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Searching For Non Linear Effects Of Fiscal Policy
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Book Synopsis Searching for Non-linear Effects of Fiscal Policy by : Francesco Giavazzi
Download or read book Searching for Non-linear Effects of Fiscal Policy written by Francesco Giavazzi and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several recent studies suggest that the response of national saving to fiscal policy may be non-linear. In this paper we use two data sets to search for the circumstances in which such non-linear responses may arise: a sample of OECD countries used in previous studies, and sample of developing countries, using more recent World Bank data. We find that in both samples non-linear effects tend to be associated with large and persistent fiscal impulses. In the OECD sample the non-linearity of the response is stronger for fiscal contractions than for expansions. An increase in net taxes has no effect on national saving during large fiscal contractions, while it has a positive effect in less pronounced contractions. High or rapidly growing public debt does not appear to be a good predictor of non-linear effects. In the World Bank sample of developing countries, non-linearities in the response national saving to fiscal policy are not limited to large fiscal contractions, and also tend to occur in periods in which debt is accumulating rapidly, regardless of its initial level.
Book Synopsis Uncertainty and Non-linear Macroeconomic Effects of Fiscal Policy in the US by : Ansgar Belke
Download or read book Uncertainty and Non-linear Macroeconomic Effects of Fiscal Policy in the US written by Ansgar Belke and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We investigate whether the macroeconomic effects of government spending shocks vary with the level of uncertainty. Using postwar US data and a Self-Exciting Interacted VAR (SEIVAR) model, we find that fiscal spending has positive output effects in tranquil times but is contractionary during uncertain times. The endogenous reaction of macroeconomic uncertainty plays an important role in explaining the non-linear impact of government spending. In contrast to other types of government spending, research and development expenditures reduce uncertainty and have an expansionary effect on output during uncertain times.
Book Synopsis The Nonlinear Effects of Fiscal Policy by : Pedro Brinca
Download or read book The Nonlinear Effects of Fiscal Policy written by Pedro Brinca and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effectiveness of Fiscal Policy in Stimulating Economic Activity by : Richard Hemming
Download or read book The Effectiveness of Fiscal Policy in Stimulating Economic Activity written by Richard Hemming and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2002-12 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the effectiveness of fiscal policy. The focus is on the size of fiscal multipliers, and on the possibility that multipliers can turn negative (i.e., that fiscal contractions can be expansionary). The paper concludes that fiscal multipliers are overwhelmingly positive but small. However, there is some evidence of negative fiscal multipliers.
Book Synopsis Searching for Non-monotonic Effects of Fiscal Policy by : Francesco Giavazzi
Download or read book Searching for Non-monotonic Effects of Fiscal Policy written by Francesco Giavazzi and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data revisions and the availability of a longer sample offer the opportunity to reconsider the empirical findings that suggest that in the OECD countries national saving responds non-monotonically to fiscal policy. The paper confirms that the circumstance most likely to give rise to a non-monotonic response of national saving to a fiscal impulse is a "large and persistent impulse", defined as one in which the full employment surplus, as a percent of potential output, changes by at least 1.5 percentage points per year over a two-year period. This particular circumstance remains the only statistically significant one even when we allow for non-monotonic responses to arise when public debt is growing rapidly or interest rate spreads are widening. We find that non-monotonic responses are similar for fiscal contractions and expansions. In particular, an increase in net taxes has no effect on national saving during large fiscal contractions or expansions. For government consumption there is a large, albeit in some specifications less then complete, offset during expansions or contractions.
Book Synopsis Estimating Nonlinear Effects of Fiscal Policy Using Quantile Regression Methods by : Roland Winkler
Download or read book Estimating Nonlinear Effects of Fiscal Policy Using Quantile Regression Methods written by Roland Winkler and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Non-linear Effects of Taxation on Growth by : Nir Jaimovich
Download or read book Non-linear Effects of Taxation on Growth written by Nir Jaimovich and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study a model in which the effects of taxation on growth are highly non-linear. Marginal increases in tax rates have a small growth impact when tax rates are low or moderate. When tax rates are high, further tax hikes have a large, negative impact on growth performance. We argue that this non-linearity is consistent with the empirical evidence on the effect of taxation and other disincentives to investment and innovation on economic growth.
