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Seasonal Patterns Of Microbial Biomass And Nitrogen Mineralization In Northern Hardwood Forests
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Book Synopsis Seasonal Patterns of Microbial, Biomass and Nitrogen Mineralization in Northern Hardwood Forests by : William E. Holmes
Download or read book Seasonal Patterns of Microbial, Biomass and Nitrogen Mineralization in Northern Hardwood Forests written by William E. Holmes and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Belowground Carbon Dynamics in Northern Hardwood Forests by : Gregory P. Zogg
Download or read book Belowground Carbon Dynamics in Northern Hardwood Forests written by Gregory P. Zogg and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Impacts of Climate Change on Soil Microorganisms in Northern Hardwood Forests by : Carley Jane Kratz
Download or read book Impacts of Climate Change on Soil Microorganisms in Northern Hardwood Forests written by Carley Jane Kratz and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As global climate continues to change, it becomes more important to understand possible feedbacks from soils to the climate system. This dissertation focuses on soil microbial community responses to climate change factors in northern hardwood forests. Two soil warming experiments at Harvard Forest in Massachusetts, and a climate change manipulation experiment with both elevated temperature and increased moisture inputs in Michigan were sampled. The hyphal in-growth bag method was to understand how soil fungal biomass and respiration respond to climate change factors. Our results from phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analyses suggest that the hyphal in-growth bag method allows relatively pure samples of fungal hyphae to be partitioned from bacteria in the soil. The contribution of fungal hyphal respiration to soil respiration was examined in climate change manipulation experiments in Massachusetts and Michigan. The Harvard Forest soil warming experiments in Massachusetts are long-term studies with 8 and 18 years of +5 °C warming treatment. Hyphal respiration and biomass production tended to decrease with soil warming at Harvard Forest. This suggests that fungal hyphae adjust to higher temperatures by decreasing the amount of carbon respired and the amount of carbon stored in biomass. The Ford Forestry Center experiment in Michigan has a 2 x 2 fully factorial design with warming (+4-5 °C) and moisture addition (+30% average ambient growing season precipitation). This experiment was used to examine hyphal growth and respiration of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), soil enzymatic capacity, microbial biomass and microbial community structure in the soil over two years of experimental treatment. Results from the hyphal in-growth bag study indicate that AMF hyphal growth and respiration respond negatively to drought. Soil enzyme activities tend to be higher in heated versus unheated soils. There were significant temporal variations in enzyme activity and microbial biomass estimates. When microbial biomass was estimated using chloroform fumigation extractions there were no differences between experimental treatments and the control. When PLFA analyses were used to estimate microbial biomass we found that biomass responds negatively to higher temperatures and positively to moisture addition. This pattern was present for both bacteria and fungi. More information on the quality and composition of the organic matter and nutrients in soils from climate change manipulation experiments will allow us to gain a more thorough understanding of the mechanisms driving the patterns reported here. The information presented here will improve current soil carbon and nitrogen cycling models.
Book Synopsis Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Cycling in Forest Soils by : Robert G. Qualls
Download or read book Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Cycling in Forest Soils written by Robert G. Qualls and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-06-21 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The majority of carbon stored in the soils of the world is stored in forests. The refractory nature of some portions of forest soil organic matter also provides the slow, gradual release of organic nitrogen and phosphorus to sustain long term forest productivity. Contemporary and future disturbances, such as climatic warming, deforestation, short rotation sylviculture, the invasion of exotic species, and fire, all place strains on the integrity of this homeostatic system of C, N, and P cycling. On the other hand, the CO2 fertilization effect may partially offset losses of soil organic matter, but many have questioned the ability of N and P stocks to sustain the CO2 fertilization effect. Despite many advances in the understanding of C, N, and P cycling in forest soils, many questions remain. For example, no complete inventory of the myriad structural formulae of soil organic N and P has ever been made. The factors that cause the resistance of soil organic matter to mineralization are still hotly debated. Is it possible to “engineer” forest soil organic matter so that it sequesters even more C? The role of microbial species diversity in forest C, N, and P cycling is poorly understood. The difficulty in measuring the contribution of roots to soil organic C, N, and P makes its contribution uncertain. Finally, global differences in climate, soils, and species make the extrapolation of any one important study difficult to extrapolate to forest soils worldwide.
Book Synopsis Spatial Patterns of Litterfall, Nitrogen Cycling, and Understory Vegetation in a Hemlock-hardwood Forest by : James Bennett Ferrari
Download or read book Spatial Patterns of Litterfall, Nitrogen Cycling, and Understory Vegetation in a Hemlock-hardwood Forest written by James Bennett Ferrari and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Microbial Activity in Deeper Mineral Soil Important for Nitrogen Cycling Across Successional Stand Age in a Northern Hardwood Forest by : Bridget Anna Darby
Download or read book Microbial Activity in Deeper Mineral Soil Important for Nitrogen Cycling Across Successional Stand Age in a Northern Hardwood Forest written by Bridget Anna Darby and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Little is known about soil processes with depth, as the majority of studies measuring soil nitrogen (N) cycling and microbial activity only measure the top 10-15 cm, where activity is expected to be highest. Microbes play an important role in the extraction of N from the mineral soil through the mineralization of organic N and in the accumulation of N in the mineral soil through immobilization and turnover of N in microbial biomass or in extracellular enzymes. It is also uncertain how these processes vary with successional stand age. To understand how N cycling varies with depth and forest stand age, we measured gross and net N mineralization and nitrification rates, as well as extracellular enzyme activity to 50 cm depth across three sites varying in stand age (45 and 100 years post-harvest and old growth) at and near Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in central New Hampshire. N- and C- degrading enzyme activity correlated with gross N mineralization rates, but not net N mineralization rate, directly linking microbial activity to the release of N from SOM. Enzyme activity and N cycling rates were expected to decrease with depth in response to decreasing soil C and N concentrations and increasing organic matter age. We found that N cycling rates per g dry soil and g N did decrease with between the forest floor and mineral soil, but decomposition enzyme activity and remained constant relative to decreasing organic matter concentrations with depth. On an areal basis, N cycling in the mineral soil was much larger, flux than in the organic horizon due to the large mass of the mineral soil. We found few differences in activity rates across sites, though net nitrification was significantly higher at the old growth site and enzyme activities were often lower at the 100 year old stand as compared the other two sites. The results from our study demonstrate the underappreciated importance of microbial activity with depth. Although N cycling rates decreased with depth, N turnover remained relatively high throughout the soil profile, highlighting the availability of N in old SOM and the likely importance of deep soil in supplying N to plants and microbes.
