Scientific Governance In Britain 1914 79

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Scientific Governance in Britain, 1914-79

Author : Don Leggett
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781526115133
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (151 download)

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Book Synopsis Scientific Governance in Britain, 1914-79 by : Don Leggett

Download or read book Scientific Governance in Britain, 1914-79 written by Don Leggett and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the middle portion of that century, British science grew dramatically in scale, reach and value. These changes were due in no small part to the two world wars and their associated effects, notably post-war reconstruction and the on-going Cold War. As the century went on, there were more scientists - requiring more money to fund their research - occupying ever more niches in industry, academia, military and civil institutions. Combining the latest research on 20th-century British science with insightful discussion of what it meant to govern - and govern with - science, this volume provides both an invaluable introduction to science in 20th-century Britain for students and a fresh thematic focus on science and government for researchers interested in the histories of science and governance.

Scientific governance in Britain, 1914–79

Author : Don Leggett
Publisher : Manchester University Press
ISBN 13 : 1526100436
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis Scientific governance in Britain, 1914–79 by : Don Leggett

Download or read book Scientific governance in Britain, 1914–79 written by Don Leggett and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2016-08-31 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific governance in Britain, 1914-79 examines the connected histories of how science was governed, and used in governance, in twentieth-century Britain. During the middle portion of that century, British science grew dramatically in scale, reach and value. These changes were due in no small part to the two world wars and their associated effects, notably post-war reconstruction and the on-going Cold War. As the century went on, there were more scientists - requiring more money to fund their research - occupying ever more niches in industry, academia, military and civil institutions. Combining the latest research on twentieth-century British science with insightful discussion of what it meant to govern - and govern with - science, this volume provides both an invaluable introduction to science in twentieth-century Britain for students and a fresh thematic focus on science and government for researchers interested in the histories of science and governance. This volume features a foreword from Sir John Beddington, UK Government Chief Scientific Adviser 2008-13.

The British left and the defence economy

Author : Keith Mc Loughlin
Publisher : Manchester University Press
ISBN 13 : 1526144034
Total Pages : 153 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis The British left and the defence economy by : Keith Mc Loughlin

Download or read book The British left and the defence economy written by Keith Mc Loughlin and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-29 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forty years before COVID-19, socialists in Britain campaigned for workers to have the right to make ‘socially useful’ products, from hospital equipment to sustain the NHS to affordable heating systems for the impoverished elderly. This movement held one thing responsible above all else for the nation’s problems: the burden of defence spending. In the middle of the Cold War, the left put a direct challenge to the defence industry, the Labour government and trade unions. The response it received revealed much about a military-industrial state that prioritised the making and exporting of arms for political favour and profit. Looking at peace activism from the early 1970s to Labour’s landslide defeat in the 1983 general election, this book examines the conflict over the cost of Britain’s commitment to the Cold War and asserts that the wider left presented a comprehensive and implementable alternative to the stark choice between making weapons and joining the dole queue.

Applied Science

Author : Robert Bud
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009365223
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Applied Science by : Robert Bud

Download or read book Applied Science written by Robert Bud and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2024-03-31 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robert Bud explores the rise and fall of 'applied science' as a class of scientific thought and practice. UK focussed, the study has international implications. Over two centuries, lay actors and scientists interacted through politics, stories and institutions to shape a category that would eventually fade in favour of 'technology'.

Michael Young, Social Science, and the British Left, 1945-1970

Author : Lise Butler
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192607790
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Michael Young, Social Science, and the British Left, 1945-1970 by : Lise Butler

Download or read book Michael Young, Social Science, and the British Left, 1945-1970 written by Lise Butler and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-02 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In post-war Britain, left-wing policy maker and sociologist Michael Young played a major role in shaping British intellectual, political, and cultural life, using his study of the social sciences to inform his political thought. In the mid-twentieth century the social sciences significantly expanded, and played a major role in shaping British intellectual, political and cultural life. Central to this intellectual shift was the left-wing policy maker and sociologist Michael Young. As a Labour Party policy maker in the 1940s, Young was a key architect of the Party's 1945 election manifesto, 'Let Us Face the Future'. He became a sociologist in the 1950s, publishing a classic study of the East London working class, Family and Kinship in East London with Peter Willmott in 1957, which he followed up with a dystopian satire, The Rise of the Meritocracy, about a future society in which social status was determined entirely by intelligence. Young was also a prolific social innovator, founding or inspiring dozens of organisations, including the Institute of Community Studies, the Consumers' Association, Which?magazine, the Social Science Research Council and the Open University. Moving between politics, social science, and activism, Young believed that disciplines like sociology, psychology and anthropology could help policy makers and politicians understand human nature, which in turn could help them to build better political and social institutions. This book examines the relationship between social science and public policy in left-wing politics between the end of the Second World War and the end of the first Wilson government through the figure of Michael Young. Drawing on Young's prolific writings, and his intellectual and political networks, it argues that he and other social scientists and policy makers drew on contemporary ideas from the social sciences to challenge key Labour values, like full employment and nationalisation, and to argue that the Labour Party should put more emphasis on relationships, family, and community. Showing that the social sciences were embedded in the project of social democratic governance in post-war Britain, it argues that historians and scholars should take their role in British politics and political thought seriously

