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Search For Dark Matter Interactions Using Ionization Yield In Liquid Xenon
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Book Synopsis Noble Gas Detectors by : Elena Aprile
Download or read book Noble Gas Detectors written by Elena Aprile and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-02-27 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the physical properties of noble fluids, operational principles of detectors based on these media, and the best technical solutions to the design of these detectors. Essential attention is given to detector technology: purification methods and monitoring of purity, information readout methods, electronics, detection of hard ultra-violet light emission, selection of materials, cryogenics etc. The book is mostly addressed to physicists and graduate students involved in the preparation of fundamental next generation experiments, nuclear engineers developing instrumentation for national nuclear security and for monitoring nuclear materials.
Book Synopsis Charged Particle and Photon Interactions with Matter by : Yoshihiko Hatano
Download or read book Charged Particle and Photon Interactions with Matter written by Yoshihiko Hatano and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-12-13 with total page 1068 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on Mozumder's and Hatano's Charged Particle and Photon Interactions with Matter: Chemical, Physicochemical, and Biological Consequences with Applications (CRC Press, 2004), Charged Particle and Photon Interactions with Matter: Recent Advances, Applications, and Interfaces expands upon the scientific contents of the previous volume by cover
Book Synopsis Atomic Structure Theory by : Walter R. Johnson
Download or read book Atomic Structure Theory written by Walter R. Johnson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-03-08 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a hands-on experience with atomic structure calculations. Material covered includes angular momentum methods, the central field Schrödinger and Dirac equations, Hartree-Fock and Dirac-Hartree-Fock equations, multiplet structure, hyperfine structure, the isotope shift, dipole and multipole transitions, basic many-body perturbation theory, configuration interaction, and correlation corrections to matrix elements. The book also contains numerical methods for solving the Schrödinger and Dirac eigenvalue problems and the (Dirac)-Hartree-Fock equations.
Download or read book Neutrino Physics written by E. Bellotti and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2003-12-08 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutrino physics contributed in an fundamental way to the progress of science, opening important windows of knowledge in elementary particle physics, as well in astrophysics and cosmology. Substantial experimental efforts are presently dedicated to improve our knowledge on neutrino properties as, in fact, we don't know yet some of the basic ones. Although very significant steps forward have been done, neutrino masses and mixings still remain largely unknown and constitute an important field for future research. Are neutrinos Majorana or Dirac particles? Have they a magnetic moment? Historically, studies on weak processes and, therefore, on neutrino physics, provided first the Fermi theory of weak interactions and then the V-A theory. Finally, the observation of weak neutral currents provided the first experimental evidence for unification of weak and electromagnetic interactions by the so called "Standard Model' of elementary particles. In addition to the results obtained from the measurement of the solar neutrino flux, the study of atmospheric neutrinos strongly supports the hypothesis of neutrino oscillation among different flavours. At the same time, the detection of neutrinos emitted by our Sun gave an important confirmation that the Sun produces energy via a chain of nuclear reactions; in particular in our Sun a specific cycle - the hydrogen cycle - is responsible for practically all the produced energy.
Book Synopsis Two-phase Emission Detectors by : Dmitry Yu Akimov
Download or read book Two-phase Emission Detectors written by Dmitry Yu Akimov and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-07-15 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the rapidly developing areas of modern experimental nuclear physics is non-accelerator experiments using low-background detectors. Such experiments, as a rule, are aimed at solving problems that are of fundamental importance for understanding the structure of the Universe, checking the Standard Model of elementary particles, and looking for new physics behind the observable world. The most interesting tasks include the search for dark matter in the form of new weakly interacting particles, the search for neutrinoless double beta decay, the determination of the magnetic moment of the neutrino, the study of neutrino oscillation and new types of interaction of elementary particles, such as coherent neutrino scattering off heavy nuclei.All these processes, occurring with extremely low cross sections, require the development of efficient large-mass detectors capable of detecting small energy releases down to individual ionization electrons. An effective method to do this is the emission method of detecting ionizing particles in two-phase media, which has been proposed at Moscow Engineering Physics Institute (MEPhI) 50 years ago. The origin of this technique can be traced to the research headed by Prof. Boris A Dolgoshein, whose study focus on the properties of condensed noble gases as a means to develop a tracking streamer chamber with a high-density working medium.This monograph, devoted exclusively to two-phase emission detectors, considers the technology's basic features while taking into account new developments introduced into experimental practice in the last ten years since the publication of its predecessor, Emission Detectors (Bolozdynya, 2010).