Book Synopsis Carbon Resources and PH as Controls of Microbial and Microarthropod Communities in a Northern Hardwood Forest by : Will R. Kessler
Download or read book Carbon Resources and PH as Controls of Microbial and Microarthropod Communities in a Northern Hardwood Forest written by Will R. Kessler and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nitrogen Dynamics Following Clear-cut Harvest of Northern Hardwood Ecosystems in Michigan by : William E. Holmes
Download or read book Nitrogen Dynamics Following Clear-cut Harvest of Northern Hardwood Ecosystems in Michigan written by William E. Holmes and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Plant and Microbial Mechanisms of Nitrogen Retention in Northern Hardwood Forests Receiving Atmospheric NO3 Deposition by : William C. Eddy
Download or read book Plant and Microbial Mechanisms of Nitrogen Retention in Northern Hardwood Forests Receiving Atmospheric NO3 Deposition written by William C. Eddy and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Soil Enzymes by : Roger George Burns
Download or read book Soil Enzymes written by Roger George Burns and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: History of abiontic soil ensyme research; Origin and range of enzymes in soil; kinetics and consecutive reactions of soil enzymes; Soil polysaccharidases: activity and agricultural importance; Urease activity in soils; Soil phosphatase and sulphatase; Interactions between agrochemicals and soil enzymes; Enzyme activity in soil: some theoretical and practical considerations; Methodology of soil enzyme measurement and extraction.
Book Synopsis Changes in Forest Ecosystem Nutrition by : Friederike Lang
Download or read book Changes in Forest Ecosystem Nutrition written by Friederike Lang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-10-18 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Soil Enzymology in the Recycling of Organic Wastes and Environmental Restoration by : Carmen Trasar-Cepeda
Download or read book Soil Enzymology in the Recycling of Organic Wastes and Environmental Restoration written by Carmen Trasar-Cepeda and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-30 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil enzymes play a fundamental role in many soil processes such as the mineralization of organic matter, the synthesis of humic substances, the degradation of xenobiotics or the mechanisms involved in the biocontrol of plant pathogens. Their direct link with soil microorganisms gives them a key role as biomonitors of the evolution of soil quality or in the monitoring of the application of organic amendments to degraded soils. As a consequence of the importance of soil enzymes on soil processes, there is an increasing interest in their study, as well as in the application of molecular techniques as diagnostic tools.
Book Synopsis Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests by : Stephen H. Bullock
Download or read book Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests written by Stephen H. Bullock and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-11-24 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Review of tropical dry forest biogeography, palaeontology, ecology and ecosystem functions.
Book Synopsis Forest and Rangeland Soils of the United States Under Changing Conditions by : Richard V. Pouyat
Download or read book Forest and Rangeland Soils of the United States Under Changing Conditions written by Richard V. Pouyat and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-02 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book synthesizes leading-edge science and management information about forest and rangeland soils of the United States. It offers ways to better understand changing conditions and their impacts on soils, and explores directions that positively affect the future of forest and rangeland soil health. This book outlines soil processes and identifies the research needed to manage forest and rangeland soils in the United States. Chapters give an overview of the state of forest and rangeland soils research in the Nation, including multi-decadal programs (chapter 1), then summarizes various human-caused and natural impacts and their effects on soil carbon, hydrology, biogeochemistry, and biological diversity (chapters 2–5). Other chapters look at the effects of changing conditions on forest soils in wetland and urban settings (chapters 6–7). Impacts include: climate change, severe wildfires, invasive species, pests and diseases, pollution, and land use change. Chapter 8 considers approaches to maintaining or regaining forest and rangeland soil health in the face of these varied impacts. Mapping, monitoring, and data sharing are discussed in chapter 9 as ways to leverage scientific and human resources to address soil health at scales from the landscape to the individual parcel (monitoring networks, data sharing Web sites, and educational soils-centered programs are tabulated in appendix B). Chapter 10 highlights opportunities for deepening our understanding of soils and for sustaining long-term ecosystem health and appendix C summarizes research needs. Nine regional summaries (appendix A) offer a more detailed look at forest and rangeland soils in the United States and its Affiliates.
Book Synopsis Canadian Journal of Forest Research by :
Download or read book Canadian Journal of Forest Research written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 988 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Quantifying and Understanding Plant Nitrogen Uptake for Systems Modeling by : Liwang Ma
Download or read book Quantifying and Understanding Plant Nitrogen Uptake for Systems Modeling written by Liwang Ma and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-08-27 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses New Advancements to Improve Existing Simulations of Plant NitrogenWritten by research pioneers and leading scientists in the area of agricultural systems, Quantifying and Understanding Plant Nitrogen Uptake for Systems Modeling comprehensively covers plant N uptake in agricultural system models, especially for building soil-plant system m
Book Synopsis Mixed-species Forest Ecosystems in the Great Lakes Region by :
Download or read book Mixed-species Forest Ecosystems in the Great Lakes Region written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