Book Synopsis The Limits of Fiscal Policy by : Anthony J. Makin
Download or read book The Limits of Fiscal Policy written by Anthony J. Makin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-24 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents alternative macroeconomic perspectives, primarily open economy, on the limitations of discretionary fiscal policy, with a focus on government spending. Following an overview on the post-crisis Keynesian revival and of the macro-foundations needed for subsequent analysis, different perspectives are expounded that highlight the failings of fiscal activism. These perspectives include extended loanable funds analysis, an expenditure-output related model incorporating money and exchange rates, and a dependent economy framework. The approaches are used to examine investment and net export crowding out effects and their implications for national income, and are then adapted to show the macroeconomic impact of different fiscal consolidation measures, revealing that the nature of fiscal repair is critical. A concluding chapter evaluates the nexus between budgetary policy and confidence, summarises the key failings of fiscal activism, and suggests fiscal policy goals. The book will appeal to university lecturers and researchers in macroeconomics and economists working in government and the private sector.
Book Synopsis Fiscal and Debt Policies for the Future by : P. Arestis
Download or read book Fiscal and Debt Policies for the Future written by P. Arestis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-04-30 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers detailed analysis and informed comment on the future of emerging economic policies. It is essential reading for all postgraduates and scholars looking for expert discussion and debate on the issues surrounding economic policy.
Book Synopsis Policy Implications of Non-Linear Effects of Tax Changes on Output by : Samara R. Gunter
Download or read book Policy Implications of Non-Linear Effects of Tax Changes on Output written by Samara R. Gunter and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an earlier paper, titled "Non-linear effects of tax changes on output: The role of the initial level of taxation," we estimated tax multipliers using (i) a novel dataset on value-added taxes for 51 countries (21 industrial and 30 developing) for the period 1970-2014, and (ii) the so-called narrative approach developed by Romer and Romer (2010) to properly identify exogenous tax changes. The main finding is that, in line with existing theoretical distortionary and disincentive-based arguments, the effect of tax changes on output is highly non-linear. The tax multiplier is essentially zero under relatively low/moderate initial tax rate levels and more negative as the initial tax rate and the size of the change in the tax rate increase. This companion paper first shows that these findings have important policy implications, given that the initial level of taxes varies greatly across countries and thus so will the potential output effect of changing tax rates. The paper then turns to some specific policy applications. It focuses on the relevance of the arguments for revenue mobilization in countries with low levels of provision of public goods and social and infrastructure gaps, as well as in commodity-dependent countries. The paper then considers some practical implications for the standard debt sustainability analysis. Lastly, it evaluates the implications of the findings for the Laffer curve.
Book Synopsis Inequality and Fiscal Policy by : Mr.Benedict J. Clements
Download or read book Inequality and Fiscal Policy written by Mr.Benedict J. Clements and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-09-21 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sizeable increase in income inequality experienced in advanced economies and many parts of the world since the 1990s and the severe consequences of the global economic and financial crisis have brought distributional issues to the top of the policy agenda. The challenge for many governments is to address concerns over rising inequality while simultaneously promoting economic efficiency and more robust economic growth. The book delves into this discussion by analyzing fiscal policy and its link with inequality. Fiscal policy is the government’s most powerful tool for addressing inequality. It affects households ‘consumption directly (through taxes and transfers) and indirectly (via incentives for work and production and the provision of public goods and individual services such as education and health). An important message of the book is that growth and equity are not necessarily at odds; with the appropriate mix of policy instruments and careful policy design, countries can in many cases achieve better distributional outcomes and improve economic efficiency. Country studies (on the Netherlands, China, India, Republic of Congo, and Brazil) demonstrate the diversity of challenges across countries and their differing capacity to use fiscal policy for redistribution. The analysis presented in the book builds on and extends work done at the IMF, and also includes contributions from leading academics.