Book Synopsis Sources and Detection of Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe by : David Cline
Download or read book Sources and Detection of Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe written by David Cline and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-25 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings provide the latest results on dark matter and dark energy research. The UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy hosted its tenth Dark Matter and Dark Energy conference in Marina del Rey and brought together all the leaders in the field. The symposium provided a scientific forum for the latest discussions in the field. Topics covered at the symposium: •Status of measurements of the equation of state of dark energy and new experiments •The search for missing energy events at the LHC and implications for dark matter search •Theoretical calculations on all forms of dark matter (SUSY, axions, sterile neutrinos, etc.) •Status of the indirect search for dark matter •Status of the direct search for dark matter in detectors around the world •The low-mass wimp search region •The next generation of very large dark matter detectors •New underground laboratories for dark matter search
Book Synopsis Agile Manufacturing Systems by : K Hans Raj
Download or read book Agile Manufacturing Systems written by K Hans Raj and published by ALPHA SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED. This book was released on 2011-12-17 with total page 917 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agility has become very important for the industries today as the lifetimes of the products are continuously shrinking. This book provides an excellent opportunity for updating understanding of agile methods from the design, manufacturing and business process perspectives, whether one is an industrial practitioner, academic researcher engineer or business graduate student. This volume is a compilation of various important aspects of agility consisting of systemic considerations in manufacturing, agile software systems, agile business systems, agile operations research, flexible manufacturing systems, advanced manufacturing systems with improved materials and mechanical behavior of products, agile aspects of design, clean and green manufacturing systems, environment, agile defence systems.
Book Synopsis Particle Physics Reference Library by : Christian W. Fabjan
Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Christian W. Fabjan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 1083 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second open access volume of the handbook series deals with detectors, large experimental facilities and data handling, both for accelerator and non-accelerator based experiments. It also covers applications in medicine and life sciences. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access
Book Synopsis Connecting Quarks with the Cosmos by : National Research Council
Download or read book Connecting Quarks with the Cosmos written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-12 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances made by physicists in understanding matter, space, and time and by astronomers in understanding the universe as a whole have closely intertwined the question being asked about the universe at its two extremesâ€"the very large and the very small. This report identifies 11 key questions that have a good chance to be answered in the next decade. It urges that a new research strategy be created that brings to bear the techniques of both astronomy and sub-atomic physics in a cross-disciplinary way to address these questions. The report presents seven recommendations to facilitate the necessary research and development coordination. These recommendations identify key priorities for future scientific projects critical for realizing these scientific opportunities.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of ... IEEE ... International Conference on Dielectric Liquids (ICDL). by :
Download or read book Proceedings of ... IEEE ... International Conference on Dielectric Liquids (ICDL). written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Particle Dark Matter by : Gianfranco Bertone
Download or read book Particle Dark Matter written by Gianfranco Bertone and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-07 with total page 763 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the dark matter problem in particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology for graduate students and researchers.
Book Synopsis Particle Detectors by : Hermann Kolanoski
Download or read book Particle Detectors written by Hermann Kolanoski and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 949 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the fundamentals of particle detectors as well as their applications. Detector development is an important part of nuclear, particle and astroparticle physics, and through its applications in radiation imaging, it paves the way for advancements in the biomedical and materials sciences. Knowledge in detector physics is one of the required skills of an experimental physicist in these fields. The breadth of knowledge required for detector development comprises many areas of physics and technology, starting from interactions of particles with matter, gas- and solid-state physics, over charge transport and signal development, to elements of microelectronics. The book's aim is to describe the fundamentals of detectors and their different variants and implementations as clearly as possible and as deeply as needed for a thorough understanding. While this comprehensive opus contains all the materials taught in experimental particle physics lectures or modules addressing detector physics at the Master's level, it also goes well beyond these basic requirements. This is an essential text for students who want to deepen their knowledge in this field. It is also a highly useful guide for lecturers and scientists looking for a starting point for detector development work.
