity, accompanied by smaller, but reconfigured inequalities.
Book Synopsis Social Change, Industrialization, and the Service Economy in São Paulo, 1950-2020 by : Francisco Vidal Luna
Download or read book Social Change, Industrialization, and the Service Economy in São Paulo, 1950-2020 written by Francisco Vidal Luna and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2022-07-19 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1950s–80s, Brazil built one of the most advanced industrial networks among the "developing" countries, initially concentrated in the state of São Paulo. But from the 1980s, decentralization of industry spread to other states reducing São Paulo's relative importance in the country's industrial product. This volume draws on social, economic, and demographic data to document the accelerated industrialization of the state and its subsequent shift to a service economy amidst worsening social and economic inequality. Through its cultural institutions, universities, banking, and corporate sectors, the municipality of São Paulo would become a world metropolis. At the same time, given its rapid growth from 2 million to 12 million residents in this period, São Paulo dealt with problems of distribution, housing, and governance. This significant volume elucidates these and other trends during the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, and will be an invaluable reference for scholars of history, policy, and the economy in Latin America.
Download or read book The Future of Amazonia written by A. Hall and published by Springer. This book was released on 1991-01-12 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The future of Brazilian Amazonia, the world's largest remaining tropical rainforest, hangs in the balance. Two decades of destructive development have provoked violent struggles for control over the region's resources, with disastrous social and environmental consequences. This multi-disciplinary collection reviews past experience but focusses on the latest phase of Amazonian settlement. Chapters by leading authorities examine such issues as colonisation in the most recent frontier areas, multinational mining projects, hydro-electric schemes, and the military occupation of Brazil's borders. After demonstrating how new government and business activities have exacerbated social tensions and ecological destruction, the volume considers alternative, more sustainable strategies.
Book Synopsis A Ditadura Militar e a Governança da Água no Brasil (The Military Dictatorship and Water Governance in Brazil) by : Fernanda de Souza Braga
Download or read book A Ditadura Militar e a Governança da Água no Brasil (The Military Dictatorship and Water Governance in Brazil) written by Fernanda de Souza Braga and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-05-08 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades there has been an exponential increase in large hydroelectric plants in Brazil, especially in the Amazon region. These large hydraulic structures impact the environment and the lives of people living in the places where they settle and require a special type of water governance. The dictatorial regime (1964-1985) created a "standard" for the construction of these great structures, through an institutional and legal framework, which benefited the Brazilian business elite but also, through the creation of a popular imagination, which shows itself lasting progress on the country's progress and development. The suspension of security, the fragility of institutional environmental structures, the disrespect for indigenous reserves, the lack of clarity about the concept of "affected population" and the non-payment of fair compensation were identified as one of the main challenges for a democratic water governance in the country. In the late 1970s, the Dam-Affected Movement (MAB) began its organization and is also studied in this research. The study is an important and insightful academic contribution to the understanding of the main bottlenecks of effective water governance in Brazil.
Book Synopsis Politics, Policies, & Economic Development in Latin America by :
Download or read book Politics, Policies, & Economic Development in Latin America written by and published by Hoover Press. This book was released on 1984 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quebra de Contrato written by and published by Editora 247 S.A.. This book was released on with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Brazil by : Lawrence S. Graham
Download or read book The Political Economy of Brazil written by Lawrence S. Graham and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2014-07-03 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transition from authoritarian to democratic government in Brazil unleashed profound changes in government and society that cannot be adequately understood from any single theoretical perspective. The great need, say Graham and Wilson, is a holistic vision of what occurred in Brazil, one that opens political and economic analysis to new vistas. This need is answered in The Political Economy of Brazil, a groundbreaking study of late twentieth-century Brazilian issues from a policy perspective. The book was an outgrowth of a year-long policy research project undertaken jointly by the Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs and the Teresa Lozano Long Institute of Latin American Studies, both at the University of Texas at Austin. In this book, several noted scholars focus on specific issues central to an understanding of the political and economic choices that were under debate in Brazil. Their findings reveal that for Brazil the break with the past—the authoritarian regime—could not be complete due to economic choices made in the 1960s and 1970s, and also the way in which economic resources committed at that time locked the government into a relatively limited number of options in balancing external and internal pressures. These conclusions will be important for everyone working in Latin American and Third World development.