Book Synopsis The Challenges of Fiscal Consolidation and Debt Reduction in the Caribbean by : Charles Amo Yartey
Download or read book The Challenges of Fiscal Consolidation and Debt Reduction in the Caribbean written by Charles Amo Yartey and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-07-08 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines debt dynamics in the Caribbean and discusses policy options for reducing the high debt levels. Based on empirical studies of factors underlying global large debt reduction episodes, important policy lessons are drawn for the Caribbean. The analysis shows that major debt reductions are associated with strong growth and decisive and lasting fiscal consolidation efforts. Since growth in the current environment is virtually nonexistent, significant fiscal consolidation is inevitable in the region. Better control of the public wage bill, increasing public sector efficiency and tackling transfers are the obvious targets to reduce spending. On the revenue side, there is ample room to reduce tax expenditures, eliminate distortions while broadening the tax base. Fiscal consolidation needs to be complemented by a comprehensive debt reduction strategy including tax policy reforms and structural reforms to boost competiveness.
Book Synopsis Fiscal and Monetary Policy in the Eurozone by : Rosaria Rita Canale
Download or read book Fiscal and Monetary Policy in the Eurozone written by Rosaria Rita Canale and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2019-05-13 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fiscal and Monetary Policy in the Eurozone offers systematic analyses of the economic policy framework of the Eurozone and critiques current ideas about how to move forward, making it essential reading for postgraduate students of economics and of keen interest to researchers, policymakers, journalists, and financial strategists.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Government Spending on Economic Growth by : Tamoya Christie
Download or read book The Effect of Government Spending on Economic Growth written by Tamoya Christie and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theoretical models suggest a non-linear relationship between government size and long-run economic growth. However, testing this hypothesis empirically in cross-country studies is complicated by the endogeneity of government spending and the accurate identification of inflexion points. This paper examines the non-linear hypothesis by incorporating threshold analysis in a cross-country growth regression. The methodology utilizes a sample-splitting framework and follows an objective strategy for identifying and testing changes in the slope. The results provide evidence in support of the non-linear hypothesis for a broad panel of countries.
Book Synopsis Can the Debt Growth Be Stopped? by : John Merrifield
Download or read book Can the Debt Growth Be Stopped? written by John Merrifield and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2016-03-01 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores new fiscal rules introduced in OECD countries and the relevance of fiscal rules for the unique fiscal policies and institutions in the United States. The rules in different countries are compared, with a more in depth analysis of two countries with arguably the most successful fiscal rules—Switzerland and Sweden. The study compares the challenge of fiscal consolidation facing the U.S. with that in other OECD countries. The centerpiece of the study is analysis of fiscal rules using a dynamic simulation model. A Swiss style fiscal rule is compared to an alternative fiscal rule proposed by Representative Amash, H.J.Res 24.The authors propose a new fiscal rule designed for the unique fiscal institutions in the U.S. Dynamic scoring is used to measure the impact of different fiscal rules on the federal budget, economic growth, and revenue. The effectiveness of the different fiscal rules is analyzed with respect to several criteria. A major objective of the rules is fiscal stabilization in the long run to bring debt/GDP ratios below tolerance levels. The fiscal rules are also designed for budget stabilization in the medium term, such that deficits in periods of recession are offset by surplus revenue in periods of economic expansion. The concluding section of the study explores the political economy of enacting new fiscal rules in the U.S. The study proposes fundamental changes in budget process required for the proposed fiscal rule to be effective. The study concludes with a discussion of alternative routes to enacting new fiscal rules, and the prospects for new fiscal rules to be enacted in the U.S.
Book Synopsis Is it (Still) Mostly Fiscal? Determinants of Sovereign Spreads in Emerging Markets by : Mr.Amine Mati
Download or read book Is it (Still) Mostly Fiscal? Determinants of Sovereign Spreads in Emerging Markets written by Mr.Amine Mati and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2008-11-01 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a panel of 30 emerging market economies from 1997 to 2007, this paper investigates the determinants of country risk premiums as measured by sovereign bond spreads. Unlike previous studies, the results indicate that both fiscal and political factors matter for credit risk in emerging markets. Lower levels of political risk are associated with tighter spreads, while efforts at fiscal consolidation narrow credit spreads, especially in countries that experienced prior defaults. The composition of fiscal policy matters: spending on public investment contributes to lower spreads as long as the fiscal position remains sustainable and the fiscal deficit does not worsen.
Book Synopsis A Note on State-level Nonlinear Effects of Government Spending Shocks in the US by : Xin Sheng
Download or read book A Note on State-level Nonlinear Effects of Government Spending Shocks in the US written by Xin Sheng and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