The Silences of Science

Author : Felicity Mellor
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317055039
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Silences of Science by : Felicity Mellor

Download or read book The Silences of Science written by Felicity Mellor and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-09-13 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last half century scholars from a range of disciplines have attempted to theorise silence. Naively we tend to think of silence negatively, as a lack, an emptiness. Yet silence studies shows that silence is more than mere absence. All speech incorporates silence, not only in the gaps between words or the pauses that facilitate turn taking, but in the omissions that result from the necessary selectivity of communicative acts. Thus silence is significant in and of itself; it is a sign that has socially-constructed (albeit context -dependent and ambiguous) meanings. To date, studies of science communication have focussed on what is said rather than what is not said. They have highlighted the content of communication rather than its form, and have largely ignored the gaps, pauses and lacunae that are an essential, and meaningful, part of any communicative act. Both the sociology of science and the history of science have also failed to highlight the varied functions of silence in the practice of science, despite interests in tacit knowledge and cultures of secrecy. Through a range of case studies from historical and contemporary situations, this volume draws attention to the significance of silence, its different qualities and uses, and the nature, function and meaning of silence for science and technology studies.

"Well, Doc, You're In"

Author : David Kaiser
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262371391
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis "Well, Doc, You're In" by : David Kaiser

Download or read book "Well, Doc, You're In" written by David Kaiser and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-10-25 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The life and work of Freeman Dyson—renowned scientist, visionary, and iconoclast—and his particular way of thinking about deep questions. Freeman Dyson (1923–2020)—renowned scientist, visionary, and iconoclast—helped invent modern physics. Not bound by disciplinary divisions, he went on to explore foundational topics in mathematics, astrophysics, and the origin of life. General readers were introduced to Dyson’s roving mind and heterodox approach in his 1979 book Disturbing the Universe, a poignant autobiographical reflection on life and science. “Well, Doc, You’re In” (the title quotes Richard Feynman’s remark to Dyson at a physics conference) offers a fresh examination of Dyson’s life and work, exploring his particular way of thinking about deep questions that range from the nature of matter to the ultimate fate of the universe. The chapters—written by leading scientists, historians, and science journalists, including some of Dyson’s colleagues—trace Dyson’s formative years, his budding interests and curiosities, and his wide-ranging work across the natural sciences, technology, and public policy. They describe Dyson’s innovations at the intersection of quantum theory and relativity, his novel nuclear reactor design (and his never-realized idea of a spacecraft powered by nuclear weapons), his years at the Institute for Advanced Study, and his foray into cosmology. In the coda, Dyson’s daughter Esther reflects on growing up in the Dyson household. “Well, Doc, You’re In” assesses Dyson’s successes, blind spots, and influence, assembling a portrait of a scientist’s outsized legacy. Contributors Jeremy Bernstein, Robbert Dijkgraaf, Esther Dyson, George Dyson, Ann Finkbeiner, Amanda Gefter, Ashutosh Jogalekar, David Kaiser, Caleb Scharf, William Thomas

When the Air Became Important

Author : Janet Greenlees
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 0813587964
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis When the Air Became Important by : Janet Greenlees

Download or read book When the Air Became Important written by Janet Greenlees and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-15 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Janet Greenlees examines the working environments of the heartlands of the British and American cotton textile industries from the nineteenth to the late twentieth centuries. She contends that the air quality within these pioneering workplaces was a key contributor to the health of the wider communities of which they were a part.

Being Modern

Author : Robert Bud
Publisher : UCL Press
ISBN 13 : 1787353931
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (873 download)

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Book Synopsis Being Modern by : Robert Bud

Download or read book Being Modern written by Robert Bud and published by UCL Press. This book was released on 2018-10-10 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early decades of the twentieth century, engagement with science was commonly used as an emblem of modernity. This phenomenon is now attracting increasing attention in different historical specialties. Being Modern builds on this recent scholarly interest to explore engagement with science across culture from the end of the nineteenth century to approximately 1940. Addressing the breadth of cultural forms in Britain and the western world from the architecture of Le Corbusier to working class British science fiction, Being Modern paints a rich picture. Seventeen distinguished contributors from a range of fields including the cultural study of science and technology, art and architecture, English culture and literature examine the issues involved. The book will be a valuable resource for students, and a spur to scholars to further examination of culture as an interconnected web of which science is a critical part, and to supersede such tired formulations as 'Science and culture'.