Book Synopsis Brazil in the Global Nuclear Order, 1945–2018 by : Carlo Patti
Download or read book Brazil in the Global Nuclear Order, 1945–2018 written by Carlo Patti and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2021-12-14 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive and definitive history of Brazil's decision to give up the nuclear weapon option. Why do countries capable of "going nuclear" choose not to? Brazil, which gained notoriety for developing a nuclear program and then backtracking into adherence to the nonproliferation regime, offers a fascinating window into the complex politics surrounding nuclear energy and American interference. Since the beginning of the nuclear age, author Carlo Patti writes, Brazil has tried to cooperate with other countries in order to master nuclear fuel cycle technology, but international limitations have constrained the country's approach. Brazil had the start of a nuclear program in the 1950s, which led to the United States interfering in agreements between Brazil and other countries with advanced nuclear industries, such as France and West Germany. These international constraints, especially those imposed by the United States, partly explain the country's decision to create a secret nuclear program in 1978 and to cooperate with other countries outside the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty [NPT] regime, such as Argentina and China. Yet, in 1998, Brazil chose to adhere to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty it so actively opposed only three decades prior, although the country still critiques the unfair nature of the treaty. Patti draws on recent declassified primary sources collected during years of research in public and private archives in eight different countries, as well as interviews with former presidents, diplomats, and scientists, to show how US nonproliferation policies deeply affected Brazil's decisions. Assessing the domestic and international factors that informed the evolution of Brazil's nuclear diplomacy, Brazil in the Global Nuclear Order, 1945-2018 also discusses what it means with respect to Brazil's future political goals.
Author :Maria Jose Fernandes Willumsen Publisher :University of Miami Iberian Studies Institute ISBN 13 : Total Pages :300 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (321 download)
Book Synopsis The Brazilian Economy by : Maria Jose Fernandes Willumsen
Download or read book The Brazilian Economy written by Maria Jose Fernandes Willumsen and published by University of Miami Iberian Studies Institute. This book was released on 1997 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emphasis of this book is on the structural aspects of the Brazilian economy, although analyses of economic performance are also covered. A central theme is that growth with social development requires structural reforms, such as the reorganisation of public finances and other matters.
Book Synopsis Transforming Brazil by : Mauricio Augusto Font
Download or read book Transforming Brazil written by Mauricio Augusto Font and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2003 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book re-examines the relationship between development strategy and political regime in twentieth-century Brazil. The first part of the study examines the beginning in the 1920s and 1930s of the centralized regime and state-centered development model later challenged in the 1980s, taking into account the economic and political role of Sao Paulo relative to the federal government. The analysis provides a distinctive account of the regime ruling Brazil from the 1930s through the 1980s. The second part focuses on the process of economic and political change in the 1980s and 1990s, paying particular attention to the Cardoso administration.
Book Synopsis Eroding Military Influence in Brazil by : Wendy Hunter
Download or read book Eroding Military Influence in Brazil written by Wendy Hunter and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2000-11-09 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wendy Hunter explores civil-military relations in Brazil following the transition to civilian leadership in 1985. She documents a marked, and surprising, decline in the political power of the armed forces, even as they have remained involved in national policy making. To account for the success of civilian politicians, Hunter invokes rational-choice theory in arguing that politicians will contest even powerful forces in order to gain widespread electoral support. Many observers expected Brazil's fledgling democracy to remain under the firm direction of the military, which had tightly controlled the transition from authoritarian to civilian rule. Hunter carefully refutes this conventional wisdom by demonstrating the ability of even a weak democratic regime to expand its autonomy relative to a once-powerful military, thanks to the electoral incentives that motivate civilian politicians. Based on interviews with key participants and on extensive archival research, Hunter's analysis of developments in Brazil suggests a more optimistic view of the future of civilian democratic rule in Latin America.