Book Synopsis First Observation of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering by : Bjorn Scholz
Download or read book First Observation of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering written by Bjorn Scholz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-26 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes the experimental work that finally led to a successful measurement of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering—a process proposed forty-three years ago. The experiment was performed at the Spallation Neutron Source facility, sited at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, in Tennessee. Of all known particles, neutrinos distinguish themselves for being the hardest to detect, typically requiring large multi-ton devices for the job. The process measured here involves the difficult detection of very weak signals arising from nuclear recoils (tiny neutrino-induced “kicks” to atomic nuclei), but leads to a much larger probability of neutrino interaction when compared to all other known mechanisms. As a result of this, “neutrino technologies” using miniaturized detectors (the author's was handheld and weighed only 14 kg) become a possibility. A large community of researchers plans to continue studying this process, facilitating an exploration of fundamental neutrino properties that is presently beyond the sensitivity of other methods.
Book Synopsis Study of Excess Electronic Recoil Events in XENON1T by : Evan Shockley
Download or read book Study of Excess Electronic Recoil Events in XENON1T written by Evan Shockley and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-30 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis summarizes the original analysis work performed by the author on data from XENON1T, a search for dark matter with a ton-size noble liquid detector operated at Gran Sasso Underground Laboratory in Italy. The nature of dark matter is one of the most open and pressing questions of modern physics, and the unique data acquired with this detector allows the exploration and investigation of several potential scenarios. The analysis of Dr. Shockley searches for a class of elusive elementary particles that interact with the electrons of ordinary atoms, instead of the nucleus. Results of the analysis present, with high confidence, an excess with respect to the expected background. Beyond more mundane explanations, this additional rate of electron-mediated interactions might be a first hint of physics beyond the standard model. This accessible thesis provides details on the detector, the data, and the theory, delivering to the reader an in-depth and coherent picture of the search for physics beyond the standard model.
Download or read book Indium Seals written by R. O. Adams and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The feasibility of using indium seals for large vacuum bell jars has been investigated. It is shown that such seals can be made; however, use of this type seal for repetitive operations is not recommended.
Book Synopsis Emission Detectors by : Alexander I Bolozdynya
Download or read book Emission Detectors written by Alexander I Bolozdynya and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010-07-30 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After decades of research and development, emission detectors have recently become the most successful instrumentation used in modern fundamental experiments searching for cold dark matter, and are also considered for neutrino coherent scattering and magnetic momentum neutrino measurement. This book is the first monograph exclusively dedicated to emission detectors. Properties of two-phase working media based on noble gases, saturated hydrocarbon, ion crystals and semiconductors are reviewed.
Book Synopsis Production Yield of Muon-Induced Neutrons in Lead by : Holger Kluck
Download or read book Production Yield of Muon-Induced Neutrons in Lead written by Holger Kluck and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-28 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work presented in this book is a major step towards understanding and eventually suppressing background in the direct search for dark matter particles scattering off germanium detectors. Although the flux of cosmic muons is reduced by many orders of magnitude in underground laboratories, the remaining energetic muons induce neutrons through various processes, neutrons that can potentially mimic a dark matter signal. This thesis describes the measurement of muon-induced neutrons over more than 3 years in the Modane underground laboratory. The data are complemented by a thorough modeling of the neutron signal using the GEANT4 simulation package, demonstrating the appropriateness of this tool to model these rare processes. As a result, a precise neutron production yield can be presented. Thus, future underground experiments will be able to reliably model the expected rate of muon-induced neutrons, making it possible to develop the necessary shielding concept to suppress this background component.