Earth, Cosmos and Culture

Author : Oliver Tristan Dunnett
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429631634
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)

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Book Synopsis Earth, Cosmos and Culture by : Oliver Tristan Dunnett

Download or read book Earth, Cosmos and Culture written by Oliver Tristan Dunnett and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-04-19 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book traces the development of diverse British cultures of outer space, utilizing key geographical concepts such as landscape, place, and national identity. It examines the early visionary ideas of writers H. G. Wells and Olaf Stapledon, the ambitious British space programme of the 1960s, and narrations of British cultural identity that accompanied the space missions of Helen Sharman, Beagle 2 and Tim Peake. The exploration of British cultures of outer space throughout the book helps understand the emergence of the British Interplanetary Society. It also explains its significance in pre-war and post-war periods through an analysis of the roles of influential figures such as Arthur C. Clarke and Patrick Moore. The chapters explore utopian and dystopian representations of space exploration, examine the mysterious phenomenon of UFO culture, and consider plans for humanity’s imagined future across interstellar space. Throughout the book geography is advocated as a home for critical studies of outer space, illuminating its significance in terms of the reciprocal relationships between exploration and the sublime, science and the imagination, Earth and cosmos. As an emergent field of research in the social sciences, this book makes an excellent contribution to the study of the outer space in Britain and abroad developing a distinctive kind of outer spatial geography with major implications for future teaching and research.

Utopian Universities

Author : Miles Taylor
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1350138649
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Utopian Universities by : Miles Taylor

Download or read book Utopian Universities written by Miles Taylor and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-11-12 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a remarkable decade of public investment in higher education, some 200 new university campuses were established worldwide between 1961 and 1970. This volume offers a comparative and connective global history of these institutions, illustrating how their establishment, intellectual output and pedagogical experimentation sheds light on the social and cultural topography of the long 1960s. With an impressive geographic coverage - using case studies from Europe, the Americas, Africa and Asia - the book explores how these universities have influenced academic disciplines and pioneered new types of teaching, architectural design and student experience. From educational reform in West Germany to the establishment of new institutions with progressive, interdisciplinary curricula in the Commonwealth, the illuminating case studies of this volume demonstrate how these universities shared in a common cause: the embodiment of 'utopian' ideals of living, learning and governance. At a time when the role of higher education is fiercely debated, Utopian Universities is a timely and considered intervention that offers a wide-ranging, historical dimension to contemporary predicaments.

Reactionary Mathematics

Author : Massimo Mazzotti
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226826740
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (268 download)

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Book Synopsis Reactionary Mathematics by : Massimo Mazzotti

Download or read book Reactionary Mathematics written by Massimo Mazzotti and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2023-05-12 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A forgotten episode of mathematical resistance reveals the rise of modern mathematics and its cornerstone, mathematical purity, as political phenomena. The nineteenth century opened with a major shift in European mathematics, and in the Kingdom of Naples, this occurred earlier than elsewhere. Between 1790 and 1830 its leading scientific institutions rejected as untrustworthy the “very modern mathematics” of French analysis and in its place consolidated, legitimated, and put to work a different mathematical culture. The Neapolitan mathematical resistance was a complete reorientation of mathematical practice. Over the unrestricted manipulation and application of algebraic algorithms, Neapolitan mathematicians called for a return to Greek-style geometry and the preeminence of pure mathematics. For all their apparent backwardness, Massimo Mazzotti explains, they were arguing for what would become crucial features of modern mathematics: its voluntary restriction through a new kind of rigor and discipline, and the complete disconnection of mathematical truth from the empirical world—in other words, its purity. The Neapolitans, Mazzotti argues, were reacting to the widespread use of mathematical analysis in social and political arguments: theirs was a reactionary mathematics that aimed to technically refute the revolutionary mathematics of the Jacobins. Reactionaries targeted the modern administrative monarchy and its technocratic ambitions, and their mathematical critique questioned the legitimacy of analysis as deployed by expert groups, such as engineers and statisticians. What Mazzotti’s penetrating history shows us in vivid detail is that producing mathematical knowledge was equally about producing certain forms of social, political, and economic order.

A History of Scientific Journals

Author : Aileen Fyfe
Publisher : UCL Press
ISBN 13 : 1800082320
Total Pages : 666 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis A History of Scientific Journals by : Aileen Fyfe

Download or read book A History of Scientific Journals written by Aileen Fyfe and published by UCL Press. This book was released on 2022-10-03 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern scientific research has changed so much since Isaac Newton’s day: it is more professional, collaborative and international, with more complicated equipment and a more diverse community of researchers. Yet the use of scientific journals to report, share and store results is a thread that runs through the history of science from Newton’s day to ours. Scientific journals are now central to academic research and careers. Their editorial and peer-review processes act as a check on new claims and findings, and researchers build their careers on the list of journal articles they have published. The journal that reported Newton’s optical experiments still exists. First published in 1665, and now fully digital, the Philosophical Transactions has carried papers by Charles Darwin, Dorothy Hodgkin and Stephen Hawking. It is now one of eleven journals published by the Royal Society of London. Unrivalled insights from the Royal Society’s comprehensive archives have enabled the authors to investigate more than 350 years of scientific journal publishing. The editorial management, business practices and financial difficulties of the Philosophical Transactions and its sibling Proceedings reveal the meaning and purpose of journals in a changing scientific community. At a time when we are surrounded by calls to reform the academic publishing system, it has never been more urgent that we understand its history.

As Gods

Author : Matthew Cobb
Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 1541602846
Total Pages : 502 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (416 download)

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Book Synopsis As Gods by : Matthew Cobb

Download or read book As Gods written by Matthew Cobb and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2022-11-15 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thrilling and terrifying history of genetic engineering In 2018, scientists manipulated the DNA of human babies for the first time. As biologist and historian Matthew Cobb shows in As Gods, this achievement was one many scientists have feared from the start of the genetic age. Four times in the last fifty years, geneticists, frightened by their own technology, have called a temporary halt to their experiments. They ought to be frightened: Now we have powers that can target the extinction of pests, change our own genes, or create dangerous new versions of diseases in an attempt to prevent future pandemics. Both awe-inspiring and chilling, As Gods traces the history of genetic engineering, showing that this revolutionary technology is far too important to be left to the scientists. They have the power to change life itself, but should we trust them to keep their ingenuity from producing a hellish reality?

Richard Titmuss

Author : Stewart, John
Publisher : Policy Press
ISBN 13 : 1447341074
Total Pages : 600 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (473 download)

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Book Synopsis Richard Titmuss by : Stewart, John

Download or read book Richard Titmuss written by Stewart, John and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2020-06-02 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first full-length biography of Richard Titmuss, a pioneer of social policy research and an influential figure in Britain’s post-war welfare debates. Drawing on his own papers, publications, and interviews with those who knew him, the book discusses Titmuss’s ideas, particularly those around the principles of altruism and social solidarity, as well as his role in policy and academic networks at home and overseas. It is an enlightening portrait of a man who deepened our understanding of social problems as well as the policies that respond most effectively to them.

British Exploitation of German Science and Technology, 1943-1949

Author : Charlie Hall
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351122533
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (511 download)

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Book Synopsis British Exploitation of German Science and Technology, 1943-1949 by : Charlie Hall

Download or read book British Exploitation of German Science and Technology, 1943-1949 written by Charlie Hall and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-01-16 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the end of the Second World War, Germany lay at the mercy of its occupiers, all of whom launched programmes of scientific and technological exploitation. Each occupying nation sought to bolster their own armouries and industries with the spoils of war, and Britain was no exception. Shrouded in secrecy yet directed at the top levels of government and driven by ingenuity from across the civil service and armed forces, Britain made exploitation a key priority. By examining factories and laboratories, confiscating prototypes and blueprints, and interrogating and even recruiting German experts, Britain sought to utilise the innovations of the last war to prepare for the next. This ground-breaking book tells the full story of British exploitation for the first time, sheds new light on the legacies of the Second World War, and contributes to histories of intelligence, science, warfare and power in the midst of the twentieth century.

Participating in the Knowledge Society

Author : R. Finnegan
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230523048
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Participating in the Knowledge Society by : R. Finnegan

Download or read book Participating in the Knowledge Society written by R. Finnegan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-09-27 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In current debates about the 'knowledge society' and the organization of 'research', the spotlight is most often on the universities. This interdisciplinary and transhistorical volume focuses on the less often-recognized work of independent researchers creating and participating in knowledge outside the academy, from seventeenth-century north-country astronomers to Victorian naturalists to today's think tanks, community historians and new forms of researching and publishing through the internet. These intriguing cases raise challenging issues about the location, definition, and validation of 'research', about active participation in knowledge-generation, and about the perhaps changing boundaries of university today.